Hydrogen fuel nozzle and burner with trapped vortex cavity for enhanced mixing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, and provides a hydrogen fuel nozzle and burner with a concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with a concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing includes a casing, a flame tube, a first air inlet pipe, and a plurality of micro-mixing nozzles. An air collecting chamber is provided in the end of the flame tube adjacent to the air inlet, and a plurality of mounting channels are provided at the end of the flame tube adjacent to the air inlet. The mounting channels penetrate the mounting chamber, the air collecting chamber, and the ejection chamber. Each micro-mixing nozzle is installed in a mounting channel. The micro-mixing nozzle includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end. The air inlet end is connected to the mounting chamber, and the air outlet end is connected to the ejection chamber. The inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle is provided with a groove, and the bottom wall of the groove is provided with an air vent connected to the air collecting chamber. When air flows in the micro-mixing nozzle and passes through the groove, a vortex is generated in the groove. In this way, the mixing of air and fuel gas is enhanced by the vortex, effectively improving the mixing uniformity, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, in particular to a hydrogen fuel nozzle and a burner with a concave cavity trapped vortex to enhance mixing. Background Art

[0002] With increasing global demands for environmental protection and energy efficiency, the aviation industry faces the immense challenge of reducing carbon emissions and improving fuel efficiency. Traditional aircraft engines primarily rely on fossil fuels, such as kerosene. While these fuels offer high energy density, they also generate significant greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Therefore, the search for alternative fuels has become a key research area in the aviation industry. Fuel gas, a representative clean energy source, offers advantages such as zero carbon emissions, high energy density, and widespread availability.

[0003] In related technologies, aircraft engine combustion chamber designs are mostly based on fossil fuels, primarily considering the combustion characteristics of traditional fuels. While some research has begun exploring the application of hydrogen fuel in areas such as gas turbines, relatively little research has been conducted on hydrogen fuel combustors specifically for aircraft engines, and existing designs exhibit poor mixing performance between fuel and air. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the present invention proposes a hydrogen fuel nozzle with a cavity trapped vortex to enhance mixing, aiming to improve the mixing effect of fuel and air.

[0005] The present invention also provides a burner.

[0006] A hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention comprises:

[0007] A casing, the casing being provided with a mounting cavity and an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the mounting cavity;

[0008] a flame tube, wherein the flame tube is at least partially disposed in the mounting cavity, the flame tube is provided with an ejection cavity, and an air collecting cavity is provided in one end of the flame tube adjacent to the air inlet, and a plurality of mounting channels are provided in the one end of the flame tube adjacent to the air inlet, the mounting channels passing through the mounting cavity, the air collecting cavity and the ejection cavity;

[0009] a first air intake pipe, one end of which is connected to the gas collecting chamber, and the first air intake pipe is used to transport fuel gas into the gas collecting chamber;

[0010] A plurality of micro-mixing nozzles are provided, each of which is installed in one of the mounting channels. The micro-mixing nozzles includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end. The air inlet end is connected to the mounting cavity, and the air outlet end is connected to the ejection cavity. A groove is provided on the inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle, and an air vent connected to the air collecting cavity is provided on the bottom wall of the groove.

[0011] According to the hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to the embodiment of the present invention, air is introduced through the air inlet of the casing. After the air enters the installation cavity, it flows to the ejection cavity through a plurality of micro-mixing nozzles installed on the flame tube. At the same time, fuel gas is introduced into the gas collecting cavity through the first air inlet pipe, and a vent is provided on the micro-mixing nozzle so that the fuel gas in the gas collecting cavity can enter the micro-mixing nozzle and mix with the air. The mixed gas will flow to the ejection cavity. A groove is provided on the inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle. The fuel gas in the gas collecting cavity first enters the groove through the vent. When the air flows in the micro-mixing nozzle, it passes through the groove and generates a vortex in the groove. In this way, the mixing of air and fuel gas is enhanced by the vortex, effectively improving the mixing uniformity, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the groove is arranged around the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-mixing nozzle is provided with a plurality of the vent holes, and the plurality of the vent holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing includes:

[0015] A swirler, the swirler passes through the flame tube and is provided with a pre-combustion stage exhaust hole, the pre-combustion stage exhaust hole being connected to the ejection chamber;

[0016] A second air inlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the swirler, and the second air inlet pipe is used to transport fuel gas into the swirler.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the installation channels are radially distributed with the cyclone as the center.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the first air inlet pipe connected to the flame tube is arranged adjacent to the swirler.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the flame tube and the inner wall of the installation cavity are separated to form two flow channels.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the two flow passages are arranged around the flame tube.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen fuel nozzle with trapped vortex enhanced mixing in the concave cavity includes a diffuser, which is provided at the air inlet and has an end of the diffuser facing the air outlet in a flared shape.

[0022] The combustor according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a body and the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel nozzle with concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing, and the hydrogen fuel nozzle with concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing is arranged on the body.

[0023] The burner according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel nozzle with concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing, and therefore has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel nozzle with concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing, which will not be repeated here.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a side cross-sectional view of a hydrogen fuel nozzle with a concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of a hydrogen fuel nozzle with a concave cavity trapped vortex to enhance mixing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional view of the micro-mixing nozzle provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a side cross-sectional view of a cyclone provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a front view of the flame tube provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Casing; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 13. Mounting cavity; 14. Two-stream flow channel; 2. Flame tube; 21. Air collecting cavity; 22. Ejection cavity; 3. First air inlet pipe; 4. Second air inlet pipe; 5. Micro-mixing nozzle; 51. Groove; 511. Vent; 6. Swirl; 61. Exhaust hole; 7. Diffuser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing comprises a casing 1, a flame tube 2, a first air inlet pipe 3 and a plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5, the casing 1 is provided with a mounting cavity 13 and an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 communicating with the mounting cavity 13; the flame tube 2 is at least partially disposed in the mounting cavity 13, the flame tube 2 is provided with a discharge cavity 22, and an air collecting cavity 21 is provided in one end of the flame tube 2 adjacent to the air inlet 11, and the flame tube 2 is provided with several There are dry installation channels, which run through the installation cavity 13, the gas collecting cavity 21 and the ejection cavity 22; one end of the first air inlet pipe 3 is connected to the gas collecting cavity 21, and the first air inlet pipe 3 is used to transport fuel gas to the gas collecting cavity 21; each micro-mixing nozzle 5 is installed in a installation channel, and the micro-mixing nozzle 5 includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end is connected to the installation cavity 13, and the air outlet end is connected to the ejection cavity 22, and a groove 51 is provided on the inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle 5, and a vent hole 511 connected to the gas collecting cavity 21 is provided on the bottom wall of the groove 51.

[0039] According to the hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to the embodiment of the present invention, air is introduced through the air inlet 11 of the casing 1. After the air enters the installation cavity 13, it flows to the ejection cavity 22 through a plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5 installed on the flame tube 2. At the same time, fuel gas is introduced into the gas collecting cavity 21 through the first air inlet pipe 3, and a vent 511 is provided on the micro-mixing nozzle 5, so that the fuel gas in the gas collecting cavity 21 can enter the micro-mixing nozzle 5 and mix with the air. The mixed gas will flow to the ejection cavity 22. A groove 51 is provided on the inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle 5. The fuel gas in the gas collecting cavity 21 first enters the groove 51 through the vent 511. When the air flows in the micro-mixing nozzle 5, it passes through the groove 51 and generates a vortex in the groove 51. In this way, the mixing of air and fuel gas is enhanced by the vortex, effectively improving the mixing uniformity, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides. Optionally, the fuel gas is hydrogen. As a representative of clean energy, hydrogen has the advantages of zero carbon emissions, high energy density, and wide sources.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the mounting cavity 13 of the casing 1 first expands and then contracts in the direction from the air inlet 11 toward the air outlet 12. The smaller air inlet 11 helps improve air input efficiency. At the same time, when air first enters the mounting cavity 13, the mounting cavity 13 gradually expands, allowing the air inside to flow smoothly along the inner wall of the mounting cavity 13 toward the air outlet 12, thereby reducing the generation of air vortices in the mounting cavity 13 and improving air output efficiency. When approaching the air outlet 12, the mounting cavity 13 gradually contracts to prevent excessive air diffusion and affect the fuel spraying effect at the air outlet 12.

[0041] Optionally, the bottom of the casing 1 has a fan-shaped structure that diffuses toward the top, that is, the bottom space of the casing 1 is small and gradually expands toward the top. The diffusion combustion method is used to reduce the risk of backfire.

[0042] Exemplarily, the end surface of the flame tube 2 adjacent to the air inlet 11 is flat to better receive air and prevent excessive air from flowing along the outer wall of the flame tube 2, thereby facilitating more air to enter the micro-mixing nozzle 5. Optionally, the flame tube 2 includes a straight section and a tapered section, the straight section adjacent to the air inlet 11, and the tapered section adjacent to the air outlet 12. The diameter of the straight section remains unchanged, while the diameter of the tapered section gradually decreases in the direction adjacent to the air outlet 12. In this way, the mixed fuel gas and air enter the ejection chamber 22 from the micro-mixing nozzle 5, first flow out smoothly through the straight section, and then gradually transition to the tapered section, so that the mixed gas can be ejected in a concentrated manner, avoiding excessive diffusion of the fuel and ensuring the combustion effect.

[0043] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the micro-mixing nozzle 5 can conform to the inner wall of the mounting channel, that is, the outer diameter of the micro-mixing nozzle 5 is adapted to the inner diameter of the mounting channel, so that air can only enter the ejection chamber 22 through the micro-mixing nozzle 5. Of course, the micro-mixing nozzle 5 can also have an interference fit with the mounting channel, which is not limited here. In other embodiments, the micro-mixing nozzle 5 can also form an installation gap with the inner wall of the mounting channel. When forming the installation gap, care should be taken to block the side of the installation gap that connects to the mounting chamber 13, so that the installation gap only connects to the ejection chamber 22, preventing fuel gas from flowing from the gas collecting chamber 21 to the mounting chamber 13.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment, the axial direction of the micro-mixing nozzle 5 is defined as the width direction of the groove 51. The width of the groove 51 should be greater than the diameter of the vent 511 so that the air in the micro-mixing nozzle 5 can generate vortexes when passing through the groove 51. Exemplarily, the diameter of the vent 511 is one-third of the width of the groove 51. In this case, the vent 511 is located in the middle position in the width direction of the groove 51, so that when the fuel gas enters the groove 51 through the vent 511, both sides of the vent 511 in the groove 51 are filled with air, which is conducive to improving the mixing uniformity. It is understandable that if the fuel gas and air are not mixed sufficiently, it is easy to cause the combustion temperature in some areas to be high, generating a large amount of nitrogen oxides. In this way, improving the mixing uniformity of the fuel gas and air can reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the groove 51 is arranged around the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle 5. It is understood that the groove 51 is annular to cover the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle 5, so that the air ejected through the inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle 5 passes through the groove 51, which is conducive to the formation of vortex flow within the groove 51, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of air and fuel gas. Exemplarily, the groove 51 is located at the end of the micro-mixing nozzle 5 adjacent to the ejection chamber 22, that is, the vent 511 is adjacent to the outlet end of the micro-mixing nozzle 5, so that the fuel gas and air can be promptly discharged into the ejection chamber 22 after mixing.

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-mixing nozzle 5 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 511, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle 5. It will be appreciated that the plurality of vent holes 511 can simultaneously convey the fuel gas within the manifold 21 into the micro-mixing nozzle 5, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and air. Exemplarily, the number of vent holes 511 ranges from three to six, spaced apart along the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle 5, and each vent hole 511 communicates with the bottom wall of the groove 51.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen fuel nozzle with concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing includes a swirler 6 and a second air inlet pipe 4. The swirler 6 passes through the flame tube 2 and is provided with a pre-combustion stage exhaust hole 61. The pre-combustion stage exhaust hole 61 is connected to the ejection chamber 22. One end of the second air inlet pipe 4 is connected to the swirler 6, and the second air inlet pipe 4 is used to transport fuel gas into the swirler 6.

[0048] It can be understood that the second air inlet pipe 4 conveys the fuel gas to the swirler 6, and the swirler 6 can discharge the fuel gas directly into the ejection chamber 22 through the pre-combustion stage exhaust hole 61, and the swirler 6 can eject a swirl toward the ejection chamber 22, so that the airflow in the ejection chamber 22 rotates to form a rotating jet. This rotating jet can enhance the turbulence of the airflow, so that the fuel gas airflow and air are better mixed, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of mounting channels are radially distributed around the swirler 6. It is understood that the plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5 are distributed around the swirler 6. Thus, the mixed gas ejected from the plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5 serves as the main combustion stage gas, while the fuel gas ejected from the swirler 6 serves as the pre-combustion stage gas. The swirling gas of the pre-combustion stage can interfere with the flame formed by the main combustion stage gas, accelerating the dissipation of the vortex and changing the vortex shedding frequency, thereby reducing the pulsating pressure amplitude of the main combustion stage flame and improving the stability of the main combustion stage flame.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the end of the first air inlet pipe 3 connected to the flame tube 2 is positioned adjacent to the swirler 6. That is, the fuel gas delivered by the first air inlet pipe 3 is delivered to the gas collecting cavity 21 near the swirler 6. Meanwhile, the plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5 surround the swirler 6, that is, surround the fuel gas output end of the first air inlet pipe 3. This allows the fuel gas to diffuse evenly outward to the plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5. This results in a more uniform distribution of fuel gas across the plurality of micro-mixing nozzles 5, which helps improve the uniformity of fuel gas distribution within the ejection cavity 22.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the flame tube 2 is separated from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 13 to form two flow channels 14. As can be understood, the two flow channels 14 are separated from the ejection cavity 22 of the flame tube 2. Therefore, most of the air entering from the air inlet 11 will pass through the flame tube 2 and enter the ejection cavity 22, while a small portion will enter the two flow channels 14 as cooling air to prevent the outer wall of the casing 1 from overheating.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, two flow channels 14 are arranged around the flame tube 2, so that there is a gap between the flame tube 2 and the outer wall of the casing 1, ensuring that the outer wall of the casing 1 will not overheat.

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen fuel nozzle with a concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing includes a diffuser 7, the diffuser 7 is provided at the air inlet 11, and the diffuser 7 is arranged in a flared shape at one end facing the air outlet 12. It can be understood that the main function of the diffuser 7 is to decelerate the high-speed airflow at the air inlet 11 to reduce the airflow velocity so that combustion can occur stably. By decelerating and boosting, the diffuser 7 increases the pressure of the airflow entering the installation cavity 13, providing sufficient pressure conditions for combustion. In addition, the diffuser 7 can distribute the airflow entering the installation cavity 13 so that the airflow is more evenly distributed inside the installation cavity 13, promote the mixing of fuel and air, and thus improve the combustion efficiency.

[0054] A burner according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes an engine body and the aforementioned hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity-trapped vortex-enhanced mixing, the hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity-trapped vortex-enhanced mixing being disposed on the engine body. The burner according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the aforementioned hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity-trapped vortex-enhanced mixing, and thus has all the technical effects of the aforementioned hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity-trapped vortex-enhanced mixing, which will not be further elaborated here.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and are intended to be encompassed by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel nozzle with a cavity trapped vortex to enhance mixing, characterized in that: include: A casing, the casing being provided with a mounting cavity and an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the mounting cavity; a flame tube, wherein the flame tube is at least partially disposed in the mounting cavity, the flame tube is provided with an ejection cavity, and an air collecting cavity is provided in one end of the flame tube adjacent to the air inlet, and a plurality of mounting channels are provided in the one end of the flame tube adjacent to the air inlet, the mounting channels passing through the mounting cavity, the air collecting cavity and the ejection cavity; a first air intake pipe, one end of which is connected to the gas collecting chamber, and the first air intake pipe is used to transport fuel gas into the gas collecting chamber; A plurality of micro-mixing nozzles, each of which is installed in one of the mounting channels, the micro-mixing nozzle comprising an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end communicating with the mounting cavity, the air outlet end communicating with the ejection cavity, the inner wall of the micro-mixing nozzle being provided with a groove, the bottom wall of the groove being provided with an air vent communicating with the air collecting cavity; The groove is arranged around the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle; The micro-mixing nozzle is provided with a plurality of vent holes, and the plurality of vent holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the micro-mixing nozzle.

2. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing comprises: A swirler, the swirler passes through the flame tube and is provided with a pre-combustion stage exhaust hole, the pre-combustion stage exhaust hole being connected to the ejection chamber; A second air inlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the swirler, and the second air inlet pipe is used to transport fuel gas into the swirler.

3. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the installation channels are radially distributed with the cyclone as the center.

4. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the first air inlet pipe connected to the flame tube is arranged adjacent to the swirler.

5. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame tube and the inner wall of the installation cavity are spaced apart to form two flow channels.

6. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two flow passages are arranged around the flame tube.

7. The hydrogen fuel nozzle with cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel nozzle with trapped vortex enhanced mixing in a concave cavity comprises a diffuser, which is arranged at the air inlet and has an end of the diffuser facing the air outlet in a flared shape.

8. A burner, characterized in that: The invention comprises an engine body and a hydrogen fuel nozzle with a concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hydrogen fuel nozzle with a concave cavity trapped vortex enhanced mixing is arranged on the engine body.

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