Soil viscosity measuring device and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil viscosity measuring device and a measuring method thereof.The measuring device comprises a funnel, a supporting frame, a movable door plate and a steepest curve slideway mechanism, the funnel is installed on the supporting frame, the movable door plate is installed in a funnel hole in the lower end of the funnel, and a flowing hole is formed in the center of the movable door plate; the steepest curve slideway mechanism is correspondingly arranged at the lower end of the flowing hole of the movable door plate; the steepest curve slide way mechanism comprises a vertical plate, a steepest curve slide way is arranged on the upper end face of the vertical plate, and a slide way groove is formed in the steepest curve slide way in the sliding degree direction; soil is placed in the funnel and flows into the slideway groove of the steepest curve slideway through the flowing hole of the movable door plate. The measuring device disclosed by the invention can be used for accurately measuring soil with different properties and different viscosities. The measuring method is easy to master by measuring personnel, errors caused by improper operation are reduced, and the measuring method can be conveniently used in different field environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil viscosity measurement, and in particular to a soil viscosity measuring device and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil viscosity has an important impact on the growth environment of shellfish. Appropriate soil viscosity can provide a stable habitat for shellfish. For example, burrowing shellfish such as clams prefer to live in sandy soil with moderate viscosity. Soil with higher viscosity can better fix shellfish in it, preventing them from being easily washed away or displaced by natural factors such as water flow, wind and waves, and providing a relatively stable space for their growth and survival.

[0003] By measuring soil viscosity, we can better judge the growth stage of shellfish. Because soil viscosity changes as shellfish grow. For example, shellfish secrete some substances during growth, which may change the composition and physical properties of the surrounding soil, thereby affecting soil viscosity. When the soil viscosity reaches a certain value, it may mean that the shellfish has grown to the best harvest period. This helps fishermen or farmers to accurately arrange the harvest time, avoid harvesting too early or too late, and thus improve the yield and quality of shellfish.

[0004] The common viscosity measurement method for fluid soil is to use a capillary viscometer. The capillary viscometer allows the soil sample to flow in the capillary and calculates the viscosity based on factors such as the flow rate and pressure difference of the fluid in the capillary. However, when using a capillary viscometer to measure high-viscosity soils that contain a lot of large particles or are uneven, the capillary viscometer will become blocked, affecting the normal test.

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, a soil viscosity measuring device and a measuring method thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a soil viscosity measuring device that can accurately measure soils of different properties and viscosities.

[0007] The present invention also provides a measuring method of the soil viscosity measuring device, which is easy for measuring personnel to master, reduces errors introduced due to improper operation, and is convenient for use in different on-site environments.

[0008] The present invention solves the technical problem by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A soil viscosity measuring device comprises a funnel, a support frame, a movable door plate and a fastest curve slide mechanism, wherein the funnel is mounted on the support frame, a movable door plate is mounted in a funnel hole at the lower end of the funnel, a flow hole is formed in the center of the movable door plate, and the fastest curve slide mechanism is placed corresponding to the lower end of the flow hole of the movable door plate;

[0010] The fastest curve slide mechanism comprises a vertical plate, the upper surface of which is provided with a fastest curve slide, and the fastest curve slide is provided with a slide groove along the sliding direction;

[0011] Soil is placed in the funnel, and the soil flows into the slideway groove of the fastest curve slideway through the flow holes of the movable door plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a bracket is formed at the upper end of the support frame, a funnel is placed on the bracket, a base is formed at the lower end of the support frame, and the fastest curve slide mechanism is located at the center of the base.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable door panel is replaced according to soils of different viscosities.

[0014] Furthermore, the funnel is a conical funnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the bracket is a U-shaped bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, the base is a U-shaped base.

[0017] Furthermore, the fastest curved slideway and the slideway groove are both arc-shaped.

[0018] A soil viscosity measuring device and a measuring method, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Measurement preparation:

[0020] S1.1 Clean the fastest curve slide and slide groove;

[0021] S1.2 Place soil in a container;

[0022] S1.3 Measure the density of the soil in S1.2 using a densitometer and record the density ρ;

[0023] S2. Measurement and timing records:

[0024] S2.1 Pour the soil into the funnel;

[0025] S2.2 When the soil flows from the flow hole of the movable door plate installed in the funnel hole at the lower end of the funnel into the slide groove of the fastest curve slide, the stopwatch timer is used for timing; when the soil flows to the end point of the slide groove of the fastest curve slide, the timing is stopped and the time t is recorded;

[0026] S3, repeat S1 and S2 to measure the soil 5-10 times, and record the time t;

[0027] S4. Data processing and calculation:

[0028] S 4.1 The viscosity formula is based on the dynamic equilibrium equation and the viscous resistance of the soil. Through the dynamic equilibrium equation, the gravitational potential energy of the soil is converted into kinetic energy to overcome the viscous resistance f:

[0029] f 粘性 = ρgh

[0030] Among them, ρ is density, g is gravitational acceleration, h is height difference,

[0031] The viscous resistance f is expressed by Stokes' formula:

[0032] f 粘性 =6πηrv

[0033] Combining the equilibrium relationship and arc length L, the viscosity formula is obtained:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, η is viscosity, ρ is density, g is gravitational acceleration, h is height difference, r is radius of curvature, and V is mean flow rate;

[0036] According to the soil flowing from the flow hole of the movable door plate installed in the bucket hole at the lower end of the funnel into the end point of the slideway groove of the fastest curve slideway, the measurement data is as follows: Gravitational acceleration: g = 9.81m / s 2 ; Height difference: h = 0.1m; Radius of curvature: r = 0.1m; Arc length: L = 0.2m; The simplified expression is:

[0037]

[0038] S4.2 Calculate the flow velocity v~=L / t≈20 / t (unit: m / s) of each soil flow by recording the time t and the length L of the groove of the fastest curve slideway. Record the flow velocity v~ and calculate the average flow velocity v. Substitute the average flow velocity v and density ρ into the formula:

[0039]

[0040] The soil viscosity is obtained and the measurement is completed.

[0041] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0042] 1. The funnel of the present invention is a conical funnel. The adhesion of soil in the conical funnel is reduced, and the soil is gathered downward, which is convenient for measurement. In addition, the conical funnel can better collect soil and reduce soil sticking to the outer wall.

[0043] 2. The present invention can replace the movable door panels with different calibers for soils with different viscosities, thereby qualitatively measuring the viscosity of different soils.

[0044] 3. The present invention utilizes the potential energy change of the fastest curve arc to detect the flow effect of soil cohesion on the slideway groove of the fastest curve slideway, thereby qualitatively measuring the viscosity of different soils.

[0045] 4. The arc shape of the fastest curved slideway and the slideway groove of the present invention enables the soil to reach the end point faster under the action of gravity. In viscosity measurement, measurement data can be obtained faster, improving measurement efficiency. It is particularly suitable for situations where it is necessary to quickly obtain an approximate viscosity value or conduct preliminary screening of a large number of samples.

[0046] 5. Due to the unique geometric characteristics of the fastest curve slideway and the slideway groove, the movement trajectory and speed change of the soil in the slideway groove are predictable and stable. Compared with some other irregular or unstable measurement methods, this stability helps to more accurately measure parameters such as the time of passing through the slideway, thereby more accurately calculating the viscosity of the soil.

[0047] 6. Generally, when using the fastest curve slide for viscosity measurement, a large amount of soil samples is not required to fill the measuring device. This advantage is particularly important for some precious, rare or difficult to obtain samples, and viscosity measurement can be achieved while saving samples.

[0048] 7. The structure of the fastest curve slideway mechanism of the present invention is simple, and does not require complex mechanical devices or high-precision processing technology to manufacture, which reduces the cost and complexity of the measuring equipment. At the same time, it is easy to operate, and the measuring personnel can easily master the measuring method and operation process, which reduces the error introduced by improper operation and is more convenient to use in different field environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil viscosity measuring device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a front view of the soil viscosity measuring device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the soil viscosity measuring device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a right side view of the soil viscosity measuring device of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 A top view of a soil viscosity measuring device according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6A bottom view of the soil viscosity measuring device of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the movable door plate structure of the soil viscosity measuring device of the present invention;

[0056] In the figure:

[0057] 1-funnel, 2-support frame, 4-bracket, 5-base, 6-movable door plate, 7-flow hole, 8-fastest curve slide mechanism, 9-vertical plate, 10-fastest curve slide, 11-slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples. The following examples are only illustrative and not restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a soil viscosity measuring device comprises a funnel 1, a support frame 2, a movable gate plate 6 and a fastest curve slide mechanism 8, wherein the funnel 1 is mounted on the support frame 2, and the movable gate plate 6 is mounted in the funnel hole at the lower end of the funnel 1, and a flow hole 7 is formed in the center of the movable gate plate 6, and the fastest curve slide mechanism 8 is placed corresponding to the lower end of the flow hole 7 of the movable gate plate 6; the fastest curve slide mechanism 8 comprises a vertical plate 9, and a fastest curve slide 10 is formed on the upper end surface of the vertical plate 9, and a slide groove 11 is formed on the fastest curve slide 10 along the sliding direction; soil is placed in the funnel 1, and the soil flows into the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10 through the flow hole 7 of the movable gate plate 6.

[0060] A bracket 4 is formed at the upper end of the support frame 2, and a funnel 1 is placed on the bracket 4. A base is formed at the lower end of the support frame 2, and a fastest curve slide mechanism 8 is located at the center of the base.

[0061] The movable door panel 6 is replaced according to soils of different viscosities; the funnel 1 is a conical funnel 1; the bracket 4 is a U-shaped bracket 4; the base is a U-shaped base; the fastest curved slide 10 and the slide groove 11 are both arc-shaped.

[0062] A soil viscosity measuring device and a measuring method, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. Measurement preparation:

[0064] S1.1 Clean the fastest curve slideway 10 and the slideway groove 11; ensure that the surfaces of the fastest curve slideway 10 and the slideway groove 11 are smooth and free of impurities to avoid friction affecting the measurement;

[0065] S1.2 Place soil in a container;

[0066] S1.3 Measure the density of the soil in S1.2 using a densitometer and record the density ρ;

[0067] S2. Measurement and timing records:

[0068] S2.1 Pour the soil into the funnel 1;

[0069] S2.2 When the soil flows from the flow hole 7 of the movable door plate 6 installed in the bucket hole at the lower end of the funnel 1 into the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10, the stopwatch timer is used for timing; when the soil flows to the end of the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10, the timing is stopped and the time t is recorded; when pouring the soil, it is necessary to ensure that the soil can be evenly and stably injected into the highest point of the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10 to avoid interruption, blockage or uneven liquid flow;

[0070] S3, repeat S1 and S2 to measure the soil 5-10 times, and record the time t to improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results;

[0071] S4. Data processing and calculation:

[0072] S 4.1 The viscosity formula is based on the dynamic equilibrium equation and the viscous resistance of the soil. Through the dynamic equilibrium equation, the gravitational potential energy of the soil is converted into kinetic energy to overcome the viscous resistance f:

[0073] f 粘性 = ρgh

[0074] Among them, ρ is density, g is gravitational acceleration, h is height difference,

[0075] The viscous resistance f is expressed by Stokes' formula:

[0076] f 粘性 =6πηrv

[0077] Combining the equilibrium relationship and arc length L, the viscosity formula is obtained:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, η is viscosity, ρ is density, g is gravitational acceleration, h is height difference, r is radius of curvature, and V is mean flow rate;

[0080] According to the soil flowing from the flow hole 7 of the movable gate plate 6 installed in the bucket hole at the lower end of the funnel 1 into the end point of the slideway groove 11 of the fastest curved slideway 10, the measurement data is as follows: Gravitational acceleration: g = 9.81 m / s 2 ; Height difference: h = 0.1m; Radius of curvature: r = 0.1m; Arc length: L = 0.2m; The simplified expression is:

[0081]

[0082] S4.2 By recording the time t and the length L of the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10, calculate the flow velocity v~=L / t≈20 / t (unit: m / s) of each soil flow, record the flow velocity v~, and calculate the average flow velocity v, substitute the average flow velocity v and density ρ into the formula:

[0083]

[0084] The soil viscosity is obtained and the measurement is completed.

[0085] Soil flow often occurs under the action of gravity. Gravity, as a driving force for soil flow, is related to density ρ, gravitational acceleration g, and height difference h. Here, h can be understood as the effective height difference corresponding to the flow trend of the fluid due to gravity in a specific flow scenario. For example, in an inclined pipe, it may be the vertical height difference along the inclination direction of the pipe. By multiplying the ρgh part, we can roughly measure the driving force corresponding to the change in gravitational potential energy per unit volume of soil under this height difference.

[0086] When the soil flows in the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10, it will be hindered by the viscous force, which is a force related to the viscous properties of the soil itself. The viscosity formula constructs an expression related to the viscous force through a combination of other parameters (such as channel radius R, flow path length L, flow velocity v, etc.) and some constants (such as 6π), thereby forming a balanced relationship with the gravity driving force mentioned above. Specifically, the viscous force is closely related to the viscosity coefficient of the soil, and the purpose of the viscosity formula is to infer the viscosity coefficient through other known measurable parameters.

[0087] The viscosity formula introduces two important geometric parameters: channel radius R and flow path length L. Channel radius R has an important influence on the resistance of fluid flow. Generally speaking, a smaller radius will make the contact area between the fluid and the channel wall relatively larger, so the influence of viscosity will be more significant. The flow path length L reflects the distance that the soil needs to overcome the viscosity during the flow process. A longer flow path means that the fluid needs to continue to be hindered by the viscosity over a longer distance. These two geometric parameters play a key role in describing the specific situation of fluid flow and determining the magnitude of the viscosity.

[0088] The average flow velocity v is also a key parameter, which reflects the speed of the fluid flow. Different flow velocities will result in different flow states inside the fluid and interactions with the channel walls. In the viscosity formula, the flow velocity works together with other parameters to determine the viscosity coefficient through the balance relationship with the gravitational driving force and the viscous force.

[0089] From the perspective of physics, the driving force and resistance of soil should be balanced when it is in a stable flow state. In the scenario considered by the viscosity formula, gravity is the main driving force, while viscosity is the main resistance. By rationally analyzing the relationship between these two forces and other related parameters (such as density, device size, flow rate, etc.), the viscosity formula is constructed to calculate the viscosity coefficient, which is in line with the basic physical principle of force balance.

[0090] In many actual engineering and natural phenomena, the flow path of soil is often curved rather than straight, and the fastest curve slide mechanism 8 can simulate this curved flow to a certain extent. By measuring the viscosity of the soil in the slide groove 11 of the fastest curve slide 10, the viscosity characteristics of the soil under complex flow conditions can be understood more realistically, providing more valuable reference data for practical applications such as engineering design and fluid transmission.

[0091] Glycerin and clay are measured respectively by a soil viscosity measuring device and a measuring method of a soil viscosity measuring device:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] Feasibility analysis of each set of data:

[0095] Glycerin data: The combination of density, speed and viscosity for each set of glycerin data is reasonable. According to the measurement formula, when the density is fixed, the speed and viscosity show the expected inverse relationship. When the speed changes slightly, the viscosity also changes accordingly, which is consistent with the basic physical properties of viscous fluids. Moreover, the difference between each set of data is relatively small, indicating that the error in the measurement process is well controlled, making each set of glycerin data highly feasible and can be used to analyze the viscosity characteristics of glycerin under this soil viscosity measurement device.

[0096] From the repeatability of multiple groups of glycerol data, the data of glycerol 3, 4, and 5 are exactly the same, which further verifies that the soil viscosity measurement device can repeatedly obtain reliable measurement results under the same conditions. Even if glycerol 1 and glycerol 2 are slightly different from the other groups of data, they are within a reasonable fluctuation range. This may be caused by some small measurement operation differences or measurement errors, which does not affect the feasibility of the overall data.

[0097] Clay data: The combination of density, speed and viscosity for each set of clay data is also reasonable. The density of clay is fixed, and there is an inverse relationship between speed and viscosity, that is, when the speed is slower, the viscosity is higher. This relationship is consistent with the high viscosity of clay itself and also conforms to the laws of physics. Although the viscosity value of clay is high, the fluctuation of speed and viscosity data is small when measured by the soil viscosity measuring device, indicating that the soil viscosity measuring device can effectively measure the relevant characteristics of clay, a highly viscous material.

[0098] From the perspective of data repeatability, the repeatability of clay data is also good. Most clay samples have the same speed and viscosity, only clay 4 has a slightly lower speed, resulting in a slightly higher viscosity, but this difference is still within a reasonable range, which may be due to the different initial state of the sample on the slide or other minor factors in this measurement. In general, each set of clay data is feasible and can be used to analyze the viscosity performance of clay in the soil viscosity measurement device.

[0099] Stability analysis of soil viscosity measurement device:

[0100] Glycerol: The velocity data of glycerol fluctuated between 0.019m / s-0.021m / s, and the viscosity data varied between 1560cp-1724cp. Most of the glycerol samples (glycerol 3, 4, 5) had the same velocity and the corresponding viscosity, which indicated that the soil viscosity measuring device could repeat similar measurement results to a certain extent when measuring glycerol multiple times. The small fluctuations in velocity and viscosity data may be caused by some minor unavoidable factors in the measurement process, such as slight differences in the placement of the sample at the start of the slide, the influence of the microscopic roughness of the slide surface, etc., but this fluctuation range is relatively small and within a reasonable range, indicating that the soil viscosity measuring device has good stability when measuring the velocity and viscosity of glycerol.

[0101] Clay: The velocity range of clay is 0.009m / s-0.010m / s, and the viscosity range is 3276cp-3640cp. The fluctuations of velocity and viscosity data are also small, and there is a relatively regular correspondence between the velocity and viscosity of clay. This shows that the soil viscosity measuring device can also stably measure the movement speed of clay, a relatively more viscous material, on the slide, and calculate the corresponding viscosity according to the formula. The stability of clay velocity and viscosity data shows that the soil viscosity measuring device can maintain a certain degree of reliability when dealing with fluid materials of different viscosities.

[0102] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A soil viscosity measuring device, characterized in that: It includes a funnel, a support frame, a movable door plate and a fastest curve slide mechanism. The funnel is installed on the support frame. The movable door plate is installed in the funnel hole at the lower end of the funnel. A flow hole is formed in the center of the movable door plate. The fastest curve slide mechanism is placed corresponding to the lower end of the flow hole of the movable door plate. The fastest curve slide mechanism comprises a vertical plate, the upper surface of which is provided with a fastest curve slide, and the fastest curve slide is provided with a slide groove along the sliding direction; Soil is placed in the funnel, and the soil flows into the slideway groove of the fastest curve slideway through the flow holes of the movable door plate.

2. The soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket is formed at the upper end of the support frame, a funnel is placed on the bracket, a base is formed at the lower end of the support frame, and the fastest curve slideway mechanism is located at the center of the base.

3. The soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable door panel is replaced according to soils of different viscosities.

4. The soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The funnel is a conical funnel.

5. The soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is a U-shaped bracket.

6. The soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is a U-shaped base.

7. The soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastest curved slideway and the slideway groove are both arc-shaped.

8. The measuring method of the soil viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Measurement preparation: S1.1 Clean the fastest curve slide and the groove of the slide; S1.2 Place soil in a container; S1.3 Measure the density of the soil in S1.2 using a densitometer and record the density ρ; S2. Measurement and timing records: S2.1 Pour the soil into the funnel; S2.2 When the soil flows from the flow hole of the movable door plate installed in the funnel hole at the lower end of the funnel into the slide groove of the fastest curve slide, the stopwatch timer is used for timing; when the soil flows to the end point of the slide groove of the fastest curve slide, the timing is stopped and the time t is recorded; S3, repeat S1 and S2 to measure the soil 5-10 times, and record the time t; S4. Data processing and calculation: S 4.1 The viscosity formula is based on the dynamic equilibrium equation and the viscous resistance of the soil. Through the dynamic equilibrium equation, the gravitational potential energy of the soil is converted into kinetic energy to overcome the viscous resistance f: f 粘性 =ρgh Among them, ρ is density, g is gravitational acceleration, h is height difference, The viscous resistance f is expressed by Stokes' formula: f 粘性 =6πrv Combining the equilibrium relationship and arc length L, the viscosity formula is obtained: Among them, η is viscosity, ρ is density, g is gravitational acceleration, h is height difference, r is radius of curvature, and V is mean flow rate; According to the soil flowing from the flow hole of the movable door plate installed in the bucket hole at the lower end of the funnel into the end point of the slideway groove of the fastest curve slideway, the measurement data is as follows: Gravitational acceleration: g = 9.81m / s 2 ; Height difference: h = 0.1m; Radius of curvature: r = 0.1m; Arc length: L = 0.2m; The simplified expression is: S4.2 Calculate the flow velocity v~=L / t≈20 / t (unit: m / s) of each soil flow by recording the time t and the length L of the groove of the fastest curve slideway. Record the flow velocity v~ and calculate the average flow velocity v. Substitute the average flow velocity v and density ρ into the formula: The soil viscosity is obtained and the measurement is completed.

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