A combustion experimental device for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a combustion experimental device for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuel and a working method thereof. The device comprises an inner tube, a first channel is formed in the inner tube, a plurality of injection holes are arranged at the exit end of the first channel, a first inclined structure is arranged at the end of the inner tube, and the injection holes penetrate through to the outer surface of the first inclined structure; an outer tube is sleeved outside the inner tube, a second channel is reserved between the outer tube and the inner tube; a cyclone separator is detachably installed on the inner tube and the outer tube; and an inner tube sleeve and an outer tube sleeve are both detachably installed on the cyclone separator. Through the detachable connection mode, the cyclone separator, the inner tube sleeve and the outer tube sleeve can be replaced according to the experimental purpose; meanwhile, the device can switch the supply mode of fuel and air. Finally, the key variables of the cyclone structure, the nozzle structure and the mixing mode can be changed, and then the combustion characteristics under the variable structure parameters can be researched. The application relates to the technical field of new energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a combustion experimental device and its working method for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels. Background Technology

[0002] Zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuel storage has demonstrated unique advantages in renewable energy consumption and power system stability. These zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels mainly include hydrogen, ammonia, biofuels, and CO2-based synthetic fuels. Among them, hydrogen and ammonia are zero-carbon fuels, while biofuels and CO2-based synthetic fuels are carbon-neutral fuels. They have great application prospects in industrial fields such as gas turbines, gas-fired boilers, coal-fired boilers, industrial kilns, and internal combustion engines. However, zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels differ significantly from conventional fuels in their physicochemical properties, such as in fuel activity and elemental composition. Combustion of these fuels faces severe challenges, including deterioration in combustion stability and a significant increase in pollutant emissions. Therefore, they cannot be directly utilized within the existing combustion technology framework, and burners suitable for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels need to be developed.

[0003] To achieve this goal, it is first necessary to conduct in-depth research on the influence of burner structural parameters on the combustion characteristics of zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, thereby providing theoretical support and experimental data for burner design. Among various burner structures, swirlers, combustion nozzles, and fuel-air mixing modes are key factors affecting flow mixing and combustion characteristics. Swirler parameters, mainly including the installation angle, number, and thickness of the swirler blades, influence the recirculation region, recirculation intensity, turbulence intensity, flame size, flame stability, and pollutant formation rate. The geometry of the combustion nozzle controls the direction and velocity of the combustible jet, as well as the residence time in the combustion zone, affecting the flame morphology, stable position, and pollutant formation rate. Fuel-air mixing modes, including partial premixing and complete premixing, affect the concentration distribution, temperature distribution, and NOx formation of the fuel in the reaction zone. It is urgent to understand the combustion laws of zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels under varying structural parameters.

[0004] However, existing swirling combustion experimental devices are mainly based on integrated structural design, making it difficult to adjust the structural parameters of each part to analyze the influence of different structural parameters on combustion characteristics, which is not conducive to related combustion research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, which allows for parameter adjustments to key structural components of the burner to facilitate relevant combustion research.

[0006] This application also proposes a method for operating the aforementioned combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels.

[0007] A combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to a first aspect embodiment of this application includes:

[0008] The inner tube has a first channel inside, and the exit end of the first channel is provided with a number of nozzles. The end of the inner tube is provided with a first inclined structure, and the nozzles penetrate to the outer surface of the first inclined structure.

[0009] An outer tube is fitted over the inner tube, and a second channel is reserved between the outer tube and the inner tube;

[0010] A hydrocyclone, which is detachably installed in a second channel between the inner tube and the outer tube, is provided with a plurality of swirling blades;

[0011] An inner sleeve is detachably mounted on the inner hub of the hydrocyclone and disposed at the exit end of the second channel, and the end of the inner sleeve is provided with a second inclined structure.

[0012] An outer sleeve, which is detachably mounted on the outer hub of the hydrocyclone and disposed at the exit end of the second channel, has a third inclined structure at its end;

[0013] The second channel includes a direct current section, a swirling section, and a turning section. The swirling device is disposed in the swirling section. The gap between the first inclined structure, the second inclined structure, and the third inclined structure constitutes the turning section of the second channel, i.e., the nozzle structure.

[0014] The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: by adopting a detachable connection, the cyclone separator, inner sleeve, and outer sleeve can all be replaced according to the experimental purpose; at the same time, different air intake mixing modes can be switched. Therefore, by changing the specific parameters of the burner structure, it can be used to study the combustion characteristics under different structural parameters.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the nozzles are radially distributed around the first channel.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the diameters of the first inclined structure, the second inclined structure, and the third inclined structure all gradually decrease along the airflow direction in the second channel.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the outer wall of the inner tube is provided with a first step, which can abut against the lower end of the inner hub of the cyclone separator for limiting.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the inner wall of the outer tube is provided with a second step, which can abut against the lower end of the outer hub of the cyclone separator for limiting.

[0019] According to some embodiments of this application, the inner sleeve can abut against the upper end of the inner hub of the cyclone separator for positioning.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, the outer sleeve can abut against the upper end of the outer hub of the cyclone separator for positioning.

[0021] According to some embodiments of this application, an air inlet is provided on the side of the outer tube, and the air inlet is connected to the second channel to guide gas into the second channel.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels further includes a base plate, and both the inner tube and the outer tube are mounted on the base plate.

[0023] The working method according to the second aspect of this application, for the above-described combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, includes the following steps:

[0024] The hydrocyclone is installed on the inner tube and the outer tube;

[0025] Install the inner tube sleeve onto the inner hub of the hydrocyclone;

[0026] The outer tube sleeve is installed onto the outer hub of the hydrocyclone.

[0027] Fuel is supplied to the first channel and air is supplied to the second channel to form a partially premixed mode; or no fuel is supplied to the first channel, and a mixture of air and fuel is supplied to the second channel to form a fully premixed mode.

[0028] In the second channel, the gas passes through the cyclone separator to form a rotating airflow;

[0029] The rotating airflow flows to the turning section (i.e., the nozzle) of the second channel and is finally ejected, where it is combusted to obtain a flame;

[0030] In summary, by disassembling and replacing the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, and the swirler with different geometric features, and by switching the above-mentioned fuel-air mixing method, combustion experiments can be conducted on key parameters such as variable swirling structure, nozzle structure, and mixing mode.

[0031] The working method according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: it is possible to switch different fuel-air mixing modes by replacing cyclones, inner sleeves and outer sleeves with different structures, so as to test the influence of different structural parameters on combustion characteristics.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions disclosed in this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments disclosed in this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions disclosed in this application.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to a first aspect embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the inner tube in the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to the first aspect of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the outer tube in the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to the first aspect of this application.

[0037] Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of a cyclone separator in a combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to a first aspect embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the inner sleeve in the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to the first aspect of this application.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the outer sleeve in the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to the first aspect of this application;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the base plate in the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to the first aspect of this application.

[0041] Reference numerals: 100-inner tube, 110-first channel, 120-nozzle, 130-first inclined structure, 140-first step, 200-outer tube, 210-second step, 220-air inlet, 300-second channel, 400-cyclone separator, 500-inner tube sleeve, 510-second inclined structure, 600-outer tube sleeve, 610-third inclined structure, 700-base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0044] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0045] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0046] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0047] Zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuel storage has demonstrated unique advantages in renewable energy consumption and power system stability. These zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels mainly include hydrogen, ammonia, biofuels, and CO2-based synthetic fuels. Among them, hydrogen and ammonia are zero-carbon fuels, while biofuels and CO2-based synthetic fuels are carbon-neutral fuels. They have great application prospects in industrial fields such as gas turbines, gas-fired boilers, coal-fired boilers, industrial kilns, and internal combustion engines. However, zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels differ significantly from conventional fuels in their physicochemical properties, such as in fuel activity and elemental composition. Combustion of these fuels faces severe challenges, including deterioration in combustion stability and a significant increase in pollutant emissions. Therefore, they cannot be directly utilized within the existing combustion technology framework, and burners suitable for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels need to be developed.

[0048] To achieve this goal, it is first necessary to conduct in-depth research on the influence of burner structural parameters on the combustion characteristics of zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, thereby providing theoretical support and experimental data for burner design. Among various burner structures, swirlers, combustion nozzles, and fuel-air mixing modes are key factors affecting flow mixing and combustion characteristics. Swirler parameters, mainly including the installation angle, number, and thickness of the swirler blades, influence the recirculation region, recirculation intensity, turbulence intensity, flame size, flame stability, and pollutant formation rate. The geometry of the combustion nozzle controls the direction, velocity, and residence time of the combustible jet, affecting the flame morphology, stable position, and pollutant formation rate. Fuel-air mixing modes, including fully premixed, partially premixed, and non-premixed, affect the concentration distribution, temperature distribution, and NOx formation of the fuel in the reaction zone. It is urgent to understand the combustion laws of zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels under varying structural parameters.

[0049] However, existing swirling combustion experimental devices are mainly based on integrated structural design, making it difficult to adjust the structural parameters of each part to analyze the impact of different parameters on the combustion effect, which is not conducive to related combustion research.

[0050] In response, this application proposes a combustion experimental device for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels. By adopting a detachable connection method, the cyclone separator 400, inner sleeve 500 and outer sleeve 600 can all be replaced according to the experimental purpose, thereby changing the specific parameters of the burner structure and verifying the combustion of the burner flame under different structures.

[0051] In addition, this application also proposes a working method for the above-mentioned combustion test apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, which can test the combustion characteristics under different structural parameters by replacing the cyclone separator 400, inner sleeve 500 and outer sleeve 600 with different structures.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels in the first aspect embodiment of this application includes an inner tube 100, an outer tube 200, a cyclone separator 400, an inner tube sleeve 500, an outer tube sleeve 600, and a base plate 700. The inner tube 100 and outer tube 200 together constitute the main fixed structure of this combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, and are mounted on the base plate 700. The cyclone separator 400, inner tube sleeve 500, and outer tube sleeve 600 are variable structures of this apparatus and can be replaced by disassembly.

[0053] Specifically, the inner tube 100 has a first channel 110 inside, one end of which is an outlet end, and several nozzles 120 are provided at the outlet end. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The end of the inner tube 100 is provided with a first inclined structure 130, and the nozzle 120 extends through to the outer surface of the first inclined structure 130, so that the airflow in the first channel 110 can be ejected outward through the nozzle 120.

[0054] The outer tube 200 is fitted over the inner tube 100, and a second channel 300 is provided between the outer tube 200 and the inner tube 100 to guide gas flow. (Refer to...) Figure 3 An air inlet 220 is provided on the side of the outer tube 200. The air inlet 220 is connected to the second channel 300 to guide the gas into the second channel 300.

[0055] The hydrocyclone 400 is detachably installed within the second channel 300 between the inner tube 100 and the outer tube 200. (Refer to...) Figure 4 The cyclone separator 400 is equipped with multiple swirl blades, which form a rotating airflow when the airflow passes through.

[0056] The inner sleeve 500 is detachably mounted on the hydrocyclone 400. Specifically, the inner sleeve 500 abuts against the upper end of the inner hub of the hydrocyclone 400. (Refer to...) Figure 5 The end of the inner tube sleeve 500 is provided with a second inclined structure 510, which is connected to the first inclined structure 130.

[0057] The outer sleeve 600 is detachably mounted on the hydrocyclone 400. Specifically, the outer sleeve 600 abuts against the upper end of the outer hub of the hydrocyclone 400. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The end of the outer sleeve 600 is provided with a third inclined structure 610.

[0058] It is worth noting that the second channel 300 includes a direct current section, a swirling section, and a turning section. The swirler 400 is disposed in the swirling section, and the gap between the first inclined structure 130, the second inclined structure 510, and the third inclined structure 610 constitutes the turning section of the second channel 300, i.e., the combustion nozzle structure, for injecting airflow.

[0059] Specifically, there are multiple nozzles 120, all of which are radially distributed around the first channel 110, so that the gas in the first channel 110 can be uniformly ejected into the second channel 300.

[0060] Furthermore, the diameters of the first inclined structure 130, the second inclined structure 510, and the third inclined structure 610 all gradually decrease along the airflow direction in the second channel 300, forming a specific tapering flow channel.

[0061] Furthermore, the outer wall of the inner tube 100 is provided with a first step 140, which can abut against the lower end of the inner hub of the hydrocyclone 400 for limiting. The inner wall of the outer tube 200 is provided with a second step 210 to abut against the lower end of the outer hub of the hydrocyclone 400.

[0062] Furthermore, the inner sleeve 500 can abut against the upper end of the inner hub of the hydrocyclone 400 for limiting its position. The outer sleeve 600 can abut against the upper end of the outer hub of the hydrocyclone 400 for limiting its position.

[0063] In this combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, the inner tube 100, outer tube 200, cyclone separator 400, inner tube sleeve 500, outer tube sleeve 600, and base plate 700 are coaxial.

[0064] A method for operating a combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, as described in the second aspect of this application, includes the following steps:

[0065] S100. Install the hydrocyclone 400 onto the inner tube 100 and the outer tube 200;

[0066] S200. Install the inner tube sleeve 500 onto the inner hub of the hydrocyclone 400;

[0067] S300. The outer tube 200 is fitted onto the outside of the inner tube 100;

[0068] S400. Install the outer sleeve 600 onto the outer hub of the hydrocyclone 400;

[0069] S500. Fuel is supplied to the first channel 110 and air is supplied to the second channel 300 to form a partial mixing mode; or the first channel 110 does not supply fuel, and the mixture of air and fuel is introduced into the second channel 300 to form a fully premixed mode.

[0070] In the second channel 300 of S600, the gas passes through the swirler 400 to form a rotating airflow, which is used to stabilize the flame;

[0071] S700. The rotating airflow flows to the turning section of the second channel 300 and is finally ejected, where it is combusted to obtain a flame;

[0072] By replacing different swirlers 400, inner sleeves 500, and outer sleeves 600, and switching the fuel and air supply methods, key combustion variables such as changing swirling structures, nozzle structures, and mixing modes can be obtained.

[0073] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels, characterized in that, include: The inner tube has a first channel inside, and the exit end of the first channel is provided with a number of nozzles. The end of the inner tube is provided with a first inclined structure, and the nozzles penetrate to the outer surface of the first inclined structure. An outer tube is fitted over the inner tube, and a second channel is reserved between the outer tube and the inner tube; A hydrocyclone, which is detachably installed in the second channel, is provided with a plurality of swirling blades; An inner sleeve is detachably mounted on the inner hub of the hydrocyclone and disposed at the exit end of the second channel, and the end of the inner sleeve is provided with a second inclined structure. An outer sleeve, which is detachably mounted on the outer hub of the hydrocyclone and disposed at the exit end of the second channel, has a third inclined structure at its end; The second channel includes a direct current section, a swirling section, and a turning section. The swirling device is disposed in the swirling section. The gap between the first inclined structure, the second inclined structure, and the third inclined structure constitutes the turning section of the second channel, i.e., the nozzle structure.

2. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzles are arranged radially around the first channel.

3. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the first inclined structure, the second inclined structure, and the third inclined structure all gradually decrease along the airflow direction in the second channel.

4. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner tube is provided with a first step, which can abut against the lower end of the inner hub of the cyclone separator for limiting.

5. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer tube is provided with a second step, which can abut against the lower end of the outer hub of the cyclone separator for limiting.

6. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner sleeve can abut against the upper end of the inner hub of the cyclone separator for positioning.

7. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer sleeve can abut against the upper end of the outer hub of the hydrocyclone for positioning.

8. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet is provided on the side of the outer tube, and the air inlet is connected to the second channel to guide gas into the second channel.

9. The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels also includes a base plate, to which both the inner tube and the outer tube are mounted.

10. A method of operating the combustion experimental apparatus for zero-carbon and carbon-neutral fuels as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The hydrocyclone is installed on the inner tube and the outer tube; Install the inner tube sleeve onto the inner hub of the hydrocyclone; The outer tube sleeve is installed on the outer hub of the hydrocyclone; Fuel is supplied to the first channel and air is supplied to the second channel to form a partially premixed mode; or fuel is not supplied to the first channel, and a mixture of air and fuel is introduced into the second channel to form a fully premixed mode. In the second channel, the gas passes through the cyclone separator to form a rotating airflow; The rotating airflow flows to the turning section of the second channel and is finally ejected, where it is combusted to obtain a flame; In summary, by disassembling and replacing the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, and the swirler with different geometric features, and by switching the above-mentioned fuel-air mixing method, combustion experiments can be conducted on key parameters such as variable swirling structure, nozzle structure, and mixing mode.

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