Basin marine facies stratum lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction method based on structure-deposition coupling

Abstract

The invention discloses a basin marine facies stratum lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction method based on structure-deposition coupling. The method mainly solves the problem that the existing method is difficult to realize comprehensive multi-factor quantitative reconstruction of the paleogeography of the basin marine facies stratum. The method comprises the following steps: based on plate structure, geotectonic geology, sedimentary rock lithology, sequence stratigraphy and geochemistry as guidance, fully applying basic geological data, and adopting the means of a balanced profile technology, macro-micro combination, spectral analysis and rock core homing, well-seismic combination, single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method to determine a key unconformity interface; the method comprises the following steps: recovering a basin prototype base, determining basin properties and a source-sink system, establishing a sequence division scheme, constructing a basin structural evolution mode and a sedimentary evolution mode, and further reconstructing lithofacies paleogeography of a basin marine facies stratum of each sequence. According to the method, the tectonic deposition pattern and lithofacies paleogeography features can be determined, the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin marine facies stratum is quantitatively reconstructed by integrating multiple factors, and support is provided for oil and gas storage increase and exploration deployment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration, and in particular to a basin marine stratum lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction method based on structure-sedimentation coupling. Background Art

[0002] The reconstruction of lithofacies paleogeography is an important research topic of marine strata. It is of great significance to the understanding of the tectonic-sedimentary evolution and sedimentary filling process of the basin, and provides important theoretical support for oil and gas exploration and prediction of favorable areas. For a long time, the deep strata of the basin have been restricted to a certain extent by factors such as limited drilling, complex seismic imaging, and low exploration level. In addition, the focus of data selection and the differences in the understanding of the paleo-tectonic background by different experts and scholars have also caused great differences in the understanding of lithofacies paleogeography and tectonic sedimentary pattern. In the current context of oil and gas exploration from shallow to deep, deep / ultra-deep marine strata are the key successor areas of future oil and gas exploration. It is one of the important prerequisites for oil and gas exploration to determine the characteristics of tectonic sedimentary pattern and lithofacies paleogeography. In recent years, the main methods for lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction include sedimentological methods, sequence stratigraphic analysis methods, geophysical methods, etc. These methods have greatly promoted the development and understanding of lithofacies paleogeography in different regions, but they are difficult to meet the comprehensive multi-factor quantitative needs in the process of oil and gas geological exploration. Therefore, how to achieve comprehensive multi-factor quantitative reconstruction of basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of deep / ultra-deep oil and gas exploration. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing methods in the background technology are difficult to achieve comprehensive multi-factor quantitative reconstruction of basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography, and provide a basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction method based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling. The basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction method based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling can determine the characteristics of tectonic sedimentary pattern and lithofacies paleogeography, comprehensively reconstruct the basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography through multi-factor quantitative reconstruction, and provide strong support for oil and gas reserve increase and exploration deployment.

[0004] The present invention can solve the problem by the following technical solution: a method for basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling, comprising the following steps: S1. Based on the established drilling and 3D seismic work areas, identify and determine the types of different sequence interfaces and restore the prototype basement of the basin; S2. Based on the characteristics of the prototype basement of the basin and the outcrop sections of the field sections, the rock types of the basin are clarified and the rock phase sequence combination of the basin is established by using the combined macroscopic and microscopic technical means; S3. Based on the rock phase sequence combination, electrical logging curves and lithology interpretation results of the basin, spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques are used to establish a rock-electric interpretation model to determine the sedimentation process and the nature of seawater changes; S4. Based on the 3D seismic area and logging data, combined with the rock-electric interpretation model, the well-logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section is constructed using the well-logging-seismic technology to determine the division scheme of the sequence stratigraphy; S5. Based on the division scheme of sequence stratigraphy, establish basin sedimentary evolution model and basin sedimentary model, and determine the development characteristics and distribution location of sedimentary facies; S6. Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section, restore the micro-geomorphology of the sedimentary period of different sequences, identify the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework, and count the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies in different sequences; S7. Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary pattern and micro-geomorphology of the basin during the sedimentary period, and in accordance with the laws of dominant phases and special phases, the single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method are used to reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin's marine strata in each sequence and determine the paleogeographic pattern of the basin.

[0005] In the entire technical solution: Preferably, the drilling work area and the 3D seismic work area process are: According to the basin scope, the geological background, geological map, structure, well location information, coring data, well logging and seismic data are collected respectively; According to the attributes of the collected data, they are sorted and summarized to establish drilling work areas and 3D seismic work areas.

[0006] Preferably, the method for determining the types of different sequence interfaces comprises: Based on paleogeological maps and plate tectonic maps, field geological outcrop sections were selected to observe and measure the development characteristics of basin structures and sediments, record the structural types and occurrences, and the development characteristics of sedimentary structures and rock types, and determine the types and properties of structural interfaces.

[0007] Preferably, the method of restoring the prototype base of the basin in step S1 is: Based on the three-dimensional seismic area, under the theoretical support of plate tectonics and geotectonics, combined with previous research results (including geological structure, sedimentary characteristics and evolution and structural characteristics and evolution results) and field geological profiles, the key unconformity interface is determined, the interface properties and characteristics are detailed, and then the prototype basement of the study area is analyzed from the filling geometry and boundary transformation characteristics. The balanced profile technology is used to restore the prototype basement of the basin, and the properties of the prototype basement of the basin and the development characteristics of the source-sink system are clarified; Preferably, the method for establishing the basin rock phase sequence combination in step S2 is: Based on the characteristics of the prototype basement of the basin and the outcrop profile of the field section, combined with the plane distribution of the well location and the marine stratigraphic position, core wells were selected for core observation and photography, and sampling and sectioning, carbon and oxygen isotope and in-situ micro-area element testing were carried out according to rock type and sedimentary structure; By using a combination of macro and micro technical means, we can clarify the rock types and development characteristics of the basin, determine the identification marks of different rock types and stratigraphic sedimentary interfaces, and establish the basin rock phase sequence combination.

[0008] Preferably, the step S3 is to establish a rock-electric interpretation model based on the rock phase sequence combination of the basin, the electrical logging curve and the lithology interpretation results, and to determine the method of the sedimentation process and the changing properties of seawater, including: Based on the electrical logging curves and lithological interpretation results, combined with the rock types of cores and field geological outcrop profiles, a rock-electrical interpretation model was established using spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques to clarify the sedimentary phases, electrical curve characteristics and identification marks of different rock types. Based on the longitudinal variation trend of carbon and oxygen isotopes and the in-situ micro-area element test results, the relationship between rock phase sequence combinations and sea level changes was analyzed to determine the sedimentary process and the nature of seawater changes.

[0009] Preferably, the method of determining the division scheme of sequence stratigraphy in step S4 comprises: Based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and logging data, combined with the identification marks of structural and sequence sedimentary interfaces, the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework profile was constructed using the technical means of combining well and seismic data. The sequence stratigraphy was identified and tracked, the filling structure and contact relationship of the sequence stratigraphy in the horizontal and vertical directions were clarified, and the division scheme of the sequence stratigraphy was determined.

[0010] Preferably, the method of constructing the sedimentary model of the basin in step S5 and determining the development characteristics and distribution position of the sedimentary phase comprises the following steps: Based on the division scheme of sequence stratigraphy, the marine strata of the basin are divided. Combining the rock phase sequence combination, sea level change, sedimentary process and seawater properties, the basin sedimentary evolution model is established, and the main sedimentary characteristics and main controlling factors of different sequences are analyzed. Then, based on the filling method and sedimentary process of the sequence, the sedimentary model of the basin is constructed to determine the development characteristics and distribution location of the sedimentary phase.

[0011] Preferably, the method of restoring the micro-topography of the sedimentary period of different sequences and counting the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary phases of different sequences based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section in step S6 comprises: Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework profile, a single sequence is regarded as a sedimentary isochronous geological body. Combined with the basin basement layer, a sequence thickness map is drawn, and the relationship between the internal sedimentary filling mode and the lithofacies combination is analyzed to restore the sedimentary micro-geomorphology of different sequences. Based on the rock-electrical interpretation model, the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework are identified, and the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies of each sequence are counted according to the data points.

[0012] Preferably, the method of reconstructing the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin marine strata of the sequence in step S7 comprises: Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary pattern and micro-geomorphology of the basin during the sedimentary period, using the sedimentary facies type and characteristics of each sequence at each data point, under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic thickness, according to the dominant and special phase laws, a single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method was used to reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin marine strata of each sequence, and then determine the paleogeographic pattern of the basin.

[0013] The invention is a method for reconstructing lithofacies paleogeography of marine strata in basins based on structural-sedimentary coupling, based on plate tectonics, geotectonic geology, sedimentary petrology, sequence stratigraphy and geochemistry as theoretical guidance, making full use of basic geological data, and adopting balanced profile technology, macro-micro combination, spectrum analysis and core retrieval, well-seismic combination, single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping methods to determine key unconformity interfaces, restore the prototype basement of the basin, determine the basin properties and source-sink system, establish a sequence division scheme, construct a basin tectonic evolution model and a sedimentary evolution model, and then reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of marine strata in the basins of each sequence, thereby realizing multi-factor comprehensive quantitative lithofacies paleogeography restoration and laying a data foundation for oil and gas exploration in deep / ultra-deep marine strata. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 A plate tectonic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The basin structure evolution model of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The basin deposition model of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a basin lithofacies paleogeography map according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] The process of establishing the drilling area and the 3D seismic area includes: According to the basin scope, the geological background, geological map, structure, well location information, coring data, well logging and seismic data are collected respectively; According to the attributes of the collected data, they are sorted and summarized to establish drilling work areas and 3D seismic work areas.

[0017] The method for determining the types of different sequence interfaces comprises: Based on paleogeological maps and plate tectonic maps, select field geological outcrop sections, observe and measure the development characteristics of basin structures and sediments, record the structural types and occurrences, and the development characteristics of sedimentary structures and rock types, and determine the types and properties of structural interfaces; By analyzing the development characteristics and genetic mechanism of stratigraphic sequences, the identification marks of different sequence interfaces are determined, and their contact relationship with the tectonic interface is explored. Then, samples are collected and thin sections are made according to the sequence type and rock structure.

[0018] Methods for restoring the prototype basement of the basin include: Based on the three-dimensional seismic area, under the theoretical support of plate tectonics and geotectonics, combined with previous research results (including geological structure, sedimentary characteristics and evolution and structural characteristics and evolution results) and field geological profiles, the key unconformity interface is determined, the interface properties and characteristics are detailed, and then the prototype basement of the study area is analyzed from the filling geometry and boundary transformation characteristics, and the balanced profile technology is used to restore the prototype basement of the basin; Based on restoring the prototype basement of the basin, the properties of the prototype basement of the basin and the development characteristics of the source-sink system are clarified, and a basin tectonic evolution model is established.

[0019] Based on the characteristics of the prototype basement of the basin and the outcrop profile of the field section, combined with the plane distribution of the well location and the marine stratigraphic position, core wells were selected for core observation and photography, and sampling and sectioning, carbon and oxygen isotope and in-situ micro-area element testing were carried out according to rock type and sedimentary structure; By using a combination of macro and micro technical means, we can clarify the rock types and development characteristics of the basin, determine the identification marks of different rocks and stratigraphic sedimentary interfaces, and establish the basin rock phase sequence combination.

[0020] Based on the electrical logging curves and lithological interpretation results, combined with the rock types of cores and field geological outcrop profiles, a rock-electrical interpretation model was established using spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques to clarify the sedimentary phases, electrical curve development characteristics and identification marks of different rock types. Based on the longitudinal variation trend of carbon and oxygen isotopes and the in-situ micro-area element test results, the relationship between rock phase sequence combinations and sea level changes was analyzed to determine the sedimentary process and the nature of seawater changes.

[0021] Based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and logging data, combined with the identification marks of the interface between structure and sequence deposition, the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section is constructed by using the technical means of combining well and seismic, so as to identify and track the sequence stratigraphy, clarify the filling structure and contact relationship of the sequence stratigraphy in the horizontal and vertical directions, and determine the division scheme of the sequence stratigraphy.

[0022] Based on the division scheme of sequence stratigraphy, the marine strata of the basin are divided. Combining the rock phase sequence combination, sea level change, sedimentary process and seawater properties, the basin sedimentary evolution model is established, and the main sedimentary characteristics and main controlling factors of different sequences are analyzed. Then, based on the filling method and sedimentary process of the sequence, the sedimentary model of the basin is constructed to determine the development characteristics and distribution location of the sedimentary phase.

[0023] Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework profile, a single sequence is regarded as a sedimentary isochronous geological body. Combined with the basin basement layer, a sequence thickness map is drawn, and the relationship between the internal sedimentary filling mode and the lithofacies combination is analyzed to restore the sedimentary micro-geomorphology of different sequences. Based on the rock-electrical interpretation model, the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework are identified, and the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies of each sequence are counted according to the data points.

[0024] Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary pattern and micro-geomorphology of the basin during the sedimentary period, using the sedimentary facies type and characteristics of each sequence at each data point, under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic thickness, according to the dominant and special phase laws, a single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method was used to reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin marine strata of each sequence, and then determine the paleogeographic pattern of the basin. Example

[0025] The implementation process of the method of the present invention is described below by taking the tectonic-sedimentary coupled Ordovician marine strata in the Sichuan Basin as an example.

[0026] The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for reconstructing basin marine strata lithofacies paleogeography based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Establish drilling work area and 3D seismic work area; According to the scope of the basin, the geological background, geological map, structure, well location information, coring data, well logging and seismic data are collected and summarized according to the data attributes, and drilling work areas and 3D seismic work areas are established.

[0027] Step 2: Observe the geological outcrop profile in the field to determine the types of different sequence interfaces; Based on paleogeological maps and plate tectonic maps (e.g. Figure 2As shown in the figure, field geological outcrop sections were selected, and with structural geology and sedimentary petrology as theoretical guidance, the development characteristics of basin structure and sedimentation were observed and measured, and the structural type and occurrence as well as the development characteristics of sedimentary structure and rock type were recorded respectively. The Upper Yangtze Platform described in the Sichuan Basin was analyzed and determined to be the forebulge position of the arc back foreland basin formed under the background of Gondwana aggregation. By analyzing the development characteristics and genetic mechanism of stratigraphic sequences, the paleo-weathering crust, karst interface, unconformity interface and lithology-facies transition surface were used as the main identification marks of sequence interfaces, and their contact relationship with structural interfaces was explored. Then, samples were collected and thin sections were made according to the sequence type and rock fabric.

[0028] Step 3: Based on the established drilling and 3D seismic work areas, identify and determine the types of different sequence interfaces and restore the prototype basement of the basin; Based on the three-dimensional seismic area, under the theoretical support of plate tectonics and geotectonics, combined with previous research results (including geological structure, sedimentary characteristics and evolution and structural characteristics and evolution results) and field geological profiles, the third-level sequence interface was determined, the interface properties and characteristics were determined in detail, and then the prototype basement of the study area was analyzed from the filling geometry and boundary transformation characteristics, and the balanced profile technology was used to restore the prototype basement of the basin; Based on the restoration of the prototype basement of the basin, the properties of the prototype basement of the basin and the development characteristics of the source-sink system are clarified. The Yangtze Platform (South China Plate) where the basin is located was mainly subjected to plate subduction and compression in the Late Cambrian and Ordovician (Yunnan Movement), and multiple structural-sedimentary cycles were developed inside, forming the structural characteristics of the Nanhua Rift and the Xuefeng Uplift, and then establishing the basin tectonic evolution model. (See Figure 3 ).

[0029] Step 4: Based on the prototype basement characteristics of the basin and the outcrop profiles of the field sections, use a combination of macroscopic and microscopic techniques to clarify the basin rock types and establish the basin rock phase sequence combination; According to the characteristics of the prototype basement of the basin and the outcrop profiles of the field profiles, combined with the plane distribution of the well locations and the marine stratigraphic positions, core wells were selected for core observation and photography, and sampling and sectioning, carbon and oxygen isotope and in-situ micro-area element testing were carried out according to the rock types and sedimentary structures. Using a combination of macro and micro technical means, the main rock types developed in the basin were determined to be mudstone, marlstone, micritic limestone, bioclastic micritic limestone, micritic bioclastic limestone, dolomite, argillaceous siltstone, and shale. The identification marks of the sedimentary interfaces of different rocks and sequences were determined, and the rock phase sequence combination of the basin was established, such as shale-micritic limestone-bioclastic micritic limestone-micritic bioclastic limestone, mudstone-micritic limestone-bioclastic micritic limestone-micritic bioclastic limestone.

[0030] Step 5: Based on the rock phase sequence combination, electrical logging curves and lithology interpretation results of the basin, spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques are used to establish a rock electrical interpretation model to determine the sedimentation process and the nature of seawater changes; Based on the electrical logging curves and lithological interpretation results, combined with the rock types of cores and field geological outcrop profiles, a rock electrical interpretation model was established using spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques. The sedimentary phases, electrical curve development characteristics and identification marks corresponding to mudstone, marlstone, micritic limestone, bioclastic micritic limestone, micritic bioclastic limestone, dolomite, argillaceous siltstone and shale were clarified. According to the longitudinal variation trend of carbon and oxygen isotopes and the results of in-situ micro-area element tests, the relationship between rock phase sequence combination and sea level change was analyzed. The sea level mainly experienced three sedimentary processes: lowstand system tract, transgressive system tract and highstand system tract. The energy of the water body transitioned from low energy to high energy in the vertical direction, and the sedimentary environment changed from open to semi-confined environment.

[0031] Step 6: Based on the 3D seismic work area and logging data, combined with the rock-electrical interpretation model, the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section is constructed using the well-seismic combined technology to determine the division scheme of the sequence stratigraphy; Based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and logging data, combined with the identification marks of the interface between structure and sequence deposition, the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section was constructed using the technical means of combining well and seismic, to identify and track the sequence strata, clarify the filling structure and contact relationship (conformity contact, parallel unconformity, angular unconformity) of the sequence strata in the horizontal and vertical directions, and determine the division of the strata into five third-level sequences.

[0032] Step 7: Based on the division scheme of the five third-order sequence stratigraphic layers, establish the basin sedimentary evolution model and basin sedimentary model (such as Figure 4 (as shown in Figure 2) to determine the development characteristics and distribution location of the sedimentary facies; Based on the sequence stratigraphic division scheme, the marine strata of the basin are divided. Combined with the rock phase sequence combination, sea level changes, sedimentary process and seawater properties, the basin sedimentary evolution model is established, and the main sedimentary characteristics and main controlling factors of different sequences are analyzed. Then, based on the filling method and sedimentary process of the sequence, the sedimentary model of the basin is constructed, and the sedimentary facies development characteristics and distribution positions of restricted lagoons, deltas, tidal margin beaches, tidal flats, platform flats, semi-restricted seas, intra-platform beaches, Xuefeng Mountain underwater uplift, and continental shelf-slopes are determined.

[0033] Step 8: Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section, restore the sedimentary micro-geomorphology of different sequences, identify the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework, and count the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies in different sequences; Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework profile, a single sequence is regarded as a sedimentary isochronous geological body. Combined with the basin basement layer, a sequence thickness map is drawn, and the relationship between the internal sedimentary filling mode and the lithofacies combination is analyzed to restore the sedimentary micro-geomorphology of different sequences. Based on the rock-electrical interpretation model, the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework are identified, and the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies of each sequence are counted according to the data points.

[0034] Step 9: Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary pattern and micro-geomorphology of the basin during the sedimentary period, and in accordance with the laws of dominant phases and special phases, the single factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method are used to reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of the marine strata of the basin in each sequence and determine the paleogeographic pattern of the basin; Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary model and micro-geomorphology of the basin, the sedimentary facies type and characteristics of each sequence at each data point, under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic thickness, and according to the dominant and special facies laws, the lithofacies paleogeography of the marine strata of each sequence in the basin was reconstructed by using the single factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method (see Figure 5 ), and then determined that the basin generally presents a paleogeographic pattern of high in the west and low in the east.

Claims

1. A method for reconstructing basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on the established drilling and 3D seismic work areas, identify and determine the types of different sequence interfaces and restore the prototype basement of the basin; S2. Based on the characteristics of the prototype basement of the basin and the outcrop sections of the field sections, the rock types of the basin are clarified and the rock phase sequence combination of the basin is established by using the combined macroscopic and microscopic technical means; S3. Based on the rock phase sequence combination, electrical logging curves and lithology interpretation results of the basin, spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques are used to establish a rock-electric interpretation model to determine the sedimentation process and the nature of seawater changes; S4. Based on the 3D seismic area and logging data, combined with the rock-electric interpretation model, the well-logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section is constructed using the well-logging-seismic technology to determine the division scheme of the sequence stratigraphy; S5. Based on the division scheme of sequence stratigraphy, establish basin sedimentary evolution model and basin sedimentary model, and determine the development characteristics and distribution location of sedimentary facies; S6. Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section, restore the micro-geomorphology of the sedimentary period of different sequences, identify the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework, and count the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies in different sequences; S7. Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary pattern and micro-geomorphology of the basin during the sedimentary period, and in accordance with the laws of dominant phases and special phases, the single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method are used to reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin's marine strata in each sequence and determine the paleogeographic pattern of the basin.

2. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for establishing the drilling area and the three-dimensional seismic area is as follows: According to the basin scope, the geological background, geological map, structure, well location information, coring data, well logging and seismic data are collected respectively; According to the attributes of the collected data, they are sorted and summarized to establish drilling work areas and 3D seismic work areas.

3. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: Methods for determining the types of different sequence interfaces include: Based on paleogeological maps and plate tectonic maps, field geological outcrop sections were selected to observe and measure the development characteristics of basin structures and sediments. The structural types and occurrences and the development characteristics of sedimentary structures and rock types were recorded respectively to determine the types and properties of different structural interfaces.

4. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 3 is characterized by: The method for S1 to restore the prototype basement of the basin is: Based on the three-dimensional seismic area, under the theoretical support of plate tectonics and geotectonics, combined with existing research results and field geological profiles, the key unconformity interface is determined, the interface properties and characteristics are detailed, and then the prototype basement of the study area is analyzed from the filling geometry and boundary transformation characteristics. The balanced profile technology is used to restore the prototype basement of the basin, and the properties of the prototype basement of the basin and the development characteristics of the source-sink system are clarified; The existing research results include geological structure, sedimentary characteristics and evolution, and structural characteristics and evolution results.

5. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 4, characterized in that: S2. The specific method for establishing the rock phase sequence combination of the basin includes the following steps: Based on the characteristics of the prototype basement of the basin and the outcrop profile of the field section, combined with the plane distribution of the well location and the marine stratigraphic position, core wells were selected for core observation and photography, and sampling and sectioning, carbon and oxygen isotope and in-situ micro-area element testing were carried out according to rock type and sedimentary structure; By using a combination of macro and micro technical means, we can clarify the rock types and development characteristics of the basin, determine the identification marks of different rock types and stratigraphic sedimentary interfaces, and establish the basin rock phase sequence combination.

6. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S3 is based on the rock phase sequence combination, electrical logging curve and lithology interpretation results of the basin, using spectrum analysis and core tracing technology to establish a rock electrical interpretation model to determine the sedimentation process and seawater change properties. The specific method includes: Based on the electrical logging curves and lithological interpretation results, combined with the rock types of cores and field geological outcrop profiles, a rock-electrical interpretation model was established using spectrum analysis and core tracing techniques to clarify the sedimentary phases, electrical curve characteristics and identification marks of different rock types. Based on the longitudinal variation trend of carbon and oxygen isotopes and the in-situ micro-area element test results, the relationship between rock phase sequence combinations and sea level changes was analyzed to determine the sedimentary process and the nature of seawater changes.

7. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 6, characterized in that: S4 A method for determining a sequence stratigraphic division scheme comprises: Based on the three-dimensional seismic work area and logging data, combined with the identification marks of structural and sequence sedimentary interfaces, the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework profile was constructed using the technical means of combining well and seismic data. The sequence stratigraphy was identified and tracked, the filling structure and contact relationship of the sequence stratigraphy in the horizontal and vertical directions were clarified, and the division scheme of the sequence stratigraphy was determined.

8. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 7, characterized in that: S5 A method for determining the development characteristics and distribution location of sedimentary facies, comprising the following steps: Based on the division scheme of sequence stratigraphy, the marine strata of the basin are divided. Combining the rock phase sequence combination, sea level change, sedimentary process and seawater properties, the basin sedimentary evolution model is established, and the main sedimentary characteristics and main controlling factors of different sequences are analyzed. Then, based on the filling method and sedimentary process of the sequence, the sedimentary model of the basin is constructed to determine the development characteristics and distribution location of the sedimentary phase.

9. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 8, characterized in that: S6 is based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework section to restore the sedimentary micro-geomorphology of different sequences, identify the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework, and count the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies in different sequences. The specific methods include: Based on the logging-seismic sequence stratigraphic framework profile, a single sequence is regarded as a sedimentary isochronous geological body. Combined with the basin basement layer, a sequence thickness map is drawn, and the relationship between the internal sedimentary filling mode and the lithofacies combination is analyzed to restore the sedimentary micro-geomorphology of different sequences. Based on the rock-electrical interpretation model, the rock types and sedimentary microfacies within the sequence framework are identified, and the types and characteristics of rocks and sedimentary facies of each sequence are counted according to the data points.

10. The method for basin marine stratigraphic lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction based on tectonic-sedimentary coupling according to claim 9, characterized in that: S7 Methods for reconstructing the lithofacies paleogeography of basin-marine strata of each sequence include: Based on the prototype basement, sedimentary pattern and micro-geomorphology of the basin during the sedimentary period, using the sedimentary facies type and characteristics of each sequence at each data point, under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic thickness, according to the dominant and special phase laws, a single-factor analysis and multi-factor comprehensive mapping method was used to reconstruct the lithofacies paleogeography of the basin marine strata of each sequence, and then determine the paleogeographic pattern of the basin.

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