A double-layer sealed lens group in deuterium-tritium fusion experiment

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of high-precision optical measurement in magnetic confinement nuclear fusion experimental device, and particularly relates to a double-layer sealed lens group in deuterium-tritium fusion experiment, which comprises a glass sealing flange, a sealing shell, an imaging lens group, a vacuum assembly and a glass observation window, the glass sealing flange and the glass observation window are sealingly connected with two ends of the sealing shell, the imaging lens group is arranged in the sealing shell, a gap is arranged between the imaging lens group and the inner side of the sealing shell, the vacuum assembly is fixedly connected with the sealing shell and communicates with the inside of the sealing shell, the inside of the imaging lens group communicates with the gap, and the glass sealing flange is connected with the vacuum device; the double-layer sealed lens group of the present application guarantees the sealing performance through a clever structure layout, reasonably utilizes the space in the sealing cavity, maintains the original field of view range of the optical measurement system, and fully utilizes the limited space resources around the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high-precision optical measurement in a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion experimental device, and in particular to a double-layer sealed lens group in a deuterium-tritium fusion experiment. Background Art

[0002] Magnetic confinement fusion energy is a promising clean energy source for the future, promising to become a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of electricity. Currently, magnetic confinement fusion experiments worldwide primarily use non-radioactive hydrogen and deuterium as fuel. However, future fusion reactors will utilize deuterium and tritium, which have a higher probability of fusion reactions. Fusion experiments involving tritium will also be gradually carried out around the world in the near future.

[0003] Because tritium is radioactive, conducting tritium fusion experiments faces many difficulties and challenges, one of which is preventing the leakage of tritium fuel. To prevent fuel leakage, some experimental devices use a double-layer sealing system to enhance safety. For example, a double-layer glass sealing structure is used in the optical measurement system, which can effectively reduce the risk of tritium leakage when a single piece of sealing glass breaks. However, due to its long structure, the double-layer glass sealing structure increases the object distance in the optical system, thereby reducing the field of view of the optical measurement system. At the same time, because the surrounding space in the magnetic confinement fusion device is very limited, the addition of a double-layer glass sealing structure makes it difficult to install other components of the system.

[0004] Therefore, how to optimize the spatial layout and field of view of the optical measurement system while maintaining high safety has become a pressing issue in current technology, which lays the foundation for the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the optical measurement system in the existing deuterium-tritium fusion experiment has the problems of limited field of view and low device space utilization when adopting a double-layer sealing structure. At the same time, it is difficult to optimize the optical performance while ensuring the sealing performance. The purpose is to provide a double-layer sealed lens group for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments, which can maintain the original field of view of the optical measurement system while enhancing the sealing safety, and make full use of the limited space resources around the device, thereby meeting the technical requirements of high-precision measurement and high safety requirements.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application discloses a double-layer sealed lens group in a deuterium-tritium fusion experiment, which comprises a glass sealing flange, a sealing shell, an imaging lens group, a vacuum assembly and a glass observation window, the glass sealing flange and the glass observation window are sealingly connected with two ends of the sealing shell, the imaging lens group is arranged in the sealing shell, a gap is arranged between the imaging lens group and the inner side of the sealing shell, the vacuum assembly is fixedly connected with the sealing shell and communicates with the inside of the sealing shell, the inside of the imaging lens group communicates with the gap, and the glass sealing flange is connected with a vacuum device.

[0008] Specifically, the glass sealing flange comprises a knife-edge flange plate and quartz glass, the quartz glass is arranged in the knife-edge flange plate, and the quartz glass is sealingly connected with the knife-edge flange plate through welding; the knife-edge flange plate is sealingly connected with the knife edge of the vacuum device through the knife edge; and the quartz glass is coaxially arranged with the imaging lens group.

[0009] Specifically, the imaging lens group comprises an imaging shell, a lens fixing piece and a lens, the imaging shell is fixedly arranged in the sealing shell, the imaging shell is provided with a small air hole communicating with the gap, the lens is fixed in the imaging shell through the lens fixing piece, and the central axis of the lens coincides with the central axis of the imaging lens assembly.

[0010] Specifically, the sealing shell and the imaging shell are both in a cylindrical structure, the central axis of the sealing shell coincides with the central axis of the imaging shell, the inner diameter of the sealing shell is larger than the outer diameter of the imaging shell, and the two ends of the sealing shell and the two ends of the imaging shell are both sealingly connected with the glass sealing flange and the glass observation window.

[0011] Specifically, the number of the lens fixing pieces is plural, and the number of the lenses is plural; the plural lenses are coaxially fixed in the imaging shell through the plural lens fixing pieces.

[0012] Specifically, the number of the small air holes is plural, and the small air holes are arranged between adjacent two lenses.

[0013] Specifically, the vacuum assembly comprises an air extraction assembly and an air pressure display, the air extraction end of the air extraction assembly is fixed on the sealing shell and communicates with the inside of the sealing shell, and the detection end of the air pressure display is arranged in the inside of the sealing shell.

[0014] Specifically, the glass observation window comprises a flange plate without a knife edge and a glass panel, the glass panel is arranged in the flange plate, and the glass panel is sealingly connected with the flange plate through welding.

[0015] Specifically, the sealed shell is made of stainless steel.

[0016] Specifically, the gas pressure in the sealed enclosure is between the gas pressure in the fusion device and the atmospheric pressure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention includes a glass sealing flange, a sealed housing, an imaging lens group, a vacuum assembly, and a glass observation window. The glass sealing flange and the glass observation window are sealed and connected at both ends of the sealed housing to form a double-layer sealed structure. The imaging lens group is disposed within the sealed housing, with a gap between it and the inner side of the sealed housing. The vacuum assembly is fixedly connected to the sealed housing and communicates with its interior to monitor internal air pressure changes. The glass sealing flange uses a flange with a knife edge and a quartz glass welded together to achieve a first layer of vacuum sealing; the glass sealing flange, the sealed housing, and the glass observation window form a second layer of sealing. The imaging lens group is composed of an imaging housing, multiple groups of lenses, and corresponding lens fixings, and is designed with ventilation holes to ensure air pressure balance inside and outside the cavity. This double-layer sealed lens group, through its ingenious structural layout, not only ensures sealing performance but also rationally utilizes the space within the sealed cavity, maintains the original field of view of the optical measurement system, and fully utilizes the limited space resources around the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the accompanying drawings are included in and constitute a part of this specification and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer sealed lens group in a deuterium-tritium fusion experiment according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the glass sealing flange according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the glass observation window according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure numerals: 1-glass sealing flange, 2-sealing housing, 3-imaging housing, 4-ventilation hole, 5-lens fixing part, 6-lens, 7-vacuum assembly, 8-glass observation window, 1.1-knife-edge flange, 1.2-quartz glass, 7.1-exhaust assembly, 7.2-air pressure display, 8.1-flange, 8.2-glass panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant content and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a double-layer sealed lens group for a deuterium-tritium fusion experiment is provided, comprising: a glass sealing flange 1, a sealed housing 2, an imaging lens group, a vacuum component 7, and a glass observation window 8. The glass sealing flange 1 and the glass observation window 8 are sealedly connected to both ends of the sealed housing 2. The imaging lens group is arranged in the sealed housing 2. A gap is provided between the imaging lens group and the inner side surface of the sealed housing 2. The vacuum component 7 is fixedly connected to the sealed housing 2 and communicated with the interior of the sealed housing 2. The interior of the imaging lens group is communicated with the gap, and the glass sealing flange 1 is connected to the inside of the vacuum device. The sealed housing 2 is made of stainless steel.

[0031] Glass sealing flange 1 is a connection component used for vacuum sealing. It comprises a knife-edge flange 1.1 with a knife edge and quartz glass 1.2. Quartz glass 1.2 is disposed within knife-edge flange 1.1 and sealed to the knife-edge flange 1.1 via welding. Knife-edge flange 1.1 is sealed to the knife edge of a vacuum device via its knife edge, and quartz glass 1.2 is coaxially arranged with the imaging lens assembly. Knife-edge flange 1.1 is sealed to the vacuum device via its knife edge, achieving a first layer of vacuum sealing. Quartz glass 1.2 is secured to knife-edge flange 1.1 via welding. Its advantages include strong mechanical strength and high temperature resistance, while allowing light to pass through while maintaining a vacuum.

[0032] The sealed housing 2 is a cylindrical structure made of stainless steel or other high-strength materials. It is used to accommodate the imaging lens group and form a double-layer sealed space. The two ends of the sealed housing 2 are sealed with the glass sealing flange 1 and the glass observation window 8 respectively, ensuring that the interior is completely isolated from the outside. The glass sealing flange 1, the sealed housing 2 and the glass observation window 8 form a second layer of sealing.

[0033] The glass observation window 8 includes a flange 8.1 without a blade and a glass panel 8.2. The glass panel 8.2 is arranged in the flange 8.1, and the glass panel 8.2 and the flange 8.1 are sealed by welding. The glass panel 8.2 is embedded in the flange 8.1 and is connected to the flange 8.1 by welding to form a sealed structure. The glass material used needs to have good mechanical strength, heat resistance and light transmittance, such as quartz glass 1.2 or other optical glass resistant to high temperature and high pressure. Welding is a process that tightly combines the flange 8.1 and the glass panel 8.2 through heat or pressure to ensure the sealing and mechanical strength of the connection and prevent the mutual penetration of the gas inside the cavity and the external environment. This welding process usually adopts brazing or laser welding to ensure high precision and stability.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The imaging lens assembly includes: an imaging housing 3, a lens fixing member 5, and a lens 6. The imaging housing 3 is fixedly disposed in a sealed housing 2. A ventilation hole 4 communicating with the gap is provided on the imaging housing 3. The lens 6 is fixed in the imaging housing 3 via the lens fixing member 5. The central axis of the lens 6 coincides with the central axis of the imaging lens assembly. There are multiple lens fixing members 5 and multiple lenses 6. The multiple lenses 6 are coaxially fixed in the imaging housing 3 via multiple lens fixing members 5. There are multiple ventilation holes 4, and ventilation holes 4 are provided between each adjacent lens 6. The ventilation holes 4 between adjacent lenses 6 help reduce airflow fluctuations inside the cavity, prevent micro-vibrations from affecting the fixed position of the lens 6 and imaging stability, and ensure that the air pressure inside the imaging housing 3 and between the sealed cavity remains consistent.

[0036] The imaging housing 3, the plurality of lens fixing members 5, and the plurality of lens groups 6 are combined to form an imaging lens group that can realize imaging of the optical measurement system; and the imaging housing 3, the plurality of lens fixing members 5, and the plurality of lens groups 6 are all located in a sealed cavity formed by the sealed housing 2, the glass sealing flange 1 and the glass observation window 8. The imaging lens group makes full use of the space in the sealed cavity, which can keep the original field of view of the optical measurement system unchanged, and does not occupy the limited space resources around the fusion device.

[0037] The sealing shell 2 and the imaging shell 3 are both cylindrical structures, and the central axis of the sealing shell 2 coincides with the central axis of the imaging shell 3. The inner diameter of the sealing shell 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the imaging shell 3. Both ends of the sealing shell 2 and the imaging shell 3 are sealed with the glass sealing flange 1 and the glass observation window 8.

[0038] The imaging lens assembly is securely supported by its imaging housing 3, ensuring precise alignment of the optical components. Multiple lenses 6 are sequentially arranged within the imaging housing 3 and securely positioned by fixtures. Their optical central axis coincides with the system's central axis, enabling high-precision transmission and imaging of optical signals. The ventilation holes 4 balance the cavity pressure while preventing deformation of the optical components due to pressure differences. Furthermore, the cylindrical structure of the sealed housing 2 effectively protects the internal optical components from the external environment while maximizing the use of the cavity space, making the entire system highly integrated and stable.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] The vacuum assembly 7 includes an exhaust assembly 7.1 and an air pressure indicator 7.2. The exhaust end of the exhaust assembly 7.1 is fixed to the sealed housing 2 and communicates with the interior of the sealed housing 2. The detection end of the air pressure indicator 7.2 is disposed within the sealed housing 2. The air pressure within the sealed housing 2 is between the air pressure in the fusion device and atmospheric pressure.

[0041] During operation, the vacuum assembly 7.1 extracts the gas inside the sealed shell 2, reducing the air pressure inside the cavity and keeping it at an intermediate level between the internal pressure of the fusion device and atmospheric pressure. Such a pressure range can not only reduce the pressure-bearing requirements of the sealed shell 2, but also help enhance the safety and stability of the system. The air pressure display 7.2 can provide real-time pressure data inside the cavity. When an abnormality occurs in the sealing system (such as glass breakage or seal failure), the reading of the air pressure display 7.2 will change significantly, providing timely warnings for fault detection and emergency response.

[0042] The air pressure inside the sealed shell 2 is designed to be between the air pressure inside the fusion device and atmospheric pressure. The internal pressure of the cavity below atmospheric pressure can effectively prevent external air from penetrating inward; the working environment inside the fusion device usually requires a specific air pressure level, and the air pressure setting inside the sealed shell 2 can be compatible with it to reduce interference with experimental equipment; compared to a complete vacuum state, maintaining a moderate pressure helps reduce the mechanical stress on the sealed shell 2 and glass parts, thereby extending the life of the components.

[0043] The vacuum assembly 7.1 communicates with the interior of the sealed housing 2 and continuously pumps air to reduce the pressure within the sealed cavity to the desired range. When the system reaches the designed pressure, the vacuum assembly 7.1 stops operating to maintain a stable environment. The pressure display 7.2 monitors the pressure changes within the sealed housing 2 in real time and records the pressure value within the cavity through a detection terminal.

[0044] During normal operation, the value of the air pressure display 7.2 should remain stable. When the sealing system fails (such as the glass sealing flange 1 or the glass observation window 8 is broken), the air pressure in the sealed housing 2 will change due to the connection with the external environment:

[0045] Glass sealing flange 1 failed: the air pressure in the cavity was close to the air pressure in the fusion device, and the reading of 7.2 on the air pressure display dropped significantly.

[0046] Glass observation window 8 fails: the air pressure in the cavity is close to atmospheric pressure, and the reading of the air pressure display 7.2 increases significantly.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0049] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of illustrating the present invention clearly, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments, characterized in that: include: A glass sealing flange (1), a sealing housing (2), an imaging lens group, a vacuum component (7) and a glass observation window (8), wherein the glass sealing flange (1) and the glass observation window (8) are sealed and connected to both ends of the sealing housing (2), the imaging lens group is arranged in the sealing housing (2), a gap is provided between the imaging lens group and the inner side surface of the sealing housing (2), the vacuum component (7) is fixedly connected to the sealing housing (2) and communicates with the interior of the sealing housing (2), the interior of the imaging lens group is communicated with the gap, and the glass sealing flange (1) is connected to a vacuum device; The glass sealing flange (1) comprises: a knife-edge flange (1.1) with a knife edge and quartz glass (1.2); the quartz glass (1.2) is arranged in the knife-edge flange (1.1), and the quartz glass (1.2) and the knife-edge flange (1.1) are sealed by welding; the knife-edge flange (1.1) is sealed by the knife edge to the knife edge of the vacuum device; and the quartz glass (1.2) is coaxially arranged with the imaging lens group; The imaging lens assembly comprises: an imaging housing (3), a lens fixing member (5), and a lens (6); the imaging housing (3) is fixedly arranged in the sealed housing (2); a ventilation hole (4) communicating with the gap is provided on the imaging housing (3); the lens (6) is fixed in the imaging housing (3) via the lens fixing member (5); and the central axis of the lens (6) coincides with the central axis of the imaging lens assembly.

2. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing shell (2) and the imaging shell (3) are both cylindrical structures, and the central axis of the sealing shell (2) coincides with the central axis of the imaging shell (3). The inner diameter of the sealing shell (2) is larger than the outer diameter of the imaging shell (3). Both ends of the sealing shell (2) and the imaging shell (3) are sealedly connected to the glass sealing flange (1) and the glass observation window (8).

3. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of lens fixing members (5), a plurality of lenses (6), and a plurality of lenses (6) are coaxially fixed in the imaging housing (3) via a plurality of lens fixing members (5).

4. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are a plurality of ventilation holes (4), and each of the two adjacent lenses (6) is provided with a ventilation hole.

5. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum component (7) comprises: an air extraction component (7.1) and an air pressure display (7.2); the air extraction end of the air extraction component (7.1) is fixed on the sealed housing (2) and communicates with the interior of the sealed housing (2); and the detection end of the air pressure display (7.2) is arranged inside the sealed housing (2).

6. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass observation window (8) comprises a flange (8.1) without a knife edge and a glass panel (8.2); the glass panel (8.2) is arranged in the flange (8.1), and the glass panel (8.2) and the flange (8.1) are sealed by welding.

7. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing shell (2) is made of stainless steel.

8. The double-layer sealed lens assembly for deuterium-tritium fusion experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pressure in the sealed housing (2) is between the air pressure in the fusion device and the atmospheric pressure.

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