Ice load prediction method, device and electronic equipment for icebreaking process of structure

Abstract

The application provides an ice load prediction method, device and electronic equipment for a structure icebreaking process, and belongs to the technical field of ice load prediction. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters comprise a bending strength; calculating a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate and the size parameters, wherein the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; determining an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; and predicting the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress. The ice load prediction method for the structure icebreaking process provided by the application solves the technical problem in the related art that the ice load prediction method for the structure icebreaking process cannot accurately predict the limit load of any point of the ice layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ice load prediction, and in particular to an ice load prediction method and device for a structure ice-breaking process and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] When a structure is launched in an ice-covered ocean, the ice layer will break after reaching the limit load when the structure is in contact with the ice layer, which will affect the running track of the structure. Therefore, the research on the interaction between the structure and the ice has attracted widespread attention, involving various nonlinear problems such as structure failure, large deformation, and crack propagation. It is of great significance to establish an accurate prediction model for the interaction between the structure and the ice and to realize the rapid prediction of the ice load characteristics in the ice-breaking process. In related technologies, the limit load of any point of the ice layer cannot be accurately predicted when the structure interacts with the ice.

[0003] Therefore, the ice load prediction method for the structure ice-breaking process in the related technologies has the technical problem that the limit load of any point of the ice layer cannot be accurately predicted. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an ice load prediction method and device for a structure ice-breaking process and an electronic device to solve the technical problem that the limit load of any point of the ice layer cannot be accurately predicted in the ice load prediction method for the structure ice-breaking process in related technologies.

[0005] The present application provides an ice load prediction method for a structure ice-breaking process, comprising the following steps: obtaining the size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters include the bending strength; calculating the target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is the action point coordinate of the concentrated load of the target ice layer by the structure, the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; determining the equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; and predicting the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress.

[0006] According to the ice load prediction method for a structure ice-breaking process provided by the present application, the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer is calculated according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameters, which comprises: determining the perturbation degree according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameters. determining the target stress according to the perturbation degree​

[0007] ;

[0008] wherein, is the normal stress of the target point along the X direction, is the normal stress of the target point along the Y direction, and together constitute the target stress; is the elastic modulus; z is the distance of the target point along the Z direction from the surface of the ice layer; is the Poisson's ratio; is the perturbation; is the second partial derivative of the perturbation to x, is the second partial derivative of the perturbation to y, x is the horizontal coordinate of the target point, and y is the vertical coordinate of the target point.

[0009] According to the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the present application, the perturbation is determined according to the load to be determined, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters, and the target stress is determined according to the perturbation

[0010] ;

[0011] Based on the simply supported boundary condition, the double triangular series is used to express :

[0012] ;

[0013] wherein, is the coefficient to be solved; a, b, h are the size parameters, a is the length of the target ice layer, b is the width of the target ice layer, and h is the thickness of the target ice layer; F is the load to be determined; is the horizontal coordinate in the current concentrated load action point coordinates, is the vertical coordinate in the current concentrated load action point coordinates; m, n are the number of series expansion terms; x is the horizontal coordinate of the target point, and y is the vertical coordinate of the target point.

[0014] According to the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the present application, the target stress is determined according to the perturbation , and the calculation formula of is substituted into the calculation formula of the target stress to obtain the calculation formula of :

[0015] ;

[0016] Let the target stress be:

[0017] .

[0018] According to the ice load prediction method of the ice breaking process of the structure provided by the application, the equivalent stress of the target ice layer is determined according to the target stress and the material parameters, and the hydrostatic pressure is determined based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate, the hydrostatic pressure is determined according to the target stress:

[0019] ;

[0020] The equivalent stress is determined according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters based on the JH-2 constitutive model; wherein, is the normal stress of the target point along the Z direction; P is the hydrostatic pressure.

[0021] According to the ice load prediction method of the ice breaking process of the structure provided by the application, the equivalent stress is determined according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters based on the JH-2 constitutive model, and the normalized equivalent stress is determined based on the JH-2 constitutive model:

[0022] ;

[0023] When the target ice layer is not damaged, 0, and the equivalent stress can be obtained according to the material parameters:

[0024] ;

[0025] The equivalent stress is determined according to the hydrostatic pressure:

[0026] ;

[0027] wherein, is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer; is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer when the target ice layer is not damaged; is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer when the target ice layer is completely damaged; is a loss factor, the target ice layer is not damaged 0, the target ice layer is completely damaged 1; A, C, N are the material parameters; is the normalized hydrostatic pressure; a normalized maximum tensile stress of the target ice layer; a normalized strain rate; an equivalent stress at the Hugoniot elastic limit of the target ice layer; a hydrostatic pressure at the Hugoniot elastic limit; a maximum tensile stress of the target ice layer; EPSO a quasi-static strain rate threshold; the target ice layer is subjected to the impact of the structure, and the strain gradually increases until the deformation limit is reached to cause damage, the equivalent stress reaches a maximum value, which is considered equal to the bending strength, and is defined as .

[0028] The application further provides an ice load prediction device for an ice-breaking process of a structure, comprising the following modules: an acquisition module, configured to acquire size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters comprise a bending strength; a calculation module, configured to calculate a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer based on a small perturbation theory of an elastic thin plate according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is a concentrated load action point coordinate of the target ice layer subjected to the structure, the to-be-determined load is a maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; a determination module, configured to determine an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; and a prediction module, configured to predict the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress.

[0029] The application further provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the ice load prediction method for the ice-breaking process of the structure according to any one of the above.

[0030] The application further provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is executable on a processor to implement the ice load prediction method for the ice-breaking process of the structure according to any one of the above.

[0031] The application further provides a computer program product comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program is executable on a processor to implement the ice load prediction method for the ice-breaking process of the structure according to any one of the above.

[0032] The ice load prediction method, device and electronic equipment for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application, by acquiring the size parameter and material parameter of the target ice layer, the material parameter including the bending strength, calculating the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinate and the size parameter, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is the action point coordinate of the concentrated load of the target ice layer on the structure, the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load, determining the equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameter, the equivalent stress being represented by the to-be-determined load, predicting the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress, and calculating the relationship between the target stress of the target ice layer at the target point and the concentrated load of the target ice layer on the structure, the ice breaking process caused by the impact of the structure on the ice can be comprehensively reflected, and the limit load that can be borne by the target ice layer at the target point can be solved in the case that the bending strength of the target ice layer is known. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description one by one. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application.

[0035] Figure 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application.

[0036] Figure 3 is the second of the schematic diagrams of the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application.

[0037] Figure 4 is the third of the schematic diagrams of the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application.

[0038] Figure 5 is the fourth of the schematic diagrams of the ice load prediction method for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application.

[0039] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the ice load prediction device for the ice breaking process of a structure provided by the application.

[0040] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic equipment provided by the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present application with reference to the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover the non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. Without more limitation, the element defined by the sentence "including a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article or equipment including the element.

[0043] When launching a structure in an ice-covered ocean, the ice layer will break after reaching the ultimate load when the structure is in contact with the ice layer, which will affect the running track of the structure. Therefore, the research on the interaction between the structure and the ice has attracted widespread attention, involving various nonlinear problems such as structure failure, large deformation, crack propagation, etc. It is of great significance to establish an accurate prediction model of the interaction between the structure and the ice and to realize the rapid prediction of the ice load characteristics in the icebreaking process. In the related technology, the ultimate load of any point of the ice layer cannot be accurately predicted when the structure interacts with the ice. Therefore, the ice load prediction method of the icebreaking process of the structure in the related technology has the technical problem that the ultimate load of any point of the ice layer cannot be accurately predicted.

[0044] In order to at least solve part of the above problems, the following will be combined Figures 1-7 The ice load prediction method, device and electronic equipment of the icebreaking process of the structure provided by the present application are described.

[0045] The ice load prediction method of the icebreaking process of the structure provided by the present application can be applied to the scene of predicting the ice load of any point of the ice layer in the icebreaking process of the structure. The ice load prediction method of the icebreaking process of the structure in the present embodiment can be executed by a server.

[0046] Figure 1 The flowchart of the ice load prediction method of the icebreaking process of the structure provided by the present application is shown in FIG. 1, which includes but is not limited to the following steps: Figure 1

[0047] Step 101, obtaining the size parameters and material parameters of the target ice layer, wherein the material parameters include the bending strength.​

[0048] Figure 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the ice load prediction method of the icebreaking process of the structure provided by the present application, as shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure interacting with the target ice layer; Figure 3 is another schematic diagram of the ice load prediction method of the icebreaking process of the structure provided by the present application, as shown in Figure 3 In this embodiment, the target ice layer is considered as a thin plate with uniform thickness, and the size parameters of the target ice layer include length, width and thickness. A coordinate system is established as shown in Figure 2 The length, width and thickness of the target ice layer are a, b and h respectively, and the mid-plane of the ice layer refers to the horizontal plane at the position with a thickness of h / 2 in the target ice layer.

[0049] The material parameters of the target ice layer are constants, which are used to represent the physical properties of the target ice layer.

[0050] In step 102, the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer is calculated according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinates are the action point coordinates of the concentrated load of the target ice layer by the structure, and the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point.

[0051] Optionally, the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer is calculated according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate.

[0052] The small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate is also called the linear thin plate theory, which is a theory used to analyze the deformation and stress distribution of a thin plate under the action of a load perpendicular to the plate in solid mechanics. This theory is based on the following assumptions: small perturbation assumption, the perturbation (vertical displacement) of the plate is much smaller than the thickness of the plate, so the geometric nonlinear effects caused by the perturbation can be ignored; straight normal line assumption, the straight line segment of the mid-plane (the middle plane before deformation) of the plate remains straight before and after deformation, but may be translated and rotated; plane stress state, along the thickness direction of the plate, the stress can be ignored, i.e. it is considered that the plate only bears plane stress.

[0053] The to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, i.e. if the load at the target point of the target ice layer exceeds the to-be-determined load, the target ice layer will be broken.

[0054] Based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate, the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer can be calculated according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters.

[0055] In step 103, the equivalent stress of the target ice layer is determined according to the target stress and the material parameters.​

[0056] Optionally, the equivalent stress of the target ice layer is determined according to the target stress and the material parameters based on the JH-2 constitutive model.

[0057] The JH-2 constitutive model is an empirical model used to describe the dynamic mechanical behavior of materials under high pressure, high strain rate and high temperature conditions; based on the JH-2 constitutive model, the equivalent stress of the target ice layer can be determined according to the target stress and the material parameters.

[0058] In step 104, the to-be-determined load is predicted according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress.

[0059] After the equivalent stress is determined, the strain gradually increases until the deformation limit is reached and damage occurs, at which time the equivalent stress reaches a maximum value, and the damage to the target ice layer by impact is mainly bending damage, so the equivalent stress is equal to the bending strength at this time. Therefore, by substituting the bending strength into the calculation formula of the equivalent stress, the value of the to-be-determined load can be predicted.

[0060] Through the embodiments provided in the present application, the size parameters and material parameters of the target ice layer are obtained, the material parameters including the bending strength; the target stress of a target point on the target ice layer is calculated according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinates are the action point coordinates of the concentrated load of the target ice layer by the structure, the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that the target point can withstand, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; the equivalent stress of the target ice layer is determined according to the target stress and the material parameters, and the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; the to-be-determined load is predicted according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress; the technical problem that the ice load prediction method in the related art cannot accurately predict the limit load of any point of the ice layer in the ice breaking process of the structure is solved, and the accuracy of the ice load prediction in the ice breaking process of the structure is improved.

[0061] As an optional solution, the target stress of a target point on the target ice layer is calculated according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters based on the small perturbation theory of elastic thin plates, including:

[0062] The perturbation is determined according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters

[0063] The target stress is determined according to

[0064]

[0065] wherein, ​​​Let be the normal stress along the X direction at the target point. Let the normal stress at the target point be along the Y direction. and Together they constitute the target stress; is the elastic modulus; z is the distance from the target point along the Z direction to the mid-surface of the ice layer; Poisson's ratio; For perturbation, For the deflection The second partial derivative with respect to x, For the deflection The second partial derivative with respect to y, where x is the x-coordinate of the target point and y is the y-coordinate of the target point.

[0066] This embodiment allows for accurate calculation of the target stress, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the ice load prediction method for the ice-breaking process of structures.

[0067] As an alternative approach, the deflection is determined based on the load to be determined, the coordinates of the current concentrated load application point, and dimensional parameters. ,include:

[0068] Determine based on the load to be determined, the coordinates of the current concentrated load's point of application, and dimensional parameters. :

[0069] ;

[0070] Based on simply supported boundary conditions, a double trigonometric series representation is used. :

[0071] ;

[0072] in, denoted as coefficients to be determined; a, b, and h are dimensional parameters, where a is the length of the target ice layer, b is the width of the target ice layer, and h is the thickness of the target ice layer; F is the load to be determined. This represents the x-coordinate of the current concentrated load application point. y is the ordinate of the current concentrated load application point; m and n are the number of terms in the series expansion; x is the x-coordinate of the target point, and y is the ordinate of the target point.

[0073] Through this embodiment, the deflection can be accurately calculated. This improves the reliability and stability of the ice load prediction method for the icebreaking process of structures.

[0074] As an alternative approach, based on the small deflection theory of elastic thin plates, according to... Determine the target stress, including:

[0075] Will Substitute the target stress into the calculation formula, and the target stress is obtained The calculation formula of the target stress is as follows:

[0076] ;

[0077] Let , and the target stress is:

[0078] .

[0079] Through the embodiment, the target stress can be accurately determined according to the target stress and the material parameters, and the reliability and stability of the ice load prediction method in the icebreaking process of the structure are improved. As an optional solution, the equivalent stress of the target ice layer is determined according to the target stress and the material parameters, including:

[0080] hydrostatic pressure

[0081] , based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate, the hydrostatic pressure is determined according to the target stress:

[0082] ;

[0083] The equivalent stress is determined according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters based on the JH-2 constitutive model;

[0084] wherein, is the normal stress of the target point in the Z direction; and P is the hydrostatic pressure.

[0085] Through the embodiment, the equivalent stress of the target ice layer can be accurately determined according to the target stress and the material parameters, and the reliability and stability of the ice load prediction method in the icebreaking process of the structure are improved.

[0086] As an optional solution, the equivalent stress is determined according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters based on the JH-2 constitutive model, including:

[0087] The normalized equivalent stress is:

[0088] ;

[0089] When the target ice layer is not damaged, 0, and the equivalent stress can be obtained according to the material parameters:

[0090] ;

[0091] The equivalent stress is determined according to the hydrostatic pressure:

[0092] ;​

[0093] wherein, is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer; is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer when the target ice layer is not damaged; is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer when the target ice layer is completely damaged; is the loss factor, the target ice layer is not damaged is 0, the target ice layer is completely damaged is 1; A, C, N are material parameters; is the normalized hydrostatic pressure; is the normalized maximum tensile stress of the target ice layer; is the normalized strain rate; is the equivalent stress at the Hugoniot elastic limit of the target ice layer; is the hydrostatic pressure at the Hugoniot elastic limit; is the maximum tensile stress of the target ice layer; EPSO is the quasi-static strain rate critical value; the target ice layer is subjected to the impact action of the structure, the strain gradually increases until the deformation limit is reached and damage occurs, the equivalent stress reaches the maximum value, which is considered equal to the bending strength, and is defined as .

[0094] Through the embodiment, the equivalent stress can be accurately determined according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters, and the reliability and stability of the ice load prediction method of the ice breaking process of the structure are improved.

[0095] As an optional solution, based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate, the following can be obtained:

[0096] (1)

[0097] wherein, is the elastic modulus; , , are the normal stresses of the target point along the x, y and z directions respectively; , are the normal strains along the x and y directions respectively; is the Poisson's ratio.

[0098] (2)

[0099] wherein, , are the displacement components along the x and y directions respectively; is the perturbation; z is the distance of the target point along the z direction from the middle surface of the ice layer.

[0100] Substituting equation (2) into equation (1) gives:

[0101] (3)

[0102] According to Kirchhoff thin plate theory, the elastic curved surface equation of ice can be expressed as:

[0103] (4)

[0104] where, is the load on the ice layer, D is the bending stiffness, , is the thickness of the ice layer; therefore, equation (4) can be written as:

[0105] (5)

[0106] The ice layer floats on the water surface, and the four sides can be considered as simply supported boundary conditions. According to equation (5), we have

[0107] (6)

[0108] The perturbation function is expressed by double trigonometric series as follows:

[0109] (7)

[0110] where, is the coefficient to be solved.

[0111] Substituting equation (7) into equation (4) gives:

[0112] (8)

[0113] The solution of equation (8) is as follows:

[0114] The perturbation function is expressed by double trigonometric series as follows:

[0115] (9)

[0116] First, multiply equation (9) by on both sides, and then integrate from 0 to . Next, multiply equation (9) by on both sides, and then integrate from 0 to , , are arbitrary positive integers, we have:

[0117] ​​ (10)

[0118] Solving equation (10) gives

[0119] (11)

[0120] Solving equations (8) and (9) gives

[0121] (12)

[0122] Since both sides of equation (12) are trigonometric series, the coefficients must be the same to keep the equation valid, i.e.

[0123] (13)

[0124] Substituting equation (11) into equation (13) gives

[0125] (14)

[0126] During the process of the structure impacting the ice layer, the contact area is very small compared with the ice layer, so the load on the ice layer can be approximated as a concentrated load. Assuming the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the current concentrated load point are , the differential area at this position can be expressed as , , , F , ,

[0127] (15)

[0128] Substituting equation (15) into equation (7) gives

[0129] (16)

[0130] where h is the thickness of the ice layer; let

[0131] (17)

[0132] Substituting equations (16) and (17) into equation (3) gives

[0133] (18)

[0134] ​Equation (18) establishes the relationship between the stress generated by the target ice layer at any point and the concentrated load received by the ice. However, since ice is a material with very complex mechanical properties and exhibits high nonlinearity during the destruction process, it is not possible to calculate when the ice is destroyed or the maximum load that the ice can withstand only by equation (18). Therefore, the relevant theory of the JH-2 constitutive model is introduced into the bending equation of ice material.

[0135] The JH-2 constitutive model can accurately simulate the destruction of materials under high strain rate, and the initial destruction strength and destruction process under different loading conditions can be determined by setting the strength parameters and damage parameters, which is suitable for characterizing the destruction effect of ice after being impacted by a structure.

[0136] The equivalent stress of the JH-2 constitutive model can be expressed as:

[0137] (19)

[0138] wherein, is the normalized equivalent stress; , and are the normalized equivalent stresses when the model is not destroyed and completely destroyed, respectively, is the loss factor, which is 0 when the ice is not destroyed and 1 when the ice is completely destroyed.

[0139] (20)

[0140] is the equivalent stress, is the equivalent stress at the Hugoniot elastic limit.

[0141] Under high strain rate loading, ice is a brittle material that will be destroyed when a very small plastic deformation occurs. In order to simplify the calculation, the plastic deformation stage of ice is ignored, and it is considered that the destruction begins when the elastic deformation of ice reaches the elastic limit, at which time According to equation (19), the stress generated by the ice is:

[0142] (21)

[0143] wherein, A , C , N are the material parameters of the target ice layer; is the normalized hydrostatic pressure; is the normalized maximum tensile stress; is the normalized strain rate.

[0144] (22)

[0145] (23)

[0146] EPSO is the critical value of quasi-static strain rate; is the equivalent plastic strain rate; is the hydrostatic pressure at the elastic limit.

[0147] (24)

[0148] According to the small perturbation assumption of the thin plate, , equation (18) is substituted into equation (24) to obtain:

[0149] (25)

[0150] Substituting equations (22), (23), and (25) into equation (21) gives:

[0151] (26)

[0152] The target ice layer is subjected to the impact of the structure, and the strain gradually increases until the deformation limit is reached and damage occurs. At this time reaches the maximum value, and the damage of the ice under impact is mainly bending damage, so at this time is equal to the bending strength, which is defined as . Equations (17), (20), and (26) can be obtained together:

[0153] (27)

[0154] Equation (27) contains the size parameters and material parameters of the target ice layer and can comprehensively reflect the damage process of the target ice layer under the impact of the structure. In the case where the bending strength of the target ice layer is known, the load limit that the target point of the target ice layer can withstand can be solved. It should be noted that since equation (27) contains a trigonometric series, different expansion terms need to be tried during calculation to ensure the convergence of the final result.

[0155] Specifically, an example is given on how to calculate the ice load of the target ice layer based on the thin plate theory and the JH-2 constitutive model.

[0156] Assume that the structure impacts the center position of the ice layer along the negative direction of the z-axis, and the length, width, and thickness of the ice layer are a, b, and h, respectively. The size of the limit load that causes the ice layer to be damaged is solved.

[0157] (1) The ice material parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0158] Table 1 Ice material parameter table

[0159]

[0160] (2) According to formula (21) (22) is 3438 MPa.

[0161] (3) Since the structure is vertically contacted with the center position of the ice layer along the negative direction of the z axis, the coordinates of the contact point are .

[0162] (4) The ice layer is usually damaged from the contact point, and the coordinates of the contact point are set as , , , . The parameters obtained in steps (1), (2) and (3) are brought into formula (27).

[0163] (5) The number of series expansion terms m , n is set as 1, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, and the expressions obtained through programming calculation are respectively:

[0164]

[0165] It can be seen that the coefficients of different series expansion terms are different; Figure 4 is the third schematic diagram of the ice load prediction method of the structure in the ice breaking process provided by the application, as shown in Figure 4 , when the number of expansion terms is 100, the coefficients are basically convergent, and considering the accuracy and calculation efficiency of the calculation result, the number of series expansion terms is finally taken as 500.

[0166] After calculation, the final result is:

[0167] (28)

[0168] Formula (28) can also be written as:

[0169] (29)

[0170] The relationship between the bending strength of the ice layer and the limit load that the ice plate can bear and the thickness of the ice layer is obtained; in the case where the thickness of the ice layer and the bending strength are known, the limit load that the ice layer can bear can be obtained.

[0171] Figure 5 is the fourth schematic diagram of the ice load prediction method of the structure in the ice breaking process provided by the application, as shown in Figure 5 , the bending strength of the ice layer is measured through experiment For 2.51Mpa, the actual measured ice limit load is compared with the theoretical limit load obtained by formula (29); under the condition of ice layer thickness 1m, the actual limit load of ice layer is 18KN, and the theoretical limit load is 19.9KN, and the difference between the theoretical value and the actual value is 10.6%. It can be seen that the actual limit load and the theoretical limit load are very close, which proves that the theoretical calculation model proposed in the embodiment can better predict the ice load.

[0172] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of an ice load prediction device for a structure icebreaking process provided by the application, as Figure 6 shown, including but not limited to the following modules:

[0173] The acquisition module 601 is configured to acquire the size parameters and material parameters of the target ice layer, and the material parameters include the bending strength.

[0174] The calculation module 602 is configured to calculate the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinates are the action point coordinates of the concentrated load of the target ice layer on the structure, the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load.

[0175] The determination module 603 is configured to determine the equivalent stress of the target ice layer based on the JH-2 constitutive model according to the target stress and the material parameters, and the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load.

[0176] The prediction module 604 is configured to predict the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress, wherein the material parameters include the bending strength.

[0177] Through the embodiments of the present application, the size parameters and material parameters of the target ice layer are acquired; the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer is calculated based on the small perturbation theory of the elastic thin plate according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinates and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinates are the action point coordinates of the concentrated load of the target ice layer on the structure, and the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point; the equivalent stress of the target ice layer is determined based on the JH-2 constitutive model according to the target stress and the material parameters; the to-be-determined load is predicted according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress, wherein the material parameters include the bending strength; the technical problem that the ice load prediction method in the related art cannot accurately predict the limit load of any point of the ice layer is solved, and the accuracy of the ice load prediction in the structure icebreaking process is improved.

[0178] It should be noted that the ice load prediction device for the icebreaking process of the structure provided by the present application can execute the ice load prediction method for the icebreaking process of the structure of any of the above embodiments in specific operation, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

[0179] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application, as Figure 7 shown, the electronic device can include a processor (processor) 710, a communications interface (communications interface) 720, a memory (memory) 730 and a communications bus 740, wherein the processor 710, the communications interface 720, the memory 730 complete the communication between each other through the communications bus 740. The processor 710 can call the logic instructions in the memory 730 to execute the ice load prediction method for the icebreaking process of the structure, which comprises: obtaining the size parameter and the material parameter of the target ice layer, wherein the material parameter includes the bending strength; calculating the target stress of the target point on the target ice layer according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinate and the size parameter, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is the action point coordinate of the target ice layer under the concentrated load of the structure, the to-be-determined load is the maximum concentrated load that the target point can bear, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; determining the equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameter, and the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; and predicting the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress.

[0180] In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 730 described above can be realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or parts of the present application that essentially contribute to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0181] In another aspect, the present application also provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, and the computer program comprises program instructions, when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the ice load prediction method of the structure icebreaking process provided by the above-embodiments, and the method comprises: obtaining size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters comprise a bending strength; calculating a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is a coordinate of a point of action of a concentrated load of the target ice layer by the structure, the to-be-determined load is a maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; determining an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; and predicting the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress.

[0182] In another aspect, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the ice load prediction method of the structure icebreaking process provided by the above-embodiments, and the method comprises: obtaining size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters comprise a bending strength; calculating a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is a coordinate of a point of action of a concentrated load of the target ice layer by the structure, the to-be-determined load is a maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; determining an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; and predicting the to-be-determined load according to the bending strength and the equivalent stress.

[0183] The device embodiments described above are only schematic, wherein the units shown as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement without creative labor.

[0184] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation of the various embodiments by means of software and necessary general hardware platforms through the description of the above embodiments, and of course, the implementation can also be through hardware. Based on such understanding, the above technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method of each embodiment or some parts of the embodiment.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for some technical features thereof; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of predicting ice load in a structural icebreaking process, characterized by, The method comprises: obtaining size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters comprise a bending strength; calculating a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is a concentrated load action point coordinate of the target ice layer on a structure, the to-be-determined load is a maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; determining an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; wherein the method further comprises: determining a relationship between the equivalent stress and the bending strength based on the fact that the target ice layer is damaged when the equivalent stress reaches the bending strength, and determining the to-be-determined load according to the relationship.

2. The ice load prediction method for a structural icebreaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculating a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameters comprises: determining the perturbation degree according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameter ; According to the degree of disorder determining the target stress: ； wherein is the normal stress of the target point along the X direction, is the normal stress of the target point along the Y direction, and together make up the target stress; is the elastic modulus; z is the distance of the target point along the Z direction from the ice layer midplane; is the Poisson's ratio; is the perturbation; is the perturbation to x the second partial derivative of is the perturbation to y the second partial derivative of x is the abscissa of the target point, y is the ordinate of the target point.

3. The ice load prediction method for a structural icebreaking process according to claim 2, characterized in that, determining the disturbance degree according to the to-be-determined load, the current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameter comprising: determining the current concentrated load action point coordinate according to the size parameter and the current concentrated load action point coordinate : ； Based on the simply supported boundary conditions, the double trigonometric series is used to express : ； wherein, is the coefficient to be solved; a , b , h is the size parameter, a is the length of the target ice layer, b is the width of the target ice layer, h is the thickness of the target ice layer; F is the load to be determined; is the abscissa of the current concentrated load point coordinate, is the ordinate of the current concentrated load point coordinate; m , n is the number of series expansion terms.

4. The ice load prediction method for a structural icebreaking process according to claim 3, characterized in that, According to the perturbation Determining the target stress includes: Substituting the determined formula of the target stress, the target stress is: Substituting the determined formula of the target stress, the target stress is: ； Let , the target stress is: 。 5. The ice load prediction method for a structural icebreaking process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determining an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters comprises: hydrostatic pressure based on a small perturbation theory of elastic thin plates, determining the hydrostatic pressure from the target stress: ； determining the equivalent stress according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters based on a JH-2 constitutive model; wherein, is the normal stress of the target point along the Z direction; P is the hydrostatic pressure.

6. The ice load prediction method for a structural icebreaking process according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determining the equivalent stress according to the hydrostatic pressure and the material parameters based on the JH-2 constitutive model comprises: Based on the JH-2 constitutive model, the normalized equivalent stress is: ； The target ice layer is not damaged, is 0, according to the material parameters ； determining the equivalent stress according to the hydrostatic pressure: ； wherein is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer; is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer when it is not damaged; is the normalized equivalent stress of the target ice layer when it is completely damaged; is the loss factor, the target ice layer is not damaged when is 0, the target ice layer is completely damaged when is 1; A , C , N is the material parameter; is the normalized hydrostatic pressure; is the normalized maximum tensile stress of the target ice layer; is the normalized strain rate; is the equivalent stress of the target ice layer at the Hugoniot elastic limit; is the hydrostatic pressure at the Hugoniot elastic limit; is the maximum tensile stress of the target ice layer; EPSO is the quasi-static strain rate critical value; the target ice layer is subjected to the impact action of the structure, the strain gradually increases until the deformation limit occurs and is damaged, the equivalent stress reaches the maximum value, which is considered equal to the bending strength, and is defined as .

7. An apparatus for ice load prediction of a structure icebreaking process, the apparatus being for performing the method of ice load prediction of a structure icebreaking process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by The method comprises: an obtaining module configured to obtain size parameters and material parameters of a target ice layer, wherein the material parameters comprise a bending strength; a calculating module configured to calculate a target stress of a target point on the target ice layer according to a to-be-determined load, a current concentrated load action point coordinate, and the size parameters, wherein the current concentrated load action point coordinate is a concentrated load action point coordinate of the target ice layer on a structure, the to-be-determined load is a maximum concentrated load that can be borne by the target point, and the target stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; a determining module configured to determine an equivalent stress of the target ice layer according to the target stress and the material parameters, wherein the equivalent stress is represented by the to-be-determined load; wherein the apparatus is further configured to: determine a relationship between the equivalent stress and the bending strength based on the fact that the target ice layer is damaged when the equivalent stress reaches the bending strength, and determine the to-be-determined load according to the relationship.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor implements the ice load prediction method of the structure ice-breaking process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program. 9.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program implements the ice load prediction method of the structure ice-breaking process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by the processor.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program implements the ice load prediction method of the structure ice-breaking process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by the processor.

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