A multi-trap waste heat removal device

Abstract

The application provides a multi-heat-sink waste heat discharging device, which comprises a cooling liquid containing body, an air introducing body, a heat exchanger, an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline. The heat exchanger is obliquely arranged in the cooling liquid containing body and can fully occupy the whole cooling liquid containing space so as to better realize water cooling. The air introducing body is butted with at least a part of a first wall of the cooling liquid containing body, the first wall is a shared wall of the cooling liquid containing body and the air introducing body, the first wall is provided with a communication hole, and the cooling liquid can flow from the cooling liquid containing body into the air introducing body through the communication hole. When the height of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body is greater than the height of the region occupied by the communication hole, the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body is used to cool the heat exchanger. When the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body drops to the region occupied by the communication hole, air enters the air introducing body from the air inlet pipeline and then enters the cooling liquid containing body to cool the heat exchanger.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of multi-heat-sink cooling, and particularly relates to a multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device. BACKGROUND

[0002] When a total loss of power accident occurs in a nuclear power plant or a marine floating nuclear power platform, although the reactor is shut down and the core power is reduced to zero, a large amount of residual heat will still be generated by fission fragments and other decay products. If no effective measures are taken, the heat will gradually accumulate, resulting in continuous increase of temperature and pressure in the reactor, and there is a risk of damage to the integrity of the reactor pressure boundary, core melting, and release of radioactive substances.

[0003] At present, a non-active water cooling residual heat removal scheme is adopted to cool the reactor. In this scheme, a steam condensing device is arranged in a high water tank, and the decay heat of the reactor core is removed by means of steam-condensate natural circulation in the steam condensing device and boiling evaporation of cooling water in the water tank. The effective residual heat removal time of the system depends on the water volume in the water tank. The more the water volume, the longer the system running time. Once the cooling water in the water tank is evaporated, the residual heat removal function of the system is lost, and this scheme cannot realize unlimited non-active residual heat removal. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device, which simultaneously adopts air cooling and water cooling, has higher safety, does not need external power and does not need intervention of staff, and can realize unlimited residual heat removal of the reactor.

[0005] The present application provides a multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device, which comprises: a cooling liquid containing body, comprising a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on a first wall and a third wall of the cooling liquid containing body arranged face to face; an air introduction body, which is butted with at least a part of a region of the first wall of the cooling liquid containing body, the first wall is a common wall of the cooling liquid containing body and the air introduction body, and a communication hole is arranged in a region from the bottom to the top of the first wall; a heat exchanger, which is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole;

[0006] an air inlet pipeline, which is arranged at the top of a second wall of the air introduction body, the second wall is arranged face to face with the first wall; and an air outlet pipeline, which is arranged at the top of a third wall of the cooling liquid containing body.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device further comprises a first electromagnetic valve, which is arranged in the air inlet pipeline.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat trap waste heat exhaust device further comprises a second electromagnetic valve, and the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the air introduction body has a height greater than the height of the first wall at which the communication holes are arranged.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the communication holes are arranged in an array on the first wall.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger comprises a first fixed component, an air-cooled heat transfer pipe, a water-cooled heat transfer pipe and a second fixed component, which are sequentially connected, the first fixed component is arranged on the first mounting hole, the second fixed component is arranged on the second mounting hole, the first fixed component is provided with a water vapor inlet, and the second fixed component is provided with a condensed water outlet.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger further comprises an intermediate header, which is connected with the air-cooled heat transfer pipe and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe, respectively.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the angle between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe ranges from 90° to 180°, and the projection height of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe on the first wall is equal to the height of the communication holes from the bottom to the top.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger further comprises a flow guide plate, which is arranged on the intermediate header, the flow guide plate is arranged between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe, and the flow guide plate faces the communication holes.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, the first fixed component is an inlet header, and the second fixed component is an outlet header.

[0016] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] It can be seen from the above scheme that an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-heat-trap waste heat discharge device, which includes a coolant holding body, an air introduction body, a heat exchanger, an air inlet pipe and an air exhaust pipe. The coolant holding body includes a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on the first wall and the third wall of the coolant holding body facing each other. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at opposite ends of the coolant holding body in the height direction. The heat exchanger is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, so that the heat exchanger can fully occupy the entire coolant holding space for better cooling. The air introduction body is connected to at least a part of the first wall of the coolant holding body. The first wall is a common wall of the coolant holding body and the air introduction body. A connecting hole is arranged in an area from the bottom to the top of the first wall, and the coolant can be discharged from the coolant holding body. The air flows into the air introduction body through the connecting hole. When the height of the coolant inside the coolant containing body is greater than the height of the area occupied by the connecting hole, the heat exchanger is mainly cooled by the coolant inside the coolant containing body. When the coolant in the coolant containing body drops to the area occupied by the connecting hole, the air enters the air introduction body from the air inlet pipe, and then enters the interior of the coolant containing body to cool the heat exchanger, and then goes out from the air exhaust pipe. The air inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the second wall of the air introduction body, the connecting hole is arranged at the bottom of the first wall, and the air exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the third wall of the coolant containing body, so that the air circulation distance is longer and the air cooling effect is improved. The multi-heat sink waste heat discharge device of the present application adopts air cooling and water cooling, which is safer and can achieve unlimited discharge of reactor waste heat without external power and staff intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment in a non-operating state;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment at the initial stage of operation;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment in the middle stage of operation;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment in long-term operation state.

[0023] In the figure, 1 - cooling liquid containing body; 11 - first wall; 111 - communication hole; 12 - second wall; 13 - third wall; 2 - air introduction body; 3 - heat exchanger; 31 - first fixed part; 311 - water vapor inlet; 32 - air-cooled heat transfer pipe; 33 - water-cooled heat transfer pipe; 34 - second fixed part; 341 - condensed water outlet; 35 - intermediate header; 4 - air inlet pipe; 5 - air outlet pipe; 6 - first electromagnetic valve; 7 - second electromagnetic valve; 8 - flow guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] When a total loss of power accident occurs in a nuclear power plant or a marine floating nuclear power platform, although the reactor is shut down and the core power is reduced to zero, a large amount of residual heat will still be generated by fission fragments and other decay products. If effective measures are not taken, the heat will gradually accumulate, resulting in continuous increase of temperature and pressure in the reactor, and there is a risk of damage to the integrity of the reactor pressure boundary, core melting, and release of radioactive substances.

[0026] At present, a passive water cooling residual heat removal scheme is adopted to cool the reactor. In the scheme, a steam condensing device is arranged in a high water tank, and the steam-condensate natural circulation in the steam condensing device and the boiling evaporation of cooling water in the water tank are used to remove the core decay heat. The effective residual heat removal time of the system depends on the water volume in the water tank. The more the water volume, the longer the system running time. Then once the cooling water in the water tank is evaporated, the system residual heat removal function is invalid, and the scheme cannot realize the time-limit-free passive residual heat removal.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-heat-trap residual heat removal device, which simultaneously uses air cooling and water cooling, has higher safety, does not need external power and staff intervention, and can realize unlimited residual heat removal of the reactor.

[0028] The following will be described in connection with the drawings in the specification Figures 1-5 The multi-heat-trap residual heat removal device will be described in detail.

[0029] The application provides a multi-heat-sink waste heat exhaust device, which comprises a cooling liquid containing body 1, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are arranged on a first wall 11 and a third wall 13 of the cooling liquid containing body 1 arranged face to face, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at opposite ends of the cooling liquid containing body 1 in the height direction; an air introduction body 2 is butted against at least a partial region of the first wall 11 of the cooling liquid containing body 1, the first wall 11 is a shared wall of the cooling liquid containing body 1 and the air introduction body 2, and a communication hole 111 is arranged in a region from the bottom to the top of the first wall 11; a heat exchanger 3 is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole; an air inlet pipeline 4 is arranged at the top of a second wall 12 of the air introduction body 2, the second wall 12 is arranged face to face with the first wall 11; and an air outlet pipeline 5 is arranged at the top of the third wall 13 of the cooling liquid containing body 1.

[0030] Specifically, the multi-heat-sink waste heat exhaust device comprises the cooling liquid containing body 1, the air introduction body 2, the heat exchanger 3, the air inlet pipeline 4 and the air outlet pipeline 5, the cooling liquid containing body 1 comprises the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are arranged on the first wall 11 and the third wall 13 of the cooling liquid containing body 1 arranged face to face, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at opposite ends of the cooling liquid containing body 1 in the height direction, the heat exchanger 3 is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, so that the heat exchanger 3 can fully occupy the space of the cooling liquid containing body 1, so as to better cool, the air introduction body 2 is butted against at least a partial region of the first wall 11 of the cooling liquid containing body 1, the first wall 11 is a shared wall of the cooling liquid containing body 1 and the air introduction body 2, the communication hole 111 is arranged in a region from the bottom to the top of the first wall 11, the cooling liquid can flow from the cooling liquid containing body 1 into the air introduction body 2 through the communication hole 111, when the height of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body 1 is greater than the height of the region occupied by the communication hole 111, the cooling of the heat exchanger 3 mainly depends on the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body 1, when the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body 1 drops to the region occupied by the communication hole 111, the air enters the air introduction body 2 from the air inlet pipeline 4, then enters the inside of the cooling liquid containing body 1, cools the heat exchanger 3, and then goes out from the air outlet pipeline 5, the air inlet pipeline 4 is arranged at the top of the second wall 12 of the air introduction body 2, the communication hole 111 is arranged at the bottom of the first wall 11, and the air outlet pipeline 5 is arranged at the top of the third wall 13 of the cooling liquid containing body 1, so that the air flow distance is lengthened, and the air cooling efficiency is improved, the multi-heat-sink waste heat exhaust device of the application adopts air cooling and water cooling, is safer, and can realize unlimited exhaust of the reactor waste heat without external power and without intervention of staff.

[0031] Further, the cooling liquid containing body 1 is in the shape of a rectangular body, the air introducing body 2 is in the shape of a rectangular body, the height of the cooling liquid containing body 1 is greater than the height of the air introducing body 2, the width of the cooling liquid containing body 1 is the same as the width of the air introducing body 2, and the length of the cooling liquid containing body 1 is greater than the width of the air introducing body 2. The bottom of the cooling liquid containing body 1 and the bottom of the air introducing body 2 are in the same plane. The first wall 11 is provided with a communication hole 111 in a region from the bottom to the top, and the communication hole 111 is a descending chamber in the region corresponding to the cooling liquid containing body 1, and the region above the descending chamber in the cooling liquid containing body 1 is an ascending chamber.

[0032] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink waste heat exhaust device further comprises a first electromagnetic valve 6, and the first electromagnetic valve 6 is arranged in the air inlet pipeline 4.

[0033] Specifically, the first electromagnetic valve 6 is a normally closed valve when powered on and a normally open valve when powered off.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink waste heat exhaust device further comprises a second electromagnetic valve 7, and the second electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged in the air exhaust pipeline 5.

[0035] Specifically, the second electromagnetic valve 7 is a normally closed valve when powered on and a normally open valve when powered off.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the communication hole 111 is arranged in at least half of the region from the bottom to the top of the first wall 11 in the height direction of the cooling liquid containing body 1, and the height of the air introducing body 2 is greater than the height of the first wall 11 where the communication hole 111 is arranged.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, the communication hole 111 is arranged in at least half of the region from the bottom to the top of the first wall 11 in the height direction of the cooling liquid containing body 1, and the height of the air introducing body 2 is greater than the height of the first wall 11 where the communication hole 111 is arranged.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger 3 comprises a first fixed part 31, an air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32, a water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33, and a second fixed part 34, which are connected in sequence, the first fixed part 31 is arranged in the first mounting hole, the second fixed part 34 is arranged in the second mounting hole, the first fixed part 31 is provided with a water vapor inlet 311, and the second fixed part 34 is provided with a condensed water outlet 341.

[0039] Specifically, the area of the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32 is larger than that of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33, so that the water-cooled heat dissipation can be realized for a longer time under the premise that the waste heat discharge power meets the system demand. The air inlet pipe 4 and the air outlet pipe 5 can be extended to a high place and outside the platform by using a pipe, so as to realize a stronger natural circulation driving force. The cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body 1 submerges the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 and the communication hole 111 of the first wall 11. The first wall 11 is provided with the communication hole 111 in a region from the bottom to the top, and the communication hole 111 is a descending chamber in the region corresponding to the cooling liquid containing body 1, and the region above the descending chamber in the cooling liquid containing body 1 is an ascending chamber.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, an intermediate header 35 is further included, and the intermediate header 35 is connected with the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 respectively.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the included angle between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 ranges from 90° to 180°.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, a flow guide plate 8 is further included, and the flow guide plate 8 is arranged in the intermediate header 35 and between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33. The flow guide plate 8 faces the communication hole 111, and the local micro-circulation of the cooling water formed by the flow guide plate 8 strengthens the convective heat transfer.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the first fixed component 31 is an inlet header, and the second fixed component 34 is an outlet header.

[0044] In the initial stage of operation of the multi-heat-sink waste heat discharge device, the steam entering the heat exchanger 3 is cooled and condensed by the cooling water stored in the cooling liquid containing body 1, and then flows out from the air-cooled, water-cooled and mixed condensate outlet 341. The flow guide plate 8 divides the cooling water in the descending chamber of the cooling liquid containing body 1 into two parts. The cooling water near the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is heated to boiling, and the generated steam is discharged to the atmosphere through the air outlet pipe 5. The cooling liquid far from the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is supplemented to the side near the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 under the action of gravity, forming a local micro-natural circulation of the cooling water and strengthening the convective heat transfer. In the initial stage of operation of the system, the water-cooled cooling is used to discharge the waste heat, which has a better heat transfer effect.

[0045] In the middle of the operation of the multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device, the steam entering the heat exchanger 3 is cooled and condensed by the cooling water stored in the cooling liquid containing body 1, and then flows out from the air-cooled, water-cooled, and mixed condensate outlet 341. The guide plate 8 divides the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body 1 into two parts. The cooling water on the side close to the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is heated to boiling, and the generated steam is discharged to the atmosphere through the air discharge pipe 5. The cooling water on the side away from the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is supplemented to the side close to the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 under the action of gravity, forming a local micro-natural circulation of cooling water and strengthening convective heat transfer. In the middle of the operation of the system, the residual heat is removed by air-cooled, water-cooled mixed cooling.

[0046] In the long-term operation of the multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device, the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body 1 is boiled and evaporated, and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is exposed to the atmosphere. Part of the cold air in the descending chamber enters the gas space close to the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 under the action of the natural circulation driving force formed by the guide plate 8 and the density difference, and exchanges heat with the steam in the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33. Another part of the cold air exchanges heat with the steam in the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32. The air-cooled, water-cooled mixed cooling heat exchanger 3 continuously cools the steam in the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33, achieving passive and unlimited time system heat removal. In the later stage of the operation of the multi-heat-sink residual heat removal device, the cooling water in the cooling liquid containing body 1 is evaporated, and air cooling is used to achieve unlimited time residual heat removal. The rising and descending chambers of the cooling liquid containing body 1 form an air natural circulation flow channel to remove residual heat.

[0047] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-thermal-sink waste heat rejection device characterized by, include: A cooling liquid containing body (1) comprises a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, wherein the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on a first wall (11) and a third wall (13) of the cooling liquid containing body (1) which are arranged face to face, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at opposite ends of the cooling liquid containing body (1) in a height direction; The air introduction body (2) is connected to at least a portion of the first wall (11) of the coolant containing body (1), the first wall (11) being a common wall of the coolant containing body (1) and the air introduction body (2), and a communication hole (111) is provided in a section of the first wall (11) from the bottom to the top; A heat exchanger (3) is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole; An air inlet pipe (4) is arranged on the top of the second wall (12) of the air introduction body (2), and the second wall (12) is arranged face to face with the first wall (11); An air exhaust duct (5) is provided on the top of the third wall (13) of the coolant containing body (1).

2. The multi-trap residual heat removal device according to claim 1, wherein The multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further comprises a first solenoid valve (6), which is arranged on the air inlet pipe (4).

3. The multi-trap residual heat removal device according to claim 1, wherein The multi-heat-sink waste heat discharge device further comprises a second solenoid valve (7), and the second solenoid valve (7) is arranged in the air discharge pipe (5).

4. The multi-trap residual heat removal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein In the height direction of the coolant containing body (1), a connecting hole (111) is provided in at least half of the area from the bottom to the top of the first wall (11), and the height of the air introduction body (2) is greater than the height of the first wall (11) at which the connecting hole (111) is provided.

5. The multi-trap residual heat removal device according to claim 3, wherein A plurality of the communicating holes (111) are provided, and the plurality of communicating holes (111) are arranged in an array on the first wall (11).

6. The multi-trap passive residual heat removal system of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchanger (3) comprises a first fixing component (31), an air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32), a water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) and a second fixing component (34); the first fixing component (31), the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32), the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) and the second fixing component (34) are connected in sequence; the first fixing component (31) is arranged in the first mounting hole; the second fixing component (34) is arranged in the second mounting hole; the first fixing component (31) is provided with a water vapor inlet (311); and the second fixing component (34) is provided with a condensed water outlet (341).

7. The multi-trap residual heat removal device according to claim 6, wherein It also includes an intermediate header (35), which is connected to the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32) and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) respectively.

8. The multi-trap residual heat removal device according to claim 7, wherein The angle between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32) and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) ranges from 90° to 180°, and the projected height of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) on the first wall (11) is equal to the height of the connecting hole (111) from the bottom to the top.

9. The multi-trap residual heat removal device according to claim 8, wherein Further comprising a flow guide plate (8), the flow guide plate (8) is arranged in the intermediate header (35), the flow guide plate (8) is arranged between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32) and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33), the flow guide plate (8) faces the communication hole (111).

10. The multi-trap residual heat removal apparatus according to claim 9, wherein The first fixed component (31) is an inlet header, and the second fixed component (34) is an outlet header.

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