A battery BMS protection board and a battery assembly

Abstract

This invention provides a battery BMS protection board and battery assembly, belonging to the field of battery protection technology. The invention includes a battery module and a connection module. The battery module includes a battery casing, a battery body, a top cover, and a bottom plate. It also includes: a uniform heat dissipation component, a triggering component, and a pressure sealing component. The unique connection between the heat spreader and heat pipe shortens the heat transfer path and reduces thermal resistance; the imperfect sphere creates turbulence to improve heat exchange efficiency; and the snap-fit ​​fixing simplifies installation and maintenance. The heat spreader, in conjunction with the imperfect sphere, provides uniform heat dissipation. The heat pipe uses flexible copper tubing, combined with a micro-pump, cooler, and fan to construct a highly efficient heat dissipation system, ensuring a suitable battery operating temperature. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, it provides dual protection of circuit cutoff and alarm, avoiding false triggering. It is more durable than sensors mounted on the bottom of the battery, reducing maintenance costs. Integrating sealing with battery installation saves time and manpower. Pressure-controlled nozzles and sealant extrusion achieve adaptive sealing, ensuring continuous and effective sealing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery protection technology, and more specifically, to a battery BMS protection board and battery assembly. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of technology and the advancement of emerging technologies such as electric vehicles and drones, lithium batteries and other battery technologies have become important energy storage carriers. However, lithium batteries are prone to problems such as overcharging, over-discharging, and short circuits during use, which may lead to battery damage or even endanger safety. Therefore, the Battery Management System (BMS) has emerged as a key component to ensure battery safety. The main functions of the BMS are battery charge and discharge status monitoring, overcharge and over-discharge protection, temperature protection, and balance management, which aim to improve battery performance, ensure safety, and extend battery life.

[0003] However, current battery technology still has the following drawbacks: Existing technologies mostly use heat pipes to cool the battery. In this heat dissipation method, the heat transfer path is often quite complex. There are multiple layers of media between the coolant and the heat source, resulting in high thermal resistance and limited heat transfer efficiency. The temperature difference between cells may be large. In addition, existing technologies generally monitor battery temperature by installing sensors at the bottom of the battery. During long-term use, the sensors at the bottom of the battery are easily damaged by factors such as battery heating and vibration. The replacement process is cumbersome and costly.

[0004] How to invent a battery BMS protection board and battery assembly to solve these problems has become an urgent issue for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a battery BMS protection board and battery assembly, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a battery BMS protection board and a battery assembly, including a battery module and a connection module. The battery module includes a battery casing, a battery body, a top cover, and a bottom plate. The connection module and the BMS protection board are disposed within the battery body. One end of the connection module is equipped with a connector slot, which is electrically connected to the battery body. The side wall of the battery casing has a ventilation slot. The assembly also includes:

[0008] Uniform heat dissipation component: The uniform heat dissipation component is disposed within the battery body;

[0009] Triggering component: The triggering component is disposed within the uniform heat dissipation component;

[0010] Pressure sealing assembly: The pressure sealing assembly is disposed on both sides of the triggering assembly.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of positioning seats for limiting the battery body are fixedly installed on the base plate, and after the battery body is placed on the positioning seats, there is a gap between the bottom of the battery body and the top of the base plate.

[0012] Preferably, the uniform heat dissipation component includes a micro water pump, a cooling box, a heat dissipation plate, a heat dissipation module, a heat pipe, an incomplete sphere, and a heat dissipation base. The micro water pump and the heat dissipation module are fixedly mounted on the BMS protection board. The cooling box is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the battery casing. The heat dissipation base is fixedly mounted on the base plate. The heat pipe is composed of multiple straight pipes and bent pipes spliced ​​together. The bottom of the straight pipe section of the heat pipe is fixedly snapped onto the heat dissipation base.

[0013] Preferably, a heat dissipation fin is fixedly provided on one side of the heat dissipation module, and a through hole matching the heat dissipation fin is provided on the side wall of the battery casing. A fan is fixedly installed on the top of the heat dissipation module, and a circular cavity is opened in the heat dissipation module corresponding to the fan. An air guide channel is opened between the heat dissipation fins corresponding to the circular cavity. The end of the air guide channel passes through the circular cavity and the side wall of the heat dissipation module, and the end of the heat dissipation fin extends to the outside of the battery casing.

[0014] Preferably, the heat pipe is connected to a connecting pipe one and a connecting pipe three at its two ends, a coil is fixedly installed inside the heat dissipation module, a connecting pipe two is connected to each side of the micro water pump, the end of the connecting pipe one is connected to one end of the coil, the other end of the coil is connected to the micro water pump through the connecting pipe two, one end of the connecting pipe two away from the coil is connected to the inner cavity of the cooling box, and the side of the cooling box away from the micro water pump is connected to the connecting pipe three, and the coil is arranged around the outside of the circular cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the straight section of the heat pipe has a filling area, which is matched with the heat spreader. The incomplete spheres are fixedly disposed at the bottom of the heat spreader and are distributed in a dot matrix at equal intervals. The incomplete spheres are correspondingly disposed with the filling area, and the filling area corresponds to the battery cell part of the battery body. The heat spreader is engaged and attached to the heat pipe through the cooperation of multiple sets of incomplete spheres and the filling area. After the battery body is placed on the positioning seat, the bottom of the battery body is attached to the top of the heat spreader. The heat pipe is a copper pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the cooling box is filled with coolant, and a cooler, a controller, and an alarm are installed on the cooling box. The cooler, controller, alarm, micro water pump, BMS protection board, and fan are electrically connected.

[0017] Preferably, the triggering assembly includes an installation cavity disposed within a partially incomplete sphere and a miniature electric cylinder fixedly installed within a connecting module. A push rod is slidably connected inside the miniature electric cylinder, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod. An insulating rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate facing the insertion slot. A through hole matching the insulating rod is provided through the rear side of the insertion slot. The installation cavities are spaced apart within the partially incomplete spheres in the same row. A spring and a trigger switch are fixedly connected to the bottom of each installation cavity, and the upper end of the spring is fixed... A heat-conducting cylinder is connected, and the heat-conducting cylinder is slidably and sealed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The heat-conducting cylinder is a cylindrical structure with its opening facing downwards. A second spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the heat-conducting cylinder, and a piston block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second spring. The piston block is slidably and sealed to the inner wall of the heat-conducting cylinder. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston block. A limiting hole matching the connecting rod is provided through the top wall of the heat-conducting cylinder. The upper side of the piston block and the inner wall of the heat-conducting cylinder surround each other to form a gas storage cavity, and the interior of the gas storage cavity is filled with high-pressure nitrogen.

[0018] Preferably, the heat-conducting cylinder and the connecting rod are both made of high thermal conductivity material. When the top of the connecting rod and the heat-conducting cylinder are flush with the upper side wall of the heat-spreading plate, there is a gap between the bottom of the piston block and the trigger switch. When the bottom of the piston block contacts the trigger switch, part of the piston block is still inside the heat-conducting cylinder, and the connecting rod still blocks the limiting hole. The trigger switch is electrically connected to the miniature electric cylinder and the alarm. In the initial state, the end of the insulating rod is flush with the bottom of the inner groove of the insertion slot.

[0019] Preferably, the pressure sealing assembly includes a glue storage box fixedly disposed on a heat spreader plate. The top of the glue storage box is flush with the top wall of the heat spreader plate. The glue storage box is distributed on both sides of the incomplete sphere and its lower end is directly opposite the filling area. There is a gap between the bottom of the glue storage box and the bottom of the heat spreader plate. Multiple sets of spray holes are opened at the bottom of the glue storage box. The spray holes are pressure-type. An extrusion block is slidably connected inside the glue storage box. The bottom of the extrusion block and the inner cavity of the glue storage box are pre-filled with silicone sealant. In the initial state, the upper end of the extrusion block is located above the top wall of the heat spreader plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] 1. Through the unique connection design of the heat spreader and heat pipe, the heat transfer path is shortened and the thermal resistance is reduced. When the battery generates a lot of heat under high load charging and discharging, the heat can be quickly transferred from the battery body to the coolant, rapidly reducing the battery temperature and preventing performance degradation due to overheating. At the same time, the incomplete sphere creates turbulence in the heat pipe, increasing the contact area and time between the coolant and the heat spreader, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency and further enhancing heat dissipation capacity. The heat spreader and heat pipe are fixed by snap-fit ​​through the cooperation of the incomplete sphere and the filling area, eliminating the need for welding, simplifying the installation process, and reducing production difficulty and cost.

[0022] 2. The vapor chamber itself has excellent thermal conductivity, combined with the incomplete spheres evenly distributed in a dot matrix pattern at the bottom, to evenly distribute the heat from the bottom of the battery body to the heat pipes, preventing local heat concentration, ensuring uniform battery temperature distribution, effectively avoiding local overheating, improving overall battery performance and stability, and extending battery life; the heat pipes are made of copper tubes with good thermal conductivity and elasticity, ensuring rapid heat transfer, adapting to installation deviations, maintaining good connection and thermal contact with the vapor chamber, a micro water pump drives coolant circulation, a cooler regulates coolant temperature, and a fan assists in heat dissipation, together constructing an efficient and stable heat dissipation circulation system to ensure that the battery is always at a suitable operating temperature.

[0023] 3. By setting the initial gap between the piston block and the trigger switch, and the high-pressure nitrogen pressure in the gas storage chamber, the trigger temperature is precisely controlled, avoiding false triggering caused by factors such as ambient temperature fluctuations. This ensures that the trigger component operates accurately at critical moments, achieving dual protection functions of circuit cut-off and alarm notification. When a battery cell malfunctions, it can promptly cut off the circuit to prevent further damage to the battery, and also alert relevant personnel to handle the situation promptly through the alarm, maximizing the safety of the battery and the entire battery assembly and reducing the risk of safety accidents. Compared to installing sensors at the bottom of the battery, this avoids the problem of frequent replacement due to sensor damage. Even after replacing the battery cell, it can continue to be used without additional adjustments or replacements, reducing maintenance costs and improving the versatility and lifespan of the battery assembly.

[0024] 4. The sealing process is integrated with the battery installation, eliminating the need for additional sealing steps. Sealing is achieved simultaneously with battery installation, saving installation time and labor costs and improving production efficiency. The pressure-controlled nozzle opening and sealant extrusion not only function during battery installation but also trigger sealant replenishment during subsequent battery operations if internal pressure increases due to factors such as temperature changes, achieving adaptive sealing and ensuring the continuity and effectiveness of the seal. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connection module of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the BMS protection plate and heat spreader structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation module of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filling area opening position of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting cylinder distribution structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat spreader plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is the invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 10 This is the invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the imperfect spherical distribution structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is the invention Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the incomplete sphere of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is the invention Figure 13 Enlarged structural diagram at point D.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Battery casing; 2. Connecting module; 3. BMS protection board; 4. Miniature water pump; 5. Cooling tank; 6. Heat spreader; 7. Heat dissipation module; 8. Heat pipe; 9. Incomplete sphere; 10. Ventilation slot; 11. Battery body; 12. Top cover; 13. Base plate; 21. Connecting slot; 22. Miniature electric cylinder; 23. Connecting plate; 51. Cooler; 52. Controller; 53. Alarm; 61. Glue storage box; 62. Extrusion block; 71. Heat dissipation fins; 72. Circular cavity; 73. Air guide channel; 74. Fan; 80. Filling area; 81. Connecting pipe one; 82. Coil; 83. Connecting pipe two; 90. Mounting cavity; 91. Spring one; 92. Heat conduction cylinder; 93. Piston block; 94. Spring two; 95. Trigger switch; 131. Positioning seat; 132. Heat dissipation base; 221. Push rod; 231. Insulating rod; 610. Spray hole; 831. Connecting pipe three; 920. Air storage cavity; 931. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-9 A battery BMS protection board and battery assembly include a battery module and a connection module 2. The battery module includes a battery casing 1, a battery body 11, a top cover 12, and a bottom plate 13. The connection module 2 and the BMS protection board 3 are disposed inside the battery body 11. One end of the connection module 2 is equipped with a plug slot 21, which is electrically connected to the battery body 11 to facilitate battery charging and discharging operations and collaborative work with other components. The side wall of the battery casing 1 is provided with ventilation slots 10 to facilitate air circulation inside the battery assembly and play a role in heat dissipation. The assembly also includes:

[0043] Uniform heat dissipation component: The uniform heat dissipation component is disposed inside the battery body 11;

[0044] Triggering component: The triggering component is located within the uniform heat dissipation component;

[0045] Pressure sealing assembly: The pressure sealing assembly is located on both sides of the trigger assembly.

[0046] Furthermore, multiple positioning seats 131 are fixedly installed on the base plate 13 to limit the position of the battery body 11. After the battery body 11 is placed on the positioning seat 131, there is a gap between the bottom of the battery body 11 and the top of the base plate 13, ensuring that the battery body 11 can be effectively supported.

[0047] The uniform heat dissipation assembly includes a micro water pump 4, a cooling box 5, a heat spreader 6, a heat dissipation module 7, a heat pipe 8, an incomplete sphere 9, and a heat dissipation base 132. The micro water pump 4 and the heat dissipation module 7 are fixedly mounted on the BMS protection board 3. The cooling box 5 is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the battery casing 1. The heat dissipation base 132 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 13. The heat pipe 8 is composed of multiple straight pipes and bent pipes spliced ​​together. The bottom of the straight pipe section of the heat pipe 8 is fixedly clipped onto the heat dissipation base 132. The heat dissipation base 132 serves as the support for the bottom of the heat pipe 8 and the terminal component for heat conduction, transferring heat to a larger area, which helps with heat dissipation.

[0048] Furthermore, a heat dissipation fin 71 is fixedly provided on one side of the heat dissipation module 7, and a through hole matching the heat dissipation fin 71 is provided on the side wall of the battery casing 1. A fan 74 is fixedly installed on the top of the heat dissipation module 7. A circular cavity 72 is opened in the heat dissipation module 7 corresponding to the fan 74. An air guide channel 73 is opened between the heat dissipation fins 71 corresponding to the circular cavity 72. The end of the air guide channel 73 passes through the circular cavity 72 and the side wall of the heat dissipation module 7, and the end of the heat dissipation fin 71 extends to the outside of the battery casing 1. The heat dissipation fin 71 and the air guide channel 73 work together with the fan 74 to perform air cooling and dissipate the heat of the coil 82.

[0049] The heat pipe 8 is connected to two ends by a connecting pipe 1 81 and a connecting pipe 3 831 respectively. The heat dissipation module 7 has a coil 82 fixedly installed inside. The micro water pump 4 is connected to a connecting pipe 2 83 on each side. The end of the connecting pipe 1 81 is connected to one end of the coil 82. The other end of the coil 82 is connected to the micro water pump 4 through the connecting pipe 2 83. The end of the connecting pipe 2 83 away from the coil 82 is connected to the inner cavity of the cooling box 5. The side of the cooling box 5 away from the micro water pump 4 is connected to the connecting pipe 3 831. The coil 82 is arranged around the outside of the circular cavity 72 to ensure that the air force generated by the fan 74 can not only act on the heat dissipation module 7, but also indirectly act on the coil 82. The coolant circulating in the coil 82 can further carry away the heat of the heat dissipation module 7.

[0050] A filling area 80 is provided at the upper end of the straight section of the heat pipe 8. The filling area 80 is matched with the heat spreader 6. Incomplete spheres 9 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat spreader 6 and are distributed in a dot matrix pattern at equal intervals. The incomplete spheres 9 are correspondingly arranged with the filling area 80. The filling area 80 corresponds to the cell part of the battery body 11. The heat spreader 6 is engaged and attached to the heat pipe 8 through the cooperation of multiple sets of incomplete spheres 9 and filling areas 80. After the battery body 11 is placed on the positioning seat 131, the bottom of the battery body 11 is attached to the top of the heat spreader 6 to ensure that the heat spreader 6 can evenly conduct the heat from the bottom of the battery body 11 to the heat pipe. 8. The heat spreader 6, through the cooperation of the incomplete sphere 9 at the bottom and the filling area 80 of the heat pipe 8, can effectively diffuse the heat at the bottom of the battery body 11, avoid local overheating, and ensure uniform temperature distribution of the battery. At this time, the incomplete sphere 9 can not only play a role in locking and positioning, but also create turbulence when the coolant flows through the straight pipe part of the heat pipe 8. This prolongs the heat exchange time between the coolant and the heat spreader 6 and improves the heat exchange efficiency. The heat pipe 8 is a copper pipe, which not only has good thermal conductivity, but also has a certain degree of elasticity. Through cooperation with the incomplete sphere 9, it is easy to install the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8.

[0051] It should be noted that the cooling tank 5 is filled with coolant. The cooling tank 5 is equipped with a cooler 51, a controller 52, and an alarm 53. The cooler 51 is set with different cooling power according to the coolant temperature to ensure the coolant maintains a suitable temperature range. When the heat dissipation system malfunctions, such as excessively high coolant temperature or coolant leakage, an alarm signal can be issued to remind the user or system maintenance personnel to handle the situation promptly, ensuring the safe operation of the battery components. The cooler 51, controller 52, alarm 53, micro water pump 4, BMS protection board 3, and fan 74 are electrically connected. The BMS protection board 3 plays a control and management role in the entire system. It can monitor the battery status and control the operation of the heat dissipation system based on information such as battery temperature, current, and voltage. For example, when the battery temperature is too high, it controls the cooler 51 to start, enhancing the cooling effect; or it controls the speed of the fan 74 to adjust the intensity of air cooling.

[0052] In this embodiment, a filling area 80 is provided at the upper end of the straight section of the heat pipe 8. This design is for precise matching with the heat spreader 6. The shape and size of the filling area 80 match the bottom shape of the heat spreader 6, allowing the two to be tightly connected, laying the foundation for efficient heat conduction. Incomplete spheres 9 are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heat spreader 6 and are distributed in a dot matrix pattern at equal intervals. This distribution method ensures the stability and uniformity of the connection between the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8. The incomplete spheres 9 are correspondingly arranged with the filling area 80. Through this correspondence, the precise snap-fit ​​between the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8 is achieved. When the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8 are assembled, the incomplete spheres 9 are embedded in the filling area 80 to form a tight connection structure. After the battery body 11 is placed on the positioning seat 131, its bottom is tightly fitted with the top of the heat spreader 6. The positioning seat 131 serves to fix the position of the battery body 11, ensuring that the battery body 11 and the heat spreader 6 always maintain good thermal contact, and heat can be smoothly transferred from the bottom of the battery body 11 to the heat spreader 6.

[0053] In particular, traditional heat dissipation methods often involve complex heat transfer paths, with multiple layers of media between the coolant and the heat source, resulting in high thermal resistance and limited heat transfer efficiency. However, in this design, part of the heat spreader 6 and the incomplete sphere 9 are directly connected inside the heat pipe 8, directly contacting the flowing coolant. This design significantly shortens the heat transfer path and reduces thermal resistance. When the battery body 11 generates heat, it is conducted through the heat spreader 6 to the incomplete sphere 9, and then directly transferred to the coolant. The heat can be quickly carried away by the coolant, greatly improving heat dissipation efficiency. For example, during high-load charging and discharging... During the process, the battery generates a large amount of heat. This direct contact heat dissipation method can respond quickly and reduce the battery temperature rapidly, avoiding performance degradation due to overheating. In this design, the ingenious cooperation between the incomplete sphere 9 and the filling area 80 achieves the snap-fit ​​fixation between the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8 without additional welding operations. This not only simplifies the installation process and reduces production difficulty and cost, but also improves the maintainability of the product. In later maintenance or replacement of parts, it can be easily disassembled for repair or replacement, saving time and labor costs, and also reducing the potential failure risk caused by welding problems.

[0054] The heat spreader 6 can evenly conduct heat from the bottom of the battery body 11 to the heat pipe 8. This is because the heat spreader 6 itself has good thermal conductivity and can quickly absorb heat from the bottom of the battery body 11. Through the cooperation of the incomplete spheres 9 at the bottom and the filling area 80 of the heat pipe 8, the heat is distributed to the heat pipe 8. Since the incomplete spheres 9 are distributed in a lattice pattern at equal intervals, the heat can be evenly distributed to various parts of the heat pipe 8 during the transfer process, avoiding the concentration of heat in local areas. This ensures that the battery temperature is evenly distributed and effectively prevents local overheating of the battery. Local overheating may lead to a decrease in battery performance, a shortened lifespan, or even safety problems. This heat spreader design greatly improves the overall performance and stability of the battery.

[0055] The imperfect spheres 9 play a unique role in creating turbulence as the coolant flows through the straight section of the heat pipe 8. When the coolant flows within the heat pipe 8 and encounters the spaced-apart imperfect spheres 9, the previously relatively stable laminar flow is disrupted, forming turbulence. Turbulence is characterized by more disordered fluid flow and more intense mixing within the fluid. This turbulent state increases the contact area and extends the contact time between the coolant and the heat spreader 6, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency. Compared to the relatively slow and limited heat exchange process under laminar flow conditions, turbulence can more quickly remove heat from the heat spreader 6, further enhancing the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling system.

[0056] The heat pipe 8 is made of copper, which has excellent thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer heat to other components, such as the heat sink base 132 and the cooling box 5, ensuring the efficient operation of the entire heat dissipation system. At the same time, the copper pipe has a certain degree of elasticity, which allows the heat pipe 8 to better adapt to minor deviations and deformations during the installation process when it is in conjunction with the incomplete sphere 9. When the heat spreader 6 is snapped together with the heat pipe 8 through the incomplete sphere 9, the elasticity of the copper pipe can make the connection between the two tighter and facilitate the installation operation. Even if there are some slight positional deviations during the installation process, the elasticity of the copper pipe can adjust to a certain extent through its own deformation, ensuring that the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8 maintain good thermal contact and connection stability.

[0057] The miniature water pump 4 is the power core of the entire coolant circulation. After starting, the miniature water pump 4 draws coolant from the cooling tank 5 through the second connecting pipe 83 and pumps it into the coil 82 inside the heat dissipation module 7. In the coil 82, the coolant absorbs the heat from the heat dissipation module 7 and flows into the heat pipe 8 through the first connecting pipe 81. It then flows into the third connecting pipe 831 through the other end of the heat pipe 8 and finally flows back into the cooling tank 5. During this process, the temperature of the coolant will rise. The cooler 51 in the cooling tank 5 will adjust the cooling power according to the temperature of the coolant through the controller 52 to cool the coolant and keep it within a suitable temperature range for reuse.

[0058] When the fan 74 is running, it generates airflow. This airflow enters the circular cavity 72 inside the heat dissipation module 7 through the air guide channel 73. The heat dissipation fins 71 increase the heat dissipation area, so that when the air flows through the heat dissipation fins 71, it can carry away the heat dissipated by the heat dissipation module 7 to the surroundings. Since the coil 82 is arranged around the outside of the circular cavity 72, the airflow generated by the fan 74 not only directly acts on the heat dissipation fins 71 and the heat dissipation module 7, but also indirectly acts on the coil 82, accelerating the dissipation of heat from the coolant inside the coil 82.

[0059] The battery body 11 generates heat during operation. The heat is first transferred to the heat spreader 6 attached to its bottom. Then, the incomplete spheres 9, which are evenly distributed in a dot matrix pattern at the bottom of the heat spreader 6, conduct the heat evenly to the heat pipe 8. The heat pipe 8 has good thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer the heat to the heat dissipation base 132. At the same time, it is connected to the cooling box 5 and the coil 82 of the heat dissipation module 7 through connecting pipes to transfer the heat to the coolant. During the circulation process, the coolant carries the heat back to the cooling box 5 for cooling. The air cooling process driven by the fan 74 further accelerates the dissipation of heat to the outside, thus forming an efficient and stable heat dissipation circulation system to ensure that the battery is always at a suitable operating temperature.

[0060] The unique connection design between the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8 shortens the heat transfer path and reduces thermal resistance. When the battery generates a large amount of heat during high-load charging and discharging, it can quickly transfer heat from the battery body 11 to the coolant, rapidly reducing the battery temperature and preventing performance degradation due to overheating. Simultaneously, the incomplete sphere 9 creates turbulence within the heat pipe 8, increasing the contact area and time between the coolant and the heat spreader 6, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency and further enhancing heat dissipation. The heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8 are fixed together by the incomplete sphere 9 and the filling area 80, eliminating the need for welding, simplifying the installation process, reducing production difficulty and cost. Later maintenance or component replacement is easy, saving time and labor costs, and reducing welding-related issues. The potential failure risks are mitigated by the excellent thermal conductivity of the heat spreader 6, combined with the equidistant, dot-matrix-shaped incomplete spheres 9 at the bottom, which evenly distribute the heat from the bottom of the battery body 11 to the heat pipe 8. This prevents localized heat concentration, ensures uniform battery temperature distribution, effectively avoids localized overheating, improves overall battery performance and stability, and extends battery life. The heat pipe 8 uses copper tubing with good thermal conductivity and elasticity to ensure rapid heat transfer, adapt to installation deviations, maintain good connection and thermal contact with the heat spreader 6, drive coolant circulation with a micro water pump 4, regulate coolant temperature with a cooler 51, and assist in heat dissipation. Together, they form an efficient and stable heat dissipation circulation system to ensure the battery is always at a suitable operating temperature.

[0061] Example 2, refer to Figures 7-14The triggering assembly includes a mounting cavity 90 located within a partially incomplete sphere 9 and a miniature electric cylinder 22 fixedly mounted within a connecting module 2. A push rod 221 is slidably connected inside the miniature electric cylinder 22. A connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 221. An insulating rod 231 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate 23 facing the insertion slot 21. A through hole matching the insulating rod 231 is provided on the rear side of the insertion slot 21. This design is intended to quickly cut off the circuit connection when the triggering condition is met, thus protecting the battery. The mounting cavities 90 are spaced apart within the partially incomplete spheres 9 in the same row. A spring 91 and a trigger switch 95 are fixedly connected to the bottom of each mounting cavity 90. A heat-conducting cylinder 92 is fixedly connected to the upper end of 91. The heat-conducting cylinder 92 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 90 to ensure that the gas does not leak and to maintain the stability of the internal pressure environment. The heat-conducting cylinder 92 is a cylindrical structure with the opening facing downward. A spring 94 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the heat-conducting cylinder 92. A piston block 93 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the spring 94. The piston block 93 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the heat-conducting cylinder 92. A connecting rod 931 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston block 93. A limiting hole matching the connecting rod 931 is provided through the top wall of the heat-conducting cylinder 92. The upper side of the piston block 93 and the inner wall of the heat-conducting cylinder 92 surround each other to form a gas storage cavity 920. The gas storage cavity 920 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen.

[0062] Furthermore, both the heat-conducting cylinder 92 and the connecting rod 931 are made of highly thermally conductive materials, which can efficiently transfer the heat generated by the battery cell. There is a gap between the bottom of the piston block 93, which is flush with the top of the connecting rod 931 and the heat-conducting cylinder 92 and the upper side wall of the heat-spreading plate 6, and the trigger switch 95, to avoid accidental triggering. When the bottom of the piston block 93 contacts the trigger switch 95, part of the piston block 93 is still inside the heat-conducting cylinder 92, and the connecting rod 931 still blocks the limiting hole to ensure that gas does not leak out. The trigger switch 95 is electrically connected to the micro electric cylinder 22 and the alarm 53. When the trigger switch 95 is triggered, the micro electric cylinder 22 will start and the alarm 53 will sound an alarm. The circuit connection in the plug slot 21 will be cut off through the insulating rod 231. In the initial state, the end of the insulating rod 231 is flush with the inner bottom of the plug slot 21 to ensure that it will not affect the normal power supply of the battery.

[0063] It should be noted that when the battery is working normally, the temperature of the cell is normal. At this time, the temperature inside the gas storage chamber 920 is not enough to cause the nitrogen inside to expand sufficiently. At this time, the trigger switch 95 will not be triggered by the piston block 93. However, when the cell is thermally runaway, the temperature at the bottom of the cell is higher, which is enough to cause the gas in the adjacent gas storage chamber 920 to expand sufficiently, thereby effectively triggering subsequent operations.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the battery body 11 is working normally, the cell temperature is within the normal range, and the nitrogen temperature in the gas storage chamber 920 is insufficient to cause significant expansion. The piston block 93 remains in place under the action of the spring 94, and the trigger switch 95 is not triggered. Once thermal runaway occurs in the cell, the temperature rises sharply, and the heat is efficiently transferred to the incomplete sphere 9 through the heat spreader 6, and then conducted to the gas storage chamber 920 through the heat-conducting cylinder 92 made of high thermal conductivity material and the connecting rod 931. The high-pressure nitrogen in the gas storage chamber 920 expands due to heat, and the pressure increases.

[0065] The pressure generated by the expansion of high-pressure nitrogen pushes piston block 93 downward against the elastic force of spring 94. Since piston block 93 slides and seals against the inner wall of heat-conducting cylinder 92, the gas will not leak out, ensuring that the pressure acts stably on piston block 93. When the bottom of piston block 93 contacts trigger switch 95, trigger switch 95 is triggered. At this time, part of piston block 93 is still inside heat-conducting cylinder 92, and connecting rod 931 still blocks the limiting hole, maintaining structural stability and gas sealing, ensuring the reliability of triggering, and avoiding safety hazards caused by false triggering and gas leakage.

[0066] When the trigger switch 95 is triggered, because it is electrically connected to the miniature electric cylinder 22 and the alarm 53, it will immediately send an electrical signal to the miniature electric cylinder 22. The miniature electric cylinder 22 starts, the push rod 221 retracts, and the insulating rod 231 is inserted into the plug slot 21, which quickly cuts off the circuit connection and prevents abnormal current from damaging the battery. At the same time, the alarm 53 sounds an alarm to promptly notify the user or maintenance personnel that the battery is abnormal so that appropriate measures can be taken.

[0067] By setting the initial gap between the piston block 93 and the trigger switch 95, and the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen in the gas storage chamber 920, the trigger temperature can be controlled. The protection mechanism will only be triggered when the cell temperature rises high enough to cause the high-pressure nitrogen to expand and push the piston block 93 to a specific position. This avoids false triggering caused by factors such as ambient temperature fluctuations and ensures that the trigger component operates accurately at critical moments. The trigger component realizes the dual protection function of circuit cut-off and alarm notification. When the battery cell is abnormal, it can cut off the circuit in time to prevent further damage to the battery, and also issue an alarm through the alarm 53 to remind relevant personnel to deal with it in time, so as to maximize the safety of the battery and the entire battery assembly and reduce the risk of safety accidents.

[0068] Compared to installing sensors at the bottom of the battery, this triggering component avoids the problem of frequent replacements due to sensor damage. Traditional bottom sensors are easily damaged by factors such as battery heat and vibration during long-term use, and the replacement process is cumbersome and costly. In contrast, this triggering component is relatively independent of the battery cell but closely related to it. Even after the battery cell is replaced, it can still be used without additional adjustments or replacements to the triggering component, which greatly reduces maintenance costs and improves the versatility and lifespan of the battery pack.

[0069] Example 3, refer to Figures 9-12 The pressure sealing assembly includes a glue storage box 61 fixedly mounted on a heat exchange plate 6. The top of the glue storage box 61 is flush with the top wall of the heat exchange plate 6. The glue storage boxes 61 are distributed on both sides of the incomplete sphere 9 and their lower ends are directly opposite the filling area 80. There is a gap between the bottom of the glue storage box 61 and the bottom of the heat exchange plate 6. Multiple sets of spray holes 610 are opened at the bottom of the glue storage box 61. The spray holes 610 are pressure-type, so that the spraying of the sealant is controlled by pressure, making it more targeted and controllable. An extrusion block 62 is slidably connected inside the glue storage box 61. The extrusion block 62 can move inside the glue storage box 61 to control the extrusion of the sealant.

[0070] Furthermore, the space between the bottom of the extrusion block 62 and the inner cavity of the glue storage box 61 is pre-filled with silicone sealant. When heated, the active groups in the thermosetting silicone sealant undergo a cross-linking reaction to form a stable silicon-oxygen bond network structure, thereby enhancing the sealing performance. It has excellent high-temperature resistance and can be used for a long time in high-temperature environments without failure, generally withstanding high temperatures of 200℃-300℃. At the same time, it has good flexibility and can deform with the deformation of the sealed material during thermal expansion and contraction, always maintaining the sealing effect. In addition, it also has good weather resistance and electrical insulation. In the initial state, the upper end of the extrusion block 62 is located above the top wall of the heat spreader 6, reserving space for subsequent sealing actions.

[0071] In this embodiment, after the heat spreader 6 is installed, the battery body 11 can be installed. The bottom of the battery body 11 will press down on the extrusion block 62 until the upper end of the extrusion block 62 is flush with the top of the glue storage box 61. The pressing down of the extrusion block 62 will increase the pressure inside the glue storage box 61. As the internal pressure of the glue storage box 61 increases, when the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the nozzle 610, the nozzle 610 opens. At this time, the silicone sealant pre-filled between the bottom of the extrusion block 62 and the inner cavity of the glue storage box 61 is sprayed out in a fine stream through the nozzle 610 under the continuous extrusion of the extrusion block 62. The sprayed sealant accurately covers and fills the filling area 80, tightly sealing the connection between the heat spreader 6 and the heat pipe 8, forming an effective protective barrier between the two, thereby preventing the intrusion of external dust, moisture and other impurities, and ensuring the stability and safety of the internal structure of the battery.

[0072] By integrating the sealing process with the installation of the battery body 11, no additional sealing steps are required. Sealing is achieved simultaneously with battery installation, saving installation time and labor costs and improving production efficiency. The close arrangement of the glue storage box 61 with components such as the heat dissipation plate 6 and the incomplete sphere 9 allows it to work in conjunction with heat dissipation and triggering components. The pressure control of the nozzle 610 opening and the extrusion of sealant not only plays a role during battery installation, but also triggers sealant replenishment during subsequent battery operation if the internal pressure increases due to factors such as temperature changes, achieving adaptive sealing and ensuring the continuity and effectiveness of the seal.

[0073] The control method of the present invention is automatic control through controller 52. The control circuit of controller 52 can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, the present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail.

[0074] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the fan 74, the miniature water pump 4, the miniature electric cylinder 22, and the cooler 51 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery assembly, comprising a battery module and a connection module (2), wherein the battery module comprises a battery casing (1), a battery body (11), a top cover (12), and a bottom plate (13), wherein the battery body (11) is provided with the connection module (2) and a BMS protection board (3), one end of the connection module (2) is provided with a plug slot (21), the plug slot (21) is electrically connected to the battery body (11), and the side wall of the battery casing (1) is provided with a ventilation slot (10), characterized in that, Also includes: Uniform heat dissipation assembly: The uniform heat dissipation assembly is disposed inside the battery body (11); the uniform heat dissipation assembly includes a micro water pump (4), a cooling box (5), a heat spreader (6), a heat dissipation module (7), a heat pipe (8), an incomplete sphere (9), and a heat dissipation base (132). The micro water pump (4) and the heat dissipation module (7) are fixedly disposed on the BMS protection board (3). The cooling box (5) is fixedly disposed on the inner bottom wall of the battery casing (1). The heat dissipation base (132) is fixedly disposed on the base plate (13). The heat pipe (8) is composed of multiple straight pipes and bent pipes spliced ​​together. The bottom of the straight pipe part of the heat pipe (8) is fixedly clipped onto the heat dissipation base (132). A filling area (80) is provided at the upper end of the straight tube section of the tube (8). The filling area (80) is matched with the heat spreader (6). The incomplete spheres (9) are fixedly set at the bottom of the heat spreader (6) and are distributed in a dot matrix pattern at equal intervals. The incomplete spheres (9) are correspondingly set with the filling area (80). The filling area (80) corresponds to the cell part of the battery body (11). The heat spreader (6) is snapped and attached to the heat pipe (8) through the cooperation of multiple sets of incomplete spheres (9) and filling area (80). After the battery body (11) is placed on the positioning seat (131), the bottom of the battery body (11) is attached to the top of the heat spreader (6). The heat pipe (8) is a copper tube. Triggering Component: The triggering component is disposed within the uniform heat dissipation component; the triggering component includes an installation cavity (90) disposed within a partially incomplete sphere (9) and a miniature electric cylinder (22) fixedly installed within the connecting module (2). A push rod (221) is slidably connected inside the miniature electric cylinder (22). A connecting plate (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod (221). An insulating rod (231) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate (23) facing the insertion slot (21). An insulating rod (231) is provided through the rear side of the insertion slot (21) and connected to the insulating rod (231). 31) Matching through holes, the mounting cavities (90) are spaced apart in the same row of incomplete spheres (9), the bottom of the mounting cavity (90) is fixedly connected to a spring (91) and a trigger switch (95), the upper end of the spring (91) is fixedly connected to a heat-conducting cylinder (92), the heat-conducting cylinder (92) is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity (90), the heat-conducting cylinder (92) is a cylindrical structure with the opening facing downward, the inner top wall of the heat-conducting cylinder (92) is fixedly connected to a spring (94), the lower end of the spring (94) is fixedly connected to A piston block (93) is provided, which is slidably and sealed to the inner wall of the heat-conducting cylinder (92). A connecting rod (931) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston block (93). A limiting hole matching the connecting rod (931) is provided through the top wall of the heat-conducting cylinder (92). The upper side of the piston block (93) and the inner wall of the heat-conducting cylinder (92) surround each other to form a gas storage cavity (920). The gas storage cavity (920) is filled with high-pressure nitrogen. Both the heat-conducting cylinder (92) and the connecting rod (931) are made of high thermal conductivity materials. 1) When the top of the heat-conducting cylinder (92) is flush with the upper side wall of the heat-spreading plate (6), there is a gap between the bottom of the piston block (93) and the trigger switch (95). When the bottom of the piston block (93) contacts the trigger switch (95), part of the piston block (93) is still inside the heat-conducting cylinder (92), and the connecting rod (931) still blocks the limiting hole. The trigger switch (95) is electrically connected to the miniature electric cylinder (22) and the alarm (53). In the initial state, the end of the insulating rod (231) is flush with the bottom of the inner groove of the insertion slot (21). Pressure sealing assembly: The pressure sealing assembly is disposed on both sides of the trigger assembly. The pressure sealing assembly includes a glue storage box (61) fixedly disposed on the heat spreader (6). The top of the glue storage box (61) is flush with the top wall of the heat spreader (6). The glue storage box (61) is distributed on both sides of the incomplete sphere (9) and its lower end is directly opposite the filling area (80). There is a gap between the bottom of the glue storage box (61) and the bottom of the heat spreader (6). Multiple sets of spray holes (610) are opened at the bottom of the glue storage box (61). The spray holes (610) are pressure-type. An extrusion block (62) is slidably connected inside the glue storage box (61). The bottom of the extrusion block (62) and the inner cavity of the glue storage box (61) are pre-filled with silicone sealant. In the initial state, the upper end of the extrusion block (62) is located above the top wall of the heat spreader (6).

2. A battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple positioning seats (131) are fixedly installed on the base plate (13) to limit the position of the battery body (11). After the battery body (11) is placed on the positioning seat (131), there is a gap between the bottom of the battery body (11) and the top of the base plate (13).

3. A battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat dissipation fin (71) is fixedly provided on one side of the heat dissipation module (7). The side wall of the battery casing (1) is provided with a through hole that matches the heat dissipation fin (71). A fan (74) is fixedly installed on the top of the heat dissipation module (7). A circular cavity (72) is opened in the heat dissipation module (7) corresponding to the fan (74). An air guide channel (73) is opened between the heat dissipation fins (71) corresponding to the circular cavity (72). The end of the air guide channel (73) passes through the circular cavity (72) and the side wall of the heat dissipation module (7). The end of the heat dissipation fin (71) extends to the outside of the battery casing (1).

4. A battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pipe (8) is connected to a connecting pipe one (81) and a connecting pipe three (831) at its two ends respectively. A coil (82) is fixedly installed inside the heat dissipation module (7). A connecting pipe two (83) is connected to each side of the micro water pump (4). The end of the connecting pipe one (81) is connected to one end of the coil (82). The other end of the coil (82) is connected to the micro water pump (4) through the connecting pipe two (83). One end of the connecting pipe two (83) away from the coil (82) is connected to the inner cavity of the cooling box (5). The side of the cooling box (5) away from the micro water pump (4) is connected to the connecting pipe three (831). The coil (82) is arranged around the outside of the circular cavity (72).

5. A battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the cooling box (5) is filled with coolant. The cooling box (5) is equipped with a cooler (51), a controller (52) and an alarm (53). The cooler (51), controller (52), alarm (53), micro water pump (4), BMS protection board (3) and fan (74) are electrically connected.

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