Power supply circuit and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a power supply circuit and electronic equipment. The power supply circuit comprises a power supply circuit, an inductance circuit, a voltage conversion circuit and a bypass circuit capable of bypassing the inductance circuit, one end of the inductance circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit, the other end of the inductance circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the load, and the bypass circuit is connected with the inductance circuit in parallel; the voltage conversion circuit comprises a switch and a capacitor; and the switch is used for periodically switching between a first switching state and a second switching state under the condition that the inductive circuit is not bypassed, so that the inductive circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular to a power supply circuit and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] The electronic device includes a battery and a load, and the battery supplies power to the load. Different types of loads may require different power supply voltages, for example, a high-voltage load requires a higher power supply voltage than a conventional load.

[0003] In the related art, a charge pump and a DC boost circuit are connected between the battery and the high-voltage load. For the high-voltage load, when the discharge voltage of the battery is low, the charge pump reduces the discharge voltage of the battery by half, and then boosts it through the DC boost circuit, and then supplies normal power to the high-voltage load.

[0004] However, the related art requires two-stage conversion, namely, a charge pump and a DC boost circuit, and the voltage conversion efficiency is low, which affects the quality of power supply to the electronic equipment load. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a power supply circuit and electronic device that can improve the efficiency of power supply to a load in response to the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power supply circuit, which includes a power supply circuit, an inductance circuit, a voltage conversion circuit, and a bypass circuit that can bypass the inductance circuit, wherein one end of the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit, the other end of the inductance circuit is connected to the power supply circuit, the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the load, and the bypass circuit and the inductance circuit are connected in parallel; wherein the bypass circuit is not bypassed when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to a preset voltage value; the voltage conversion circuit includes a switch and a capacitor, and the switch is used to periodically switch between a first switch state and a second switch state when the inductance circuit is not bypassed, so that the inductance circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the power supply circuit and the load as described in the first aspect above.

[0008] The above-mentioned power supply circuit and electronic equipment, the power supply circuit includes a power supply circuit, an inductance circuit, a voltage conversion circuit and a bypass circuit that can bypass the inductance circuit, wherein one end of the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit, the other end of the inductance circuit is connected to the power supply circuit, the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the load, and the bypass circuit and the inductance circuit are connected in parallel; wherein the bypass circuit is not bypassed when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to a preset voltage value; the bypass circuit is bypassed when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is greater than a preset voltage value; the voltage conversion circuit includes a switch and a capacitor; the switch is used to periodically switch between a first switch state and a second switch state when the inductance circuit is not bypassed, so that the inductance circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged; the switch is also used to periodically switch between a third switch state and a fourth switch state when the inductance circuit is bypassed, so that the capacitor is periodically charged and discharged. Since the bypass circuit does not bypass when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit and the power supply circuit, which is equivalent to the power supply of the power supply circuit being converted by the inductance circuit and the voltage conversion circuit to supply power to the load. In this way, during the periodic charging and discharging of the inductance circuit and the capacitor, the characteristics of the inductance in the inductance circuit are utilized so that the power supply voltage provided to the load after conversion meets the requirements of the load, for example, the power supply requirements of the high-voltage load are met. In this way, when supplying power to the high-voltage load, the load can be supplied with power without the need for multi-stage conversion through other circuits outside the power supply circuit, thereby improving the power supply efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power supply structure of an electronic device in a related art in an embodiment;

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply circuit in one embodiment;

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply circuit in an embodiment;

[0013] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection in a first switch state in an embodiment;

[0014] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase simplified circuit structure in a first switching state in an embodiment;

[0015] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection in a second switch state in an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase simplified circuit structure in a second switching state in an embodiment;

[0017] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection in a third switch state in an embodiment;

[0018] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection in a fourth switch state in an embodiment;

[0019] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply circuit in an embodiment;

[0020] Fig.11 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another power supply circuit in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0023] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used to describe various elements in this article, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first resistor can be referred to as the second resistor, and similarly, the second resistor can be referred to as the first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0024] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0025] It can be understood that “at least one” means one or more, “plurality” means two or more, and “at least a portion of an element” means a part or all of an element.

[0026] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0027] The discharge cut-off voltage of traditional lithium batteries in electronic devices such as smartphones is about 3.4V. If two batteries are connected in series as the power source of the electronic device, the discharge cut-off voltage reaches about 6.8V. For the case of two batteries in series, when lithium batteries are used for power supply, a charge pump is used to reduce the voltage by half to supply power to the loads in the electronic device. The loads are divided into two categories: conventional loads and high-voltage loads. Among them, the power supply voltage required for conventional loads is usually above 3V, and the power supply voltage required for high-voltage loads is usually above 3.4V. In this way, after reducing the voltage by half, the needs of various loads can be met and they can be powered.

[0028] With the continuous development of battery-related technologies, more new types of batteries for electronic devices have emerged, such as silicon negative electrode batteries. The discharge cut-off voltage of silicon negative electrode batteries in electronic devices such as smartphones is about 3V. For the case of dual-cell series connection, when using silicon negative electrode batteries for power supply, if the 3V power supply after the charge pump drops half the voltage directly is used for power supply, it can meet the needs of conventional loads, but may not meet the power supply needs of high-voltage loads.

[0029] In the related technology, taking the power supply of a silicon negative electrode battery with two cells in series as an example, for high-voltage loads, when the voltage of the power supply is higher than 6.8V, the charge pump reduces the voltage and directly supplies power to the high-voltage load through the bypass path; when the voltage of the power supply is lower than 6.8V, the charge pump reduces the voltage by half and then boosts the voltage through the basic DC boost circuit to supply power to the high-voltage load to meet the power supply needs of the high-voltage load. The relevant circuit connection is as follows Figure 1However, the related art requires two-stage conversion of a charge pump and a DC boost circuit, and the voltage conversion efficiency is low, which affects the quality of the electronic equipment load power supply. In addition, the circuit in the related art requires two-stage conversion of a charge pump and a DC boost circuit, which increases the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) area of ​​the electronic equipment.

[0030] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply circuit, which is used in electronic devices. Since the inductor and the charge pump circuit are integrated, the efficiency loss caused by the traditional cascade solution is avoided, and the power supply efficiency of the electronic device can be improved. In addition, compared with the DC boost circuit, the power supply circuit in the embodiment of the present application integrates the inductor and the charger pump circuit, cancels the bypass / boost circuit at the later stage, and can reduce the PCB area.

[0031] In one embodiment, Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply circuit shown. The power supply circuit includes a power supply circuit, an inductance circuit, a voltage conversion circuit, and a bypass circuit that can bypass the inductance circuit, wherein one end of the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit, the other end of the inductance circuit is connected to the power supply circuit, the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the load, and the bypass circuit and the inductance circuit are connected in parallel; wherein the bypass circuit is not bypassed when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to a preset voltage value; the voltage conversion circuit includes a switch and a capacitor, and the switch is used to periodically switch between a first switch state and a second switch state when the inductance circuit is not bypassed, so that the inductance circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged. Compared with the traditional inductance charge and discharge conversion circuit, the capacitor in the embodiment of the present application also participates in the charge and discharge process, thereby reducing the current of the inductance in the conversion process, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the inductance.

[0032] The inductor circuit includes an inductor, and the voltage conversion circuit includes a capacitor.

[0033] The bypass circuit is connected in parallel with the inductor circuit, and the bypass circuit can be used to bypass the inductor circuit. When the bypass circuit is bypassed, the inductor circuit is short-circuited and does not work; when the bypass circuit is not bypassed, the inductor circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit and acts on the conversion process of the discharge voltage.

[0034] The bypass circuit does not bypass when the discharge voltage of the power circuit is less than or equal to the preset voltage value. Correspondingly, the bypass circuit bypasses when the discharge voltage of the power circuit is greater than the preset voltage value.

[0035] When the discharge voltage is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the bypass circuit is not bypassed. At this time, the inductor circuit and the voltage conversion circuit are connected, which is equivalent to the two being integrated into a conversion circuit as a whole, which is used to convert the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit into the power supply voltage required by the load to power the load.

[0036] When the inductor circuit is not bypassed, the switch is periodically switched between the first switch state and the second switch state, so that the inductor circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged, that is, in a single cycle, in the first conversion cycle, the switch in the voltage conversion circuit is in the first switch state, and the power circuit charges the inductor and the capacitor. In the second conversion cycle, the switch is switched to the second switch state, the inductor and the capacitor are connected in series, and the inductor is discharged through the capacitor.

[0037] It can be seen that in a single cycle, the capacitor and inductor are changed from parallel connection in the charging stage of the first conversion cycle to series connection in the discharging stage of the second conversion cycle. Combined with the principle that the voltage of the capacitor cannot change suddenly, the volt-second product of the inductor in the charging stage and the volt-second product of the inductor in the discharging stage are obtained.

[0038] Under steady-state conditions, combined with the volt-second balance principle of inductance, it can be known that the volt-second product of the inductance during the charging phase is equal to the volt-second product of the inductance during the discharging phase. Based on this, the relationship between the load supply voltage Vout and the discharge voltage Vin of the power circuit can be deduced as: Vout = Vin / (2-D). Where D is the duty cycle of the switching cycle.

[0039] Then, in the power supply circuit, it is only necessary to adjust D reasonably to achieve a Vout output range between Vin / 2 and Vin, that is, the power supply voltage Vout provided to the load after conversion by the inductor circuit and the voltage conversion circuit is between Vin / 2 and Vin.

[0040] Optionally, the power supply circuit may include a control circuit, which is connected to the switch. The control circuit determines the value of D according to the voltage Vout of the load currently to be powered and the discharge voltage Vin of the power supply circuit, and controls the on-cycle of the switch according to D, that is, controls the switch in the voltage conversion circuit to periodically switch between the first switch state and the second switch state. In this way, since D is determined, the relationship between Vout and Vin can be determined accordingly, and a suitable supply voltage can be provided for powering the load.

[0041] Taking the discharge cut-off voltage of the power supply circuit as 6V as an example, the power supply voltage Vout provided to the load can be between 3V and 6V. For high-voltage loads whose required power supply voltage is within this range, their power supply requirements can be met. For example, high-voltage loads whose required power supply voltage is above 3.4V. In other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage load can be directly powered by the power supply circuit, ensuring power supply efficiency.

[0042] Optionally, the preset voltage value is, for example, twice the minimum supply voltage required by the load.

[0043] Optionally, the power circuit may include multiple batteries connected in series. For example, the power circuit may include multiple silicon negative electrode batteries connected in series. Exemplarily, when the power circuit may include two silicon negative electrode batteries connected in series, the preset voltage value may be 6.8V.

[0044] Optionally, the switch may be a single-pole single-throw switch, a semiconductor switch device, or other types of switches.

[0045] Optionally, the load may be a display component, a radio frequency front-end component or a radio frequency front-end module in an electronic device, which is not specifically limited here. For example, the display component may be, for example, a screen display power IC (integrated circuit); the radio frequency front-end component may be, for example, a PA (Power Amplifier) ​​for processing 2G, 3G, 4G or 5G cellular signals; and the radio frequency front-end module may be, for example, a WIFI radio frequency front-end module (Wireless Fidelity Front-End Modules, WIFI FEM).

[0046] Optionally, the voltage conversion circuit can be a charge pump circuit. In the embodiment of the present application, connecting the inductor circuit to the voltage conversion circuit is equivalent to providing a new charge pump circuit topology. The inductor circuit is integrated into the charge pump circuit, so that the power supply circuit can achieve any proportion of voltage reduction processing in the range of Vin / 2 to Vin.

[0047] Optionally, the bypass circuit may include a switching switch connected in parallel with the inductor circuit, the inductor circuit is bypassed when the switching switch is closed, and the inductor circuit is not bypassed when the switching switch is open.

[0048] In the above-mentioned power supply circuit, the power supply circuit includes a power supply circuit, an inductance circuit, a voltage conversion circuit and a bypass circuit that can bypass the inductance circuit, wherein one end of the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit, the other end of the inductance circuit is connected to the power supply circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the load; wherein the bypass circuit is not bypassed when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to a preset voltage value; the voltage conversion circuit includes a switch and a capacitor, and the switch is used to periodically switch between a first switch state and a second switch state when the inductance circuit is not bypassed, so that the inductance circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged. Since the bypass circuit does not bypass when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit and the power supply circuit, which is equivalent to the power supply of the power supply circuit being converted by the inductance circuit and the voltage conversion circuit to supply power to the load. In this way, during the periodic charging and discharging of the inductance circuit and the capacitor, the characteristics of the inductance in the inductance circuit are utilized so that the power supply voltage provided to the load after conversion meets the requirements of the load, for example, the power supply requirements of the high-voltage load are met. In this way, when supplying power to the high-voltage load, the load can be supplied with power without the need for multi-stage conversion through other circuits outside the power supply circuit, thereby improving the power supply efficiency.

[0049] In one embodiment, the voltage conversion circuit includes one or more voltage conversion branches, that is, the voltage conversion circuit can be a single-phase or multi-phase structure.

[0050] Each voltage conversion branch includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first capacitor, one end of the first switch is connected to one end of the inductor circuit, the other end of the first switch is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the second switch and one end of the third switch, the other end of the second switch is grounded, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the load.

[0051] Optionally, in order to stabilize the load power supply process, each voltage conversion branch also includes a fourth switch and a second capacitor; wherein, one end of the fourth switch is connected to the other end of the first switch and one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the load, and the second capacitor is arranged in parallel with the load.

[0052] Take the voltage conversion circuit including two voltage conversion branches as an example, please refer to Figure 3 , shows a schematic diagram of another power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, Vin represents the power supply circuit and the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit; Vout represents the supply voltage of the load, and R is the load. The inductor circuit includes an inductor L1, and the bypass circuit includes a switch S9.

[0053] The first voltage conversion branch includes a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a first capacitor Cfly1, a fourth switch S4, and a second capacitor Cout. The second voltage conversion branch includes a first switch S5, a second switch S6, a third switch S7, a first capacitor Cfly2, a fourth switch S8, and a second capacitor Cout. It can be understood that the second capacitor included in each voltage conversion branch is Cout.

[0054] For a single voltage conversion branch, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are switched between the closed and open states, so that the switches are periodically switched between the first switch state and the second switch state. In other words, in the first switch state, part of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are closed, and the rest are open, so as to charge the inductor in the first capacitor and the inductor circuit; in the second switch state, another part of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are closed, and the rest are open, so that the inductor and the first capacitor are discharged, and the load is mainly powered by the charging and discharging of the inductor and the first capacitor, and the second capacitor plays a voltage stabilizing role.

[0055] Optionally, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch may be single-pole single-throw switches, semiconductor switches or other types of switches.

[0056] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power supply circuit may further include a third capacitor Cin, which is connected in parallel with the power supply circuit and also serves to stabilize the voltage, thereby ensuring that the voltage is stable during the entire power supply process.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit is formed by capacitors, inductors and switches, which is easy to implement, and based on the volt-second balance of the inductor, the required power supply voltage is provided to the load, thereby improving the power supply efficiency; the use of this power supply circuit topology can solve the low-voltage discharge problem of silicon negative electrode batteries. High-efficiency power supply can be achieved by adding inductors to the circuit topology. The area of ​​a single inductor is smaller than that of a DC boost circuit, so the PCB area of ​​the power supply circuit is also smaller, which is conducive to the application of actual circuits.

[0058] For ease of understanding, the following Figure 3 On this basis, the states of each switch in the process of capacitor charging and discharging are explained respectively.

[0059] Among them, when the voltage conversion circuit includes multiple voltage conversion branches, each voltage conversion branch can work in staggered phases, thereby improving the load capacity of the power supply circuit, making the load capacity of the power supply circuit longer, and reducing the output voltage ripple of the power supply circuit; taking two phases as an example, the two voltage conversion branches can work in phases staggered by 180°.

[0060] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4, shows a schematic diagram of the circuit connection in the first switch state. In the first switch state, the first switch, the second switch and the fourth switch of each voltage conversion branch are closed, and the third switch is opened, so that the inductor circuit and the first capacitor are charged. It should be noted that, Figure 4 It is shown in Figure 3 The circuit state diagram shows that when the voltage conversion branches work out of phase, the first voltage conversion branch works and the second voltage conversion branch does not work.

[0061] Exemplarily, in the first conversion cycle, it corresponds to the first switch state. Among them, the first voltage conversion branch works first, and the second voltage conversion branch does not work. The first switch S1, the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are closed, and the third switch S3 is disconnected. The input voltage charges the inductor L1 and the first capacitor Cfly1 is charged to the Vout voltage. After 180°, all switches of the first voltage conversion branch are disconnected, that is, the first voltage conversion branch does not work, and the second voltage conversion branch works instead, that is, the first switch S5, the second switch S6 and the fourth switch S8 are closed, and the third switch S7 is disconnected. The input voltage charges the inductor L1 and the first capacitor Cfly2 is charged to the Vout voltage. For ease of understanding, for a single voltage conversion branch, such as Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single-phase simplified circuit structure of a power supply circuit in a first switching state is given, wherein R is an equivalent load.

[0062] based on Figure 5 It can be seen that the input voltage of the inductor L1 is Vin, the output voltage is Vout, and the voltage of the second capacitor Cfly1 is Vout. In the charging stage, the volt-second product of the inductor is (Vin-Vout)*Ton, where Ton is the on-time of the switch.

[0063] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 , shows a schematic diagram of the circuit connection in the second switch state. In the second switch state, the first switch and the third switch are closed, and the second switch and the fourth switch are opened, so that the inductor circuit and the first capacitor are discharged. Similarly, Figure 6 FIG. 2 shows a circuit state diagram in which the first voltage conversion branch works and the second one does not work during phase shift operation.

[0064] In the second conversion cycle, the second switch state corresponds. When the first voltage conversion branch works, the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are closed; the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are disconnected, and the inductor and the first capacitor Cfly1 are discharged. When the second voltage conversion branch works, the first switch S5 and the third switch S7 are closed; the second switch S6 and the fourth switch S8 are disconnected, and the inductor and the first capacitor Cfly2 are discharged. Similarly, each voltage conversion branch can work in staggered phases.

[0065] For ease of understanding, for a single voltage conversion branch, such as Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a single-phase simplified circuit structure of the power supply circuit in the second switching state is given.

[0066] based on Figure 7 It can be seen that the input voltage of the inductor L1 is Vin, and the first capacitor Cfly1 is changed from being connected in parallel with the inductor in the charging stage to being connected in series with the inductor in the discharging stage. Since the voltage of the capacitor cannot change suddenly, the voltage at the negative end of Cfly1 is Vout, and the voltage at the positive end of Cfly1 is 2Vout. The volt-second product of the inductor in the discharging stage is (2Vout-Vin)*Toff, where Toff is the off time of the switch.

[0067] Then, under steady-state conditions, according to the volt-second balance principle of inductance, we can get: (Vin-Vout)*To n=(2Vout-Vin)*Toff, where D=Ton / (Ton+Toff), then we can deduce that Vout=Vin / (2-D), that is, D=(2Vout-Vin) / Vout. D is between 0 and 1, so the Vout output range is between Vin / 2 and Vin. In this way, when D is determined, the relationship between Vout and Vin is determined, and the power supply circuit can provide a suitable power supply voltage Vout for the load by converting the discharge voltage Vin of the power supply circuit.

[0068] Based on the principle of single-phase, the principle of two voltage conversion branches of dual-phase is similar, which will not be described here. Optionally, each voltage conversion branch can work in staggered phases, thereby improving the load capacity of the power supply circuit and reducing the output ripple of the power supply circuit.

[0069] As mentioned above, the state of each switch can be controlled by a control circuit. Exemplarily, the control circuit may include a comparator, which is connected to each switch driving circuit. The comparator sets a reference voltage and obtains the discharge voltage Vin of the power supply circuit in real time. The comparator compares Vin with the reference voltage. When Vin is less than or equal to the reference voltage, the comparator determines the duty cycle D according to Vin and Vout, and controls each switch to switch between the first switch state and the second switch state according to the value of D, thereby utilizing the inductor and the first capacitor to charge and discharge to power the load and meet the power supply voltage requirement of the load. Exemplarily, the reference voltage can be set to twice the minimum power supply voltage required by the load. For example, when two silicon negative electrode batteries are connected in series, the reference voltage is 6.8V.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, an inductor circuit is added and the inductor in the inductor circuit is utilized so that the power supply circuit can achieve a voltage drop of any proportion within the range of Vin / 2 to Vin, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the electronic device in supplying power to high-voltage loads.

[0071] In the above Figure 3 In the circuit topology shown, the process of voltage conversion of the power supply circuit can be considered to be in Buck working mode (step-down working mode). At this time, any voltage drop in the range of Vin / 2 to Vin can be achieved.

[0072] On this basis, when Vin is greater than the reference voltage, the power supply circuit directly reduces the voltage by half to supply power to the conventional load, which can meet the power supply requirements of the conventional load. Therefore, the power supply circuit in the embodiment of the present application can also work in the Charger pump 2:1 working mode, that is, the charge pump reduces the voltage by half. At this time, the power supply circuit can bypass the inductor circuit and directly reduce the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit by half to supply power to the load, further ensuring the stability of the power supply.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to the preset voltage value, the power supply circuit operates in the Buck working mode, the bypass circuit does not work, the inductance circuit is not bypassed, and an arbitrary proportion of voltage drop is achieved based on the inductance circuit and power is supplied to the load. When the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is greater than the preset voltage value, the power supply circuit can operate in the Chargerpump 2:1 working mode. At this time, the bypass circuit works to bypass the inductance circuit, that is, the power supply circuit can directly use each voltage conversion branch in the voltage conversion circuit to reduce the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit by half, and then supply power to the load. In this way, the circuit structure is simplified, and the power supply stability and efficiency are improved.

[0074] The following describes the charging and discharging process of the capacitor when the power supply circuit operates in the Charger pump 2:1 working mode.

[0075] In one embodiment, the bypass circuit is used to bypass when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is greater than a preset voltage value; the switch in the voltage conversion circuit is used to periodically switch between the third switch state and the fourth switch state when the inductor circuit is bypassed, so that the capacitor is periodically charged and discharged.

[0076] When the inductor circuit is bypassed, in a single cycle, in the first conversion cycle, the switch in the voltage conversion circuit is in the third switch state, and the power circuit charges the capacitor. In the second conversion cycle, the switch is switched to the fourth switch state, and the voltage conversion circuit uses the capacitor discharge to supply power to the load.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present application, the voltage conversion circuit includes one or more voltage conversion branches; the voltage conversion branch includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first capacitor, one end of the first switch is connected to one end of the inductor circuit, the other end of the first switch is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the second switch and one end of the third switch, the other end of the second switch is grounded, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the load. The voltage conversion branch also includes a fourth switch and a second capacitor; wherein one end of the fourth switch is connected to the other end of the first switch and one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the load, and the second capacitor is arranged in parallel with the load.

[0078] Also take the voltage conversion circuit including two voltage conversion branches as an example, please refer to Figure 8 , shows a schematic diagram of circuit connection in the third switch state. In the third switch state, the first switch and the third switch are closed, and the second switch and the fourth switch are opened, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged.

[0079] In the first conversion cycle, the third switch state corresponds to that when the first voltage conversion branch is working, the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are closed, and the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are disconnected. When the second voltage conversion branch is working, the first switch S5 and the third switch S7 are closed, and the second switch S6 and the fourth switch S8 are disconnected. Similarly, each voltage conversion branch can work in staggered phases.

[0080] It can be understood that, for a single voltage conversion branch, in the third switch state, Cfly1 and Cout are connected in series, and the input voltage charges the first capacitor Cfly1 and Cout.

[0081] Please refer to Fig. 9 , shows a schematic diagram of circuit connection in the fourth switch state. In the fourth switch state, the second switch and the fourth switch are closed, and the first switch and the third switch are opened, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged.

[0082] In the second conversion cycle, the fourth switch state corresponds to that when the first voltage conversion branch is working, the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are closed, and the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are disconnected; when the second voltage conversion branch is working, the second switch S6 and the fourth switch S8 are closed, and the first switch S5 and the third switch S7 are disconnected. Similarly, each voltage conversion branch can work in staggered phases.

[0083] It can be understood that, for a single voltage conversion branch, in the fourth switch state, Cfly1 and Cout are discharged in parallel.

[0084] In this way, by switching between the third switch state and the fourth switch state, the relationship Vout=Vin / 2 can be achieved, that is, the power supply circuit reduces the voltage by half to supply power to the load.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit is based on a bypass circuit, which can realize both a 2:1 voltage division relationship and a step-down conversion relationship so that the output voltage can be arbitrarily adjusted between Vin / 2 and Vin. In this way, the use of the power supply circuit can solve the low-voltage discharge problem of silicon negative electrode batteries. For example, after the two silicon negative electrode batteries are connected in series, when the discharge voltage is in the range of 5V to 6.8V, it can be converted to 3.5V to power the load through the above-mentioned step-down working mode; when the discharge voltage is greater than 6.8V, it can be converted to a voltage of 3.4V or more through the above-mentioned charge pump half-voltage step-down working mode to power the load. This circuit topology can achieve voltage regulation of any proportion within a certain range by adding an inductor to the charge pump topology. Its PCB area is reduced compared to the related technology, and at the same time, it avoids the problem of reduced conversion efficiency caused by the two-stage conversion of the related technology, which is conducive to the use of actual circuits and expands the application scenarios of the power supply circuit and the output voltage adjustment capability of the charge pump circuit.

[0086] In one embodiment, the inductor circuit includes a single inductor or multiple inductors connected in parallel. That is, the inductor circuit may include a single inductor. Similarly, to solve the problem of large inductor current and heat generation, the inductor circuit may also include multiple inductors connected in parallel for current shunting to reduce the degree of inductor heating. For example, Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a power supply circuit including an inductance circuit formed by a plurality of parallel-connected inductors is shown.

[0087] In addition, as mentioned above, the voltage conversion circuit includes one or more voltage conversion branches, that is, the voltage conversion circuit is the basic structure of a single-phase or multi-phase charge pump circuit, for example, Fig.11 The schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-phase power supply circuit is shown. Based on the multi-phase voltage conversion branch, the output capacity of the power supply circuit is improved. The working process of each voltage conversion branch can refer to the description of the single-phase branch above, and each phase voltage conversion branch can work in staggered phases, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] In one embodiment, an electronic device is further provided. The electronic device includes the power supply circuit and the load as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0089] Exemplarily, the electronic device may be but not limited to various personal computers, laptops, smart phones, tablet computers, mobile power supplies (such as power banks and travel chargers), drones, sweeping robots, portable wearable devices and small electronic products, etc. Portable wearable devices include smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc., and small electronic products include wireless headphones, Bluetooth speakers, electric toothbrushes, rechargeable wireless mice, etc.

[0090] For other specific limitations on electronic devices, please refer to the limitations on the power supply circuit above, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] For ease of understanding, the charge pump circuit with adjustable output voltage provided in the present application is described below with a complete embodiment, and the specific limitations of the charge pump circuit with adjustable output voltage are the same as those of the power supply circuit described above.

[0092] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the circuit includes switches S1 to S9, capacitors Cin, Cout, Cfly1 and Cfly2. Cin is connected in parallel with the power supply, and Cout is connected in parallel with the load, and the two play a role of voltage stabilization.

[0093] In Buck working mode, in the first conversion cycle, S1, S2 and S4 switches are closed, S5, S6 and S8 switches are closed in phase, and other switches are opened. The input voltage charges the inductor and the Cfly capacitor is charged to the Vout voltage. In the second conversion cycle, S1 and S3 switches are closed, S5 and S7 switches are closed in phase, and other switches are opened. The Cfly capacitor is connected in series in the circuit loop, and the inductor is discharged through the Cfly capacitor.

[0094] Based on the volt-second balance of the inductor, Vout = Vin / (2-D), that is, D = (2Vout-Vin) / Vout. When D is between 0 and 1, the Vout output range is between Vin / 2 and Vin, that is, in the Buck working mode, any proportion of voltage reduction can be achieved within the range of Vin / 2 to Vin.

[0095] In the Charger pump 2:1 working mode, the S9 switch is always in the closed state. In the first conversion cycle, the S1 and S3 switches are closed, the S5 and S7 switches are closed in phase, the other switches are disconnected, and the Cfly capacitor is charged. In the second conversion cycle, the S2 and S4 switches are closed, the S6 and S8 switches are closed in phase, the other switches are disconnected, and the Cfly capacitor is discharged. Based on this conversion, Vout = Vin / 2, that is, a 2:1 voltage division relationship is achieved.

[0096] In this application, the charge pump topology is cleverly used, and an inductor is added to form a new circuit topology, and the energy storage function of the inductor is used to achieve adjustable output voltage. The original switch and capacitor topology can only achieve a fixed ratio input-output voltage conversion relationship. After adding the inductor, both the original fixed ratio conversion relationship and the input-output voltage conversion relationship of any ratio within a certain range can be achieved, which is equivalent to expanding the output voltage regulation capability of the charge pump circuit. In addition, by switching the switch S9, the inductor circuit can be flexibly controlled to work or not work, thereby improving the flexibility of the power supply circuit.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0098] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0099] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a power supply circuit, an inductance circuit, a voltage conversion circuit, and a bypass circuit capable of bypassing the inductance circuit, wherein one end of the inductance circuit is connected to the voltage conversion circuit, the other end of the inductance circuit is connected to the power supply circuit, the voltage conversion circuit is connected to a load, and the bypass circuit and the inductance circuit are connected in parallel; wherein the bypass circuit does not bypass when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is less than or equal to a preset voltage value; The voltage conversion circuit includes a switch and a capacitor; the switch is used to periodically switch between a first switch state and a second switch state when the inductance circuit is not bypassed, so that the inductance circuit and the capacitor are periodically charged and discharged.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage conversion circuit includes one or more voltage conversion branches; The voltage conversion branch includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first capacitor, one end of the first switch is connected to one end of the inductor circuit, the other end of the first switch is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the second switch and one end of the third switch, the other end of the second switch is grounded, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the load.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage conversion branch also includes a fourth switch and a second capacitor; wherein one end of the fourth switch is connected to the other end of the first switch and one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the load, and the second capacitor is arranged in parallel with the load.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the first switch state, the first switch, the second switch, and the fourth switch are closed, and the third switch is open, so that the inductor circuit and the first capacitor are charged.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the second switch state, the first switch and the third switch are closed, and the second switch and the fourth switch are opened, so that the inductor circuit and the first capacitor are discharged.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass circuit is used for bypassing when the discharge voltage of the power supply circuit is greater than the preset voltage value; The switch in the voltage conversion circuit is used to periodically switch between a third switch state and a fourth switch state when the inductor circuit is bypassed, so that the capacitor is periodically charged and discharged.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage conversion circuit includes one or more voltage conversion branches; The voltage conversion branch includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first capacitor, one end of the first switch is connected to one end of the inductor circuit, the other end of the first switch is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the second switch and one end of the third switch, the other end of the second switch is grounded, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the load.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage conversion branch also includes a fourth switch and a second capacitor; wherein one end of the fourth switch is connected to the other end of the first switch and one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the load, and the second capacitor is arranged in parallel with the load.

9. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the third switch state, the first switch and the third switch are closed, and the second switch and the fourth switch are opened, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged.

10. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the fourth switch state, the second switch and the fourth switch are closed, and the first switch and the third switch are opened, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged.

11. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The inductor circuit includes a single inductor or a plurality of inductors connected in parallel.

12. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The power supply circuit comprises a plurality of silicon negative electrode batteries connected in series.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the power supply circuit and the load as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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