Potato cultivation equipment and method capable of expanding rows and shrinking plants

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of potato cultivation, in particular to row-expanding and plant-shrinking potato cultivation equipment and method.The row-expanding and plant-shrinking potato cultivation equipment comprises a tractor frame, a potato plant storage hopper is installed on the tractor frame, and a planting spoon is arranged in the potato plant storage hopper; the clamping assembly is arranged below the potato plant storage hopper; the guide assembly is used for driving the clamping assembly to directionally move to the position close to the planting area; the soil gathering assembly is used for gathering soil around the potato plants; the water tank is arranged on one side of the guide rod; the potato planting device has the beneficial effects that potatoes are clamped by starting a motor connected with a double-end lead screw, then potato plants are driven to be inserted into planting grooves through cooperation of an electric sliding block and a second connecting rod, and then a gear transmission rod drives a soil gathering plate to rotate, so that soil on the two sides of the potato plants is pushed to the outer portions of the potato plants; the positioning planting of the potatoes is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of potato cultivation, in particular to a potato cultivation device and method for expanding rows and shrinking plants. Background Art

[0002] Potato, an annual herbaceous plant of the Solanaceae family, has a diamond-shaped, hairy stem.

[0003] Potatoes are the dominant crop in arid and semi-arid areas. The traditional planting method is artificial planting, especially in mountainous and hilly areas. In potato planting, the potato row expansion and plant reduction technology refers to expanding the potato sowing row spacing and reducing the plant spacing while keeping the sowing density per unit area unchanged, so as to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the farmland and promote the growth and yield of potatoes. Specifically, the sowing row spacing is expanded from the traditional 55-60 cm to 80-100 cm, and the plant spacing is compressed from 30-33 cm to 18-20 cm;

[0004] During use, the existing potato cultivation equipment suitable for expanding rows and shrinking plants directly throws potato plants into the planting trough with a planting spoon and then covers them with a covering shovel. However, when the planting spoon throws the potato plants, the potato plants will be tilted or misplaced, resulting in a low survival rate of the potato plants. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a potato cultivation device and method for expanding rows and shrinking plants, so as to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A potato cultivation device and method for expanding rows and shrinking plants, comprising:

[0008] A traction frame, a potato plant storage bucket is installed on the traction frame, a transmission chain is rotatably arranged inside the potato plant storage bucket, and a plurality of groups of planting spoons distributed at intervals are installed on the transmission chain;

[0009] A clamping assembly, arranged below the potato plant storage bucket at a position corresponding to one of the planting spoons, the clamping assembly is used to clamp the potato plants inside the planting spoon, and the clamping assembly includes two groups of symmetrically distributed clamping plates;

[0010] A guide assembly, used for driving the clamping assembly to move in a directional manner to a position close to the planting area, wherein the guide assembly comprises a guide rod, and the clamping assembly is slidably connected to the transmission chain;

[0011] A soil gathering component, used for gathering soil around potato plants, the soil gathering component comprising a soil gathering plate rotatably connected to the bottom of the guide rod;

[0012] A water tank is arranged on one side of the guide rod, the water tank is connected with a water pipe, and one end of the water pipe away from the water tank is arranged above the soil collecting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a second transmission shaft is rotatably provided at the lower end of the traction frame corresponding to the position of the potato plant storage bucket, and wheels are installed at both ends of the second transmission shaft, and the traction frame moves through two sets of the wheels;

[0014] A first transmission shaft is rotatably arranged above the traction frame at a position corresponding to the second transmission shaft, and synchronous wheels are installed on the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on two sets of synchronous wheels, and each planting spoon moves inside the potato plant storage bucket through the cooperation of the first transmission shaft and the transmission chain;

[0015] A fertilizer bucket is installed at the upper end of the traction frame at a position corresponding to the potato plant storage bucket, and a slotting knife is installed at the lower end of the traction frame at a position corresponding to the lower part of the fertilizer bucket;

[0016] A flow guide pipe is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizing bucket at a position corresponding to the slotting knife.

[0017] Further, a first fixing plate is installed at the upper end of the traction frame at a position corresponding to the potato plant storage bucket, a first connecting rod is installed at the lower end of one end of the first fixing plate, two groups of the first connecting rods are provided, the two groups of the first connecting rods are symmetrically distributed, and a second fixing plate is installed at one end of the two groups of the first connecting rods away from the first fixing plate;

[0018] A slide groove is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the second fixed plate, a limit block is provided inside the slide groove for limited sliding, and an end of the limit block away from the second fixed plate is connected to the upper end of the guide rod;

[0019] A first return spring is arranged at one end of the limit block and an inner end of the slide slot.

[0020] Furthermore, the clamping assembly further comprises a slider, a second clearance groove is provided at the center of a side wall of the slider facing the transmission chain, a double-headed screw is rotatably arranged inside the second clearance groove, a motor is installed at a position of one end of the side wall of the slider corresponding to the double-headed screw, and an output end of the motor is connected to one end of the double-headed screw;

[0021] One end of the two groups of clamping plates are inserted into the second clearance groove and screwed to the double-headed screw;

[0022] At least one set of fixed insertion rods is arranged at the lower end of the sliding block.

[0023] Furthermore, the cross section of the guide rod is a "7"-shaped structure, and the outer surface of the transmission chain is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed electric slide grooves, and each of the electric slide grooves is provided with an electric slider;

[0024] A second connecting rod in a "7"-shaped structure is installed on one side wall of each electric slider;

[0025] The slider is located at a side of the guide rod away from the electric slider, and connecting columns are installed at both ends of the slider, and a limited rotation groove is provided on the outer surface of each connecting column corresponding to the end position of the second connecting rod, and one end of each second connecting rod away from the electric slider is limitedly rotated and arranged inside the corresponding limited rotation groove;

[0026] The side wall of the slider facing the inner surface of the guide rod is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed guide rods, and the inner surface of the guide rod is provided with two groups of corresponding guide grooves at positions corresponding to the two groups of guide rods;

[0027] A fifth receiving groove is provided at the end of the side wall of the two groups of guide plug rods close to each other, an insert block is inserted into the interior of the fifth receiving groove, and a second return spring is provided between the end of the insert block and the inner end surface of the fifth receiving groove, and the insert block is elastically arranged in the interior of the fifth receiving groove through the second return spring;

[0028] A first receiving groove is provided inside the guide plug rod at a position corresponding to the plug block, a holding block is inserted inside the first receiving groove, and a chamfered groove is provided on the side wall of the plug block at a position corresponding to the end of the holding block;

[0029] A driving assembly is arranged inside the limiting rotation groove for driving the supporting block to move.

[0030] Further, the driving assembly includes a second receiving groove opened on the inner side wall of the limited rotation groove, a first trigger block is inserted and arranged inside the second receiving groove, and a second airbag is arranged between the end of the first trigger block and the inner end surface of the second receiving groove;

[0031] A first airbag is arranged between the inner end surface of the first receiving groove and the end of the abutting block, an exhaust pipe is provided between the first airbag and the second airbag, and the first airbag is connected with the second airbag through the exhaust pipe;

[0032] A fixing groove is provided on one side of the first trigger block, a third receiving groove is provided on the inner side wall of the second receiving groove at a position corresponding to the fixing groove, a fixing block is provided inside the third receiving groove, and a third return spring is provided between an end of the fixing block and an inner end surface of the third receiving groove;

[0033] A fourth receiving groove is formed on the inner side wall of the position-limiting rotation groove, a second trigger block is disposed inside the fourth receiving groove, and a fourth return spring is disposed between the end of the second trigger block and the inner end surface of the fourth receiving groove;

[0034] A through hole is provided between the fourth receiving groove and the third receiving groove, a pull rope is provided inside the through hole, one end of the pull rope is connected to the end of the fixing block, and the other end of the pull rope passes through the through hole and is connected to the end of the second trigger block.

[0035] Furthermore, a plurality of sets of auxiliary wheels are arranged at intervals on both sides of the guide rod, and mutually engaging guide wheels are arranged at positions of the second connecting rod corresponding to the auxiliary wheels;

[0036] A holding rod is installed on one side of the slider facing the inner surface of the guide rod. A through slot is provided on the guide rod at a position corresponding to the holding rod. One end of the holding rod away from the slider passes through the through slot.

[0037] Furthermore, the soil collecting assembly further comprises grooves provided on both sides of the bottom end of the guide rod, a connecting block is rotatably arranged inside the groove, and one end of the connecting block away from the groove is connected to the soil collecting plate;

[0038] The connecting block is connected with a support rod, and one end of the support rod away from the connecting block passes through the guide rod and is connected with a gear transmission rod;

[0039] A first clearance groove is provided on the lower end surface of the second fixing plate corresponding to the end position of the gear transmission rod, and a rack is provided on the inner side wall of the first clearance groove corresponding to the end position of the gear transmission rod, and the rack is meshed with the end of the gear transmission rod.

[0040] Furthermore, at least one group of water pipes is provided, and a control box is installed on the water pipes, and the control box is located outside the guide rod;

[0041] A storage cavity is provided inside the control box, a sealing plate is slidably provided inside the storage cavity, and a fifth return spring is provided between the upper end of the sealing plate and the inner top of the storage cavity, and the sealing plate is elastically arranged inside the storage cavity through the fifth return spring;

[0042] The upper end of the sealing plate is connected to a second pull rope, and one end of the second pull rope away from the sealing plate passes through the top of the control box and is connected to a control rod;

[0043] The control rod and the bottom of the through slot are at the same level.

[0044] Furthermore, the potato cultivation method comprises:

[0045] Grooving before planting potato plants: connect the traction frame to the machine, and drive the traction frame to move by the machine. During the movement, the grooves before planting potato plants are made by the groove cutter. At the same time, the grooves are fertilized before planting by the cooperation of the fertilizer bucket and the guide pipe.

[0046] Clamping of potato plants: placing potato plants into the potato plant storage bucket, when the traction frame moves by the wheels, it will drive the second transmission shaft to rotate, and during the rotation of the second transmission shaft, the planting spoon is driven to rotate through the transmission chain, and during the rotation of the planting spoon, the potato plants in the potato plant storage bucket are transported out, and when the potato plants are moved between the two sets of clamping plates through the planting spoon, the motor connected to the double-headed screw is started, and the motor drives the two sets of clamping plates to approach the potato plants through the double-headed screw, so as to achieve potato clamping;

[0047] Planting of potato plants: After the potato plants are clamped by two sets of clamping plates, the electric slider is started, and the electric slider moves along the electric slide groove. During the movement, the potato plants on the slider are driven to move along the guide rod through the cooperation of the second connecting rod and the connecting column;

[0048] When the slider moves with the potato plant to the lower end of the guide rod, the fixed insertion rod at the bottom of the slider is inserted into the soil, and at the same time, the bottom of the potato plant is inserted into the planting groove. At this time, the traction frame continues to move. While the traction frame continues to move, the guide rod continues to move along the slide groove with the cooperation of the limit block. When the guide rod moves relative to the second fixed plate, the gear transmission rod inserted in the first give way groove will mesh with the rack. When meshing, the gear transmission rod drives the soil gathering plate to rotate through the cooperation of the support rod and the connecting block, thereby pushing the soil on both sides of the potato plant to the outside of the potato plant, thereby realizing potato planting;

[0049] Irrigation of potato plants: when the slider transports the clamped potato plants to the planting trough, the supporting rod will move along the through groove to one side of the control rod. When the fixed rod is inserted into the soil, the guide rod drives the supporting rod to move toward the control rod. When the supporting rod presses the control rod to one side, the control rod drives the sealing plate to move up through the second pull rope. When the sealing plate no longer blocks the water pipe, the water inside the water tank irrigates the potato plants through the water pipe.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The present invention realizes potato clamping by starting a motor connected to a double-headed screw rod, and then drives the slider and the potato plant on the slider to move along the guide rod through the cooperation of the electric slider and the second connecting rod. When the slider moves to the lower end of the guide rod, the fixed insertion rod is inserted into the soil to realize the limited fixing of the guide rod, which is convenient for the planting of potato plants. At the same time, the root of the potato plant is inserted into the planting groove. At the same time, the guide rod moves relative to the second fixed plate under the cooperation of the limit block. At this time, the gear transmission rod inserted into the first clearance groove will mesh with the rack. When meshing, the gear transmission rod drives the soil gathering plate to rotate through the cooperation of the support rod and the connecting block, thereby pushing the soil on both sides of the potato plant to the outside of the potato plant, thereby realizing the positioned planting of potatoes.

[0052] 2. When the slider transports the clamped potato plants to the planting trough, the supporting rod will move along the through groove to one side of the control rod. When the fixed rod is inserted into the soil, the guide rod drives the supporting rod to move toward the control rod. When the supporting rod presses the control rod to one side, the control rod drives the sealing plate to move up through the second pull rope. When the sealing plate no longer blocks the water pipe, the water inside the water tank is irrigated to the potato plants through the water pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the traction frame and the guide rod structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the clamping assembly, the guide assembly, the soil gathering assembly and the water tank structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0058] Figure 6 A bottom view of the second fixing plate structure of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection between the clamping assembly, the guide assembly and the soil gathering assembly of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0061] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the clamping assembly and the electric slider structure of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the slider and the guide rod structure of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0064] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between the slider and the connecting column structure of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle;

[0066] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the water tank and the water pipe structure of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.15 for Fig.14 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at E in the middle;

[0068] Fig.16 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide rod structure of the present invention.

[0069] In the figure: traction frame 1, slotting knife 2, fertilizer bucket 3, guide pipe 4, first transmission shaft 5, potato plant storage bucket 6, transmission chain 7, planting spoon 8, water tank 9, wheel 10, second transmission shaft 11, first fixed plate 12, guide rod 13, water pipe 14, control box 15, control rod 16, soil collecting plate 17, second fixed plate 18, first connecting rod 19, slider 20, connecting column 21, fixed plug rod 22, guide plug rod 23, second connecting rod 24, clamping plate 25, slide 26, first give way groove 27, rack 28, through groove 29, guide groove 30, auxiliary wheel 31, groove 32, connecting block 33, support rod 34, gear transmission rod 35, guide wheel 36, electric slide 37, electric slider 38, limit block 39, first return spring 40, holding rod 41, second give way groove 42, double-headed screw 43, limit rotation groove 44, insert block 45, second return spring 46, bevel groove 47, holding block 48, first receiving groove 49, first airbag 50, exhaust duct 51, second receiving groove 52, second airbag 53, first trigger block 54, fixed groove 55, third receiving groove 56, third return spring 57, fixed block 58, through hole 59, pull rope 60, fourth receiving groove 61, fourth return spring 62, second trigger block 63, storage chamber 64, fifth return spring 65, sealing plate 66, second pull rope 67, fifth receiving groove 68, clamping groove 69. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description is given below in an exemplary manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Embodiment 1:

[0072] See also Figures 1 to 16 The present invention provides a technical solution: a potato cultivation device for expanding rows and shrinking plants, comprising:

[0073] A traction frame 1, on which a potato plant storage bucket 6 is mounted, a transmission chain 7 is provided for rotation inside the potato plant storage bucket 6, and a plurality of groups of planting spoons 8 are mounted on the transmission chain 7;

[0074] A clamping assembly is arranged below the potato plant storage bucket 6 at a position corresponding to one of the planting spoons 8, and is used to clamp the potato plants inside the planting spoon 8. The clamping assembly includes two groups of symmetrically distributed clamping plates 25;

[0075] A guide assembly is used to drive the clamping assembly to move in a directional manner to a position close to the planting area. The guide assembly includes a guide rod 13. The clamping assembly is slidably connected to the transmission chain 7.

[0076] A soil gathering component, used to gather soil around potato plants, the soil gathering component includes a soil gathering plate 17 rotatably connected to the bottom of the guide rod 13;

[0077] The water tank 9 is arranged on one side of the guide rod 13 . The water tank 9 is connected with a water pipe 14 . One end of the water pipe 14 away from the water tank 9 is arranged above the soil collecting plate 17 .

[0078] The planting spoon 8 is driven by the rotating transmission chain 7 to transport the potato plants in the potato plant storage bucket 6 to the clamping assembly, and the potato plants are clamped by the clamping assembly, and then the clamping assembly holding the potatoes is transported to the pre-opened planting trough through the guide assembly, and then the soil around the potato plants is gathered to the root position of the potatoes through the soil gathering assembly, so that the potato plants are positioned and planted standing. During planting, the water in the water tank 9 can be diverted to the potato planting location through the water pipe 14.

[0079] Embodiment 2:

[0080] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention have a structure that is basically the same as that in the first embodiment, except that:

[0081] A second transmission shaft 11 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the traction frame 1 corresponding to the position of the potato plant storage bucket 6, and wheels 10 are installed at both ends of the second transmission shaft 11. The traction frame 1 moves through two sets of wheels 10;

[0082] A first transmission shaft 5 is rotatably arranged above the traction frame 1 at a position corresponding to the second transmission shaft 11. Synchronous wheels are installed on both the first transmission shaft 5 and the second transmission shaft 11. A transmission chain 7 is sleeved on the two sets of synchronous wheels. Each planting spoon 8 moves inside the potato plant storage bucket 6 through the cooperation of the first transmission shaft 5 and the transmission chain 7.

[0083] A fertilizer bucket 3 is installed at the upper end of the traction frame 1 at a position corresponding to the potato plant storage bucket 6, and a slotting knife 2 is installed at the lower end of the traction frame 1 at a position corresponding to the lower part of the fertilizer bucket 3;

[0084] A flow guide pipe 4 is provided at the lower end of the fertilizer bucket 3 at a position corresponding to the slotting knife 2;

[0085] The movement of the traction frame 1 is achieved through the cooperation of the two sets of wheels 10. At the same time, during the movement of the traction frame 1, the slotting knife 2 arranged at the bottom of the forward end of the traction frame 1 can realize the opening of the potato planting groove, and during the opening process, through the cooperation of the guide pipe 4, the fertilizer inside the fertilizer bucket 3 can be spread, which is convenient for the growth of potato plants.

[0086] Embodiment three:

[0087] like Figure 4-Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention have a structure that is basically the same as that in the second embodiment, except that:

[0088] A first fixing plate 12 is installed at the upper end of the traction frame 1 at a position corresponding to the potato plant storage bucket 6, and a first connecting rod 19 is installed at the lower end of one end of the first fixing plate 12. The first connecting rod 19 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of first connecting rods 19 are symmetrically distributed, and a second fixing plate 18 is installed at one end of the two groups of first connecting rods 19 away from the first fixing plate 12;

[0089] A slide groove 26 is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the second fixed plate 18, and a limit block 39 is provided inside the slide groove 26 for limited sliding, and one end of the limit block 39 away from the second fixed plate 18 is connected to the upper end of the guide rod 13;

[0090] A first return spring 40 is provided between one end of the limit block 39 and one end inside the slide slot 26;

[0091] The clamping assembly also includes a slider 20, and the lower end of the slider 20 is provided with at least one set of fixed rods 22

[0092] When the slider 20 moves along the guide rod 13 to the lower end of the guide rod 13, the fixed rod 22 is inserted into the soil to achieve the limited fixation of the guide rod 13, which is convenient for the planting of potato plants. In order not to affect the movement of the traction frame 1, the guide rod 13 is slidably connected to the second fixed plate 18 through the cooperation of the limit block 39 and the slide groove 26. At the same time, a first return spring 40 is provided on one side of the limit block 39. When the guide rod 13 slides relative to the second fixed plate 18, the first return spring 40 is stretched. When the fixed rod 22 is no longer inserted into the soil, the guide rod 13 is reset under the action of the first return spring 40.

[0093] Embodiment 4:

[0094] like Fig. 9 As shown, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows disclosed in the fourth embodiment of the present invention has a structure that is basically the same as that in the third embodiment, except that:

[0095] A second clearance groove 42 is provided at the center of the side wall of the slider 20 facing the transmission chain 7, and a double-headed screw 43 is rotatably arranged inside the second clearance groove 42. A motor is installed at a position of one end of the side wall of the slider 20 corresponding to the double-headed screw 43, and the output end of the motor is connected to one end of the double-headed screw 43.

[0096] One end of the two sets of clamping plates 25 are inserted into the second clearance groove 42 and screwed to the double-headed screw 43;

[0097] The potatoes are clamped by starting the motor connected to the double-headed screw rod 43 .

[0098] Embodiment five:

[0099] like Figure 4-Figure 5 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows disclosed in the fifth embodiment of the present invention have a structure that is basically the same as that in the fourth embodiment, except that:

[0100] The cross section of the guide rod 13 is a "7"-shaped structure, and the outer surface of the transmission chain 7 is provided with two sets of symmetrically distributed electric slide grooves 37, and each electric slide groove 37 is provided with an electric slider 38;

[0101] A second connecting rod 24 in a "7"-shaped structure is installed on one side wall of each electric slider 38;

[0102] The slider 20 is located on the side of the guide rod 13 away from the electric slider 38, and connecting columns 21 are installed at both ends of the slider 20. The outer surface of each connecting column 21 is provided with a limited rotation groove 44 at the end position corresponding to the corresponding second connecting rod 24. The end of each second connecting rod 24 away from the electric slider 38 is limitedly rotated and arranged inside the corresponding limited rotation groove 44.

[0103] Through the cooperation of the electric slider 38 and the second connecting rod 24, the slider 20 and the potato plants on the slider 20 are driven to move along the guide rod 13, so as to facilitate the vertical planting of the potato plants.

[0104] Embodiment six:

[0105] like Figure 10-13 As shown, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows disclosed in the sixth embodiment of the present invention has a structure that is basically the same as that in the fifth embodiment, except that:

[0106] The side wall of the slider 20 facing the inner surface of the guide rod 13 is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed guide rods 23, and the inner surface of the guide rod 13 is provided with two groups of corresponding guide grooves 30 at positions corresponding to the two groups of guide rods 23;

[0107] A fifth receiving groove 68 is formed at the end of the side wall where the two groups of guide rods 23 are close to each other. An insert block 45 is inserted into the fifth receiving groove 68, and a second return spring 46 is provided between the end of the insert block 45 and the inner end surface of the fifth receiving groove 68. The insert block 45 is elastically arranged in the fifth receiving groove 68 by the second return spring 46.

[0108] A first receiving groove 49 is formed inside the guide rod 23 at a position corresponding to the insert block 45, a support block 48 is inserted inside the first receiving groove 49, and a chamfered groove 47 is formed on the side wall of the insert block 45 at a position corresponding to the end of the support block 48;

[0109] A driving assembly is disposed inside the limiting rotation groove 44 for driving the abutting block 48 to move.

[0110] The driving assembly includes a second receiving groove 52 opened on the inner side wall of the limited rotation groove 44, a first trigger block 54 is inserted and arranged inside the second receiving groove 52, and a second air bag 53 is arranged between the end of the first trigger block 54 and the inner end surface of the second receiving groove 52;

[0111] A first airbag 50 is disposed between the inner end surface of the first receiving groove 49 and the end of the abutting block 48, and an exhaust pipe 51 is provided between the first airbag 50 and the second airbag 53, so that the first airbag 50 is connected to the second airbag 53 through the exhaust pipe 51;

[0112] A fixing groove 55 is formed on one side of the first trigger block 54, a third receiving groove 56 is formed on the inner side wall of the second receiving groove 52 at a position corresponding to the fixing groove 55, a fixing block 58 is disposed inside the third receiving groove 56, and a third return spring 57 is disposed between the end of the fixing block 58 and the inner end surface of the third receiving groove 56;

[0113] A fourth receiving groove 61 is formed on the inner side wall of the limited rotation groove 44. A second trigger block 63 is disposed inside the fourth receiving groove 61. A fourth return spring 62 is disposed between the end of the second trigger block 63 and the inner end surface of the fourth receiving groove 61.

[0114] A through hole 59 is provided between the fourth receiving groove 61 and the third receiving groove 56 , and a pull rope 60 is provided inside the through hole 59 . One end of the pull rope 60 is connected to the end of the fixing block 58 , and the other end of the pull rope 60 passes through the through hole 59 and is connected to the end of the second trigger block 63 .

[0115] Multiple sets of spaced auxiliary wheels 31 are provided on both sides of the guide rod 13, and mutually engaged guide wheels 36 are provided at positions of the second connecting rod 24 corresponding to the auxiliary wheels 31;

[0116] A holding rod 41 is installed on one side of the slider 20 facing the inner surface of the guide rod 13. A through slot 29 is formed at a position of the guide rod 13 corresponding to the holding rod 41. One end of the holding rod 41 away from the slider 20 passes through the through slot 29.

[0117] When the electric slider 38 moves along the electric slide groove 37, it drives the slider 20 to move synchronously. When the electric slider 38 moves along the electric slide groove 37 to the connection between the horizontal groove and the vertical groove of the electric slide groove 37, under the limit of the slider 20 by the inner surface of the guide rod 13, the end of the second connecting rod 24 will rotate along the limit rotation groove 44. When rotating, the guide plug rod 23 is inserted into the inside of the guide groove 30. At the same time, when the limit rotation groove 44 rotates, it will squeeze the first trigger block 54, and the first trigger block 54 moves and compresses the second airbag 53. The gas inside the bag 53 is discharged to the interior of the first airbag 50 through the exhaust pipe 51. The expansion of the first airbag 50 pushes the supporting block 48 to move toward the inside of the bevel groove 47, thereby pushing the insert block 45 to the inside of the snap-in groove 69. Through the cooperation of the insert block 45 and the snap-in groove 69, the vertical movement of the slider 20 is limited. At the same time, when the second connecting rod 24 rotates, the elastically arranged second trigger block 63 is no longer squeezed and pops out. When the second trigger block 63 pops out, the elastically arranged fixed block 58 is inserted into the fixed groove 55 to complete the limitation of the first trigger block 54.

[0118] Embodiment seven:

[0119] like Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows of potatoes disclosed in the seventh embodiment of the present invention have a structure that is basically the same as that in the sixth embodiment, except that:

[0120] The soil collecting assembly also includes grooves 32 formed on both sides of the bottom end of the guide rod 13, a connecting block 33 is rotatably arranged inside the groove 32, and one end of the connecting block 33 away from the groove 32 is connected to the soil collecting plate 17;

[0121] A support rod 34 is connected to the connecting block 33, and one end of the support rod 34 away from the connecting block 33 passes through the guide rod 13 and is connected to a gear transmission rod 35;

[0122] A first clearance groove 27 is provided on the lower end surface of the second fixing plate 18 at a position corresponding to the end of the gear transmission rod 35, and a rack 28 is provided on the inner side wall of the first clearance groove 27 at a position corresponding to the end of the gear transmission rod 35, and the rack 28 is meshed with the end of the gear transmission rod 35;

[0123] When the slider 20 moves with the potato plant to the lower end of the guide rod 13, the fixed insertion rod 22 at the bottom of the slider 20 is inserted into the soil. At this time, the traction frame 1 continues to move. While the traction frame 1 continues to move, the guide rod 13 moves relative to the second fixed plate 18 with the cooperation of the limit block 39, and the gear transmission rod 35 inserted in the first clearance groove 27 will engage with the rack 28. When engaged, the gear transmission rod 35 drives the soil gathering plate 17 to rotate through the cooperation of the support rod 34 and the connecting block 33, thereby pushing the soil on both sides of the potato plant to the outside of the potato plant, thereby realizing potato planting.

[0124] Embodiment eight:

[0125] like Figure 14-15 As shown, the potato cultivation equipment and method for expanding and shrinking rows disclosed in the eighth embodiment of the present invention has a structure that is basically the same as that in the seventh embodiment, except that:

[0126] At least one group of water pipes 14 is provided, and a control box 15 is installed on the water pipes 14, and the control box 15 is located outside the guide rod 13;

[0127] A storage chamber 64 is provided inside the control box 15, a sealing plate 66 is slidably provided inside the storage chamber 64, and a fifth return spring 65 is provided between the upper end of the sealing plate 66 and the inner top of the storage chamber 64, and the sealing plate 66 is elastically provided inside the storage chamber 64 through the fifth return spring 65;

[0128] The upper end of the sealing plate 66 is connected to a second pull rope 67, and one end of the second pull rope 67 away from the sealing plate 66 passes through the top of the control box 15 and is connected to the control rod 16;

[0129] The control rod 16 and the bottom of the through slot 29 are at the same level;

[0130] When the slider 20 transports the clamped potato plants to the planting trough, the supporting rod 41 will move along the through groove 29 to one side of the control rod 16. When the fixed insertion rod 22 is inserted into the soil, the guide rod 13 drives the supporting rod 41 to move toward the control rod 16. When the supporting rod 41 presses against the control rod 16 to one side, the control rod 16 drives the sealing plate 66 to move upward through the second pull rope 67. When the sealing plate 66 no longer blocks the water pipe 14, the water inside the water tank 9 irrigates the potato plants through the water pipe 14.

[0131] The present scheme is specifically as follows: the planting spoon 8 is driven to rotate by the transmission chain 7, and the planting spoon 8 transports the potato plants in the potato plant storage bucket 6 during the rotation process. When the potato plants are moved between the two groups of clamping plates 25 through the planting spoon 8, the motor connected to the double-headed screw 43 is started, and the motor drives the two groups of clamping plates 25 to approach the potato plants through the double-headed screw 43, so as to clamp the potatoes;

[0132] After the potato plant is clamped by the two groups of clamping plates 25, the electric slider 38 is started, and the electric slider 38 moves along the electric slide groove 37. During the movement, the potato plant on the slider 20 is driven to move along the guide rod 13 through the cooperation of the second connecting rod 24 and the connecting column 21. When the electric slider 38 moves along the electric slide groove 37, it drives the slider 20 to move synchronously. When the electric slider 38 moves along the electric slide groove 37 to the connection between the horizontal groove and the vertical groove of the electric slide groove 37, under the limitation of the inner surface of the guide rod 13 on the slider 20, the end of the second connecting rod 24 will rotate along the limiting rotation groove 44. During the rotation, the guide plug rod 23 is inserted into the inside of the guide groove 30, and at the same time When the limited rotation groove 44 rotates, it will squeeze the first trigger block 54, and the first trigger block 54 moves and compresses the second airbag 53. The gas inside the second airbag 53 is discharged to the inside of the first airbag 50 through the exhaust pipe 51. The first airbag 50 expands and pushes the abutment block 48 to move toward the inside of the bevel groove 47, thereby pushing the insertion block 45 to the inside of the clamping groove 69. Through the cooperation of the insertion block 45 and the clamping groove 69, the vertical movement of the slider 20 is limited. At the same time, when the second connecting rod 24 rotates, the elastically arranged second trigger block 63 is no longer squeezed and pops out. When the second trigger block 63 pops out, the elastically arranged fixed block 58 is inserted into the fixed groove 55 to complete the limitation of the first trigger block 54.

[0133] When the slider 20 moves with the potato plant to the lower end of the guide rod 13, the fixed insertion rod 22 at the bottom of the slider 20 is inserted into the soil, and the bottom of the potato plant is inserted into the planting groove. At this time, the traction frame 1 continues to move. While the traction frame 1 continues to move, the guide rod 13 continues to move along the slide groove 26 with the cooperation of the limit block 39. When the guide rod 13 moves relative to the second fixed plate 18, the gear transmission rod 35 inserted in the first give way groove 27 will mesh with the rack 28. When meshing, the gear transmission rod 35 drives the soil gathering plate 17 to rotate through the cooperation of the support rod 34 and the connecting block 33, thereby pushing the soil on both sides of the potato plant to the outside of the potato plant, thereby realizing potato planting;

[0134] When the slider 20 transports the clamped potato plants to the planting groove, the abutting rod 41 moves along the through groove 29 to one side of the control rod 16. When the fixed insertion rod 22 is inserted into the soil, the guide rod 13 drives the abutting rod 41 to move toward the control rod 16. When the abutting rod 41 abuts against the control rod 16 to one side, the control rod 16 drives the sealing plate 66 to move upward through the second pull rope 67. When the sealing plate 66 no longer blocks the water pipe 14, the water inside the water tank 9 irrigates the potato plants through the water pipe 14.

[0135] After the potato planting is completed, the two sets of clamping plates 25 are moved away from each other by rotating the double-headed screw 43, and then the slider 20 is driven to move upward by the cooperation of the electric slider 38 and the second connecting rod 24. When the fixed insertion rod 22 is no longer inserted into the soil, the guide rod 13 is reset by the first reset spring 40;

[0136] When the electric slider 38 drives the slider 20 to move to the corner of the guide rod 13, under the limit of the supporting rod 41, the second connecting rod 24 rotates along the limit rotation groove 44. During rotation, the limit rotation groove 44 supports the second trigger block 63. The second trigger block 63 drives the fixed block 58 to move out of the fixed groove 55 through the pull rope 60. At this time, the insert block 45 moves out of the clamping groove 69 under the action of the second return spring 46, so that the slider 20 can move toward the planting spoon 8.

[0137] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato cultivation device for expanding rows and shrinking plants, characterized in that: include: A traction frame (1), a potato plant storage bucket (6) being mounted on the traction frame (1), a transmission chain (7) being arranged for rotation inside the potato plant storage bucket (6), and a plurality of groups of planting spoons (8) being mounted on the transmission chain (7); A clamping assembly, arranged below the potato plant storage bucket (6) at a position corresponding to one of the planting spoons (8), the clamping assembly being used to clamp the potato plants inside the planting spoon (8), the clamping assembly comprising two groups of symmetrically distributed clamping plates (25); A guide assembly, used for driving the clamping assembly to move in a directional manner to a position close to the planting area, the guide assembly comprising a guide rod (13), and the clamping assembly is slidably connected to the transmission chain (7); A soil gathering component, used for gathering soil around potato plants, the soil gathering component comprising a soil gathering plate (17) rotatably connected to the bottom of the guide rod (13); A water tank (9) is arranged on one side of the guide rod (13); the water tank (9) is connected to a water pipe (14); and one end of the water pipe (14) away from the water tank (9) is arranged above the soil collecting plate (17).

2. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second transmission shaft (11) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the traction frame (1) at a position corresponding to the position of the potato plant storage bucket (6), and wheels (10) are installed at both ends of the second transmission shaft (11), and the traction frame (1) moves via two sets of the wheels (10); A first transmission shaft (5) is rotatably arranged above the traction frame (1) at a position corresponding to the second transmission shaft (11), and synchronous wheels are installed on both the first transmission shaft (5) and the second transmission shaft (11), and the transmission chain (7) is sleeved on two sets of synchronous wheels, and each planting spoon (8) moves inside the potato plant storage bucket (6) through the cooperation of the first transmission shaft (5) and the transmission chain (7); A fertilizer bucket (3) is installed at the upper end of the traction frame (1) at a position corresponding to the potato plant storage bucket (6), and a slotting knife (2) is installed at the lower end of the traction frame (1) at a position corresponding to the lower part of the fertilizer bucket (3); A flow guide pipe (4) is provided at the lower end of the fertilizing bucket (3) at a position corresponding to the slotting knife (2).

3. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first fixing plate (12) is installed at the upper end of the traction frame (1) at a position corresponding to the potato plant storage bucket (6), a first connecting rod (19) is installed at the lower end of one end of the first fixing plate (12), two groups of the first connecting rods (19) are provided, the two groups of the first connecting rods (19) are symmetrically distributed, and a second fixing plate (18) is installed at one end of the two groups of the first connecting rods (19) away from the first fixing plate (12); A slide groove (26) is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the second fixed plate (18), a limit block (39) is provided inside the slide groove (26) for limiting sliding, and an end of the limit block (39) away from the second fixed plate (18) is connected to the upper end of the guide rod (13); A first return spring (40) is provided between one end of the limit block (39) and one end inside the slide groove (26).

4. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping assembly also includes a slider (20), a second clearance groove (42) is provided at the center of a side wall of the slider (20) facing the transmission chain (7), a double-headed screw (43) is rotatably arranged inside the second clearance groove (42), a motor is installed at a position on one side wall of the slider (20) corresponding to one end of the double-headed screw (43), and an output end of the motor is connected to one end of the double-headed screw (43); One end portion of the two groups of clamping plates (25) are inserted into the interior of the second clearance groove (42) and are screwed to the double-headed screw rod (43); At least one set of fixed insertion rods (22) is provided at the lower end of the sliding block (20).

5. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the guide rod (13) is in a "7"-shaped structure, and the outer surface of the transmission chain (7) is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed electric slide grooves (37), and each of the electric slide grooves (37) is provided with an electric slider (38); A second connecting rod (24) in a "7"-shaped structure is installed on one side wall of each electric slider (38); The slider (20) is located on a side of the guide rod (13) away from the electric slider (38), and connecting columns (21) are installed at both ends of the slider (20), and a limited rotation groove (44) is provided on the outer surface of each connecting column (21) at a position corresponding to the end of the second connecting rod (24), and one end of each second connecting rod (24) away from the electric slider (38) is limitedly rotated and arranged inside the corresponding limited rotation groove (44); Two groups of symmetrically distributed guide rods (23) are arranged on a side wall of the slide block (20) facing the inner surface of the guide rod (13); and two groups of corresponding guide grooves (30) are opened on the inner surface of the guide rod (13) at positions corresponding to the two groups of guide rods (23); A fifth receiving groove (68) is provided at the end of the side wall of the two groups of guide plug rods (23) close to each other, an insert block (45) is inserted into the interior of the fifth receiving groove (68), and a second return spring (46) is provided between the end of the insert block (45) and the inner end surface of the fifth receiving groove (68), and the insert block (45) is elastically arranged inside the fifth receiving groove (68) by the second return spring (46); A first receiving groove (49) is provided inside the guide plug rod (23) at a position corresponding to the plug block (45); a supporting block (48) is inserted inside the first receiving groove (49); and a chamfered groove (47) is provided on the side wall of the plug block (45) at an end position corresponding to the supporting block (48); A driving assembly is arranged inside the limiting rotation groove (44) for driving the supporting block (48) to move.

6. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a second receiving groove (52) provided on the inner side wall of the position-limiting rotation groove (44), a first trigger block (54) being inserted and arranged inside the second receiving groove (52), and a second air bag (53) being arranged between the end of the first trigger block (54) and the inner end surface of the second receiving groove (52); A first airbag (50) is arranged between the inner end surface of the first receiving groove (49) and the end of the abutting block (48); an exhaust pipe (51) is provided between the first airbag (50) and the second airbag (53); the first airbag (50) is connected to the second airbag (53) through the exhaust pipe (51); A fixing groove (55) is provided on one side of the first trigger block (54); a third receiving groove (56) is provided on the inner side wall of the second receiving groove (52) at a position corresponding to the fixing groove (55); a fixing block (58) is provided inside the third receiving groove (56); and a third return spring (57) is provided between an end of the fixing block (58) and an inner end surface of the third receiving groove (56); A fourth receiving groove (61) is provided on the inner side wall of the limit rotation groove (44), a second trigger block (63) is provided inside the fourth receiving groove (61), and a fourth return spring (62) is provided between the end of the second trigger block (63) and the inner end surface of the fourth receiving groove (61); A through hole (59) is provided between the fourth receiving groove (61) and the third receiving groove (56), and a pull rope (60) is provided inside the through hole (59), one end of the pull rope (60) is connected to the end of the fixing block (58), and the other end of the pull rope (60) passes through the through hole (59) and is connected to the end of the second trigger block (63).

7. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of auxiliary wheels (31) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the guide rod (13); and mutually engaging guide wheels (36) are arranged on the second connecting rod (24) at positions corresponding to the auxiliary wheels (31); A supporting rod (41) is installed on one side of the slider (20) facing the inner surface of the guide rod (13); a through slot (29) is provided on the guide rod (13) at a position corresponding to the supporting rod (41); an end of the supporting rod (41) away from the slider (20) passes through the through slot (29).

8. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil collecting assembly further comprises grooves (32) provided on both sides of the bottom end of the guide rod (13), a connecting block (33) is rotatably arranged inside the groove (32), and one end of the connecting block (33) away from the groove (32) is connected to the soil collecting plate (17); The connecting block (33) is connected to a support rod (34), and one end of the support rod (34) away from the connecting block (33) passes through the guide rod (13) and is connected to a gear transmission rod (35); A first clearance groove (27) is provided on the lower end surface of the second fixing plate (18) at a position corresponding to the end of the gear transmission rod (35); a rack (28) is provided on the inner side wall of the first clearance groove (27) at a position corresponding to the end of the gear transmission rod (35); the rack (28) is meshed with the end of the gear transmission rod (35).

9. The potato cultivation equipment for expanding and shrinking rows according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least one group of water pipes (14) is provided, and a control box (15) is installed on the water pipes (14), and the control box (15) is located outside the guide rod (13); A storage chamber (64) is provided inside the control box (15), a sealing plate (66) is slidably provided inside the storage chamber (64), and a fifth return spring (65) is provided between an upper end of the sealing plate (66) and an inner top end of the storage chamber (64), and the sealing plate (66) is elastically provided inside the storage chamber (64) by the fifth return spring (65); The upper end of the sealing plate (66) is connected to a second pull rope (67), and one end of the second pull rope (67) away from the sealing plate (66) passes through the top of the control box (15) and is connected to a control rod (16); The control rod (16) and the bottom of the through slot (29) are at the same level.

10. A potato cultivation method for expanding rows and shrinking plants, characterized in that: The potato cultivation device for expanding and shrinking rows and plants according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the potato cultivation method comprises: Grooving before planting potato plants: connecting the traction frame (1) to the machine, and driving the traction frame (1) to move by the machine. During the movement, the grooves before planting potato plants are formed by the groove cutter (2). At the same time, the grooves are fertilized before planting by the cooperation of the fertilizer bucket (3) and the guide pipe (4); Clamping of potato plants: placing potato plants into the interior of the potato plant storage bucket (6), when the traction frame (1) moves via the wheels (10), it drives the second transmission shaft (11) to rotate, and during the rotation of the second transmission shaft (11), the planting spoon (8) is driven to rotate via the transmission chain (7), and during the rotation of the planting spoon (8), the potato plants in the potato plant storage bucket (6) are transported out, and when the potato plants are moved between the two groups of clamping plates (25) via the planting spoon (8), the motor connected to the double-headed screw (43) is started, and the motor drives the two groups of clamping plates (25) to approach the potato plants via the double-headed screw (43), thereby clamping the potatoes; Planting of potato plants: After the potato plants are clamped by two sets of clamping plates (25), the electric slider (38) is started, and the electric slider (38) moves along the electric slide groove (37). During the movement, the potato plants on the slider (20) are driven to move along the guide rod (13) through the cooperation of the second connecting rod (24) and the connecting column (21); When the slider (20) moves with the potato plant to the lower end of the guide rod (13), the fixed insertion rod (22) at the bottom of the slider (20) is inserted into the soil, and at the same time, the bottom of the potato plant is inserted into the planting groove. At this time, the traction frame (1) continues to move. While the traction frame (1) continues to move, the guide rod (13) continues to move along the slide groove (26) with the cooperation of the limit block (39). When the guide rod (13) moves relative to the second fixed plate (18), the gear transmission rod (35) inserted in the first clearance groove (27) will mesh with the rack (28). When meshing, the gear transmission rod (35) drives the soil gathering plate (17) to rotate through the cooperation of the support rod (34) and the connecting block (33), thereby pushing the soil on both sides of the potato plant to the outside of the potato plant, thereby realizing potato planting; Irrigation of potato plants: When the slider (20) transports the clamped potato plants to the planting trough, the supporting rod (41) moves along the through groove (29) to one side of the control rod (16). When the fixed insertion rod (22) is inserted into the soil, the guide rod (13) drives the supporting rod (41) to move toward the control rod (16). When the supporting rod (41) presses against the control rod (16) to one side, the control rod (16) drives the sealing plate (66) to move upward through the second pull rope (67). When the sealing plate (66) no longer blocks the water pipe (14), the water inside the water tank (9) irrigates the potato plants through the water pipe (14).

Images