Adaptive Flexible Pressing and Whisker Cutting Device for Garlic Harvester and Its Design Method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adaptive flexible pressing and root trimming device for a garlic harvester and its design method. An inclined pulling type clamping and conveying mechanism is adopted, and a parallel primary alignment method is used to meet the primary top alignment of garlic bulbs. An adaptive flexible pressing principle is adopted to design a garlic root trimming mechanism. The garlic stem discs are aligned by the rotation of a dial wheel and flexible pressing deformation, and the garlic roots are cut under the counter-rotating action of a root trimming disc knife. A secondary alignment method is used to extend the positioning interval, meet the secondary top alignment of garlic bulbs, achieve the consistency of the cutting stem length, and through the analysis of the operation mechanism, establish a garlic clamping motion equation and dynamic, deformation and cutting mechanics models of the dial wheel group, and determine the structural parameters of key components. The parameters of key components are optimized through multi-rigid-flexible body dynamics coupling simulation, a root trimming operation quality prediction model is established through bench tests and a double-objective optimization solution is carried out, and a cyclic test is carried out for verification, so as to meet the operation requirements of low garlic damage rate and high net cutting rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garlic harvesting machinery, and in particular to an adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for a garlic harvester and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Root cutting is the core technology of the garlic combine harvester and also the most technically challenging step. The main mechanism is that the garlic plants move diagonally upwards under the action of a gripping and conveying mechanism. The garlic root positioning mechanism aligns the root discs without damaging the bulbs, achieving the desired results of low garlic root damage and high clean cutting efficiency during the cutting process.

[0003] At present, garlic root cutting is still mainly done manually, which is labor-intensive, has low production efficiency and high labor costs, seriously restricting the development of my country's garlic industry. In the garlic root cutting process, existing garlic combine harvesters often suffer from problems such as low root clean cutting rate and high bulb damage rate due to the thin and tender skin of garlic bulbs, different sizes, mixed roots with mud and sand, and wide and disordered distribution. Therefore, solving the above problems in the root cutting process and realizing adaptive flexible pressing root cutting of garlic harvesters is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device for a garlic harvester and its design method. This device is suitable for use in analyzing the root cutting process and optimizing root crop cutting devices. During the design phase, the device analyzes the root cutting mechanism, constructs the garlic clamping motion equations and the deformation and cutting mechanics model of the thumbwheel assembly, designs a three-dimensional model of the flexible pressing and cutting device, uses a multi-flexible dynamics coupling simulation model, and conducts bench testing to establish a root cutting quality prediction model. This model is then solved using a dual-objective optimization solution, and validated through a test cycle. This analysis analyzes the operating mechanism and process of the adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device, achieving the operational requirements of low garlic root damage and high net cutting efficiency during the cutting process. The design method also optimizes the device's structural design and dimensional parameters. By applying the optimized parameters to the actual machine, the design method increases the reliability of the entire machine and improves the efficiency of overall machine improvement, significantly contributing to technological advancement in the garlic harvesting industry.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, providing a garlic harvester adaptive flexible pressing and cutting device, including a clamping and conveying mechanism for clamping the garlic stalks, conveying them forward and applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks;

[0006] The flexible pressing root cutting mechanism includes two cutting limit brackets, a root cutting disc located below the cutting limit brackets, and a motor support plate located above the cutting limit brackets. The motor support plate is axially connected to an active flexible thumbwheel and a driven flexible thumbwheel that mesh with each other. The motor support plate is also equipped with a reduction motor II that drives the active flexible thumbwheel to rotate. The two cutting limit brackets are arranged left and right with a gradually decreasing spacing between them. The active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel move the garlic stalks so that the garlic bulbs fit against the upper end surfaces of the cutting limit brackets and are transported forward. The garlic roots pass between the two cutting limit brackets and are cut by the root cutting disc.

[0007] The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism is arranged between the clamping and conveying mechanism and the flexible pressing root cutting mechanism. It is used to limit the height of the garlic bulb when the garlic stalk is conveyed forward after the garlic root is cut, drive the garlic bulb forward, and cut the garlic stem at the front end.

[0008] As an optimization, the clamping and conveying mechanism includes two clamping and conveying frames arranged on the left and right, and the front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying frames are respectively axially connected with an active clamping sprocket and a driven clamping sprocket. A clamping chain passes between the active clamping sprocket and the driven clamping sprocket. The two clamping chains clamp the garlic stalks and convey them forward. The sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are tilted upward, thereby applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks.

[0009] As an optimization, the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism includes two alignment conveyor racks arranged on the left and right, and the front and rear ends of the alignment conveyor racks are respectively axially connected with an active alignment sprocket and a driven alignment sprocket. An alignment chain passes between the active alignment sprocket and the driven alignment sprocket, and the garlic stalks pass through the two alignment chains and the upper end of the garlic bulb is pressed against the lower end of the alignment chain to achieve height limitation.

[0010] As an optimization, the active alignment sprocket is fixed with a stem cutting disc located above the alignment chain. The active alignment sprocket is connected to the active clamping sprocket through universal joint II, and the active alignment sprocket is connected to the drive shaft through universal joint I. The frequency conversion motor drives the two drive shafts to rotate in opposite directions.

[0011] As an optimization, the active flexible thumbwheel and the driven flexible thumbwheel are both tilted and the distance between them and the cutting limit bracket gradually decreases from back to front.

[0012] As an optimization, the cutting limit bracket is fixed to the shaft sleeve plate, and two support plates are fixed to the shaft sleeve plate. The rear end of the motor support plate is hinged to the two support plates through the dial rotating shaft, and a floating tension spring is connected between the motor support plate and the shaft sleeve plate.

[0013] As an optimization, two root cutting discs are provided, which are fixedly connected to spur gears, and the two spur gears are meshed with each other, and the reduction motor I drives any spur gear to rotate through a chain.

[0014] As an optimization, it further includes a parallel primary alignment mechanism arranged behind the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism. The parallel primary alignment mechanism includes two positioning and guiding tubes arranged left and right. After being guided by the two positioning and guiding tubes, the garlic stalks enter between the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial.

[0015] As an optimization, it further includes a root whisker collection mechanism. The root whisker collection mechanism includes a blower, a shunt box connected to the outlet of the blower, and a root whisker discharge pipe and a blowing pipe both connected to the shunt box. A collection port is opened on the side of the root whisker discharge pipe, and the collection port and the outlet of the blowing pipe are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides below the root cutting disc knife.

[0016] A design method for an adaptive flexible pressing and root cutting device of a garlic harvester includes the following steps:

[0017] S101. Conduct an operation mechanism analysis on the root cutting principle;

[0018] S102. Construct a motion equation for garlic clamping and conveying to determine the clamping and conveying speed; construct a deformation model of the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial to determine the center distance between the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial; construct a cutting mechanical model of the root cutting disc knife to determine the cutting angle of the root cutting disc knife.

[0019] S103. Construct a simplified assembly model of the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism, import the reconstructed model into the RecurDyn software, convert the mesh division of the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial into FFlex flexible bodies, use tetrahedral meshes to perform mesh division on the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial, set the outer surfaces of the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial as SetPatch, and respectively set the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and elastic modulus of the active flexible dial and the driven flexible dial; define constraint Joints, motion Motions, forces Forces, and contact Conacts conditions to conduct kinematic simulations; obtain the physical property parameters of the garlic plants and the soil, including the density, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio of the garlic plants and the soil; establish a discrete element model of the plants and the soil to conduct discrete element simulations to verify the correctness of the contact and position between the particles; define intrinsic parameters, contact parameters, and bonding models, establish a rigid-flexible coupling model, conduct a coupled simulation of EDEM-MFBD, and optimize the parameters of the key components of the device.

[0020] S104. Determine the working parameters of the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism, conduct a bench test, use the Box-Behnken central composite experimental method for experimental design, use Design-Expert 8.0.5 software to perform multiple linear regression fitting and variance analysis on the data, establish a prediction model for the quality of root cutting operation and conduct a two-objective optimization solution to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and then conduct an experimental cycle verification.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: An adaptive flexible pressing and whisker cutting device for a garlic harvester and its design method according to the present invention. The device designs a clamping and conveying mechanism using the principle of inclined pulling and conveying, uses the parallel primary alignment method to meet the primary top alignment of garlic bulbs, reduces the pressing floating amount, uses the moving chain secondary alignment method to extend the positioning interval, meets the secondary top alignment of garlic bulbs, and realizes the consistency of the cutting stem length; designs a garlic root cutting mechanism using the principle of adaptive flexible pressing, aligns the garlic stem plate through the rotation of the dial wheel and flexible pressing deformation, and realizes the cutting of garlic roots under the counter-rotating action of the root cutting disc knives. The design method of the device constructs a garlic clamping motion equation and dynamic, deformation and cutting mechanical models of the dial wheel group through operation mechanism analysis, and determines the structural parameters of key components. Optimize the parameters of key components through multi-rigid-flexible body dynamics coupling simulation, establish a prediction model for the quality of root cutting operation through bench tests and conduct a two-objective optimization solution to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and conduct experimental verification, in order to achieve the operation requirements of low garlic damage rate and high net cutting rate for the adaptive flexible pressing and root cutting device of the garlic harvester, further systematically elaborate and simplify the design process of the cutting device for root and tuber crops, and shorten the development cycle. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a left view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a right view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the parallel primary alignment mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a front view of the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible pressing dial wheel of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the clamping and conveying mechanism and the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile chain type secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the layout of the root beard collection mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the root beard collection mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 Flow chart of the design method of the present invention;

[0034] As shown in the figure:

[0035] 1. Welding total frame, 2. Clamping and conveying mechanism, 3. Parallel primary alignment mechanism, 301. Welding plate, 302. Positioning and guiding pipe, 4. Flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism, 401. Motor support, 402. Reduction motor I, 403. Driving sprocket, 404. Driven sprocket, 405. Floating rod, 406. Support plate, 407. Reduction motor II, 408. Motor support plate, 409. Cutting limit bracket, 410. Sleeve plate, 411. Pulleyless rotating shaft, 412. Driven flexible pulley, 413. Driving flexible pulley, 414. Floating tension spring, 415. Root cutting disc cutter, 416. Straight gear, 417. Disc cutter chain, 418. Spline shaft, 419. Cutter disc sleeve, 5. Secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism, 501. Universal joint II, 502. Stem cutting disc cutter, 503. Universal joint I, 504. Driving shaft, 6. Variable frequency motor, 7. Control box, 8. Reduction box, 9. Fan, 10. Shunt box, 11. Root beard discharge pipe, 12. Collection port, 13. Air blowing pipe. Specific implementation mode

[0036] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following elaborates on this solution through specific implementation modes.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] As Figures 1 to 12 shown, an adaptive flexible pressing and root cutting device for a garlic harvester of the present invention includes a welding total frame 1, a clamping and conveying mechanism 2, a parallel primary alignment mechanism 3, a flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4, and a secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5. The welding total frame 1 is used to fix other mechanisms, and walking wheels are installed at the lower end. The entire flexible pressing and root cutting device can move by itself or follow a garlic harvester to move.

[0039] The clamping and conveying mechanism 2 is installed at the upper end of the welding and assembling frame 1, and is used for clamping the garlic stalks and conveying them forward and applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks; as Figures 1 - 3 shown, the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 includes two clamping and conveying frames arranged left and right. The clamping and conveying frames are strip-shaped structures extending front and back, and are inclined, with the front end higher than the rear end. In this application, the conveying direction of the garlic is the front end, and the garlic is conveyed forward. The front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying frames are respectively connected to the welding and assembling frame 1 by bolts, and the bolt connection holes are long holes extending left and right, so that the left and right positions of the clamping and conveying frames can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the distance between the two clamping and conveying frames.

[0040] The front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying frame are respectively pivotally connected with a driving clamping sprocket and a driven clamping sprocket. A clamping chain is wound around between the driving clamping sprocket and the driven clamping sprocket. Since the clamping and conveying frame is inclined front and back, the height of the driving clamping sprocket is higher than that of the driven clamping sprocket, and the clamping chain is inclined.

[0041] The sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are used for clamping the garlic stalks. By the synchronous reverse rotation of the two driving clamping sprockets, the two clamping chains clamp the garlic stalks and convey them forward. The sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are inclined upward, so as to apply an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks, facilitating the positioning of the upper end height of the garlic bulb.

[0042] The flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4 is used to realize the cutting of the garlic roots. The secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 is arranged between the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4, and is used for limiting the height of the garlic bulb and driving the garlic bulb to convey forward when the garlic stalks are conveyed forward after root cutting, and cutting the garlic stem at the front end.

[0043] The clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 are driven by the same frequency conversion motor 6. Therefore, the structure of the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 will be described first.

[0044] As Figure 8 、 9 shown, the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 includes two alignment and conveying frames arranged left and right. The alignment and conveying frames are strip-shaped extending front and back, and are horizontally arranged. The front and rear ends of the alignment and conveying frames are respectively connected to the welding and assembling frame 1 by bolts, and the bolt connection holes are long holes extending left and right, so that the left and right positions of the alignment and conveying frames can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the distance between the two alignment and conveying frames.

[0045] The front and rear ends of the alignment conveyor frame are respectively pivotally connected with a driving alignment sprocket and a driven alignment sprocket. An alignment chain passes around between the driving alignment sprocket and the driven alignment sprocket. There is a gap on the side where the two alignment chains are close to each other, facilitating the garlic stalks to pass through, but not allowing the garlic bulbs to pass through. Due to the horizontal movement of the alignment chain and the upward inclined movement of the clamping chain, the distance between the clamping chain and the alignment chain gradually increases. The garlic stalks pass through the two alignment chains. Since the clamping chain drives the garlic stalks to be conveyed and also drives them to move upward, the upper end of the garlic bulb abuts against the lower end of the alignment chain, realizing the height limit of the garlic bulb.

[0046] A stem cutting disc knife 502 located above the alignment chain is fixedly connected to the driving alignment sprocket. When the garlic stalk moves to the position of the stem cutting disc knife 502, stem cutting is performed.

[0047] In order to drive the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and the secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5, as Figure 8 shown, the driving alignment sprocket is connected to the driving clamping sprocket through a universal joint II 501, the driving alignment sprocket is connected to the driving shaft through a universal joint I 503, and the variable frequency motor 6 drives the two driving shafts 504 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0048] In order to realize the reverse rotation of the two driving shafts 504, the two driving shafts 504 are pivotally connected to a horizontal steel plate. A driving sprocket is installed at the lower end of the driving shaft 504. The rotating shaft of the variable frequency motor 6 is connected to the horizontal input shaft of the reduction box 8. A reduction box sprocket is installed at the upper output shaft of the reduction box 8. The chain on the reduction box sprocket passes around between the two driving sprockets, thereby realizing the reverse rotation of the two driving sprockets.

[0049] The flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4 is used to cut the garlic roots at the root of the garlic bulb. As Figures 5 - 7 shown, the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4 includes two cutting and limiting brackets 409. The cutting and limiting brackets 409 are fixedly connected to the bushing plate 410. The bushing plate 410 is horizontally fixedly connected to the welded total frame 1. The two cutting and limiting brackets 409 are arranged left and right and the distance between them gradually decreases, and the distance is smaller than the diameter of the garlic bulb, so that the garlic roots gradually gather between the two cutting and limiting brackets 409.

[0050] The flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4 further includes a root cutting disc knife 415 located below the cutting and limiting brackets 409, a motor support 401 fixed on the welded total frame 1, a reduction motor I 402 fixed below the motor support 401, and a driving sprocket 403 connected to the reduction motor I 402. The driving sprocket 403 is connected to a driven sprocket 404 through a disc knife chain 417.

[0051] There are two root - cutting disc cutters 415. The root - cutting disc cutter 415 is fixedly connected to the spur gear 416. The two spur gears 416 mesh with each other. The reduction motor I 402 drives any spur gear 416 to rotate through a chain. The root - cutting disc cutter 415, the spur gear 416 and the driven sprocket 404 are connected by a spline shaft 418. The cutter disc bushing 419 is fixed on the bushing plate 410.

[0052] The flexible pressing root - cutting mechanism 4 further includes a motor support plate 408 located above the cutting limit bracket 409. An active flexible pulley 413 and a driven flexible pulley 412 that mesh with each other are pivotally connected on the motor support plate 408. The reduction motor II 407 for driving the active flexible pulley 413 to rotate is also installed on the motor support plate 408. Both the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 are rubber wheels, and a plurality of teeth are provided in the circumferential direction, so as to realize the meshing of the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412.

[0053] The active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 push the garlic stalks to make the garlic bulbs fit against the upper end surface of the cutting limit bracket 409 and convey them forward. The garlic roots pass through between the two cutting limit brackets 409 and are cut by the root - cutting disc cutter 415.

[0054] Both the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 are inclined, and the distance from the cutting limit bracket 409 gradually decreases from back to front. Two support plates 406 are fixedly connected to the bushing plate 410. The rear end of the motor support plate 408 is hinged to the two support plates 406 through a pulley rotating shaft 411. A floating tension spring 414 is connected between the motor support plate 408 and the bushing plate 410. A floating rod 405 passing through the motor support plate 401 is fixedly connected to the bushing plate 408, and the floating tension spring 414 is sleeved on the floating rod 405 to play a guiding role for the floating tension spring 414.

[0055] It further includes a parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 arranged behind the flexible pressing root - cutting mechanism 4, as [[ID=,17]]Figure 4 shown. The parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 includes two positioning and guiding tubes 302 arranged left and right. The positioning and guiding tubes 302 are fixedly connected to the welding total frame 1 through a welding plate 301. The distance between the rear ends of the two positioning and guiding tubes 302 increases, which plays a guiding role for the garlic stalks and also plays a limiting role for the height of the garlic bulbs. After being guided by the two positioning and guiding tubes 302, the garlic stalks enter between the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412. The garlic bulbs enter below the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 and fit against the upper end of the cutting limit bracket 409. And the garlic bulbs overcome the pulling force of the floating tension spring 414 to make the bushing plate 408 swing upward by a certain distance.

[0056] Specific operation process: When the garlic plant moves to the end of the parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 and reaches the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4, the garlic roots are gathered through the cutting limit bracket 409; the reduction motor II 407 drives the driving flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 to rotate through the drive shaft, realizing the biting and feeding of the garlic stem. During the rotation process, the teeth gradually slide to the top of the garlic bulb and apply a downward force. According to the different sizes of the garlic bulbs, the flexible pressing pulley will float around the pulley rotation shaft 411 through the floating tension spring 414, so that the stem discs of garlic bulbs of different sizes can fit the cutting limit bracket 409, realizing the alignment of the bottom ends of the garlic bulbs. The reduction motor I 402 drives the root cutting disc knife 415 to rotate to cut the garlic roots, completing the separation of the bulb and the garlic roots.

[0057] It also includes a control box 7, which is installed on the welding total frame 1 to adjust the rotation speeds of the frequency conversion motor 6, the reduction motor I 402, and the reduction motor II 407.

[0058] A design method for an adaptive flexible pressing and whisker cutting device of a garlic harvester includes the following steps:

[0059] S101. Conduct an operation mechanism analysis on the root cutting principle.

[0060] The operation mechanism is as follows: During operation, the garlic plants in a naturally drooping state under the action of gravity are fed into the feeding port of the clamping and conveying mechanism 2 and clamped and conveyed obliquely upward. When the garlic plant moves to the end of the parallel primary alignment mechanism 3 and reaches the flexible pressing and root cutting mechanism 4, the garlic roots are gathered through the cutting limit bracket 409; the reduction motor II 407 drives the driving flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 to rotate through the drive shaft, realizing the biting and feeding of the garlic stem. During the rotation process, the teeth gradually slide to the top of the garlic bulb and apply a downward force. According to the different sizes of the garlic bulbs, the driving flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 will float around the pulley rotation shaft 411 through the floating tension spring 414, so that the stem discs of garlic bulbs of different sizes can fit the cutting limit bracket 409, realizing the alignment of the bottom ends of the garlic bulbs. The reduction motor I 402 drives the root cutting disc knife 415 to rotate to cut the garlic roots, completing the separation of the bulb and the garlic roots. After the garlic roots are cut, the garlic plants continue to be conveyed backward into the moving chain secondary alignment and stem cutting mechanism 5 under the action of the clamping and conveying mechanism 2. Under the interaction of the clamping chain and the alignment chain, the top ends of the garlic bulbs are secondarily aligned, and the motor drives the stem cutting disc knife 502 of the garlic stem cutting mechanism to rotate to cut the garlic stems, completing the separation of the bulb and the garlic stems.

[0061] S102. Establish a garlic clamping and conveying motion equation to determine the clamping and conveying speed; analyze according to the geometric relationship between the chain conveying speed of the clamping and conveying mechanism and the forward speed of the whole machine during the garlic plant excavation and extraction stage. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Wherein v c is the linear velocity of the chain of the clamping and conveying mechanism, v m is the forward speed of the garlic combine harvester, k is the proportionality coefficient, n c is the rotational speed of the driving clamping sprocket of the clamping and conveying mechanism, r s is the pitch circle radius of the driving clamping sprocket of the clamping and conveying mechanism.

[0064] Construct the deformation models of the driving flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412, and determine the center distance between the driving flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412; According to the design principle of the involute of the gear and the requirements of the actual dimensions, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Wherein a is the center distance between the driving flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412, r b1 、r b2 are the radii of the driving flexible pulley and the driven flexible pulley, z 1 、z 2 is the module of the driving flexible pulley and the driven flexible pulley, and α1, α2 are the edge pressure angles of the driving flexible pulley and the driven flexible pulley.

[0067] Construct the cutting mechanical model of the root cutting disc cutter 415, and determine the cutting angle of the root cutting disc cutter 415; The calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Wherein F T is the resultant force of the pushing force of the flexible pulley on the bulb and the pulling force of the chain of the clamping and conveying mechanism, f are the frictional forces perpendicular to the cutting edge of the root cutting disc cutter and parallel to the cutting edge of the root cutting disc cutter, β is the cutting angle of the root cutting disc cutter, F N is the pressure of the garlic bulb on the stem disc, f s is the cutting resistance of the stem disc, μ is the friction factor between the stem disc and the root cutting disc cutter.

[0070] S103. Construct a simplified assembly model of the flexible pressing and root-cutting mechanism 4, import the reconstructed model into the RecurDyn software, convert the meshing of the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 into FFlex flexible bodies, use tetrahedral meshing for the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412, set the outer surfaces of the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412 as SetPatch, and respectively set the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus of the active flexible pulley 413 and the driven flexible pulley 412; define the constraint Joint, motion Motion, force Force and contact Conact conditions, and conduct kinematic simulation; obtain the physical properties of the garlic plants and the soil, including the density, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio of the garlic plants and the soil; establish a discrete element model of the plants and the soil, conduct discrete element simulation, and verify the correctness of the contact and position between the particles; define the eigenparameters, contact parameters and bonding model, establish a rigid-flexible coupling model, conduct the coupled simulation of EDEM-MFBD, and optimize the parameters of the key components of the device.

[0071] S104. Determine the working parameters of the flexible pressing and root-cutting mechanism 4, conduct a bench test, use the Box-Behnken central composite experimental method for experimental design, use the Design-Expert 8.0.5 software to conduct multiple linear regression fitting and variance analysis on the data, establish a root-cutting operation quality prediction model and conduct a double-objective optimization solution, obtain the optimal parameter combination, and then conduct experimental cycle verification.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] This example also includes a root beard collection mechanism, as Figure 10 、 11 shown. The root beard collection mechanism includes a blower 9, a shunt box 10 connected to the outlet of the blower 9, and a root beard discharge pipe 11 and a blowing pipe 13 both connected to the shunt box 10. The root beard discharge pipe 11 is horizontally arranged in front of the root-cutting disc knife 415 and the opening faces the side, and can throw the collected root beards to the side.

[0074] A collection port 12 is opened on the side of the root beard discharge pipe 11, and the collection port 12 faces backward. Figure 10 In

[0075] Certainly, the above description is not limited to the above examples. The technical features not described in the present invention can be implemented by or adopt the prior art, which will not be elaborated here. The above embodiments and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not a limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the technical field within the scope of the essence of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device for a garlic harvester, characterized in that, include: A clamping and conveying mechanism (2) is used for clamping the garlic stems and conveying them forward and applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stems; A flexible pressing root cutting mechanism (4) comprises two cutting limit brackets (409), a root cutting disc (415) located below the cutting limit brackets (409), and a motor support plate (408) located above the cutting limit brackets (409). The motor support plate (408) is connected to an upper shaft with an active flexible thumbwheel (413) and a driven flexible thumbwheel (412) that mesh with each other. The motor support plate (408) is also provided with a reduction motor II (407) that drives the active flexible thumbwheel (413) to rotate. The two cutting limit brackets (409) are arranged left and right with a gradually decreasing spacing. The active flexible thumbwheel (413) and the driven flexible thumbwheel (412) move the garlic stems so that the garlic bulbs fit on the upper end surfaces of the cutting limit brackets (409) and are transported forward. The garlic roots pass between the two cutting limit brackets (409) and are cut by the root cutting disc (415). The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism (5) is arranged between the clamping and conveying mechanism (2) and the flexible pressing and cutting root mechanism (4), and is used to limit the height of the garlic bulb when the garlic stalk is conveyed forward after the garlic root is cut, and to drive the garlic bulb to be conveyed forward, and to cut the garlic stem at the front end; The clamping and conveying mechanism (2) comprises two clamping and conveying racks arranged left and right, wherein the front and rear ends of the clamping and conveying racks are respectively connected to an active clamping sprocket and a driven clamping sprocket, a clamping chain is passed between the active clamping sprocket and the driven clamping sprocket, and the two clamping chains clamp the garlic stalks and convey them forward, and the sides of the two clamping chains close to each other are tilted upward, thereby applying an upward pulling force to the garlic stalks; The secondary alignment stem cutting mechanism (5) comprises two alignment conveyor racks arranged left and right, wherein the front and rear ends of the alignment conveyor racks are respectively connected to an active alignment sprocket and a driven alignment sprocket, an alignment chain passes between the active alignment sprocket and the driven alignment sprocket, the garlic stalks pass through the two alignment chains, and the upper end of the garlic bulb is pressed against the lower end of the alignment chain to achieve height limitation.

2. The self-adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device for garlic harvester according to claim 1, wherein: A stem cutting disc (502) located above the alignment chain is fixedly connected to the active alignment sprocket, the active alignment sprocket is connected to the active clamping sprocket via a universal joint II (501), the active alignment sprocket is connected to the drive shaft via a universal joint I (503), and the frequency conversion motor (6) drives the two drive shafts (504) to rotate in opposite directions.

3. The self-adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device of the garlic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active flexible thumbwheel (413) and the driven flexible thumbwheel (412) are both arranged obliquely, and the distance between them and the cutting limit bracket (409) gradually decreases from the back to the front.

4. The self-adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device for garlic harvester according to claim 3, wherein: The cutting limit bracket (409) is fixed on the shaft sleeve plate (410), and two support plates (406) are fixed on the shaft sleeve plate (410). The rear end of the motor support plate (408) is hinged to the two support plates (406) through the dial wheel rotation shaft (411), and a floating tension spring (414) is connected between the motor support plate (408) and the shaft sleeve plate (410).

5. The self-adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device for garlic harvester according to claim 1, wherein: There are two described root-cutting disc cutters (415). The root-cutting disc cutters (415) are fixedly connected to spur gears (416), and the two spur gears (416) mesh with each other. The reduction motor I (402) drives any spur gear (416) to rotate through a chain.

6. The self-adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device for garlic harvester according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a parallel primary alignment mechanism (3) arranged behind the flexible pressing root-cutting mechanism (4). The parallel primary alignment mechanism (3) includes two positioning and guiding tubes (302) arranged left and right. After being guided by the two positioning and guiding tubes (302), the garlic stalks enter between the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412).

7. The self-adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device for garlic harvester according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a root whisker collection mechanism. The root whisker collection mechanism includes a blower (9), a shunt box (10) connected to the outlet of the blower (9), and a root whisker discharge pipe (11) and a blowing pipe (13) both connected to the shunt box (10). A collection port (12) is opened on the side of the root whisker discharge pipe (11). The outlets of the collection port (12) and the blowing pipe (13) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides below the root-cutting disc cutter (415).

8. A design method for an adaptive flexible pressing and whisker-cutting device of the garlic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S101. Conduct an operation mechanism analysis of the root-cutting principle. S102. Construct a garlic clamping and conveying motion equation to determine the clamping and conveying speed; construct a deformation model of the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412) to determine the center distance between the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412); construct a cutting mechanical model of the root-cutting disc cutter (415) to determine the cutting angle of the root-cutting disc cutter (415). S103. Construct a simplified assembly model of the flexible pressing root-cutting mechanism (4), import the reconstructed model into the RecurDyn software, convert the mesh division of the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412) into FFlex flexible bodies, use tetrahedral meshes to conduct mesh division on the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412), set the outer surfaces of the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412) as SetPatch, and respectively set the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and elastic modulus of the active flexible pulley (413) and the driven flexible pulley (412); define constraint Joints, motion Motions, forces Forces, and contact Conacts conditions to conduct kinematic simulations; obtain the physical property parameters of the garlic plants and the soil, including the density, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio of the garlic plants and the soil; establish a discrete element model of the plants and the soil to conduct discrete element simulations to verify the correctness of the contact and position between the particles; define eigenparameters, contact parameters, and bonding models, establish a rigid-flexible coupling model, conduct a coupled simulation of EDEM-MFBD, and optimize the parameters of the key components of the device. S104. Determine the working parameters of the flexible pressing and root-cutting mechanism (4), conduct a bench test, use the Box-Behnken central composite experimental method for experimental design, use Design-Expert 8.0.5 software to perform multiple linear regression fitting and variance analysis on the data, establish a prediction model for the quality of the root-cutting operation and conduct a dual-objective optimization solution to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and then conduct an experimental cycle verification.

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