A method for planting and harvesting muscadine grapes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for planting and harvesting muscadine grapes, which includes planting plants in a wide-row and close-planting manner, and there is a certain walking distance between rows of plants. A plant support device is provided on one side of each plant. The plant support device includes a lower fixing base, a lower support rod and an upper support rod. The lower fixing base is fixedly buried in the field. The lower support rod is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lower fixing base. A support spring is fixedly installed on the lower support rod, and the other end of the support spring is fixedly installed with an upper support rod. A plurality of positioning rings for fixing plants are fixedly arranged on the side end surfaces of the upper support rod and the lower support rod, and harvesting is carried out by vibration. The muscadine grapes planted by this method are convenient for harvesting, can improve the harvesting efficiency, facilitate the implementation of fully automated mechanical harvesting, and reduce the labor cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural planting methods, and particularly to a planting method and a harvesting method for muscadine grapes. Background Art

[0002] Muscadine grapes are native to the southeastern United States, resistant to pests and diseases, and have strong stress resistance. They have been introduced into China for nearly 20 years and are cultivated in many places in the south. Their fruits have a strong aroma of subtropical fruits and flowers, can be eaten fresh, and can also be used to make wine, fruit juice, preserved fruits, jams and other processed products, making them a rare dual-purpose grape.

[0003] Due to their variety characteristics, the fruit maturity periods are inconsistent. Even on the same cluster of fruits, there is a difference of 10 - 15 days in the maturity periods of different berries, which brings great difficulties to harvesting and increases a lot of harvesting costs.

[0004] In years of observation and experiments, it has been found that different varieties and different fruit maturity levels have different fruit stalk tensile strength thresholds. Based on the above characteristics, a planting method suitable for mechanized harvesting and a supporting mechanized harvester can be designed.

[0005] However, the existing muscadine grape planting methods are not convenient for mechanized harvesting and can only be harvested manually, resulting in low work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a planting method and a harvesting method for muscadine grapes. The muscadine grapes planted by the method of the present invention can achieve automated harvesting.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A muscadine grape planting method includes planting plants in a wide-row and close-planting manner, with a certain walking distance between rows of plants. A plant support device is provided on one side of each plant. The plant support device includes a lower fixing base, a lower support rod, and an upper support rod. The lower fixing base is fixedly buried in the field. An upper end surface of the lower fixing base is fixedly installed with the lower support rod. A support spring is fixedly installed on the lower support rod, and the other end of the support spring is fixedly installed with the upper support rod. A plurality of positioning rings for fixing the plants are fixedly provided on side end surfaces of the upper support rod and the lower support rod.

[0009] Further, the wide-row and close-planting manner includes a row width between 180 - 260 cm and a plant spacing between 30 - 70 cm.

[0010] Further, the plants are planted by ridging, and the flat ground ridge surface is more than 30 cm high, and the sloping ground ridge surface is about 8 - 12 cm high.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the lower support rod is not less than that of the upper support rod, the diameter of the upper support rod is not greater than that of the lower support rod, and the diameter of the support spring is smaller than that of the upper support rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting member is movably sleeved between the lower support rod and the upper support rod, and both ends of the connecting member are movably connected to the upper support rod and the lower support rod respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, a first pin hole is formed at one end of the connecting member, a second pin hole is also formed on the upper support rod, a pin is movably inserted into the first pin hole, and the pin extends into the second pin hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning ring is an openable and closable installation realized by a hinge and a buckle, and a soft layer is provided on the inner wall of the positioning ring.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes planting the plant beside the column, leaving a single trunk, leading and tying it from the steel ring reserved on the steel column to the top of the column, pinching and pruning to cultivate 4 main branches, leaving 2 secondary main branches on each main branch, and then only using mechanical pruning without specific long and short shoot pruning.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower fixing seat is a cement concrete fixing base, and the lower fixing seat is completely buried in the soil, and part of the lower support rod is also buried in the soil.

[0017] Furthermore, the fruit harvesting includes the steps of:

[0018] After the fruit is ripe, pull out the pin so that the connecting member completely falls onto the lower support rod, and ensure that the connecting member does not cover the spring;

[0019] Cover and wrap the tree crown with an umbrella-shaped structure, and shake the fruit with a high degree of maturity by vibration;

[0020] Collect the fruits and pack them into boxes.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The method of the present invention can be adapted to flat land, hilly land, etc., is suitable for small-scale mechanized production areas, can significantly reduce production input costs, improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and reduce management costs.

[0023] Adopting the single-stem planting mode can save labor for tasks such as tying vines, removing buds, and shaping; adopting columnar facilities for planting reduces the wire materials compared to conventional trellises and pergolas, and the height of the columns is also much lower than that of conventional trellises and pergolas, reducing the material cost of establishing the orchard by more than 30%. The construction is simple, without considering the construction work of wires such as traction and tying, saving more than 50% of the labor for establishing the orchard; pruning adopts mechanized pruning similar to greening shrub hedges, saving labor and improving work efficiency; fourth, the management and maintenance are simple, and the management cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the present invention.

[0025] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0026] 1. Lower fixing seat; 2. Lower support rod; 3. Upper support rod; 4. Support spring; 5. Positioning ring; 6. Connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The following elaborates on the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making the protection scope of the present invention more clearly defined.

[0028] See Figure 1 As shown, a method for planting muscadine grapes includes planting plants in a wide-row and close-planting manner, with a certain walking space between the rows of plants. A plant support device is provided on one side of each plant. The plant support device includes a lower fixing seat, a lower support rod, and an upper support rod. The lower fixing seat is fixedly buried in the field. The upper end surface of the lower fixing seat is fixedly installed with a lower support rod. A support spring is fixedly installed on the lower support rod. The other end of the support spring is fixedly installed with an upper support rod. A plurality of positioning rings for fixing the plant are fixedly provided on the side end surfaces of the upper support rod and the lower support rod.

[0029] The wide-row and close-planting manner includes a row width between 180 - 260 cm and a plant spacing between 30 - 70 cm.

[0030] The plants are planted by ridging, and the flat ground ridge surface is more than 30 cm high, and the sloping ground ridge surface is about 8 - 12 cm high.

[0031] The length of the lower support rod is not less than that of the upper support rod, the diameter of the upper support rod is not greater than that of the lower support rod, and the diameter of the support spring is smaller than that of the upper support rod.

[0032] A connecting piece is also movably sleeved between the lower support rod and the upper support rod, and both ends of the connecting piece are movably connected to the upper support rod and the lower support rod respectively.

[0033] One end of the connecting piece is provided with a first pin hole, and the upper support rod is also provided with a second pin hole. A pin is movably inserted into the first pin hole, and the pin extends into the second pin hole.

[0034] The positioning ring is an openable and closable installation realized through a hinge and a buckle, and a soft layer is provided on the inner wall of the positioning ring.

[0035] It also includes that the plants are planted beside the column, leaving a single trunk, leading and tying from the steel ring reserved on the steel column to the top of the column, topping and pruning to cultivate 4 main branches, and each main branch leaves 2 secondary main branches. After that, only mechanical pruning is adopted, and no specific long and short shoot pruning is done.

[0036] The lower fixing seat is a cement concrete fixing base, and the lower fixing seat is completely buried in the soil, and part of the lower support rod is also buried in the soil. Embodiment 1

[0037] Adopt wide-row close planting, row width 2.5 meters, plant spacing 0.5 meters, with an average of 530 plants / 667 square meters; according to the terrain, the flat ground ridge surface is more than 30 cm high, and the sloping ground ridge surface is 10 cm high.

[0038] The plant support device adopts two sections of stainless steel pipes, each 70 cm long, with an inner diameter of 4 cm and an outer diameter of 4.2 cm. A thick stainless steel spring is nested in the middle, the spring is 8 - 10 cm long, with an inner diameter of 3.8 cm and a wire diameter of 3 mm. The upper end of the lower support rod is sleeved with a steel pipe type connecting piece whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe. Usually, the connecting piece realizes two locking states through the pin hole and the pin, that is, the connecting piece completely covers the spring inside, and the upper end of the connecting piece covers part of the upper support rod, and the lower end of the connecting piece covers part of the lower support rod, so that the upper support rod and the lower support rod cannot swing due to the factor of spring connection; during harvesting, open the pin to unlock the spring, the upper support rod and the lower support rod, and the steel pipe of the upper support rod can be shaken.

[0039] On one side of the upper support rod and the lower support rod, a semi-circular positioning ring with an inner diameter of 5 cm is welded alternately every 30 cm to facilitate leading and tying the main trunk of the grape.

[0040] The column is inserted into the soil for 40 cm, and a cement concrete fixing base is used. The height of the column above the ground is 1.1 meters; the round-leaved grape is planted beside the column, leaving a single trunk, leading and tying from the steel ring reserved on the steel column to the top of the column, topping and pruning to cultivate 4 main branches, and each main branch leaves 2 secondary main branches. After that, only mechanical pruning is adopted, and no specific long and short shoot pruning is done.

[0041] After the fruits are mature, use an umbrella-shaped structure to wrap the tree crown from above, and then the support in the umbrella-shaped structure can generate a certain intensity of vibration, which can effectively shake off the fruits with high maturity without damaging the fruit surface, and then use a robotic arm to lift the harvested fruits and place them in the cargo box.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A support device for a muscadine grape plant, characterized in that: The plant support device includes a lower fixing base (1), a lower support rod (2) and an upper support rod (3). The lower fixing base (1) is fixedly buried in the field. The lower support rod (2) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lower fixing base (1). A support spring (4) is fixedly installed on the lower support rod (2). The other end of the support spring (4) is fixedly installed with an upper support rod (3). A plurality of positioning rings (5) for fixing plants are fixedly arranged on the side end surfaces of the upper support rod (3) and the lower support rod (2); A connecting piece (6) is also movably sleeved between the lower support rod (2) and the upper support rod (3), and both ends of the connecting piece (6) are movably connected to the upper support rod (3) and the lower support rod (2) respectively; One end of the connecting piece (6) is provided with a first pin hole, and the upper support rod (3) is also provided with a second pin hole. A pin is movably inserted into the first pin hole, and the pin extends into the second pin hole.

2. The supporting device for a muscadine grape plant according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the lower support rod (2) is not less than the length of the upper support rod (3). The diameter of the upper support rod (3) is not greater than the diameter of the lower support rod (2), and the diameter of the support spring (4) is smaller than the diameter of the upper support rod (3).

3. The supporting device for the muscadine grape plant according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning ring (5) is an openable and closable installation realized by a hinge and a buckle, and a soft layer is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning ring (5).

4. The support device for a muscadine grape plant according to claim 1, wherein: The lower fixing base (1) is a cement concrete fixing base, and the lower fixing base (1) is completely buried in the soil, and part of the lower support rod (2) is also buried in the soil.

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