External antipyretic pharmaceutical composition as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composition consists of radix bupleuri, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, elsholtzia, scutellaria baicalensis, isatis root and rhizoma smilacis glabrae. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the eight medicinal materials, adding water, decocting, and sub-packaging the decoction into bags. Clinical tests prove that the buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription prepared by the invention can effectively improve clinical symptoms such as cough, lung signs, yellow and greasy tongue coating, slippery pulse, dry mouth and throat and the like of a child patient, can effectively reduce the number of disease days of the child patient and shorten the time for reducing the body temperature of the child patient to normal, does not have adverse events, and has a good clinical application prospect. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has obvious curative effects on reducing fever and body temperature of the pneumonia dyspnea and cough phlegm-heat closed lung syndrome and relieving clinical symptoms, and can be used for treating the infantile pneumonia dyspnea and cough phlegm-heat closed lung syndrome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and specifically relates to an external antipyretic drug composition and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pneumonia in children is a lung inflammation caused by a variety of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, atypical microorganisms, etc.) or other factors (allergies, etc.). Its clinical manifestations are mainly fever and cough, which may be accompanied by shortness of breath. In severe cases, dyspnea may occur, and fixed moist rales in the lungs are the main signs. [3] Pneumonia is one of the common respiratory diseases in children, and it is more common in children and adolescents. If it is not treated properly or the prognosis is poor, it may cause the death of the child. [4] Since the 21st century, one of the public health problems facing mankind is viral infectious respiratory diseases caused by respiratory viruses. Respiratory viruses have the characteristics of fast transmission speed and high mortality rate. [5] , and the anatomical and physiological structure of the respiratory system and the physiological function of the immune system of children are not fully developed, so the incidence of viral pneumonia in children is high, which has caused a great economic burden on families and society. Pneumonia belongs to the category of "pneumonia cough" in traditional Chinese medicine. [6] , characterized by fever, cough, sputum, and wheezing, and is more common in spring and winter [7] The causes of the disease can be divided into external and internal causes. The external cause is that the wind evil invades the skin surface, pores and hair pores, resulting in the dysfunction of the lung's function of dispersing and descending; the internal cause is that the child's physical form and qi are not full, and the lungs are delicate and unable to expel the evil. The key to the pathogenesis of this disease is the stagnation of lung qi, and the disease is located in the lungs. Traditional Chinese medicine has a definite effect in treating pneumonia and cough. It can reduce the hospitalization rate for mild cases, and synergistic treatment can quickly improve symptoms, shorten hospitalization time, reduce medical expenses, and reduce the rate of secondary hospitalization for severe cases. [8] .

[0003] Fever is the most common symptom of pneumonia and cough in children. Fever is a physiological mechanism, not a disease. Most children's fever is related to self-limiting viral infections. [9] Fever itself is beneficial in fighting infection, and there is no evidence that fever can lead to worsening of the disease or long-term neurological complications.

[10] However, fever symptoms often cause concern and worry among parents. Many parents use antipyretics when their children have a low fever or no fever, believing that children must maintain a "normal" body temperature.

[11] Fever phobia has been reported since the 1980s and has not decreased significantly over time.

[12] , and persists among child caregivers and medical staff, which may lead to overtreatment of febrile children and ignore the essential purpose of cooling. At present, many guidelines have put forward corresponding clinical practice recommendations for the purpose of improving the comfort of children with fever. The guidelines for the management of children's fever all emphasize that the goal of cooling is mainly to reduce the discomfort of children with fever, rather than just to reduce body temperature. Antipyretic drugs should be used when children feel uncomfortable, rather than waiting for a certain critical value of body temperature. It is important to evaluate the comfort of children. The results show that both can better reflect the discomfort of children during fever, but there are few studies on the use of antipyretic drugs to improve the comfort of children with fever. The most commonly used antipyretic drugs are acetaminophen and ibuprofen, and the safety and effectiveness of the two are comparable. Although the combination or alternation of the two drugs is more effective than monotherapy in reducing body temperature, the clinical benefits are minimal and the risk of adverse drug reactions will be increased. Therefore, the guidelines do not recommend alternating or combining them. Benefits of antipyretic treatment: ① Temporary improvement of comfort; ② Fever will significantly increase oxygen and energy consumption, accelerating the metabolism of important organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. For children with serious organ and tissue diseases (cardiopulmonary insufficiency, malignant tumors and other chronic wasting diseases), antipyretic treatment may reduce mortality

[13] .

[0004] Chinese medicine foot bath is one of the traditional external treatments of Chinese medicine. It combines the triple effects of the drug's own effects, the skin's absorption effect, and the stimulation of the foot acupoints during the foot bath. At the same time, the warmth during the foot bath opens the pores and expel the evil with sweat, which not only solves the problem of oral administration, but also avoids the first-pass effect of the liver and the damage of the drug to the gastrointestinal tract.

[14] . Traditional Chinese medicine foot bath has a long history, and the main treatment theory is the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine. For example, "Suwen·Jue Lun" says: "Yang Qi starts from the surface of the five toes... Yin Qi starts from the inside of the five fingers." "Lingshu·Dongshu" records: "The meeting of yin and yang at the four extremities is the great network of qi." The above records show that the feet are closely related to the yin and yang, qi and blood, and meridians of the whole body. The foot is the starting point of the three yin meridians and the end point of the three yang meridians. It is closely related to the twelve meridians; there are 66 acupoints distributed on the feet below the ankle, accounting for 1 / 10 of the acupoints in the whole body.

[15] The foot is a complex structure, with 7,000 nerve endings in each foot. In addition, it contains a complex lymphatic system, so foot massage can affect the whole body.

[16] Foot massage originated in my country, and there are records of foot massage in the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine and Hua Tuo's Secret Book.

[17] . During the foot bath, the warm medicinal liquid can continuously stimulate the acupuncture points on both feet, and through the conduction of the meridians, it can regulate the internal organs, so that the qi and blood of the whole body can flow smoothly, the pores can be opened, and then the body fluids can be regulated to achieve the effect of curing diseases and health care. Children's skin is thin and tender, with a thin stratum corneum and strong permeability, so drugs are more easily absorbed, which makes this method particularly suitable. Modern research believes that the acupuncture points in the reflex zones of both feet have a corresponding relationship with the human nerves, five senses and five internal organs. Bathing the skin of the feet with warm medicinal liquid can not only dilate the local tiny blood vessels of the feet, but also accelerate the blood circulation throughout the body and regulate the function of the internal organs through nerve conduction and warming effect.

[18] . Through foot bath with medicinal liquid, the water temperature can stimulate the efficacy of the medicine, and then through whole body or local bathing or rubbing bath, the pores are opened, the meridians are unblocked, and the qi and blood are regulated. Not only can the temperature be reduced physically, but the medicine can also be easily absorbed through the skin to achieve the effects of relieving muscles and reducing fever. The medicinal bath treatment of children's fever is simple, convenient, cheap and effective. It is suitable for children who have difficulty taking medicine and is easily accepted by children and their families. It is a traditional Chinese medicine operation technique with basically no medical risks.

[0005] The present invention is based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and aims to study an external antipyretic drug formula (Buyi foot bath antipyretic formula), which is composed of eight Chinese medicinal materials, including bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and smilax glabra. Among them, bupleurum: dispels fever, relieves liver and relieves depression, and raises yang; mint: dispels wind-heat, clears the head, relieves throat and clears rashes; gypsum: clears heat and purges fire, eliminates restlessness and quenches thirst; raw ephedra: sweats and relieves exterior symptoms, clears the lungs and relieves asthma; Elsholtzia: sweats and relieves exterior symptoms, eliminates dampness and harmonizes the middle; scutellaria: clears heat and dries dampness, purges fire and detoxifies; isatis root: clears heat and detoxifies, cools blood and relieves throat; smilax glabra: detoxifies and removes dampness, and clears joints. The prescription is based on gypsum and bupleurum as the main medicine, which can disperse wind-heat, clear away heat and purge fire; with scutellaria and ephedra as the ministers, which can induce sweating and relieve the symptoms, clear away heat and dry dampness; with isatis root, smilax glabra and elsholtzia as the assistants, which can detoxify, relieve sore throat and remove dampness; with peppermint as the messenger, which can disperse wind-heat, clear the head and eyes, relieve sore throat and clear rash. After studying and observing the antipyretic time effect and symptom improvement of the antipyretic prescription foot bath method in the auxiliary treatment of pneumonia and asthma in children, the results showed that the degree of body temperature reduction in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group, and the antipyretic onset time, antipyretic time and the number of times the antipyretic drugs were used during the treatment were better than the control group. The TCM syndrome scores after treatment were all lower than those before treatment and the control group in the same period, and the cure rate was higher than that of the control group. The above results show that the external antipyretic drug prescription of the present invention has a significant effect on reducing the fever body temperature of pneumonia, asthma, cough, phlegm and heat blocking lung syndrome and alleviating clinical symptoms. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an external antipyretic medicinal composition.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an external antipyretic medicinal composition or the use of the decoction obtained in the preparation of medicines for treating pneumonia cough in children.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0010] The external antipyretic medicinal composition of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of bupleurum, 3-9 parts of mint, 15-25 parts of gypsum, 5-15 parts of raw ephedra, 5-15 parts of elsholtzia, 10-20 parts of scutellaria, 5-15 parts of isatis root, and 5-15 parts of smilax glabra.

[0011] Preferably, the external antipyretic medicinal composition of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-24 parts of bupleurum, 4-8 parts of mint, 16-24 parts of gypsum, 6-14 parts of raw ephedra, 6-14 parts of Elsholtzia, 12-18 parts of scutellaria, 6-14 parts of isatis root, and 6-14 parts of smilax glabra.

[0012] Further preferably, the external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of bupleurum, 5-7 parts of mint, 18-22 parts of gypsum, 8-12 parts of raw ephedra, 8-12 parts of Elsholtzia, 14-16 parts of scutellaria, 8-12 parts of isatis root, and 8-12 parts of smilax glabra.

[0013] Further preferably, the external antipyretic medicinal composition of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of bupleurum, 6 parts of mint, 20 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of raw ephedra, 10 parts of Elsholtzia, 15 parts of Scutellaria, 10 parts of Isatis root, and 10 parts of Smilax glabra.

[0014] The preparation method of the external antipyretic medicinal composition of the present invention is: taking bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and smilax glabra medicinal materials according to the prescription amount, mixing, adding 4-8 times the volume of water of the total mass of the medicinal materials, decocting 2-4 times, each time for 0.5-1.5h, combining the decoction, and packaging into bags.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is: take bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and smilax glabra medicinal materials according to the prescription amount, mix them, add 5-7 times the volume of water of the total mass of the medicinal materials, decoct them 2-3 times, each time for 0.5-1h, combine the decoctions, and pack them into bags.

[0016] Further preferably, the preparation method of the external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is: take bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, Scutellaria, Isatis root, and Smilax glabra medicinal materials according to the prescription amount, mix them, add 6 times the volume of water of the total mass of the medicinal materials, decoct them twice, each time for 0.5 h, combine the decoctions, and pack them into bags.

[0017] The invention discloses an application of the pharmaceutical composition in preparing medicine for treating pneumonia cough in children.

[0018] The decoction obtained by the preparation method of the invention is used in preparing medicine for treating pneumonia cough in children.

[0019] The dosage form for preparing the medicine for treating pneumonia cough of the present invention includes but is not limited to: external decoction.

[0020] The parts by weight in the present invention refer to internationally known weight units such as g and kg.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. The external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has a significant therapeutic effect on reducing fever and body temperature of pneumonia, wheezing, cough, phlegm-heat and lung-blocking syndrome and alleviating clinical symptoms.

[0023] 2. The Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription prepared by the present invention is a new product, which can be used to treat pneumonia, asthma, cough, phlegm, heat and lung-blocking syndrome in children, and has significant efficacy. The clinical efficacy of Buyi antipyretic prescription in treating pneumonia, asthma and cough in children was observed by clinical comparison, and the results showed that:

[0024] (1) In terms of the total effective rate of treatment, after the Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription of the present invention was used to treat children, the number of cured cases in the treatment group (7.5%) was slightly better than that in the control group (5.0%), but the number of markedly effective cases in the treatment group reached 85%, which was significantly better than the 7.5% in the control group; and in terms of the effective rate of antipyretic effect within 3 days, the effective rate of the treatment group was 100%, and there were no ineffective cases, while there were ineffective cases in the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05);

[0025] (2) Compared with TCM syndromes, the Buyi foot bath fever-reducing prescription of the present invention had no obvious advantage in improving cough symptoms, but had obvious effects on expectoration, wheezing, lung rales, tongue coating, dry mouth and throat, and tongue quality. The total effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05);

[0026] (3) In terms of the total score of TCM symptoms before and after treatment, compared with before treatment, *P<0.05, compared with the control group, △P<0.05, and compared with the treatment group before and after (z=-5.582, p<0.000, the total score of TCM symptoms decreased after treatment).

[0027] 3. The Buyi fever-reducing prescription of the present invention can not only increase the total effective rate of clinical treatment of pneumonia and asthma in children, reduce the total score of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms, but also effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children such as cough, lung signs, yellow and greasy tongue coating, slippery and rapid pulse, dry mouth and throat, etc., and can also effectively reduce the number of days of the disease course and shorten the time for the child's body temperature to return to normal, without any adverse events. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Example 1 External antipyretic drug composition

[0029] Recipe: 20g bupleurum, 6g mint, 20g gypsum, 10g raw ephedra, 10g elsholtzia, 15g scutellaria, 10g isatis root, and 10g wild yam.

[0030] Example 2 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0031] Recipe: 25g bupleurum, 9g mint, 25g gypsum, 15g raw ephedra, 5g Elsholtzia, 10g Scutellaria, 5g Isatis root, and 5g Smilax glabra.

[0032] Example 3 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0033] Recipe: 15g bupleurum, 4g mint, 15g gypsum, 6g raw ephedra, 15g elsholtzia, 15g scutellaria, 15g isatis root, 15g wild yam.

[0034] Example 4 External antipyretic drug composition

[0035] Recipe: 16g bupleurum, 4g mint, 16g gypsum, 14g raw ephedra, 14g elsholtzia, 16g scutellaria, 6g isatis root, and 14g wild yam.

[0036] Example 5 External antipyretic drug composition

[0037] Recipe: 24g bupleurum, 8g mint, 16g gypsum, 14g raw ephedra, 6g elsholtzia, 12g scutellaria, 14g isatis root, and 6g wild yam.

[0038] Example 6 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0039] Recipe: 18g bupleurum, 5g mint, 22g gypsum, 12g raw ephedra, 12g elsholtzia, 14g scutellaria, 8g isatis root, and 8g wild yam.

[0040] Example 7 External antipyretic drug composition

[0041] Recipe: 22g bupleurum, 7g mint, 18g gypsum, 8g raw ephedra, 8g elsholtzia, 16g scutellaria, 12g isatis root, and 8g wild yam.

[0042] Example 8 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0043] Recipe: 25g bupleurum, 5g mint, 15g gypsum, 15g raw ephedra, 10g Elsholtzia, 10g Scutellaria, 10g Isatis root, and 10g Smilax glabra.

[0044] Example 9 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0045] Recipe: 15g bupleurum, 5g mint, 25g gypsum, 10g raw ephedra, 10g elsholtzia, 15g scutellaria, 10g isatis root, and 10g smilax glabra.

[0046] Example 10 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0047] Recipe: 20g bupleurum, 8g mint, 20g gypsum, 8g raw ephedra, 10g elsholtzia, 15g scutellaria, 10g isatis root, and 9g wild yam.

[0048] Example 11 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0049] Recipe: 18g bupleurum, 7g mint, 18g gypsum, 12g raw ephedra, 12g elsholtzia, 15g scutellaria, 8g isatis root, and 10g smilax glabra.

[0050] Example 12 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0051] Recipe: 24g bupleurum, 4g mint, 24g gypsum, 8g raw ephedra, 8g elsholtzia, 12g scutellaria, 12g isatis root, and 8g wild yam.

[0052] Example 13 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0053] Recipe: 16g bupleurum, 8g mint, 16g gypsum, 14g raw ephedra, 14g elsholtzia, 12g scutellaria, 14g isatis root, and 6g wild yam.

[0054] Example 14 External antipyretic medicinal composition

[0055] Recipe: 20g bupleurum, 9g mint, 20g gypsum, 15g raw ephedra, 10g Elsholtzia, 15g Scutellaria, 5g Isatis root, and 5g Smilax glabra.

[0056] The formulations of Examples 1-14 were used in the following preparation methods

[0057] Example 15 Preparation method of external antipyretic medicinal composition (Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription)

[0058] According to the prescription, mix the medicinal materials of bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and wild smilax, add 6 times the volume of water of the total mass of the medicinal materials, decoct twice, each time for 0.5 h, combine the decoctions, and pack into bags to obtain the Buyi foot bath antipyretic recipe.

[0059] Usage: For external use, 150mL per bag, once a day, 20 minutes each time.

[0060] Example 16 Preparation method of external antipyretic medicinal composition (Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription)

[0061] According to the prescription, mix the medicinal materials of bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and wild smilax, add water that is 4 times the volume of the total mass of the medicinal materials, decoct 4 times, each time for 1 hour, combine the decoctions, and pack into bags to obtain the Buyi foot bath antipyretic recipe.

[0062] Usage: For external use, 150mL per bag, once a day, 20 minutes each time.

[0063] Example 17 Preparation method of external antipyretic medicinal composition (Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription)

[0064] According to the prescription, mix the medicinal materials of bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and smilax glabra, add 8 times the volume of water of the total mass of the medicinal materials, decoct twice, each time for 1.5 hours, combine the decoctions, and pack into bags to obtain the Buyi foot bath antipyretic recipe.

[0065] Usage: For external use, 150mL per bag, once a day, 20 minutes each time.

[0066] In order to prove the feasibility and beneficial effects of the present invention, research tests were conducted, and some of the tests are excerpted as follows:

[0067] 1. Prescription composition and compatibility

[0068] The prescription of the present invention is composed of 8 kinds of medicines, including bupleurum, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, Elsholtzia, scutellaria, isatis root, and wild smilax. Among them, bupleurum can dispel fever, soothe the liver and relieve depression, and raise yang energy; mint can dispel wind-heat, clear the head and eyes, relieve sore throat and rash; gypsum can clear heat and purge fire, eliminate restlessness and quench thirst; raw ephedra can induce sweating and relieve exterior symptoms, promote lung function and relieve asthma; Elsholtzia can induce sweating and relieve exterior symptoms, eliminate dampness and harmonize the middle; scutellaria can clear heat and dampness, purge fire and detoxify; isatis root can clear heat and detoxify, cool blood and relieve sore throat; wild smilax can detoxify and remove dampness, and open up joints.

[0069] This prescription uses gypsum and bupleurum as the main ingredients, which can dispel wind-heat, clear away heat and purge fire; uses scutellaria baicalensis and ephedra as the assistant ingredients, which can induce sweating, relieve exterior symptoms, clear away heat and dry dampness; uses isatis root, smilax glabra and elsholtzia as the auxiliary ingredients, which can detoxify, relieve sore throat and eliminate dampness; uses peppermint as the messenger ingredient, which can dispel wind-heat, clear the head and eyes, relieve sore throat and eliminate rash.

[0070] 2. Preparation process

[0071] The present invention adopts a traditional water decoction extraction method, specifically: weigh 20g of bupleurum, 6g of mint, 20g of gypsum, 10g of raw ephedra, 10g of Elsholtzia, 15g of Scutellaria, 10g of Isatis root and 10g of Smilax glabra respectively, mix the medicinal materials, add water with a volume of 6 times the total mass of the medicinal materials, decoct for 2 times, each time for 0.5h, combine the decoctions, and pack them into bags to obtain the Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription.

[0072] 3. Clinical efficacy verification

[0073] In order to verify the clinical efficacy, the present invention team conducted a clinical efficacy verification experiment on the finished product prepared by the formula of Example 1 according to the preparation method of Example 15.

[0074] 3.1 Case source: 80 hospitalized children who met the diagnostic criteria for pneumonia and cough (phlegm-heat blocking the lungs) in the pediatric department of our hospital from January 2023 to August 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group according to the order of admission, with 40 cases in each group. Control group: conventional treatment, including intravenous infusion, nebulization inhalation, pediatric massage, acupoint application, and medium-frequency pulse electrotherapy. The treatment group added Buyi antipyretic prescription on the basis of the control group, with foot bath once for 20 minutes each time. Observe the changes in relevant influencing factors such as the TCM symptom / sign score, total effective rate, time for body temperature to return to normal, and course of disease in the children before and after treatment, and further evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety.

[0075] 3.2 Diagnostic criteria

[0076] Western medicine diagnostic criteria: According to the diagnostic criteria for bronchopneumonia in Zhu Futang's "Practical Pediatrics", 7th edition [1] .

[0077] (1) Symptoms: fever, cough, phlegm in the throat, expectoration, shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and difficulty breathing.

[0078] (2) Pulmonary signs: moderate or coarse moist rales or fine moist rales may be heard.

[0079] (3) Chest AP radiograph: flaky or patchy infiltration shadows or interstitial changes.

[0080] Refer to the "Standards for Diagnosis and Efficacy of Pediatric Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine" [2] The diagnostic criteria for pneumonia, wheezing and cough and phlegm-heat blocking the lungs.

[0081] (1) The onset is relatively acute, with symptoms such as fever, cough, phlegm, wheezing, nasal irritation, or mild

[0082] Cyanosis;

[0083] (2) In severe cases, patients may experience persistent high fever, shortness of breath, chest distension, and cyanosis of the lips.

[0084] (3) Lung auscultation: moderate or fine moist rales or dry rales are present in the lungs;

[0085] (4) TCM syndrome diagnosis: fever, irritability, phlegm in the throat, cough and wheezing, shortness of breath and nasal flaring, chest tightness and fullness, red tongue with yellow and greasy coating, slippery and rapid pulse, and purple and stagnant fingerprints.

[0086] 3.3 Inclusion criteria

[0087] (1) Those who meet the Western medical diagnostic criteria for pediatric bronchopneumonia.

[0088] (2) Those who meet the diagnostic criteria of pneumonia with wheezing and cough (phlegm-heat blocking the lungs) in traditional Chinese medicine.

[0089] (3) Fever symptoms, body temperature was 37.3-40.0℃ 24 hours before enrollment;

[0090] (4) Age: 6 months or older and 16 years or younger.

[0091] (5) The skin of the treatment area is intact, without ulcers, edema, trauma or allergic reactions.

[0092] (6) The legal guardian is informed and signs an informed consent form.

[0093] 3.4 Exclusion criteria

[0094] (1) Severe pneumonia in children.

[0095] (2) Patients with serious primary diseases of the heart, liver, kidney and blood systems, and mental illness.

[0096] (3) Patients with abnormal coagulation function.

[0097] (4) Treat children with damaged or infected skin.

[0098] 3.5 Clinical Case Report Form

[0099] The design of the clinical case report form (CRF) (see Appendix 3 for details) includes the inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, name, gender, age, weight, date of admission, syndrome evaluation criteria, treatment records, efficacy, adverse reactions, and informed consent. In order to facilitate statistical analysis and disease classification, the syndrome differentiation criteria of the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases in Pediatrics of Traditional Chinese Medicine (1st edition, July 2012) were used. A design table for the clinical case report form for pneumonia and wheezing (phlegm-heat blocking the lung syndrome) in children was formulated to quantify the syndrome indicators of traditional Chinese medicine. There are 5 primary indicators and 5 secondary indicators in the CRF. The 5 primary indicators are the main symptoms, including fever, cough, sputum, wheezing, and lung auscultation. Fever is divided into two levels, scored as 0 and 1 points; cough, sputum, wheezing, and lung auscultation are divided into four levels, scored as 0, 2, 4, and 6 points. The five secondary indicators are secondary symptoms, including shortness of breath, nasal congestion and runny nose, dry mouth and throat, red tongue, and yellow and greasy tongue coating. The five secondary indicators are scored as 0 or 1. After 5 days of treatment, the symptom indicators are quantified and scored for efficacy evaluation.

[0100] 3.6 Treatment methods

[0101] 3.6.1 Control group

[0102] Conventional treatment.

[0103] 3.6.2 Treatment groups

[0104] On the basis of conventional treatment, Buyi antipyretic foot bath therapy is used.

[0105] The specific operations are as follows:

[0106] When the child's body temperature exceeds 37.3℃, Chinese medicine foot bath, add 2000mL of hot water to the foot bath basin, the temperature is 38-40℃. Heat 150ml of Buyi antipyretic prescription to about 38℃, pour the liquid into a disposable foot bath bag, immerse 2cm above the ankle joint, and bathe for 20 minutes. The course of treatment is 3 days. After sweating, use a dry towel to dry your feet. If the body sweats too much, change clothes in time to avoid wind and cold, and encourage children to drink more warm water.

[0107] 3.7 Observation indicators

[0108] Sociodemographic data: The age (6 months to 16 years), gender, and admission weight of the included cases were recorded.

[0109] 3.8 Symptom Observation

[0110] (1) Observation indicators: ① Body temperature before and after treatment, antipyretic effect time, antipyretic time, and the number of antipyretic drugs used during treatment. Antipyretic effect time refers to the time required for the body temperature to drop by ≥0.5℃ after treatment; antipyretic time refers to the time from enrollment to the body temperature dropping below 37.3℃ and stabilizing for more than 24 hours; the number of antipyretic drugs used refers to the total number of acetaminophen oral suspension used after the child's body temperature was greater than 38.5℃ within one course of treatment. ② Comparison of TCM syndrome scores between the two groups before treatment and 1, 2, and 3 days after treatment. Among them, the three main symptoms and signs of fever, aversion to cold, and pharyngeal redness and swelling were scored as 0, 2, 4, and 6 points according to normal, mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. The secondary symptoms and signs such as nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose, cough, sputum, and nausea were scored as 0, 1, 2, and 3 points according to normal, mild, moderate, and severe, respectively.

[0111] (2) Determination of comprehensive efficacy of disease

[0112] Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of children with pneumonia, cough and wheezing (phlegm-heat blocking the lungs syndrome): record of cure, marked effect, effectiveness, and ineffectiveness.

[0113] ① Cured: Cough, sputum and lung signs disappear or cough occasionally occurs, body temperature returns to normal, other clinical symptoms disappear or improve significantly, and the score ratio decreases by ≥95%;

[0114] ② Significantly effective: Cough, sputum and lung signs are significantly improved, body temperature returns to normal, other clinical symptoms disappear or improve, and the score ratio decreases by ≥70% to 94%;

[0115] ③ Effective: Cough, sputum and lung signs improved, other clinical symptoms disappeared or improved and the score ratio decreased by ≥30% to 69%;

[0116] ④ Ineffective: There was no significant change or aggravation in cough, sputum and lung signs, and other clinical symptoms also did not improve or aggravated, and the score ratio decreased by 30%.

[0117] (3) Determination of TCM syndrome efficacy

[0118] The therapeutic effect was judged based on the symptom scores before and after treatment.

[0119] ① Cured: All TCM symptoms and signs disappear, and the cumulative syndrome score decreases by ≥95%;

[0120] ② Significantly effective: the cumulative score of symptoms decreased by ≥70% to 94%;

[0121] ③ Effective: The cumulative score of the syndrome decreased by ≥30% to 69%;

[0122] ④ Ineffective: The cumulative score of the syndrome decreased by <30%.

[0123] The calculation formula (nimodipine method) is: (score before treatment-score after treatment) / score before treatment×100%.

[0124] Refer to the efficacy judgment criteria in the "Guidelines for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicines".

[0125] Recovery: The body temperature returns to normal within 48 hours of treatment (the body temperature drops below 37.2°C and does not rise again), clinical symptoms and signs disappear, abnormal physical and chemical indicators return to normal, and the integral value decreases by ≥95%;

[0126] Markedly effective: body temperature returns to normal within 48 hours of treatment, and the integral values ​​of the main clinical symptoms and signs are reduced by ≥70%; Effective: body temperature returns to normal within 48-72 hours of treatment, and the integral values ​​of the main clinical symptoms and signs are reduced by ≥30%;

[0127] Invalid: For those who fail to meet the above criteria, the integral value will be reduced by <30%.

[0128] Note: The calculation formula (nimodipine method) is: ([score before treatment - score after treatment) ÷ score before treatment] × 100%. The total effective rate is the sum of clinical cure rate, marked effective rate and effective rate.

[0129] 3.9 Observation and Recording of Adverse Events / Reactions

[0130] (1) Closely observe the child during and after treatment to see if there are any local adverse reactions, such as subcutaneous bruising, skin scratches or abrasions, etc.

[0131] (2) Once an adverse event occurs, it should be reported strictly in accordance with the adverse event reporting process and relevant records should be kept, including: patient information, adverse event situation, adverse event category, adverse event level, timely handling and analysis after occurrence, adverse event evaluation, and continuous improvement measures.

[0132] 3.10 Statistical methods

[0133] (1) Database

[0134] Epidata3.1 was used to establish the database, with double entry and double verification to ensure that the data was error-free.

[0135] (2) Statistical software and methods

[0136] SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for analysis. The number of cases for count data was expressed as (n), and the mean ± standard deviation (x ± s) was used for measurement data. If the measurement data conformed to the normal distribution, the t test was used. If it did not conform to the normal distribution, the nonparametric rank sum test was used. The count data was expressed as X 2 Test, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0137] 4 Results

[0138] 4.1 Clinical case collection and completion

[0139] A total of 80 cases were included, with 40 cases in the treatment group and 40 cases in the control group. There were no dropouts or exclusions in either group, and no adverse events occurred.

[0140] 4.2 Results of demographic baseline balance analysis

[0141] Before treatment, the treatment group and the control group were compared in terms of age, gender, weight and other demographic baselines. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), indicating that the demographic baseline data of the two groups were comparable. (See Table 1) Table 1 Demographic baseline of the two groups

[0142]

[0143] Note: a =X 2 , b =t.

[0144] 4.3 Total effective rate of the treatment group compared with the control group

[0145] The results showed that both groups were effective. The number of cured cases in the treatment group (7.5%) was slightly better than that in the control group (5.0%), but the number of markedly effective cases in the treatment group reached 85%, which was significantly better than the 7.5% in the control group. In terms of the effective rate of reducing fever within 3 days, the effective rate of the treatment group was 100%, with no ineffective cases, while there were ineffective cases in the control group. The total effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). (See Table 2)

[0146] Table 2 Statistics of the effectiveness of Buyi foot bath prescription in reducing fever

[0147]

[0148] 4.4 Comparison of TCM syndromes in Buyi foot bath prescription

[0149] The results showed that the total effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The Buyi Foot Bath Relief Recipe had no obvious advantage in improving cough symptoms, but was effective in sputum, wheezing, lung rales, tongue coating, dry mouth and throat, and tongue quality. (See Table 3)

[0150] Table 3 Comparison of TCM syndromes in Buyi Foot Bath Recipe

[0151]

[0152] 4.5 Comparison of total score of TCM syndromes before and after treatment

[0153] Results: The total score of TCM symptoms before and after treatment was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.005). (See Table 4)

[0154] Table 4 Comparison of total score of TCM syndrome before and after treatment

[0155]

[0156] 4.6 Comparison of time for body temperature to return to normal

[0157] As a result, the normal body temperature time of the children in the treatment group was longer than that in the control group. (See Table 5)

[0158] Table 5 Comparison of the time for the body temperature to return to normal between the two groups of children

[0159]

[0160] Note: Z = -7.596, P < 0.05

[0161] 4.7 Comparison of hospital stays of children (days)

[0162] As a result, the hospital stay of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group, P<0.05. See Table 6.

[0163] Table 6 Comparison of disease duration between the two groups

[0164]

[0165] 5. Summary

[0166] (1) In terms of the total effective rate of treatment, after the Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription of the present invention was used to treat children, the effective rate of the treatment group was 100% within 3 days, among which the number of cases with marked effect was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05).

[0167] (2) Compared with TCM syndromes, the product of the present invention (Buyi Foot Bath Antipyretic Recipe) had no obvious advantage in improving cough symptoms, but had obvious effects on expectoration, wheezing, lung rales, tongue coating, dry mouth and throat, and tongue quality. The total effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05).

[0168] (3) The total score of TCM symptoms before and after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05). △ P<0.05, comparison between the treatment groups before and after (p<0.05, the total score of TCM syndrome decreased after treatment).

[0169] (4) The time it took for the body temperature to return to normal after treatment was shorter in the treatment group than in the control group, which was superior to the control group.

[0170] (5) Comparing the length of hospital stay of the treated children, the treatment group had a shorter length of hospital stay than the control group.

[0171] Typical cases:

[0172] Case 1

[0173] The patient, Yang XX, female, 1 year and 11 months old, was admitted to the hospital at 11:59 on November 26, 2023 due to "coughing for 10 days, worsening for 2 days, and fever for half a day".

[0174] 1. Case characteristics: 1. Current medical history: 10 days ago, the child had cough without obvious cause, paroxysmal string cough, 3-4 times / time, sputum and difficult cough, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no fever, chills, convulsions, rash and impaired consciousness, no wheezing, shortness of breath and dyspnea, no barking cough and crowing sound, no vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension and other symptoms. After 6 days of oral treatment with "Chinese medicine granules" at our outpatient clinic, the cough was relieved compared with before. 2 days ago, the child had a worsening cough without obvious cause, paroxysmal string cough, 4-5 times / time, sputum and difficult cough, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no fever, chills, convulsions, rash and impaired consciousness, no wheezing, shortness of breath and dyspnea, no barking cough and crowing sound, no vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension and other symptoms. After 2 days of oral treatment with "Chinese medicine granules" at our outpatient clinic again, the cough was not significantly relieved. Half a day ago, the child developed fever under the above conditions, with the highest body temperature reaching 38.3℃. He had no nasal congestion, runny nose, chills, convulsions, rash, or impaired consciousness, no wheezing, shortness of breath, or breathing difficulties, no barking-like cough or chicken-like tail sound, no vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension, etc. The parents did not give any special treatment. Today, in order to seek further systematic diagnosis and treatment of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine, he came to our outpatient clinic and was admitted to the hospital with "Mycoplasma pneumonia".

[0175] 2. Symptoms on admission: cough, paroxysmal series of coughs, 4-5 times / time, sputum is difficult to cough up, no fever, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no chills, convulsions, rash, or impaired consciousness, no wheezing, shortness of breath, or dyspnea, no barking cough or cock-crow-like tail, no vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal distension, poor spirits and sleep, and normal bowel movements. No significant weight gain or loss recently.

[0176] 3. Past medical history and allergy history: Previously healthy. Denied history of infectious diseases such as "typhoid, tuberculosis, hepatitis", denied history of "trauma, poisoning, blood transfusion", denied history of drug and food allergies. Born and raised in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, the child is G1P1, and was delivered at full term on November 29, 2021 at the "AVIC Guihang 303 Hospital". The process went smoothly, birth weight 3000g, denied history of asphyxia and hypoxia, breastfed after birth, vaccinated as planned, growth and development history consistent with children of the same age, denied history of contact with radioactive substances and poisons. Denied family hereditary history.

[0177] 4. Summary of the four examinations: Cough for 10 days, aggravated for 2 days, accompanied by fever for half a day. Cough, paroxysmal series of coughs, 4-5 times / time, sputum and difficult coughing, no fever when admitted to the hospital, poor spirits and sleep since the onset of illness, normal bowel movements. Red tongue, yellow and greasy coating, purple fingerprints are seen in the wind gate.

[0178] 5. Physical examination: T 37.6℃, P 122 times / min, R 26 times / min, SPO2: 98% (without oxygen inhalation), height 86cm, weight 10kg. Normal development, moderate nutrition, moderate body shape, brought into the ward, clear-headed, responsive, poor spirit, no yellowing, rash, hemorrhage or edema of the skin, mucous membranes and sclera, no palpable swelling of superficial lymph nodes, no deformity of the head and facial features, both pupils are equal in size and round, sensitive to light, pharyngeal congestion, no obvious swelling of bilateral tonsils, no pus spots or herpes, soft neck, trachea in the middle, small thyroid gland, no jugular vein distention, hepatic jugular vein return Flow sign (-), symmetrical chest without deformity, three-depression sign (-), coarse breath sounds in both lungs, moderate to fine moist rales, no dry rales, small heart border, heart rate 122 beats / min, regular heart rhythm, strong heart sounds, no murmurs in the auscultation area of ​​each valve, soft abdomen, no intestinal pattern and peristaltic wave, no enlargement of the liver and spleen, bowel sounds 3-4 times / min, no deformity of the spine and limbs, no edema of the lower limbs, no clubbing of the fingers (toes) of the limbs. No deformity of the front and back anus. Neurological examination: normal muscle strength and muscle tension of the limbs, normal physiological reflexes, no pathological signs.

[0179] 6. Auxiliary examination: Chest CT (outpatient clinic of our hospital on November 26, 2023): Consider bilateral bronchitis and left lower lobe bronchopneumonia. Please combine clinical and reexamination after treatment. Routine blood test (outpatient clinic of our hospital on November 26, 2023): White blood cell count 7.17x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 4.9x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 129g / L, platelet count 238x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 36.4%, lymphocyte percentage 51.5%, monocyte percentage 11.7%. Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody (outpatient clinic of our hospital on November 26, 2023): weak positive. Random blood sugar on admission: 4.9mmol / L. CRP <5.0mg / L, hsCRP3.2mg / L, PCT0.028ng / mL.

[0180] Mutual recognition of inspections: No

[0181] TCM diagnosis: pneumonia, wheezing and coughing, phlegm-heat blocking the lungs

[0182] Western medicine diagnosis: Mycoplasma pneumonia

[0183] Treatment plan 1. According to routine pediatric care, level I care, reporting of serious illness, automatic position, light diet, and one family member accompanying the child, the child meets the clinical pathway management standards of "pneumonia and asthma" in traditional Chinese medicine, so it is included in the clinical pathway management. 2. Actively improve relevant examinations: calcitonin, computer blood sugar monitoring, C-reactive protein, sputum culture, liver function, electrolytes, renal function II, myocardial enzyme spectrum, anti-streptolysin O, pneumonia Mycoplasma titer, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody, urine routine, stool routine, finger pulse oxygen monitoring, D-dimer and other examinations. 3. Traditional Chinese Medicine: Yanhu Ningjing Drops are given to clear away heat and detoxify, acupoint plaster treatment (cough and asthma medicine: bilateral lung shu, Tiantu, Tanzhong; Evodia medicine: bilateral Yongquan) combined with medium-frequency pulsed electric treatment (chest, back) to drain the lungs, open and close, relieve cough and resolve phlegm, and conduct heat downward; massage treatment for internal medicine diseases (clear the lung meridian 200 times, rub the small horizontal lines of the palm 30 times, push Tanzhong 200 times, rub Fenglong 100 times, rub the navel for 3 minutes, rub the lung shu 100 times) to drain the lungs, open and close, relieve cough and resolve phlegm; combined with pediatric spinal massage treatment to regulate the internal organs; Buyi foot bath to reduce fever recipe for foot bath to reduce fever; Chinese medicine for internal use is given in our hospital's national famous old Chinese medicine expert Professor Huang Jianye's experience prescription Qingqi Huatan Decoction with modifications to clear heat and resolve phlegm, and drain the lungs.

[0184] Western medicine diagnosis and treatment plan: The child had a long cough, fine moist rales were audible in both lungs, and chest CT showed severe lung infection, so he was given intravenous drip of piperacillin sodium tazobactam sodium (112.5mg / kg q8h) for infection prevention; intravenous drip of ambroxol hydrochloride injection for cough and expectoration; fluid support therapy; inhalation of budesonide nebulization to reduce airway inflammation, and vibration expectoration to promote sputum discharge. I will adjust the diagnosis and treatment plan if necessary after the relevant examination results are reported.

[0185] Case 2

[0186] Patient Yang XX, female, 6 years old. Admitted to hospital at 16:39 on January 17, 2024 due to coughing for 20+ days. Discharged on January 24, 2024, hospitalized for 7 days.

[0187] Admission: Symptoms: Cough, paroxysmal string cough, 4-5 times / time, difficult to cough with sputum, worse at night. The patient has poor spirit and sleep since the onset of illness, and normal bowel movements. There has been no significant weight gain or loss recently. Physical examination: clear mind, good response, poor spirit, slightly congested pharynx, bilateral tonsils Ⅲ° enlarged, a small amount of white attachments can be seen, no herpes, coarse breath sounds in both lungs, moderate and fine moist rales can be heard, no dry rales can be heard, and there is nothing special about the heart and abdomen. Auxiliary examination: Chest CT (outpatient clinic of our hospital on 2024-01-11): Consider right lower lobe bronchopneumonia, local consolidation, anti-inflammatory treatment is recommended. Admission diagnosis: TCM diagnosis: pneumonia, asthma and cough, phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome. Western medicine diagnosis: 1. Bronchopneumonia 2. Right lung consolidation. Treatment process: After admission, according to pediatric routine care, level I care, reporting serious illness, automatic position, light diet, family care, the child meets the TCM "pneumonia, asthma and cough" clinical pathway management standards, so it is included in the clinical pathway management. Actively improve relevant examinations: Three routine: blood routine (2024-01-17): white blood cell count 7.45x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 6.29x10^12 / L, platelet count 512x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 44.6%, lymphocyte percentage 47.1%, monocyte percentage 5.1%. Routine blood test (2024-01-20): white blood cell count 17.16x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 7.0x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 128g / L, platelet count 391x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 81.4%, lymphocyte percentage 11.3%, monocyte percentage 7.0%. Blood routine test (2024-01-23): white blood cell count 3.37x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 5.69x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 103g / L, platelet count 305x10^9 / L, absolute value of neutrophils 0.86x10^9 / L, absolute value of lymphocytes 2.06x10^9 / L, absolute value of monocytes 0.34x10^9 / L, absolute value of eosinophils 0.08x10^9 / L, absolute value of basophils 0.03x10^9 / L. Urinalysis (2024-01-17): pH 8.0. Stool routine (2024-01-20): no obvious abnormalities. Infection indicators: CRP <5.0mg / L, hs-CRP 0.40mg / L, PCT 0.024ng / mL. Etiology: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody IgM / IgG test (2024-01-18): Respiratory syncytial virus antibody IgM weakly positive (±), respiratory syncytial virus antibody IgG negative (-). Pneumonia (mycoplasma + Chlamydia) antibody test (2024-01-17): Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM antibody: negative, Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG antibody: weakly positive, Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody: negative, Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgG antibody: negative, Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (titer): 1:40.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody IgM / IgG test (2024-01-18): RSV antibody IgM weakly positive (±), RSV antibody IgG negative (-). Sputum culture (2024-01-19): Normal flora. Influenza A / B virus antigen test (2024-01-20): Negative (-). Blood biochemistry (2024-01-17): AST 22U / L, ALT 13U / L, CK 114U / L, CK isoenzyme 31U / L, K 4.52mmol / L, Sodium 142mmol / L, Chloride 103.1mmol / L. Others: Random blood sugar on admission: 4.5mmol / L. Treatment: Traditional Chinese medicine: Yanhu Ningjing drops are given to clear away heat and detoxify; Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules are taken orally to dispel wind and relieve the exterior symptoms, clear away heat and remove stagnation; Buyi Foot Bath Recipe is used to reduce fever; Acupoint application therapy combined with medium-frequency pulsed electric therapy to drain the lungs, relieve cough and reduce phlegm, and conduct heat downward; Tuina therapy for internal diseases to drain the lungs, relieve cough and reduce phlegm; Combined with children's spinal massage therapy to regulate the internal organs; Traditional Chinese medicine Qingqi Huatan Decoction is added and subtracted to clear heat and remove phlegm, drain the lungs and open and close. Western medicine: Piperacillin sodium tazobactam sodium for injection is given intravenously to resist infection; Ambroxol hydrochloride injection is given intravenously to relieve cough and reduce phlegm; Budesonide nebulization is used for inhalation to reduce airway inflammation, and acetylcysteine ​​solution is used for inhalation to dilute sputum; Cyproheptadine hydrochloride tablets are taken orally to prevent histamine and relieve cough; Acetaminophen oral suspension is used to temporarily reduce fever; Vibration expectoration promotes sputum discharge. Discharge status: The child occasionally had a single cough, no fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, no wheezing, shortness of breath, or dyspnea, no vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal distension. The child's spirit and sleep were good, and his bowel movements were normal. Physical examination: The child was clear-headed, in good spirits, with a slightly red pharynx, no enlargement of the bilateral tonsils, no herpes or pus spots, slightly coarse breath sounds in both lungs, no dry or wet rales, and heart and abdomen (-).

[0188] 2024-01-20 16:29 Duty record: The child had a fever during the shift, T39.3℃. The child had a feverish face, red throat, II° tonsil enlargement, no pus spots or herpes, coarse breath sounds in both lungs, a small amount of medium-coarse moist rales, no dry rales, and heart and abdomen (-). Temporary fluid infusion and symptomatic supportive treatment were given to maintain a stable internal environment. Buyi foot bath prescription was used to reduce fever. After 2 hours, the child's temperature dropped to 38.6℃, and the child's temperature changes were observed. Doctor's signature: Ni Qing Hand signature: Resident doctor's signature: Hand signature: 2024-01-21 12:52 Du Li's attending physician's ward round record Today, I followed Du Li's attending physician to make ward rounds. The child's temperature fluctuated between 36.8-39℃ yesterday. Today's cough is better than before, with paroxysmal coughs, 3-4 times / time, less sputum and easy coughing, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no fever, chills, convulsions, rash and impaired consciousness, no wheezing, shortness of breath and dyspnea, no barking cough and chicken-like tail, no vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension and other symptoms. Mental appetite and sleep are good, and bowel movements are normal. Physical examination: clear mind, good reaction, good spirit, slightly congested pharynx, bilateral tonsils Ⅱ° enlarged, no herpes and pus spots, coarse breath sounds in both lungs, a small amount of medium-coarse moist rales can be heard, no dry rales, heart and abdomen (-). Auxiliary examination: Influenza A / B virus antigen test (2024-01-20): negative (-). Routine blood test (2024-01-20): White blood cell count 17.16x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 7.0x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 128g / L, platelet count 391x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 81.4%, lymphocyte percentage 11.3%, monocyte percentage 7.0%. After the ward round, Dr. Du Li, the attending physician, said: The child's blood routine showed an elevated blood count, and bacterial infection was considered. Continue to give intravenous anti-infection treatment with piperacillin sodium tazobactam sodium injection for 2 days and then recheck the blood routine. The child has now subsided and the cough has improved significantly compared to before, so the cyproheptadine hydrochloride tablets and Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre granules were stopped; the rest of the treatment was the same as before, and continued to observe.

[0189] Case 3

[0190] Patient Feng XX, male, 3 years and 5 months old. At 08:23 on December 8, 2023, he was admitted to the hospital for coughing for 5 days and intermittent fever for 2 days. Discharged on December 12, 2023, hospitalized for 4 days. Admission: Symptoms: cough, paroxysmal string cough, 5-6 sounds / time, sputum is difficult to cough, fever at admission, body temperature 38.5℃, accompanied by nasal congestion, no chills, convulsions and impaired consciousness, no runny nose, no wheezing, shortness of breath and dyspnea, no barking cough and chicken-like tail, no vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, diarrhea and other symptoms. The spirit and sleep are poor when the disease comes, and the two bowel movements are regular. There has been no significant increase or decrease in weight recently. Physical examination: poor spirit, unsplendid complexion, pharyngeal congestion, no obvious enlargement of bilateral tonsils, no herpes and lymph follicles. The breath sounds of both lungs are coarse, and moderate and fine moist rales can be heard, no dry rales, heart and abdomen (-). Auxiliary examination: Chest CT (outpatient department of our hospital): Considering infection of the left lower lobe of the lung, it is recommended to re-examine after treatment. Random blood sugar on admission: 4.7mmol / L. hs-CRP>5.0mg / L, CRP 105.1mg / L. PCT 0.047ng / mL. Influenza A virus antigen is positive, and influenza B virus antigen is negative. D-dimer (2023-12-08): 0.17ug / MLFE. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement 11mm / h. Influenza A / B virus antigen detection (2023-12-08): Influenza A virus antigen is positive (+). Interleukin 6+ferritin (2023-12-08): Ferritin 101.7ng / mL, interleukin 6 30.97pg / mL. Blood biochemistry (2023-12-08): AST 41U / L, ALT 16U / L, Cholinesterase 13071U / L, Lactate dehydrogenase 266U / L, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 226U / L, Creatine kinase 56U / L, Creatine kinase isoenzyme 21U / L, Antistreptolysin O 2IU / mL. Admission diagnosis: TCM diagnosis: Pneumonia, wheezing and coughing, phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome. Western medicine diagnosis: Bronchopneumonia. Treatment process: Admission was based on routine pediatric care, level I care, reporting of serious illness, automatic position, light diet, family care, and one person was included in the TCM "Pneumonia, wheezing and coughing" clinical pathway management. Complete relevant auxiliary examinations: blood routine: white blood cell count 9.86x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 5.05x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 129g / L, hematocrit 0.395L / L, platelet count 296x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 83.6%, neutrophil absolute value 8.24x10^9 / L. Blood biochemistry: aspartate aminotransferase 41U / L, alanine aminotransferase 16U / L, cholinesterase 13071U / L, lactate dehydrogenase 266U / L, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 226U / L, creatine kinase 56U / L, creatine kinase isoenzyme 21U / L, antistreptolysin O 2IU / mL. Urinalysis (2023-12-08): pH 5.0, vitamin C 3+. Stool routine examination: no obvious abnormality was found.Infection indicators: hs-CRP>5.0mg / L, CRP 105.1mg / L. PCT 0.047ng / mL. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement 11mm / h. Interleukin 6+ferritin (2023-12-08): ferritin 101.7ng / mL, interleukin 6 30.97pg / mL. Influenza A / B virus antigen test: Influenza A virus antigen positive (+), influenza B virus test negative (-). Sputum culture: Klebsiella pneumoniae growth is seen, sensitive to drugs such as amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, amikacin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone / sulbactam. Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody test: Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody: weakly positive; titer: 1:40. Others: Random blood sugar on admission: 4.7mmol / L. D-dimer (2023-12-08): 0.17ug / MLFE. Examination: Chest CT (outpatient department of our hospital): Considering infection of the left lower lobe of the lung, it is recommended to re-examine after treatment. Treatment: In terms of traditional Chinese medicine: Yanhu Ningjing drip is given to clear away heat and detoxify; acupoint application therapy combined with medium-frequency pulsed electric therapy to drain the lungs, relieve cough and reduce phlegm, and conduct heat downward; massage therapy for internal diseases to drain the lungs, relieve cough and reduce phlegm; medicine cups to expel evil; combined with children's spinal massage therapy to regulate the internal organs; Buyi foot bath to reduce fever; Chinese medicine oral administration of Qingqi Huatan Decoction with additions and subtractions, the method is to clear heat and remove phlegm, drain the lungs and open and close; Western medicine: intravenous drip of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium for injection to resist infection; intravenous drip of ambroxol hydrochloride to relieve cough and reduce phlegm; inhalation of acetylcysteine ​​solution atomization inhalation to dilute sputum; inhalation of budesonide suspension atomization inhalation to reduce airway inflammation; oral oseltamivir granules for antiviral; vibration expectoration to promote sputum discharge and symptomatic supportive treatment. Discharge: The child occasionally had a single cough, no fever, chills, convulsions, or disturbance of consciousness, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no wheezing, shortness of breath, or dyspnea, no barking cough or crowing sound, no vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, or diarrhea. The child was in good spirits, had a normal appetite, and had normal bowel movements. Physical examination: The child was in good spirits, had no congestion in the pharynx, had no obvious enlargement of the bilateral tonsils, and had no herpes or lymphoid follicles. The breath sounds in both lungs were coarse, and no obvious dry or wet rales were heard. The heart and abdomen were (-).

[0191] Case 4

[0192] Patient Bao XX, male, 4 years and 8 months old. He was admitted to the hospital at 13:51 on December 3, 2023 due to cough and fever for 5 days. He was discharged on December 9, 2023, and was hospitalized for 6 days.

[0193] Admission symptoms: cough, paroxysmal string cough, 3-4 times / time, sputum is difficult to cough up, accompanied by shortness of breath, nasal congestion, clear runny nose, no wheezing, fever at admission, body temperature of 38.6℃, no chills, convulsions and impaired consciousness, no dyspnea, no barking cough and chicken-like tail, no vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, diarrhea, etc., poor spirit and sleep, and regular bowel movements. There has been no significant increase or decrease in weight recently. Physical examination: clear mind, poor spirit, dull complexion, pharyngeal congestion, bilateral tonsils I° enlargement, no herpes and pus spots, coarse breath sounds in both lungs, moderate and fine moist rales and a small amount of dry rales can be heard, heart and abdomen (-). Auxiliary examination: Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (outpatient clinic of our hospital on December 3, 2023): IgM antibody: weakly positive. Influenza A / B virus antigen test (outpatient clinic of our hospital on 2023-12-03): Influenza A virus antigen negative (-), influenza B virus antigen negative (-). Chest CT (outpatient clinic of our hospital on 2023-12-03): bilateral bronchopneumonia. Random blood glucose on admission: 5.2mmol / L; CRP: 5.5mg / L, hs-CRP: >5.0mg / L. PCT: 0.119ng / mL. Admission diagnosis: Traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis: pneumonia, asthma and cough, phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome Western medicine diagnosis: bronchopneumonia Diagnosis and treatment process: According to routine pediatric care, level I care, reporting serious illness, automatic position, light diet, and 1 family member accompanying, the child meets the clinical pathway management standards of traditional Chinese medicine "pneumonia, asthma and cough", so it is included in the clinical pathway management. Actively improve related examinations: Three routine tests: Blood routine test (2023-12-03): White blood cell count 10.72x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 4.96x10 12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 126g / L, platelet count 282x10 9 / L, neutrophil percentage 60.6%, lymphocyte percentage 31.3%, monocyte percentage 8.0%. Urinalysis (2023-12-03): No obvious abnormality. Inflammation index: D-dimer (2023-12-03): D-dimer 0.19ug / MLFE. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement (2023-12-03): Erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement 33mm / h. Blood biochemistry: Blood biochemistry + anti-O (2023-12-03): AST 31U / L, ALT 17U / L, total protein 64.5g / L, Lactate dehydrogenase 276U / L, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 209U / L, creatine kinase 59U / L, creatine kinase isoenzyme 47U / L, creatinine 27.9μmol / L, potassium 3.9mmol / L, sodium 140mmol / L, anti-streptolysin O 3IU / mL. Pathological examination: Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (2023-12-03): titer <1:40. Respiratory syncytial virus (2023-12-04): antibody IgM: negative, Epstein-Barr virus antibody (2023-12-04) IgM: negative. Sputum culture (2023-12-05): Haemophilus influenzae, sensitive to aztreonam, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, ofloxacin, rifampicin, ampicillin / sulbactam, and tetracycline. Treatment: Traditional Chinese medicine: Yanhu Ningjing drops are given to clear away heat and detoxify, acupoint application combined with medium-frequency pulsed electric therapy to drain the lungs, relieve cough and resolve phlegm; Buyi foot bath antipyretic prescription foot bath to guide heat downward, massage for internal diseases to drain the lungs, relieve cough and resolve phlegm; children's spinal massage treatment regulates the internal organs; Chinese medicine is taken orally with Qingqi Huatan Decoction to clear heat and resolve phlegm, drain the lungs and open and close. Western medicine: Azithromycin for injection (2023.12.03-2023.12.

[0194] 05) Combined with piperacillin-tazobactam (2023.12.03-2023.12.07) for anti-infection treatment; intravenous drip of ambroxol hydrochloride to relieve cough and expectoration; fluid replacement support therapy; inhalation of acetylcysteine ​​solution nebulization to dilute sputum; inhalation of budesonide suspension nebulization to reduce airway inflammation; oral antihistamine and cough suppressant of cyproheptadine hydrochloride tablets; oral solution of procaterol hydrochloride to relax the bronchi; vibration expectoration to promote sputum discharge; right ear epitympanic cavity lavage under rigid otoscope (dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection 5mg); nasal irrigation to relieve nasal symptoms. Discharge status: The child occasionally had a single cough, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no fever, chills, no wheezing, shortness of breath and dyspnea, no vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, etc., and his spirit and sleep were good. Physical examination: clear mind, good spirit, no congestion in pharynx, no enlargement of both tonsils, no herpes or pus spots, coarse breath sounds in both lungs, no dry or wet rales, heart and abdomen (-).

[0195] Case 5

[0196] Patient Chen XX, male, 3 years and 11 months old. He was admitted to the hospital at 10:43 on December 10, 2023 due to cough and fever for 2+ days. He was discharged from the hospital on December 15, 2023, and was hospitalized for 5 days. Admission: Symptoms: cough, paroxysmal string cough, 4-5 times / time, sputum is difficult to cough up, accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, no fever, no chills, no convulsions, rash and impaired consciousness, no barking cough and chicken-like tail, no wheezing, shortness of breath, dyspnea, no vomiting, diarrhea and other discomforts, the spirit and sleep are slightly worse when the disease comes, and the two bowel movements are normal. There has been no significant increase or decrease in weight recently. Physical examination: T 36.2℃, P 97 times / min, R 25 times / min, BP 128 / 86mmHg, wt 17kg, percutaneous oxygen saturation 99% (without oxygen inhalation), pharyngeal swelling and congestion, tonsil II° enlargement, symmetrical chest without deformity, three-recess sign (-), coarse breath sounds in both lungs, a small amount of medium and fine moist rales can be heard, and no dry rales can be heard. Auxiliary examination: random blood sugar: 4.6mmol / L, PCT: 0.075ng / ml. Blood routine + high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (2023-12-09 Qianxi People's Hospital): white blood cell count 5.92x10 9 / L, red blood cell count 5.25x10 12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 151g / L, platelet count 223x10^9 / L, neutrophil ratio 71.9%, lymphocyte ratio 20.3%, monocyte ratio 7.6%, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: 41.35mg / L. Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA test (Qianxi People's Hospital, 2023-12-09): negative. Chest X-ray (Qianxi People's Hospital, 2023-12-09): Bilateral lung texture disorder and blur, please combine clinical. Admission diagnosis: Traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis: pneumonia, asthma and cough, phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome Western medicine diagnosis: bronchial pneumonia Diagnosis and treatment process: According to routine pediatric care, level I care, reporting serious illness, automatic position, light diet, and 1 family member accompanying, the child meets the clinical pathway management standards of traditional Chinese medicine "pneumonia, asthma and cough", so it is included in the clinical pathway management. Actively improve related examinations: Three major routine tests: blood routine test (2023-12-14): white blood cell count 5.02x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 4.98x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 136g / L, platelet count 302x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 43.8%, lymphocyte percentage 45.2%, monocyte percentage 8.8%, neutrophil absolute value 2.2x10^9 / L, lymphocyte absolute value 2.27x10^9 / L, monocyte absolute value 0.44x10^9 / L. Urine routine ketone body 1+mmol / L, vitamin C+-. Stool routine test showed no obvious abnormality. Blood biochemistry: Blood biochemistry (2023-12-10): AST 40U / L, ALT 21U / L, total protein 74.0g / L, albumin 48.5g / L, lactate dehydrogenase 451U / L, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 388U / L, creatine kinase 122U / L, creatine kinase isoenzyme 75U / L, urea 7.21mmol / L, creatinine 30.5μmol / L, uric acid 368μmol / L, estimated glomerular filtration rate 205.18ml / min, potassium 5.33mmol / L, sodium 138mmol / L, serum bicarbonate 14.4mmol / L, antistreptolysin O 10IU / mL. Infection index: hs-CRP>5.0mg / L, CRP 24.4mg / L. PCT: 0.075ng / ml. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (2023-12-14): 29mm / h. Etiology: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody IgM / IgG: Respiratory syncytial virus antibody IgG weakly positive. Influenza A / B virus antigen test negative. Mycoplasma pneumoniae + Chlamydia antibody test: Chlamydia pneumoniae IgM antibody weakly positive, Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody negative, Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (titer) <1:40. Others: Random blood sugar: 4.6mmol / L, D-dimer return showed no obvious abnormality.Treatment: Traditional Chinese medicine: external application of Kaihoujian spray can relieve throat swelling and pain; Buyi foot bath antipyretic formula can be used to soak feet to dispel wind and clear lungs; acupoint application combined with medium-frequency pulsed electric therapy can open and close the lungs, relieve cough and resolve phlegm, and guide fire downward; massage treatment for internal diseases can nourish the lungs and replenish qi, relieve cough and resolve phlegm; children's spinal massage can regulate children's constitution; Chinese medicine can be taken orally according to the experience of Professor Huang Jianye, a national-level famous old Chinese medicine expert in our hospital, Qingqi Huatan Decoction with additions and subtractions, which can clear heat and remove phlegm, and open and close the lungs. Western medicine: piperacillin-tazobactam is given intravenously for infection; ambroxol hydrochloride is given intravenously for expectoration and cough relief; budesonide suspension is used for inhalation to reduce airway inflammation; acetylcysteine ​​solution is used for inhalation to dilute sputum; salbutamol sulfate nebulization inhalation can relax bronchial smooth muscle; procaterol hydrochloride oral solution is taken orally to dilate the bronchi; nasal irrigation is used to clean the nasal cavity; ultraviolet therapy (throat) is used for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Discharge status: The child occasionally had a single cough, no fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, no sore throat, no wheezing, shortness of breath, dyspnea, no vomiting, diarrhea, etc. Physical examination: clear mind, good spirit, no congestion in the pharynx, no enlarged tonsils, three-recess sign (-), coarse breath sounds in both lungs, no dry or wet rales, heart and abdomen (-).

[0197] Case 6

[0198] Patient Fu XX, female, 5 years old. At 12:00 on November 30, 2023, she was admitted to the hospital for coughing for 1 week, aggravated with fever for half a day. She was discharged from the hospital on December 7, 2023, and was hospitalized for 7 days. Symptoms of admission: cough, paroxysmal string cough, 4-5 sounds / time, sputum and difficult cough, fever at admission, body temperature 38.9℃, no chills, convulsions and impaired consciousness, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no wheezing, shortness of breath and dyspnea, no barking cough and chicken-like tail, no vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, etc. The spirit and sleep are slightly worse when the disease comes, and the two bowel movements are regular. There has been no significant increase or decrease in weight recently. Physical examination: clear consciousness, slightly worse spirit, good reaction, pharyngeal congestion, no enlargement of bilateral tonsils, no herpes and pus spots, three concave signs (-), coarse breath sounds in both lungs, moderate and fine wet rales can be heard, no dry rales can be heard, and there is nothing special about the heart and abdomen. Auxiliary examination: blood routine (outpatient clinic of our hospital on November 26, 2023): white blood cell count 12.5x10^9 / L, red blood cell count 5.05x10^12 / L, hemoglobin concentration 140g / L, platelet count 343x10^9 / L, neutrophil percentage 54.1%, lymphocyte percentage 36.7%, monocyte percentage 4.4%. Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody: positive, Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (titer): 1:640. Influenza A / B virus antigen (outpatient clinic of our hospital on November 29, 2023): Influenza A virus antigen positive (+), influenza B virus antigen negative (-). Chest CT (outpatient clinic of our hospital on November 30, 2023): Consider bilateral bronchitis, please combine clinical diagnosis. Random blood glucose on admission: 4.6mmol / L. PCT 0.034ng / mL. hs-CRP>5.0mg / L, CRP 5.1mg / L. Admission diagnosis: TCM diagnosis: pneumonia, asthma and cough, phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome. Western medicine diagnosis: 1. Mycoplasma pneumonia 2. Influenza. Treatment process: After admission, according to pediatric routine care, level I care, serious illness, automatic position, light diet, contact isolation, family care, 1 person, the child meets the TCM "pneumonia, asthma and cough" clinical pathway management standards, so it is included in the clinical pathway management. Actively improve relevant examinations: D-dimer (2023-11-30): D-dimer 1.89ug / MLFE. Blood biochemistry (2023-11-30): lactate dehydrogenase 291U / L, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 235U / L, creatinine 45.0μmol / L, estimated glomerular filtration rate 154.41ml / min, iron 4.7μmol / L, serum bicarbonate 16.3mmol / L. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (2023-11-30): erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement: erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurement 42mm / h. Respiratory syncytial virus antibody test (2023-11-30): negative. Sputum culture (2023-12-4): normal flora.Treatment: Traditional Chinese Medicine: Yanhu Tranquil Drops are given to clear away heat and detoxify, acupoint application combined with medium frequency pulse electric therapy to clear the lungs and relieve cough and resolve phlegm; Buyi foot bath to reduce fever foot bath to guide heat downward; massage treatment for internal diseases to clear the lungs and relieve cough and resolve phlegm; children's spinal massage treatment to regulate the internal organs; Qingqi Huatan Decoction is taken internally with modifications to clear heat and eliminate phlegm, clear the lungs and open them; cupping treatment to expel evil spirits. Western medicine: Azithromycin (2023.11.30-2023.12.04), Ceftriaxone Sodium for Injection (2023.12.04-2023.12.06) intravenous infusion combined with Clarithromycin Tablets (2023.12.04-2023.12.06) for oral anti-infection; Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules (2023.11.30-2023.12.05) for oral antiviral; Ambroxol Hydrochloride Injection Intravenous Infusion for Antitussive and Phlegm Relief; Fluid Replenishment Support Therapy; Inhalation of Budesonide Suspension Nebulization to Reduce Airway Inflammation; Inhalation of Acetylcysteine ​​Solution Nebulization to Dilute Sputum; Vibration Expectorant to Promote Sputum Excretion. Discharge: The child occasionally had a single cough, no nasal congestion, runny nose, no fever, chills, no wheezing, shortness of breath, and dyspnea, no vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, etc., and his spirit and sleep were good. Physical examination: clear mind, good spirit, no congestion in pharynx, no swelling of both tonsils, no herpes and pus spots, coarse breath sounds in both lungs, no dry or wet rales. Heart and abdomen (-).

[0199] In conclusion, through years of clinical experience accumulation, we have summarized the antipyretic foot bath prescription for children with pneumonia, asthma, cough, phlegm, heat and lung-blocking syndrome, observed the antipyretic effect and clinical efficacy of the self-prescribed antipyretic foot bath prescription in the auxiliary treatment of children with pneumonia, asthma, cough, phlegm, heat and lung-blocking syndrome, and summarized the optimal case standard for Buyi antipyretic foot bath in the auxiliary treatment of pneumonia, asthma, cough and fever, in order to improve the clinical efficacy and better guide clinical treatment. The clinical efficacy of Buyi antipyretic prescription in the treatment of children with pneumonia, asthma and cough was observed through clinical comparison. The research results showed that Buyi antipyretic prescription can increase the total effective rate of clinical treatment of children with pneumonia, asthma and cough, reduce the total score of TCM symptoms, effectively improve children's cough, lung signs, yellow and greasy tongue coating, slippery and rapid pulse, dry mouth and throat, and effectively reduce the duration of children's disease and shorten the time for children's body temperature to return to normal, without adverse events.

[0200] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by means of general description, specific implementation methods and experiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0201] References:

[0202] [1] Hu Yamei, Jiang Zaifang. Zhu Futang's Practical Pediatrics (87th Edition)[M]. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2014.1258

[0203] [2] ZY / T 001.4-94, Diagnosis and efficacy criteria for pediatric diseases in traditional Chinese medicine[S].

[0204] [3] Wei Yuqing. Study on the correlation between TCM syndrome types of pneumonia, asthma and cough and lung function[D]. Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2021.

[0205] [4] Liu Jingjing. Clinical observation on the efficacy of Xiaoer Pneumonia Qingke Decoction in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia (phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome) in children[D]. Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 2024.

[0206] [5] Kang Yudou, Feng Yupei, Meng Luliang. A brief study on the earliest textual evidence of the term “pneumonia, wheezing and cough”[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Pediatrics, 2012, 8(04): 62-63.

[0207] [6] Yu Xinyan. Clinical observation on the treatment of pneumonia and cough (phlegm-heat blocking the lungs) in children with Ma Gan Long Ting Tang combined with conventional Western medicine[D]. Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 2024.

[0208] [7] Jiang Jing. Study on the distribution and characteristics of TCM syndromes of pneumonia and cough in 1140 children[D]. Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023.

[0209] [8] deBenedictis FM, Kerem E, Chang AB, et al. Complicated pneumonia in children. Lancet. 2020; 396 (10253): 786-798.

[0210] [9]Hu F, Zhang JY, Shi SP, et al. Fever management in the emergency department of the Children's Hospital of Fudan University: a best practice implementation projiect[J]. JBIDatabase System Rev Implement Rep, 2016, 14(9): 358-366.

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[10] Wang Qi, Su Shaoyu, Liu Lamei, et al. Interpretation and content analysis of clinical practice guidelines for pediatric fever management[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 36(14): 28-31.

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[11] Section on Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics,Committee onDrugs,Sullivan JE,etal.Fever and antipyretic use in children[J].Pediatrics,2011,127(3):580-587.

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[12] Clericetti CM, Milani GP, Bianchetti MG, et al. Systematic review finds that fever phobi-ais is a worldwide issue among caregivers and healthcare providers[J]. Int J Nurs Stud, 2019,108(8):1393-1397.

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[13] Mohr NM Doerschug KC.Point:Should antipyretic therapy be given routinely to patients in septic shock? Yes Chest, 2013,144(4):1096-1098, discussion 1101-1093.

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[14] Du Chunchun. Clinical observation on 60 cases of wind-heat type fever in children treated with Chinese medicine foot bath[J]. Hunan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 39(11): 13-16.

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[15] Zhang Tingting. Observation on the effect of foot reflexology on sleep quality in patients with liver depression and fire type insomnia[D]. Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2024.

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Claims

1. An external antipyretic medicinal composition, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of bupleurum, 3-9 parts of mint, 15-25 parts of gypsum, 5-15 parts of raw ephedra, 5-15 parts of elsholtzia, 10-20 parts of scutellaria, 5-15 parts of isatis root and 5-15 parts of smilax glabra.

2. The external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-24 parts of bupleurum, 4-8 parts of mint, 16-24 parts of gypsum, 6-14 parts of raw ephedra, 6-14 parts of elsholtzia, 12-18 parts of scutellaria, 6-14 parts of isatis root and 6-14 parts of smilax glabra.

3. The external antipyretic medicinal composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of bupleurum, 5-7 parts of mint, 18-22 parts of gypsum, 8-12 parts of raw ephedra, 8-12 parts of elsholtzia, 14-16 parts of scutellaria, 8-12 parts of isatis root and 8-12 parts of smilax glabra.

4. The external antipyretic medicinal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of bupleurum, 6 parts of mint, 20 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of raw ephedra, 10 parts of elsholtzia, 15 parts of scutellaria, 10 parts of isatis root and 10 parts of smilax glabra.

5. A method for preparing the external antipyretic pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing bupleurum root, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, elsholtzia, scutellaria baicalensis, isatis root and smilax glabra according to the prescribed amount, adding water 4-8 times in volume of the total weight of the medicinal materials, decocting for 2-4 times, each time for 0.5-1.5 hours, combining the decoctions, and packaging into bags.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing bupleurum root, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, elsholtzia, scutellaria baicalensis, isatis root and smilax glabra according to the prescribed amount, adding water 5-7 times in volume of the total weight of the medicinal materials, decocting for 2-3 times, each time for 0.5-1h, combining the decoctions, and packaging into bags.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing bupleurum root, mint, gypsum, raw ephedra, elsholtzia, scutellaria baicalensis, isatis root and smilax glabra according to the prescribed amount, adding water of 6 times the volume of the total weight of the medicinal materials, decocting twice, each time for 0.5 h, combining the decoctions, and packaging into bags.

8. Use of the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in preparing medicine for treating pneumonia cough in children.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dosage form for preparing the medicine for treating pneumonia cough in children includes but is not limited to: external decoction.

10. Use of the decoction prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 in preparing medicine for treating pneumonia cough in children.

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