Extraction and concentration system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an extraction and concentration system and method, and belongs to the technical field of extraction and concentration. The extraction and concentration system comprises a material tank, a heater, a steam generator and a separator; the heater comprises a tank body, a uniform distribution structure, a plurality of vertically-arranged heating pipes and a metal net cylinder, an upper partition plate and a lower partition plate are installed in the tank body and divide an inner cavity of the tank body into a feeding cavity, a heating cavity and a discharging cavity, and the uniform distribution structure is located in the feeding cavity; the two ends of the heating pipe are fixed to the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate respectively, the two ends of the heating pipe are communicated with the feeding cavity and the discharging cavity respectively, the inner wall of the heating pipe is conical, the diameter of an upper port of the conical inner wall is larger than that of a lower port of the conical inner wall, the metal net cylinder is conical, and the conical degree of the metal net cylinder is consistent with that of the conical inner wall. The metal net cylinder is located in the heating pipe, the upper end of the metal net cylinder is higher than the upper partition plate, and the upper end of the metal net cylinder is arranged to be a guide part. The device can slow down the flow velocity of a liquid film and prolong the heating time, and meanwhile, the metal net cylinder makes the liquid form a film more easily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of extraction and concentration, and relates to an extraction and concentration system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of food, medicine, and chemical industry, liquid feed is often concentrated through an extraction and concentration system. The existing extraction and concentration system includes a feed tank, a heater, a steam generator, and a separator.

[0003] The existing heater has a falling film evaporator, which includes a tank body, a uniform distribution structure and a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes. The feed liquid enters the uniform distribution structure from the top of the tank body. The uniform distribution structure evenly distributes the feed liquid in each heating tube and makes the feed liquid flow downward along the inner wall of the heating tube in the form of a film. The liquid film evaporates and vaporizes due to the heat transmitted from the tube wall.

[0004] The heating time of the liquid film is the time the liquid film flows in the tube. If the length of the heating tube is increased in order to extend the heating time of the liquid film, the overall size of the heater is larger and occupies a large space. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to prolong the liquid film heating time and improve the heating effect, an extraction and concentration system and method are provided.

[0006] The present application provides an extraction and concentration system, which is specifically implemented by the following technical solutions: An extraction and concentration system, comprising a material tank, a heater, a steam generator and a separator; the heater comprises a tank body, a uniform distribution structure, a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes and a metal mesh cylinder; an upper partition and a lower partition are installed in the tank body, and the upper partition and the lower partition divide the inner cavity of the tank body into a feed cavity, a heating cavity and a discharge cavity; the tank body is provided with a feed pipe connected to the feed cavity, a steam inlet pipe connected to the heating cavity, a steam discharge pipe connected to the heating cavity, and a feed pipe connected between the discharge cavity and the separator; the uniform distribution structure is located in the feed cavity; the heating tube is located in the heating cavity; the upper partition and the lower partition are installed in the tank body; the upper partition and the lower partition divide the inner cavity of the tank body into a feed cavity, a heating cavity and a discharge cavity; the tank body is provided with a feed pipe connected to the feed cavity, a steam inlet pipe connected to the heating cavity, a steam discharge pipe connected to the heating cavity, and a feed pipe connected between the discharge cavity and the separator; the uniform distribution structure is located in the feed cavity; the heating tube is located in the heating ... The two ends of the tube are respectively fixed to the upper partition and the lower partition, the two ends of the heating tube are respectively connected to the feed cavity and the discharge cavity, the inner wall of the heating tube is set to a tapered inner wall, the upper port diameter of the tapered inner wall is larger than the lower port diameter, the metal mesh tube is set to a tapered cylinder, and the taper of the metal mesh tube is consistent with the taper of the tapered inner wall; the metal mesh tube is composed of a mesh cloth woven by metal wires, wherein the warp and weft directions of the metal wires are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube; the metal mesh tube is located in the heating tube, the upper end of the metal mesh tube is higher than the upper partition, and the upper end of the metal mesh tube is set as a guide part.

[0007] Through the above technical scheme, the slurry enters the uniform structure of the feed chamber through the feed pipe, and the uniform structure divides the slurry into multiple strands. The multiple strands of slurry fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition and enter the heating tube through the upper pipe mouth of the heating tube. In this process, since the guide part is higher than the upper partition, the guide part blocks the high-speed splashing of the slurry to a certain extent, so that the slurry flows downward along the outer wall of the metal mesh tube more stably, so that the slurry forms a relatively stable liquid film on the conical inner wall of the heating tube, and the liquid film covers the metal mesh tube. The metal mesh tube can not only lock the liquid film to ensure the stability of the liquid film, but also exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film to reduce the flow speed of the liquid film, thereby prolonging the flow time of the liquid film to improve the heating effect; secondly, since the longitude and latitude directions of the metal wires of the metal mesh tube are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube, the downward flowing liquid film will diffuse circumferentially under the guidance of the metal wires, so that the circumferential distribution of the liquid film on the conical inner wall is more uniform, so as to greatly improve the heating effect and reduce the occurrence of scaling.

[0008] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a displacement control component, which is used to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder; when the metal mesh cylinder is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder fits the conical inner wall; when the metal mesh cylinder is at the highest point, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder and the conical inner wall is greater than or equal to the liquid film thickness.

[0009] Through the above technical scheme, a displacement control component is set to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder, such as controlling the height position of the metal mesh cylinder relative to the heating tube. Since the metal mesh cylinder can exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film, when the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder is completely in contact with the conical inner wall, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film is the largest, and the liquid film flow rate is the lowest. When the metal mesh cylinder rises to the highest point and the shortest distance between the outer wall and the conical inner wall is the largest, the metal mesh cylinder has no interference with the liquid film, and the liquid film flow rate is the largest. Therefore, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film can be adjusted by controlling the metal mesh cylinder, thereby controlling the liquid film flow rate, so as to adapt to different types of liquid films with a wider range.

[0010] Secondly, the displacement control component can control the metal mesh cylinder to perform continuous lifting and reciprocating motion. Since the flow state of the liquid film is laminar flow, the flow velocity of the liquid film close to the conical inner wall is lower than the flow velocity of the liquid film away from the conical inner wall, and the temperature of the liquid film close to the conical inner wall is also slightly higher than the temperature of the liquid film away from the conical inner wall. The interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film will also affect the flow velocity and movement range of different parts of the liquid film. Therefore, in the process of the metal mesh cylinder moving from fitting to the conical inner wall to away from the conical inner wall, that is, in the process of the metal mesh cylinder moving upward, the interference of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film of the conical inner wall is reduced, so that the flow velocity of the liquid film in the conical inner wall part is accelerated. The accelerated flow velocity of the liquid film in this part will guide the liquid film away from the conical inner wall to move closer to the conical inner wall, thereby achieving convergence, that is, the two parts of the liquid film are mixed, and the exchange update frequency is increased. Increase, increase the heat exchange efficiency, and when the temperature difference between the inside and outside is small, the vaporization will strongly disturb the inner surface of the liquid film, and it is not easy to scale; in the process of the metal mesh cylinder from being away from the conical inner wall to being close to the conical inner wall, that is, the metal mesh cylinder moves downward, the flow velocity of the liquid film away from the conical inner wall is accelerated, and the accelerated flow velocity of the liquid film in this part will guide the liquid film close to the conical inner wall to move in the direction away from the conical inner wall to achieve convergence, that is, the two parts of the liquid film are mixed, the exchange and renewal frequency is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased. In this way, when the metal mesh cylinder is continuously lifted and reciprocated, it will affect the flow velocity of different parts of the liquid film, so that the two parts of the liquid film are intermittently mixed, the exchange and renewal frequency is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased. At the same time, the metal mesh cylinder can also drive the radial movement of part of the liquid film to a certain extent, thereby further improving the exchange and renewal frequency.

[0011] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a damping assembly, and the damping assembly is used to damp the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh cylinder.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh cylinder has damping, which can make the lifting of the metal mesh cylinder more gentle and its interference with the liquid film is also gentler, so as to ensure the stability of the liquid film.

[0013] Optionally, the displacement control assembly includes a lifting ring and a lifting drive structure, the lifting ring cooperates with the inner wall of the tank body for vertical sliding, the upper end of each metal mesh tube is fixedly connected to the lifting ring through a bracket, and the lifting drive structure is used to drive the lifting ring to slide vertically.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, by setting the lifting ring and the lifting drive structure, the overall lifting of each metal mesh cylinder can be achieved, which is more convenient and efficient.

[0015] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a damping assembly, which is used to damp the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube. The damping assembly includes a rubber sleeve, which is fixed on the outside of the lifting ring, and the outer wall of the rubber sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the tank body.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the friction between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the tank body is relatively large, so that the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube has damping.

[0017] Optionally, the displacement control assembly includes a sliding tube, an electromagnet, a first spring and a slider. The sliding tube is vertically arranged, the upper end of the sliding tube is fixed to the uniformly distributed structure, the slider is connected to the metal mesh tube, the slider vertically slides with the inner wall of the sliding tube, and the electromagnet adsorbs the slider to move upward when energized, and the elastic force of the first spring is used to force the slider to slide downward relative to the sliding tube.

[0018] Through the above technical scheme, an electromagnet and a first spring are provided to coordinate with the control of the lifting and lowering of the slider and the metal mesh cylinder. At the same time, each displacement control component is controlled one-to-one with each metal mesh cylinder, so that the lifting and lowering of individual metal mesh cylinders can be controlled. For example, the heating tube close to the steam inlet pipe heats up faster, so the liquid film flow rate in the heating tube can be controlled to increase, while the heating tube far from the steam inlet pipe heats up slower, so the liquid film flow rate in the heating tube can be controlled to decrease, so that the liquid film temperature at each position is more uniform.

[0019] Secondly, the liquid film speeds in different heating tubes may be different.

[0020] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a damping assembly, which is used to damp the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube. The damping assembly includes a rubber ring, which is located on the sliding fitting surface between the slider and the sliding tube.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the friction between the rubber ring and the inner wall of the sliding tube is relatively large, so that the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube has damping.

[0022] Optionally, the slider is fixedly connected to the metal mesh tube by a vertically arranged second spring; a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the sliding tube, and a round block is fixed on the outer wall of the slider, and the round block slides in cooperation with the spiral groove; when the metal mesh tube is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh tube fits the conical inner wall, the second spring is in a compressed state, and as the slider gradually moves downward, the second spring is gradually compressed.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, when the electromagnet and the first spring are controlled, the slider will rotate circumferentially through the sliding cooperation of the round block and the spiral groove, thereby driving the second spring and the metal mesh cylinder to rotate circumferentially, and when the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder fits the conical inner wall, the slider continues to move downward. Although the metal mesh cylinder does not continue to move downward, it still maintains a rotating state, and the second spring is gradually compressed. Therefore, the metal mesh cylinder fitted to the conical inner wall will move circumferentially and scrape off the scale on the conical inner wall to avoid the reduction of heat transfer efficiency due to excessive scaling. In addition, during the continuous compression of the second spring, the elastic force gradually increases, the abutting pressure of the metal mesh cylinder on the conical inner wall increases, and the descaling effect gradually increases.

[0024] Optionally, the mesh size of the metal mesh tube is 20-120 meshes.

[0025] The present application provides an extraction and concentration method, which is specifically implemented by the following technical solutions: A method for extraction and concentration, comprising the following steps: the liquid in the barrel enters the uniform distribution structure of the feed chamber through the feed pipe, the uniform distribution structure divides the liquid into multiple strands, the multiple strands of liquid fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition plate and enter the heating tube through the upper pipe opening of the heating tube, the liquid forms a downward-flowing liquid film on the conical inner wall of the heating tube, the liquid film covers the metal mesh tube, during which the steam of the steam generator enters the heating chamber through the steam inlet pipe, the steam heats the heating tube to heat the liquid film in the heating tube, and the steam is discharged from the steam discharge pipe; the liquid film is heated to obtain a concentrated liquid and evaporated secondary steam, the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator through the feed pipe to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. By setting the metal mesh cylinder and the conical inner wall, the metal mesh cylinder can not only lock the liquid film and ensure the stability of the liquid film, but also exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film to reduce the flow speed of the liquid film, thereby prolonging the flow time of the liquid film and improving the heating effect; secondly, since the longitude and latitude directions of the metal wires of the metal mesh cylinder are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh cylinder, the liquid film flowing downward will diffuse circumferentially under the guidance of the metal wires, making the circumferential distribution of the liquid film on the conical inner wall more uniform, thereby greatly improving the heating effect and reducing the occurrence of scaling; 2. By setting a displacement control component, the metal mesh cylinder is controlled to make continuous lifting and reciprocating motion, which will affect the flow rate of different parts of the liquid film, so that the two parts of the liquid film are intermittently mixed, the exchange and renewal frequency is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased. At the same time, the metal mesh cylinder can also drive the radial movement of part of the liquid film to a certain extent, thereby further improving the exchange and renewal frequency; 3. Through the sliding cooperation between the round block and the spiral groove, the slider will rotate circumferentially, thereby driving the second spring and the metal mesh cylinder to rotate circumferentially. Therefore, the metal mesh cylinder attached to the conical inner wall will move circumferentially and scrape off the scale on the conical inner wall to avoid the reduction of heat transfer efficiency due to excessive scaling. In addition, during the continuous compression of the second spring, the elastic force gradually increases, the abutting pressure of the metal mesh cylinder on the conical inner wall increases, and the descaling effect gradually increases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system of Example 1.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the heater of Example 1.

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the heater of Example 2.

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the heater of Example 3.

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view of Example 4 for showing the displacement control component.

[0035] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0036] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the sliding pipe of Example 4.

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 1. heating tube; 3. displacement control assembly; 10. material tank; 11. conical inner wall; 12. metal mesh tube; 13. guide portion; 15. support rod; 20. heater; 201. tank body; 202. upper partition; 203. lower partition; 205. feed chamber; 206. heating chamber; 207. discharge chamber; 208. feed pipe; 209. steam inlet pipe; 210. steam outlet pipe; 211 , feed pipe; 22, uniform distribution structure; 221, upper uniform distribution plate; 222, lower uniform distribution plate; 223, side wall; 30, steam generator; 31, lifting drive structure; 32, lifting ring; 321, bracket; 322, rubber sleeve; 33, sliding pipe; 331, spiral groove; 35, electromagnet; 36, slider; 361, round block; 37, first spring; 38, rubber ring; 39, second spring; 40, separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the attached Figure 1-Figure 10 Shown in.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "certain embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0040] Example 1 Example 1 discloses an extraction and concentration system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the extraction and concentration system includes a feed tank 10, a heater 20, a steam generator 30 and a separator 40, wherein the feed tank 10 is used to inject the feed liquid into the heater 20, and the steam in the steam generator 30 is injected into the heater 20 to heat the feed liquid in the heater 20 to obtain a concentrated liquid and evaporated secondary steam, and the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator 40 to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

[0041] In this embodiment, the heater 20, the steam generator 30 and the separator 40 are all one, that is, a single-effect extraction and concentration system. In other embodiments, the heater 20 and the separator 40 can be set to three, and the steam of the steam generator 30 is heated by each heater 20 in turn. The heating temperature of each heater 20 is different, and the feed liquid is heated by each heater 20 in turn. At the same time, the secondary steam can also participate in the steam flow of the steam generator 30 to improve the utilization rate of thermal energy, thereby forming a three-effect extraction and concentration system.

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the heater 20 includes a tank body 201, a uniformly distributed structure 22, a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes 1 and a metal mesh tube 12, the tank body 201 is vertical, the tank body 201 is cylindrical, a circular upper partition 202 and a circular lower partition 203 are installed in the tank body 201, the upper partition 202 and the lower partition 203 divide the inner cavity of the tank body 201 into a feed cavity 205, a heating cavity 206 and a discharge cavity 207, the tank body 201 is provided with a feed pipe 208 connected to the feed cavity 205, a steam inlet pipe 209 connected to the heating cavity 206, a steam outlet pipe 210 connected to the heating cavity 206, and a conveying pipe 211 connected between the discharge cavity 207 and the separator 40.

[0043] The uniform distribution structure 22 is located in the feed chamber 205. Specifically, the uniform distribution structure 22 includes an upper uniform distribution disk 221 and a lower uniform distribution disk 222 installed in the feed chamber 205. The diameter of the lower uniform distribution disk 222 is larger than the diameter of the upper uniform distribution disk 221. The outer edge of the lower uniform distribution disk 222 has a side wall 223. The upper uniform distribution disk 221 and the lower uniform distribution disk 222 are densely distributed with holes for the feed liquid to pass through, and the holes of the upper uniform distribution disk 221 and the lower uniform distribution disk 222 are staggered.

[0044] The heating tube 1 is arranged vertically, and the two ends of the heating tube 1 are respectively fixed to the upper partition 202 and the lower partition 203, that is, the two ends of the heating tube 1 pass through the upper partition 202 and the lower partition 203, so that the two ends of the heating tube 1 are respectively connected to the feed chamber 205 and the discharge chamber 207, and the upper tube mouth of the heating tube 1 is staggered with the hole of the lower uniform distribution plate 222.

[0045] The inner wall of the heating tube 1 is set to be a tapered inner wall 11, and the diameter of the upper port of the tapered inner wall 11 is greater than the diameter of the lower port, and the taper of the tapered inner wall 11 is less than or equal to 1:130.

[0046] The metal mesh tube 12 is set to be a conical cylinder, and the taper of the metal mesh tube 12 is consistent with the taper of the conical inner wall 11. The metal mesh tube 12 is composed of a mesh cloth woven by metal wires, wherein the warp and weft directions of the metal wires are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube 12; the mesh number of the metal mesh tube 12 is 20~120 meshes.

[0047] In this embodiment, the metal mesh tube 12 is located in the heating tube 1, and the outer wall of the metal mesh tube 12 is attached to the conical inner wall 11. The metal mesh tube 12 is positioned and supported by the conical inner wall 11. In other embodiments, the upper end of the metal mesh tube 12 can be fixed to the upper uniform distribution plate 221, and the metal mesh tube 12 is suspended in the heating tube 1. There is a gap between the outer wall of the metal mesh tube 12 and the conical inner wall 11. The gap is used for part of the liquid film to pass through, and the other part of the liquid film is in contact with the metal mesh tube 12.

[0048] The upper end of the metal mesh tube 12 is higher than the upper partition 202. The upper end of the metal mesh tube 12 is set as the guide part 13. The mesh number of the guide part 13 can be consistent with the mesh number of other parts of the metal mesh tube 12, and the mesh number of the guide part 13 can also be smaller than the mesh number of other parts of the metal mesh tube 12.

[0049] The present embodiment also discloses an extraction and concentration method using the above-mentioned extraction and concentration system, comprising the following steps: the liquid in the barrel enters the uniform distribution structure 22 of the feed chamber 205 through the feed pipe 208, the uniform distribution structure 22 divides the liquid into multiple strands, the multiple strands of liquid fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition 202 and enter the heating tube 1 through the upper pipe opening of the heating tube 1.

[0050] During this process, since the guide portion 13 is higher than the upper partition 202, the guide portion 13 blocks the high-speed splashing of the slurry to a certain extent, so that the slurry flows downward along the outer wall of the metal mesh tube 12 more stably, so that the slurry forms a more stable liquid film on the conical inner wall 11 of the heating tube 1, and the liquid film covers the metal mesh tube 12. The metal mesh tube 12 can not only lock the liquid film to ensure the stability of the liquid film, but also exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film to reduce the flow speed of the liquid film, thereby prolonging the flow time of the liquid film to improve the heating effect; secondly, since the longitude and latitude directions of the metal wires of the metal mesh tube 12 are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube 12, the downward flowing liquid film will diffuse circumferentially under the guidance of the metal wires, so that the circumferential distribution of the liquid film on the conical inner wall 11 is more uniform, thereby greatly improving the heating effect and reducing the occurrence of scaling.

[0051] While the liquid film flows in the heating tube 1, the steam from the steam generator 30 enters the heating chamber 206 through the steam inlet pipe 209, the steam heats the heating tube 1 to heat the liquid film in the heating tube 1, and the steam is discharged from the steam outlet pipe 210; the heated liquid film obtains concentrated liquid and evaporated secondary steam, the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator 40 through the feed pipe 211 to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

[0052] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the tank body 201 is provided with a displacement control component 3, which is used to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder 12. When the displacement control component 3 moves the metal mesh cylinder 12 to the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 fits the conical inner wall 11; when the displacement control component 3 moves the metal mesh cylinder 12 to the highest point, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 and the conical inner wall 11 is greater than or equal to the liquid film thickness.

[0053] In this embodiment, the displacement control component 3 includes a lifting ring 32 and a lifting drive structure 31. The lifting ring 32 cooperates with the inner wall of the tank body 201 to slide vertically. The upper end of each metal mesh tube 12 is fixedly connected to the lifting ring 32 through a bracket 321. The lifting drive structure 31 is used to drive the lifting ring 32 to slide vertically. The lifting drive structure 31 can be a cylinder, which is installed on the outside of the tank body 201. The cylinder is vertically arranged, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder slides through the tank body 201 and is fixedly connected to the bracket 321.

[0054] In order to make the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube 12 gentler, the following settings can also be made: the tank body 201 is provided with a damping component, and the damping component is used to make the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube 12 damped. In this embodiment, the damping component includes a rubber sleeve 322, and the rubber sleeve 322 is fixed on the outside of the lifting ring 32, and the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 322 is in contact with the inner wall of the tank body 201. Since the friction between the rubber sleeve 322 and the inner wall of the tank body 201 is large, the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh tube 12 is damped.

[0055] The displacement control component 3 has various application conditions. For example, the displacement control component 3 can adjust the height position of the metal mesh tube 12 relative to the heating tube 1 and keep it at this height position for a long time. Since the metal mesh tube 12 can exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film, when the outer wall of the metal mesh tube 12 is completely in contact with the conical inner wall 11, the interference volume of the metal mesh tube 12 on the liquid film is the largest, and the liquid film flow rate is the lowest. When the metal mesh tube 12 rises to the highest point and the shortest distance between the outer wall and the conical inner wall 11 is the largest, the metal mesh tube 12 has no interference with the liquid film, and the liquid film flow rate is the largest. Therefore, by controlling the metal mesh tube 12, the interference volume of the metal mesh tube 12 on the liquid film can be adjusted, thereby controlling the liquid film flow rate, so as to adapt to different types of liquid films with a wider range.

[0056] For example, the displacement control component 3 can control the metal mesh tube 12 to perform continuous lifting and reciprocating motion. Since the flow state of the liquid film is laminar flow, the flow velocity of the liquid film close to the conical inner wall 11 is lower than the flow velocity of the liquid film away from the conical inner wall 11, and the temperature of the liquid film close to the conical inner wall 11 is also slightly higher than the temperature of the liquid film away from the conical inner wall 11. The interference volume of the metal mesh tube 12 on the liquid film will also affect the flow velocity and movement range of different parts of the liquid film. Therefore, in the process of the metal mesh tube 12 moving from being in contact with the conical inner wall 11 to being away from the conical inner wall 11, that is, in the process of the metal mesh tube 12 moving upward, the interference of the metal mesh tube 12 on the liquid film of the conical inner wall 11 is reduced, so that the flow velocity of the liquid film of the conical inner wall 11 is accelerated. The accelerated flow velocity of the liquid film in this part will guide the liquid film away from the conical inner wall 11 to move towards the conical inner wall 11, thereby converging, i.e., mixing the two parts of the liquid film. , the exchange and renewal frequency is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is increased, and when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is small, the vaporization will strongly disturb the inner surface of the liquid film, which is not easy to scale; in the process of the metal mesh cylinder 12 moving from away from the conical inner wall 11 to fitting the conical inner wall 11, that is, the metal mesh cylinder 12 moves downward, the flow velocity of the liquid film away from the conical inner wall 11 is accelerated, and the accelerated flow velocity of the liquid film in this part will guide the liquid film close to the conical inner wall 11 to move in the direction away from the conical inner wall 11 to achieve convergence, that is, the two parts of the liquid film are mixed, the exchange and renewal frequency is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased. In this way, when the metal mesh cylinder 12 performs continuous lifting and reciprocating motion, it will affect the flow velocity of different parts of the liquid film, so that the two parts of the liquid film are intermittently mixed, the exchange and renewal frequency is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased. At the same time, the metal mesh cylinder 12 can also drive the radial movement of part of the liquid film to a certain extent, thereby further improving the exchange and renewal frequency.

[0057] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 2 is that Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the displacement control assembly 3 includes a slide tube 33, an electromagnet 35, a first spring 37 and a slider 36. The slide tube 33 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the slide tube 33 is fixed to the bottom of the lower uniform distribution disk 222. The slider 36 is a cylindrical block. The slider 36 is fixedly connected to the metal mesh tube 12 by a support rod 15. The slider 36 is vertically slidably matched with the inner wall of the slide tube 33. The electromagnet 35 is located directly above the slider 36. When the electromagnet 35 is energized, the slider 36 is attracted to move upward; the first spring 37 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the first spring 37 abuts against the top of the slider 36. The elastic force of the first spring 37 is used to force the slider 36 to slide downward relative to the slide tube 33.

[0058] The electromagnet 35 and the first spring 37 are provided to coordinate and control the lifting and lowering of the slider 36 and the metal mesh tube 12. Specifically, the electromagnet 35 is energized, and its magnetic force will attract the slider 36 and the metal mesh tube 12 to move upward. At this time, the first spring 37 is compressed. When the electromagnet 35 is de-energized, the first spring 37 recovers its deformation, and the elastic force of the first spring 37 will force the slider 36 and the metal mesh tube 12 to slide downward. That is, the effect of the displacement control component 3 of this embodiment includes the effect of the displacement control component 3 of the second embodiment.

[0059] Moreover, each displacement control component 3 in the present embodiment is controlled one-to-one with each metal mesh tube 12, so that the lifting and lowering of individual metal mesh tubes 12 can be controlled. The control is more flexible than that in Example 2. For example, if the heating tube 1 close to the steam inlet pipe 209 heats up faster, the metal mesh tube 12 in the corresponding heating tube 1 can be controlled to be higher, so that the liquid film flow rate of the heating tube 1 is increased. If the heating tube 1 far away from the steam inlet pipe 209 heats up slower, the metal mesh tube 12 in the corresponding heating tube 1 can be controlled to be lower, so that the liquid film flow rate in the heating tube 1 is reduced, thereby making the liquid film temperature at each position more uniform.

[0060] Secondly, a damping component may be further added to the embodiment. The damping component of the embodiment includes a rubber ring 38 . The rubber ring 38 is located on the sliding mating surface between the slider 36 and the slide tube 33 .

[0061] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the slider 36 is fixedly connected to the support rod 15 via a second vertically arranged spring 39. In this embodiment, the damping assembly of the reference document 2 may be used, or the damping assembly of the reference document 2 may not be used.

[0062] The inner wall of the slide tube 33 is provided with a spiral groove 331, and the outer wall of the slider 36 is fixed with a round block 361, which slides and cooperates with the spiral groove 331. When the electromagnet 35 and the first spring 37 control the slider 36 to rise and fall, the slider 36 will rotate in the circumferential direction through the sliding cooperation between the round block 361 and the spiral groove 331, thereby driving the second spring 39 and the metal mesh tube 12 to rotate in the circumferential direction.

[0063] When the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 fits the conical inner wall 11 (that is, when the metal mesh cylinder 12 moves down to the lowest point), the first spring 37 also forces the slider 36 to continue to move down. Although the metal mesh cylinder 12 does not continue to move down, the slider 36 continues to move down and rotates circumferentially, so that the metal mesh cylinder 12 remains in a rotating state, and the second spring 39 is gradually compressed during this process. Therefore, the metal mesh cylinder 12 fitted to the conical inner wall 11 will move circumferentially and scrape off the scale on the conical inner wall 11 to avoid the reduction of heat transfer efficiency due to excessive scale. In addition, during the continuous compression of the second spring 39, the elastic force gradually increases, the abutting pressure of the metal mesh cylinder 12 on the conical inner wall 11 increases, and the descaling effect gradually increases.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An extraction and concentration system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a material tank (10), a heater (20), a steam generator (30) and a separator (40); the heater (20) comprises a tank body (201), a uniformly distributed structure (22), a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes (1) and a metal mesh cylinder (12); an upper partition (202) and a lower partition (203) are installed in the tank body (201); the upper partition (202) and the lower partition (203) divide the inner cavity of the tank body (201) into a feed cavity (205), a heating cavity (206) and a discharge cavity (207); the tank body (201) is provided with a feed pipe (208) connected to the feed cavity (205), a steam inlet pipe (209) connected to the heating cavity (206), a steam discharge pipe (210) connected to the heating cavity (206), a feed pipe (211) connected between the discharge cavity (207) and the separator (40); 1); the uniformly distributed structure (22) is located in the feed cavity (205); the two ends of the heating tube (1) are respectively fixed to the upper partition (202) and the lower partition (203); the two ends of the heating tube (1) are respectively connected to the feed cavity (205) and the discharge cavity (207); the inner wall of the heating tube (1) is set as a conical inner wall (11); the diameter of the upper end of the conical inner wall (11) is larger than the diameter of the lower end; the metal mesh tube (12) is set as a conical cylinder; the taper of the metal mesh tube (12) is consistent with the taper of the conical inner wall (11); the metal mesh tube (12) is composed of a mesh cloth formed by weaving metal wires, wherein the warp and weft directions of the metal wires are both arranged to be inclined with respect to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube (12); the metal mesh tube (12) is located in the heating tube (1); the upper end of the metal mesh tube (12) is higher than the upper partition (202); the upper end of the metal mesh tube (12) is set as a guide portion (13).

2. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a displacement control component (3), and the displacement control component (3) is used to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder (12); when the metal mesh cylinder (12) is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder (12) fits the conical inner wall (11); when the metal mesh cylinder (12) is at the highest point, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder (12) and the conical inner wall (11) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the liquid film.

3. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a damping assembly, and the damping assembly is used to provide damping for the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh cylinder (12).

4. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The displacement control assembly (3) comprises a lifting ring (32) and a lifting drive structure (31); the lifting ring (32) cooperates with the inner wall of the tank body (201) to slide vertically; the upper end of each metal mesh cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the lifting ring (32) via a bracket (321); and the lifting drive structure (31) is used to drive the lifting ring (32) to slide vertically.

5. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a damping assembly, which is used to damp the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder (12). The damping assembly comprises a rubber sleeve (322), which is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the lifting ring (32), and the outer wall of the rubber sleeve (322) is in contact with the inner wall of the tank body (201).

6. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The displacement control assembly (3) comprises a slide tube (33), an electromagnet (35), a first spring (37) and a slider (36); the slide tube (33) is arranged vertically; the upper end of the slide tube (33) is fixed to the uniformly distributed structure (22); the slider (36) is connected to the metal mesh tube (12); the slider (36) and the inner wall of the slide tube (33) are vertically slidably matched; when the electromagnet (35) is energized, the slider (36) is attracted to move upward; and the elastic force of the first spring (37) is used to force the slider (36) to slide downward relative to the slide tube (33).

7. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a damping assembly, which is used to damp the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh cylinder (12). The damping assembly includes a rubber ring (38), and the rubber ring (38) is located on the sliding matching surface between the slider (36) and the slide tube (33).

8. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slider (36) is fixedly connected to the metal mesh tube (12) via a second spring (39) arranged vertically; a spiral groove (331) is provided on the inner wall of the slide tube (33); a round block (361) is fixed on the outer wall of the slider (36); the round block (361) and the spiral groove (331) are slidably matched; when the metal mesh tube (12) is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh tube (12) fits the conical inner wall (11), the second spring (39) is in a compressed state, and the second spring (39) is gradually compressed as the slider (36) gradually moves downward.

9. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the metal mesh cylinder (12) is 20 to 120 meshes.

10. An extraction and concentration method, applied to the extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The liquid in the barrel enters the uniform distribution structure (22) of the feed chamber (205) through the feed pipe (208). The uniform distribution structure (22) divides the liquid into multiple strands. The multiple strands of liquid fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition (202) and enter the heating tube (1) through the upper pipe opening of the heating tube (1). The liquid forms a downward-flowing liquid film on the conical inner wall (11) of the heating tube (1). The liquid film covers the metal mesh tube (12). During this period, the steam of the steam generator (30) enters the heating chamber (206) through the steam inlet pipe (209). The steam heats the heating tube (1) to heat the liquid film in the heating tube (1). The steam is discharged from the steam discharge pipe (210). The heated liquid film obtains a concentrated liquid and evaporated secondary steam. The secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator (40) through the feed pipe (211) to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

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