Coal catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of coal combustion, the coal catalyst comprises the following raw materials: 10-20 parts of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, 1-8 parts of a transition metal compound, 1-2 parts of a rare earth metal compound, 1-5 parts of a halogen compound, 1-10 parts of a shielding agent, 1-10 parts of a reducing agent, 1-2 parts of a dispersing agent or a penetrating agent, and the balance of water. According to the coal catalyst and the preparation method thereof, firstly, the raw materials can be sequentially poured into water to be mixed, then, the mixture is mixed with coal, and finally, the crushed coal can be normally combusted, and because alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, a transition metal compound, a rare earth metal compound and a halogen compound are added into the coal catalyst, the coal catalyst is environment-friendly and energy-saving. Coal combustion can be better promoted through the substances, meanwhile, the dispersed penetrant is added, so that the catalyst aqueous solution can be better contacted and combined with coal, the coal keeps good catalytic activity in the combustion process, and the combustion efficiency of the coal is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal combustion, in particular to a coal catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important energy resource, coal occupies an important position in the global energy structure. In order to make coal burn more completely, coal catalysts are needed. Coal catalysts can make coal burn more completely.

[0003] Although catalysts are used when existing coal is burned, in actual operation, due to the influence of different physical properties of coal, the ignition temperature and burnout temperature of coal do not drop too much during combustion, resulting in incomplete combustion of coal, limiting the room for improvement in overall energy efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a coal catalyst and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the coal catalyst proposed in the above background technology is prone to incomplete combustion of coal, thereby affecting the combustion efficiency of coal.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal catalyst, comprising the following raw materials:

[0006] 10-20 parts of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, 1-8 parts of transition metal compound, 1-2 parts of rare earth metal compound, 1-5 parts of halogen compound, 1-10 parts of shielding agent, 1-10 parts of reducing agent, 1-2 parts of dispersant or penetrant, and the balance is water.

[0007] Preferably, the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts are main catalysts, transition metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds and halogen compounds are catalysts, dispersants, penetrants and reducing agents are catalyst promoters, shielding agents are stabilizers, and water is a carrier.

[0008] Preferably, the alkali metal compound is at least one of potassium salt and sodium salt. The alkali metal potassium salt can increase the combustion activity of volatile matter in coal, and the alkali metal sodium salt can increase the combustion activity of carbon components in coal. Alkali metal salts with better water solubility are preferred.

[0009] Preferably, the transition metal compound is at least one of an iron salt, a cobalt salt, a nickel salt, etc., preferably a transition metal compound whose metal ion valence can be changed.

[0010] Preferably, the rare earth metal compound is at least one of lanthanum salt, cerium salt and neodymium salt.

[0011] Preferably, the halogen compound is preferably fluoride or iodide. Under high temperature, fluoride can decompose the siliceous ash in coal to better promote coal combustion, and iodide can also serve as a reducing agent.

[0012] Preferably, the shielding agent can stabilize the metal ions in the catalyst solution to avoid precipitation or premature redox reaction, and is preferably EDTA, urea, or cyanide.

[0013] Preferably, the reducing agent can promote the change of the valence of transition metal ions in a high temperature atmosphere, thereby better promoting the catalytic effect, and is preferably ascorbic acid, iodide, or urea.

[0014] Preferably, the dispersing penetrant can promote better contact and bonding between the catalyst aqueous solution and the coal, preferably anionic and nonionic surfactants.

[0015] A method for preparing a coal catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Prepare raw materials according to the corresponding proportions;

[0017] S2: Mixing the raw materials, mixing the prepared raw materials into water in sequence, and adding them in the following order: dispersant or penetrant, shielding agent, transition metal compound, rare earth metal compound, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, halogen compound reducing agent, and then stirring them evenly;

[0018] S3: Combustion is performed, and the obtained coal catalyst is mixed with coal in a certain mass ratio, with the coal catalyst / coal ratio being 0.1-0.5%.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the coal catalyst and its preparation method can first pour the raw materials to be used into water in sequence and mix them with water, then mix them with coal, and then dry and crush the coal. The crushed coal can be burned normally. Since alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, transition metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, and halogen compounds are added to the coal catalyst, these substances can reduce the ignition temperature and burnout temperature of the coal during combustion, reduce activation energy, and better promote coal combustion. At the same time, adding a dispersing penetrant can promote the catalyst aqueous solution to better contact and combine with the coal, so that the coal maintains good catalytic activity during the combustion process and improves the combustion efficiency of the coal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the preparation method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the proportion of raw materials of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a coal catalyst, comprising the following raw materials:

[0024] 10-20 parts of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts, 1-8 parts of transition metal compounds, 1-2 parts of rare earth metal compounds, 1-5 parts of halogen compounds, 1-10 parts of shielding agents, 1-10 parts of reducing agents, 1-2 parts of dispersants and penetrants, and the balance is water.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Weigh in sequence: 15 g potassium nitrate, 5 g sodium fluoride, 2 g nickel nitrate, 5 g chromium nitrate, 1 g ferric chloride, 1 g lanthanum nitrate, 3 g potassium iodide, 10 g urea, 3 g sodium ascorbic acid, and 2 g sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0027] Weigh 55 g of water and place it in a flask with a heating and stirring device, heat the water in the flask to 60° C., start a stirrer to stir slowly, add weighed sodium dodecyl sulfate, urea, nickel nitrate, chromium nitrate, ferric chloride, lanthanum nitrate, sodium fluoride, potassium nitrate, sodium ascorbic acid, and potassium iodide in sequence, and ball mill to dissolve or make a suspension to obtain a coal catalyst.

[0028] Weigh two 999g dry coal samples, add 1g of distilled water to one blank sample, and add 1g of the above coal catalyst to the other test sample. Grind them to about 150 mesh with a ball mill, and dry them in a 120℃ oven for half an hour. After drying, weigh 10mg of dried coal samples from each of the two groups of samples and test them with a thermal analyzer. The results are as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Weigh in sequence: 10g potassium nitrate, 1g sodium sulfate, 4g sodium fluoride, 2g nickel nitrate, 5g zirconium nitrate, 1g lanthanum nitrate, 6g potassium iodide, 10g EDTA, and 1g naphthalene-based water reducer.

[0032] Weigh 60 g of water and place it in a flask with a heating and stirring device, heat the water in the flask to 60° C., start a stirrer to stir slowly, and add weighed naphthalene-based water reducer, EDTA, nickel nitrate, zirconium nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium fluoride, potassium nitrate, and potassium iodide in sequence to dissolve them or make them into a suspension to obtain a coal catalyst.

[0033] Weigh two 998g dry coal samples, add 2g distilled water to one blank sample, and add 2g of the above coal catalyst to the other test sample. Grind them to about 150 mesh with a ball mill, dry them in a 120℃ oven for half an hour. After drying, weigh 10mg of dried coal samples from each of the two groups of samples and test them with a thermal analyzer. The results are as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Weigh in sequence: 15 g potassium nitrate, 5 g sodium chloride, 8 g ferric chloride, 1 g cerium nitrate, 3 g potassium iodide, 10 g sodium cyanide, 3 g sodium ascorbic acid, 2 g sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 2 g calcium fluoride.

[0037] Weigh 55 g of water and place it in a flask with a heating and stirring device, heat the water in the flask to 60° C., start a stirrer and stir slowly, add weighed sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium cyanide, ferric chloride, cerium nitrate, sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium ascorbic acid, potassium iodide, and calcium fluoride in sequence, dissolve them or make them into a suspension to obtain a coal catalyst.

[0038] Weigh two 997g dry coal samples, add 3g distilled water to one blank sample, and add 3g of the above coal catalyst to the other test sample. Grind them to about 150 mesh with a ball mill, dry them in an oven at 120℃ for half an hour. After drying, weigh 10mg of dried coal samples from each of the two groups of samples and test them with a thermal analyzer. The results are as follows:

[0039]

[0040] The coal catalyst prepared in the above embodiment was mixed evenly with coal in a certain proportion and then subjected to combustion test. The results showed that the catalyst could reduce the ignition temperature and burnout temperature of coal and shorten the combustion time, which indirectly indicates that the catalyst could improve the combustion efficiency of coal. At the same time, the catalyst could reduce the emission of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides during the combustion of coal, thereby reducing pollution to the environment. The catalyst preparation method of the present invention is simple, low-cost, and easy to industrialize to increase the combustion rate of coal.

[0041] In summary, the coal catalyst and its preparation method can first select the corresponding raw materials according to the above-mentioned ratio, and pour the raw materials into the heated water in turn, and then use a stirring device to evenly stir them so that the raw materials can be fully mixed and reacted. When the solution is a suspension, the coal catalyst can be obtained, and then it can be mixed with coal. After mixing, the coal is dried and crushed. After the above steps, the coal can be burned, thereby improving the coal combustion efficiency. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the existing technology known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0042] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal catalyst, characterized in that: Including the following ingredients: 10-20 parts of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, 1-8 parts of transition metal compound, 1-2 parts of rare earth metal compound, 1-5 parts of halogen compound, 1-10 parts of shielding agent, 1-10 parts of reducing agent, 1-2 parts of dispersant or penetrant, and the balance is water.

2. A coal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts are the main catalysts, the transition metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds and halogen compounds are the catalysts, the dispersant, penetrant and reducing agent are the catalyst promoters, the shielding agent is the stabilizer and water is the carrier.

3. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkali metal compound is at least one of potassium salt and sodium salt. The alkali metal potassium salt can improve the combustion activity of volatile components in coal, and the alkali metal sodium salt can improve the combustion activity of carbon components in coal.

4. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transition metal compound is at least one of an iron salt, a cobalt salt, a nickel salt, etc., and is preferably a transition metal compound whose metal ion valence can be changed.

5. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rare earth metal compound is at least one of lanthanum salt, cerium salt and neodymium salt.

6. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The halogen compound is preferably fluoride or iodide. Under high temperature, fluoride can decompose the siliceous ash in coal to better promote coal combustion, and iodide can also serve as a reducing agent.

7. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shielding agent can stabilize the metal ions in the catalyst solution to avoid precipitation or premature redox reaction, and is preferably EDTA, urea, or cyanide.

8. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reducing agent can promote the change of the valence of transition metal ions in a high temperature atmosphere, thereby better promoting the catalytic effect, and is preferably ascorbic acid, iodide, and urea.

9. A coal catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersing penetrant can promote better contact and combination between the catalyst aqueous solution and the coal, and anionic and non-ionic surfactants are preferred.

10. A method for preparing a coal catalyst, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Prepare raw materials according to the corresponding proportions; S2: Mixing the raw materials, mixing the prepared raw materials into water in sequence, and adding them in the following order: dispersant or penetrant, shielding agent, transition metal compound, rare earth metal compound, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, halogen compound reducing agent, and then stirring them evenly; S3: Combustion is performed, and the obtained coal catalyst is mixed with coal in a certain mass ratio, with the coal catalyst / coal ratio being 0.1-0.5%.

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