Vertical vortex sorting device with radial double-layer magnetic rollers

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical vortex sorting device with a radial double-layer magnetic roller. The vertical vortex sorting device comprises a rack, a storage bin, a material stirrer, a material uniformizing disc, a permanent magnet coupler, the radial double-layer magnetic roller, a motor, a multi-layer material flow channel, a material collecting groove and a material collecting conveying belt. The radial double-layer magnetic roller is provided with an inner layer and an outer layer in the radial direction, the inner layer and the outer layer are respectively an NS magnetic system and a Halbach magnetic system, and the inner layer magnetic system and the outer layer magnetic system are combined in three forms, namely an N-H magnetic roller, an H-N magnetic roller and an H-H magnetic roller; the radial magnetic system arrangement of the magnetic roller is designed, so that non-ferrous metal materials are subjected to large enough eddy force, large enough repulsion distance is generated, and the separation grade between non-ferrous metal and non-metal is improved; on the basis, separation of different nonferrous metal particles can be achieved by improving the eddy force difference value, the repulsion distance difference value and the eddy force volatility. The device can effectively improve the grade and efficiency of non-ferrous metal resource recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste recovery and treatment, and in particular relates to a vertical eddy current separation device with a radial double-layer magnetic roller. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste contains a large amount of non-ferrous metals. Realizing resource utilization and efficient recycling of non-ferrous metals through simple and feasible process methods can not only reduce resource waste and avoid environmental pollution, but also bring huge economic benefits.

[0003] The recovery process of non-ferrous metals generally involves first enriching non-ferrous metals through mechanical and physical methods such as magnetic separation, gravity separation (wind separation and buoyancy separation), and eddy current separation, and then refining the metals through pyrometallurgical recovery, hydrometallurgical recovery, and biological recovery methods, and then converting them into recycled metal raw materials. The eddy current separation non-ferrous metal enrichment process has an important impact on the resource, environmental protection, and economic efficiency of the refining process.

[0004] Eddy current separation technology is an electromagnetic separation technology that separates non-ferrous metals from mixed materials based on the different conductivity and density of different materials. During the separation process, the magnetic roller rotates at high speed to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. When the conductive particles pass through the high-frequency alternating magnetic field, an induced current will be generated. The induced current will generate a magnetic field in the opposite direction of the original magnetic field, thereby generating a repulsive force on the conductive particles and throwing them out, thus achieving the separation of non-ferrous metals and non-metals, and between different non-ferrous metals.

[0005] The recycling efficiency of eddy current sorting technology for separating non-ferrous metals and non-metals can reach more than 90%, but due to the diversity and large amount of materials, in general, the sorting efficiency and grade between non-ferrous metal particles of existing eddy current sorting equipment are very low, and even separation cannot be achieved, resulting in huge resource and economic losses. For example, there are a variety of non-ferrous metals in electronic waste, especially precious metals such as Au, Ag, Pd and Pt, whose grades are much higher than their respective natural mine resources. Electronic waste such as old televisions, computers, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. contain high-purity non-ferrous metals such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, and aluminum. Computer fragments include about 14% Al and 17% other metals (such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg and Cd). Recycling 1 million smartphones can recycle 16 tons of copper, 350 kg of silver and 34 kg of Au. Waste circuit boards contain nearly 30% Cu, 10-20% Pb, 1-3% Fe, 1-3% Ag, 0.05% Au and 0.01% Pd. In particular, the purity of precious metals in PCBs is more than 10 times that of rich ores. Waste printed circuit boards contain nearly 28% of metals, including copper, zinc, aluminum, tin, lead and other non-ferrous metals. 1t of waste circuit boards generated by mobile phones, computers, etc. can extract up to 0.4536kg of gold, worth 183,600 yuan. Waste toner cartridges contain 11.7% aluminum. Waste refrigerator cabinets contain about 8.9% copper and aluminum. Solid waste such as waste lithium iron phosphate batteries and photovoltaic solar panels also contain a large amount of non-ferrous metals. In addition, according to relevant research reports, 1t of electronic waste collected at random can extract 0.05kg of gold, 40.8kg of iron, 150kg of copper, 30kg of lead, 2.5kg of tin, 19kg of nickel, and 10.0kg of antimony. Extracting precious metals from electronic waste has excellent economic benefits, and the value of precious metals contained in it is much higher than its recycling cost. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of eddy current separation device to achieve the separation and enrichment of different non-ferrous metals.

[0006] Eddy current separation mainly relies on the different competitive relationships between the eddy current force on materials with different physical properties and other forces such as gravity, air resistance, Magnus force, etc., which causes differences in the movement trajectory and landing point position of the materials, thereby achieving separation. For the separation of non-ferrous metals, high grade is important. The factors affecting the separation grade between different non-ferrous metals include not only the difference in specific eddy current force and the difference in landing point position, but also the volatility of eddy current force. The smaller the volatility of eddy current force, the smaller the difference in eddy current force on particles when they enter the magnetic field continuously at different instants. This makes the trajectories of non-ferrous metal particles with the same physical properties closer and the landing point span smaller, which is conducive to improving the recovery grade of non-ferrous metals, especially for the separation of non-ferrous metal particles. The movement trajectory depends on the competitive relationship between the various forces on the particles, among which the most important eddy current force is generated by the magnetic roller.

[0007] The magnets of the existing eddy current separator magnetic roller can be divided into two arrangements in the circumferential direction: NS magnetic system and Halbach magnetic system, and the radial direction is a single-layer magnetic system structure. Under this magnetic system configuration, the difference in repulsion distance between different non-ferrous metals is small, and the eddy current force fluctuates greatly. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a vertical eddy current separation device with a radial double-layer magnetic roller, which optimizes the volatility of the magnetic roller and improves the difference in repulsion distance while ensuring that the magnetic field performance and the eddy current force are not weakened, so as to obtain a magnetic roller structure suitable for separation between non-ferrous metal particles and non-metallic particles, and for separation between different non-ferrous metal particles. The present invention designs a radial double-layer magnetic roller. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0009] A vertical eddy current sorting device with a radial double-layer magnetic roller comprises a frame, a storage bin, a material agitator, a material mixing plate, a permanent magnetic coupling, a radial double-layer magnetic roller, a motor, a multi-layer material flow channel, a collection trough and a collection conveyor belt; the storage bin is fixed on the top of the frame, a material agitator is arranged inside the storage bin, the material agitator is located above the material mixing plate, the material agitator is connected to the transmission shaft of the radial double-layer magnetic roller through a permanent magnetic coupling, and the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor; the material flow channel is arranged in the sorting area inside the frame, surrounding the outer side of the radial double-layer magnetic roller, at least two collection troughs are arranged on each side of the sorting device, respectively below the material flow channel and below the outer surface of the radial double-layer magnetic roller, and the collection conveyor belt is arranged directly below each collection trough to convey the sorted materials; the radial double-layer magnetic roller has inner and outer layers in its radial direction, which are NS magnetic system and Halbach magnetic system respectively, and the combination forms of the inner and outer magnetic system groups include three types, which are NH magnetic roller, HN magnetic roller and HH magnetic roller respectively;

[0010] The inner layer of the NH magnetic roller is the NS magnetic system, and the outer layer is the Halbach magnetic system; the inner layer of the HN magnetic roller is the Halbach magnetic system, and the outer layer is the NS magnetic system; the inner and outer layers of the HH magnetic roller are both Halbach magnetic systems, but one magnetic pole is staggered between the layers.

[0011] The structure of the NH magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system of the radial double-layer magnetic roller is the NS magnetic system, and the outer magnetic system of the radial double-layer magnetic roller is the Halbach magnetic system; the number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the outer Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the inner NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the outer Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent inner NS magnetic system;

[0012] The structure of the HN magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system is the Halbach magnetic system, and the outer magnetic system is the NS magnetic system; the number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the inner Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the outer NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the inner Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent outer NS magnetic system;

[0013] The structure of the HH magnetic roller is as follows: the inner and outer magnetic systems are both arranged in Halbach magnetic system; the number of magnetic pole pairs and blocks of the inner and outer layers are the same, and the main magnetic poles of the inner and outer magnetic systems correspond to the auxiliary magnetic poles of the other magnetic system respectively.

[0014] The preferred combination of the inner and outer magnetic system groups is an NH magnetic roller.

[0015] The radial double-layer magnetic roller is a hollow rib structure.

[0016] The rib-type magnetic roller shaft structure includes a transmission shaft, a back iron, a rib, a sleeve, a shell and multiple permanent magnet blocks; the transmission shaft is located at the center, the transmission shaft is connected to the back iron through the rib, and multiple permanent magnet blocks are arranged on the back iron by winding aviation carbon fiber, and the outside is wrapped and fixed by a sleeve.

[0017] The material flow channel has at least two layers, an upper layer and a lower layer.

[0018] A pulley is installed at the bottom of the aggregate trough, and the aggregate trough can move circumferentially according to the sorting requirements.

[0019] The aggregate trough is in the shape of an arc-shaped funnel that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0020] The discharge port at the bottom of the storage bin is annular, and a material agitator and a material mixing plate are arranged inside, and anti-clogging columns are arranged around the material mixing plate.

[0021] The rotation speed of the material mixing disc and the feeding screw can be changed by adjusting the air gap in the permanent magnetic coupling.

[0022] The vertical eddy current separation device with radial double-layer magnetic rollers of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The chassis shell can shield the high-intensity alternating magnetic field generated by the rotation of the permanent magnet roller to a certain extent, and can also prevent splashing and dust, thereby reducing the negative impact and safety hazards on workers or other equipment during the operation of the equipment.

[0024] (2) Compared with the single-layer Halbach magnetic roller or the single-layer NS magnetic roller, the radial and tangential repulsion distance differences of different non-ferrous metal particles of the NH type radial double-layer magnetic roller are increased by at least 132.42% and 22.56% respectively, and the radial eddy current force volatility coefficient is reduced by at least 88.43%, which can achieve clean and efficient sorting and separation between different non-ferrous metal particles.

[0025] (3) Compared with the single-layer Halbach magnetic roller or the single-layer NS magnetic roller, the radial and tangential eddy current forces generated by the NH type radial double-layer magnetic roller are increased by at least 4.8% and 13.7%, respectively, and the radial repulsion distances of Al, Cu and Ag particles are increased by at least 20.30%, 9.04% and 7.46%, respectively, which can significantly increase the difference in the trajectories of non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials, and is beneficial to the separation of non-ferrous metals and non-metals.

[0026] (4) Two layers of non-ferrous metal material channels are provided at different axial heights of the magnetic roller. The second layer of channels can effectively capture the non-ferrous metal materials missed during the sorting process of the first layer of channels due to collision and other reasons, thereby effectively improving the recovery rate.

[0027] (6) Compared with the existing magnetic roller, the axial distance of the magnetic roller is short, and the magnetic roller and the rotating shaft are connected by ribs, which is light in weight and has a small starting torque. It can reduce the requirements for bearings, improve the operating stability of the equipment, reduce vibration and noise during operation, and achieve high-speed operation.

[0028] (7) The short and hollow magnetic roller structure greatly reduces the amount of permanent magnets used, reduces the equipment manufacturing cost, and improves the dynamic performance of the magnetic roller.

[0029] (8) The overall height of the equipment is low, which is conducive to conveyor belt feeding; the material is transported to the material mixing plate under its own gravity and the action of the material agitator, and is evenly distributed by the material mixing plate. Anti-blocking columns are set on the edge of the material mixing plate to prevent blockage.

[0030] (9) The magnetic roller has a large radius, a long circumference, and a long feeding arc. Compared with the existing equipment, the processing capacity is greatly improved, which solves the problem of small processing capacity of the existing vertical eddy current sorting equipment.

[0031] (10) The aggregate trough has a relatively simple structure and a large material receiving range. Its circumferential position can be adjusted by the pulley at the bottom, thereby meeting the needs of sorting different mixed materials.

[0032] (11) A material collection conveyor belt device is arranged under each material collection trough, which makes the transportation of sorted materials convenient and has a high degree of automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural front view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet blocks of three radial double-layer magnetic rollers of the present invention;

[0036] 1-frame, 2-lower material flow channel, 3-upper material flow channel, 4-rib plate, 5-material agitator, 6-feeding conveyor belt, 7-storage bin, 8-mixing plate, 9-radial double-layer magnetic roller, 10-non-ferrous metal aggregate conveyor belt, 11-non-metallic aggregate conveyor belt, 12-permanent magnetic coupling, 13-motor, 14-drive shaft, 15-non-metallic aggregate trough, 16-non-ferrous metal aggregate trough, 17-back iron, 18-non-metallic material, 19-non-ferrous metal material, 20-inner magnetic system, 21-outer magnetic system, 22-anti-blocking column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention designs the radial magnetic system arrangement of the magnetic roller so that the non-ferrous metal material is subjected to a sufficiently large eddy current force, generates a sufficiently large repulsion distance, and promotes the separation of non-ferrous metals and non-metals; on this basis, by improving the eddy current force difference, the repulsion distance difference and the eddy current force volatility, the separation of different non-ferrous metal particles can be achieved. This technical solution can not only provide a new technical approach for the separation of different non-ferrous metals, but also effectively improve the grade and efficiency of non-ferrous metal eddy current separation. The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention includes a frame 1, a lower material flow channel 2, an upper material flow channel 3, a material agitator 5, a feed conveyor belt 6, a storage bin 7, a material leveling plate 8, a radial double-layer magnetic roller 9, a non-ferrous metal aggregate conveyor belt 10, a non-metallic aggregate conveyor belt 11, a permanent magnetic coupling 12, a motor 13, a non-metallic aggregate trough 15 and a non-ferrous metal aggregate trough 16. The frame 1 is provided with a modular chassis shell. The storage bin 7 is fixed on the top of the frame 1, and a material agitator 5 is arranged inside the storage bin 7. The material agitator 5 is fastened together with the material leveling plate 8. The lower end of the material agitator 5 is connected to the permanent magnetic coupling 12, and the other end of the permanent magnetic coupling 12 is connected to the transmission shaft of the radial double-layer magnetic roller 9. The transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor 13. The rotation speed of the material leveling plate 8 and the material agitator 5 can be changed by adjusting the air gap in the permanent magnetic coupling 12. The discharge port at the bottom of the storage bin 7 is in the shape of a flat-mouthed funnel, and the material mixing plate 8 is located below the discharge port of the storage bin 7. Anti-blocking columns 22 are arranged around the material mixing plate 8. The material flow channel is arranged in the sorting area inside the frame 1, outside the radial double-layer magnetic roller 9; at least two collection troughs (non-metallic collection trough 15 and non-ferrous metal collection trough 16) are arranged on each side of the sorting device, which are respectively arranged below the material flow channel and below the outer surface of the magnetic roller. The permanent magnet blocks of each layer on the radial double-layer magnetic roller 9 are arranged in the form of an NS magnetic system array. The non-ferrous metal mixture material mixed with at least two components is evenly distributed through the material agitator 5 and the material mixing plate 8, and then falls into the sorting area through the annular blanking gap. In the sorting area, due to the difference in conductivity / density between different non-ferrous metals and between non-ferrous metals and non-metals, the different non-ferrous metals and between non-ferrous metals and non-metals begin to separate. Non-ferrous metal particles are moved away from the surface of the magnetic roller under the action of radial and tangential eddy current forces and enter the non-ferrous metal aggregate trough along the material flow channel; non-metallic materials are not affected by eddy current forces. Without considering air resistance, they fall freely along the outer surface of the magnetic roller and fall into the non-metallic material aggregate trough.

[0039] The radial double-layer magnetic roller 9 includes a transmission shaft, a back iron, a rib plate, a stainless steel sleeve, an outer shell, and an inner and outer magnetic system. The transmission shaft is located at the center, and the outer shell is connected to the back iron through the rib plate. A plurality of permanent magnet blocks (double-layer magnetic system) are arranged on the back iron by winding with aviation carbon fiber, and the permanent magnet blocks are wrapped and fixed by the stainless steel sleeve. The outer shell is sleeved on the outside and does not rotate with the transmission shaft.

[0040] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the sorting device is provided with an inner non-metallic aggregate trough 15 and an outer non-ferrous metal aggregate trough 16. Each layer of aggregate trough is provided on the opposite side of the magnetic roller, and is used to contain the sorted non-ferrous metals or non-metals. The aggregate trough is surrounded by an arc plate with a certain circumferential angle, presenting a funnel shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. Since the circumferential deflection effect of the tangential eddy current force on the non-ferrous metal particles will cause the particles to deviate from a certain angle during the separation process, the circumferential angle of the non-ferrous metal aggregate trough 16 is set to be about twice that of the non-metallic aggregate trough 15, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in . A pulley is provided at the bottom of the aggregate trough, and the pulley can roll along the circumferential direction, so as to adjust the position of the aggregate trough according to different working conditions.

[0041] The radial double-layer magnetic roller 9 includes two layers of magnetic systems, the inner and outer layers, which are the NS magnetic system and the Halbach magnetic system. Figure 3 As shown, the permanent magnet block where the “→” mark is located is the secondary magnetic pole, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet block is the direction indicated by the arrow. The permanent magnet blocks where the “·” and “×” marks are located are the main magnetic poles, and “·” and “×” represent the magnetization directions from inside to outside and from outside to inside, respectively. When the magnetization directions of the permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the order of “→·←×→·←×→” on the cylindrical intersection line, the magnetic roller permanent magnet forms a one-dimensional cylindrical NS magnetic system array with an outer magnetic field enhancement on the intersection line; when the magnetization directions of the permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the order of “·×·×·×·” on the cylindrical intersection line, the magnetic roller permanent magnet forms an NS magnetic system on the intersection line. There are three types of combinations of inner and outer magnetic system groups, namely NH magnetic roller, HN magnetic roller and HH magnetic roller.

[0042] The structure of the NH magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system 20 of the radial double-layer magnetic roller is the NS magnetic system, and the outer magnetic system 21 of the radial double-layer magnetic roller is the Halbach magnetic system. The number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the outer Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the inner NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the outer Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent inner NS magnetic system.

[0043] The structure of the HN magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system 20 is a Halbach magnetic system, and the outer magnetic system 21 is a NS magnetic system. The number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the inner Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the outer NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the inner Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent outer NS magnetic system.

[0044] The structure of the HH magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system 20 and the outer magnetic system 21 are both arranged in Halbach magnetic system. The number of magnetic pole pairs and blocks of the inner and outer layers are the same, and the main magnetic poles of the inner and outer magnetic systems correspond to the auxiliary magnetic poles of the other magnetic system.

[0045] In addition, making the magnetic roller have a larger logarithm and radius can not only make it easier to achieve a higher alternating magnetic field frequency when the radial double-layer magnetic roller 9 rotates, but also greatly increase the processing capacity, and can effectively improve the sorting efficiency of the eddy current sorting device. The following takes the NH magnetic roller as an example to specifically explain the structure and effect of the radial double-layer magnetic roller.

[0046] Example

[0047] NH type radial double-layer magnetic roller includes shaft, ribs, back iron, magnetic block and shell. The shaft is located in the center of the magnetic roller and is connected to the back iron through ribs. The magnetic block is fixed on the back iron by winding with aviation carbon fiber. The surface of the magnetic block is covered with carbon fiber cloth, and the outermost is a glass fiber tube shell. Figure 3 As shown in (a), the outer magnetic system of the NH magnetic roller is a Halbach magnetic system, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the order of "→·←×→·←×→" in the circumferential direction of the magnetic roller. The inner magnetic system of the NH magnetic roller is an NS magnetic system, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the order of "·×·×·×·" in the circumferential direction of the magnetic roller. The number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the outer Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the inner NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the outer Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent inner NS magnetic system.

[0048] Reasonable magnetic system design can increase the rejection rate of non-ferrous metal particles, thereby improving the separation efficiency. On the one hand, the greater the difference in the repulsion distance between particles, the higher the separation grade between non-ferrous metals, so it is necessary to ensure that the magnetic roller can have a larger difference in the repulsion distance. In addition, the volatility of the eddy current force will have an important impact on the change in the motion trajectory of non-ferrous metal particles and the range of particle landing points. Eddy current forces with smaller variations can ensure consistent sorting effects at different moments, reduce material reflux and mixing during the sorting process, promote a more concentrated distribution of landing points for non-ferrous metal particles with the same physical properties, and improve the sorting grade. On the other hand, in order to achieve full separation of non-ferrous metals and other substances, it is necessary to ensure that the eddy current force and repulsion distance of non-ferrous metal particles are large enough.

[0049] In eddy current separation, eddy current force is the main driving force in the eddy current separation process. The magnetic induction intensity and frequency of the magnetic roller play a key role in the generation of eddy current force, and even directly affect the separation effect of non-ferrous metal particles. Under the same permanent magnet dosage conditions, the NS magnetic roller can generate a larger magnetic field frequency, which is conducive to the improvement of eddy current force. The Halbach magnetic roller can increase the magnetic induction intensity and thus improve the eddy current force, and the eddy current force and eddy current force volatility of the Halbach magnetic roller are better than those of the NS magnetic roller. Therefore, if the Halbach magnetic system is radially combined with the NS magnetic system that can generate a larger magnetic field frequency, it is expected to further improve the performance of the magnetic roller. According to the basic principles of permanent magnet magnetic circuit design, two permanent magnets of the same polarity are placed relative to each other, which will not only produce a mutually repelling distorted magnetic field, resulting in a decrease in magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux, thereby reducing the efficiency of the system, but also increase the instability of other components (such as iron cores or other magnets), reduce equipment life, and cause safety accidents. Therefore, when designing the permanent magnet magnetic circuit of the magnetic roller, it is necessary to avoid the relative arrangement of magnets with the same polarity, and to ensure that the conditions such as magnetic circuit closure, symmetrical design of magnetic poles, consistency between the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet and the design direction of the magnetic circuit, and uniform distribution of the load are met to avoid local magnetic saturation. According to the test, compared with the single-layer Halbach magnetic system magnetic roller or the single-layer NS magnetic system magnetic roller, the NH type magnetic roller of the present invention has the radial and tangential repulsion distance differences of different non-ferrous metal particles increased by 132.42% and 22.56%, respectively, and the radial eddy current force volatility coefficient is reduced by 88.43%, which can achieve clean and efficient sorting and separation between different non-ferrous metal particles. In addition, the radial and tangential eddy current forces generated by the NH type radial double-layer magnetic roller are increased by 4.8% and 13.7%, respectively, and the radial repulsion distances of Al, Cu and Ag particles are increased by 20.30%, 9.04% and 7.46%, respectively, which can significantly increase the difference between the trajectories of non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials, and is conducive to the separation of non-ferrous metals and non-metals.

[0050] The other two radial double-layer magnetic rollers, HN magnetic roller and HH magnetic roller, also have the effect of increasing the difference between radial and tangential repulsion distances and increasing radial and tangential eddy current forces relative to single-layer NS magnetic roller or single-layer NS magnetic roller.

[0051] The vertical eddy current separation device with radial double-layer magnetic rollers of the present invention can be used for separation of different non-ferrous metal particles, and can also be used for separation of non-ferrous metal particles and non-metal particles. In practical applications, the separation device of the present invention can separate a mixture of different non-ferrous metals into a single non-ferrous metal material, and can also separate a mixture of a non-ferrous metal and a non-metal into non-ferrous metals and other materials.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the concept of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a storage bin, a material agitator, a material mixing plate, a permanent magnetic coupling, a radial double-layer magnetic roller, a motor, a multi-layer material flow channel, a material collecting trough and a material collecting conveyor belt; the material bin is fixed on the top of the frame, a material agitator is arranged inside the storage bin, the material agitator is located above the material mixing plate, the material agitator is connected to the transmission shaft of the radial double-layer magnetic roller through a permanent magnetic coupling, and the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor; The material flow channel is arranged in the sorting area inside the frame, surrounding the outer side of the radial double-layer magnetic roller. At least two collecting troughs are arranged on each side of the sorting device, respectively below the material flow channel and below the outer surface of the radial double-layer magnetic roller. The collecting conveyor belt is arranged directly below each collecting trough to convey the sorted materials. The radial double-layer magnetic roller has two inner and outer layers in its radial direction, which are NS magnetic system and Halbach magnetic system respectively. There are three types of combinations of the inner and outer magnetic system groups, which are NH magnetic roller, HN magnetic roller and HH magnetic roller respectively. The inner layer of the NH magnetic roller is the NS magnetic system, and the outer layer is the Halbach magnetic system; the inner layer of the HN magnetic roller is the Halbach magnetic system, and the outer layer is the NS magnetic system; the inner and outer layers of the HH magnetic roller are both Halbach magnetic systems, but one magnetic pole is staggered between the layers.

2. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structure of the NH magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system of the radial double-layer magnetic roller is the NS magnetic system, and the outer magnetic system of the radial double-layer magnetic roller is the Halbach magnetic system; the number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the outer Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the inner NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the outer Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent inner NS magnetic system; The structure of the HN magnetic roller is as follows: the inner magnetic system is the Halbach magnetic system, and the outer magnetic system is the NS magnetic system; the number of magnetic pole pairs of the inner and outer magnetic systems is the same, the number of magnetic pole blocks of the inner Halbach magnetic system is twice that of the outer NS magnetic system, and the magnetization direction of the main magnetic pole of the inner Halbach magnetic system is the same as that of the adjacent outer NS magnetic system; The structure of the HH magnetic roller is as follows: the inner and outer magnetic systems are both arranged in Halbach magnetic system; the number of magnetic pole pairs and blocks of the inner and outer layers are the same, and the main magnetic poles of the inner and outer magnetic systems correspond to the auxiliary magnetic poles of the other magnetic system respectively.

3. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimal combination of the inner and outer magnetic system groups is the NH magnetic roller.

4. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial double-layer magnetic roller is a hollow rib plate structure.

5. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rib-type rotating shaft magnetic roller structure includes a transmission shaft, a back iron, a rib, a sleeve, an outer shell and multiple permanent magnet blocks; the transmission shaft is located at the center, the transmission shaft is connected to the back iron through the rib, and multiple permanent magnet blocks are arranged on the back iron by winding aviation carbon fiber, and the outside is wrapped and fixed by a sleeve.

6. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material flow channel has at least two layers, an upper layer and a lower layer.

7. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pulley is installed at the bottom of the aggregate trough, and the aggregate trough can move circumferentially according to the sorting requirements.

8. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aggregate trough is in the shape of an arc-shaped funnel that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

9. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port at the bottom of the storage bin is annular, and a material agitator and a material mixing plate are arranged inside, and anti-clogging columns are arranged around the material mixing plate.

10. The vertical eddy current separator with radial double-layer magnetic rollers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the material mixing disc and the feeding screw can be changed by adjusting the air gap in the permanent magnetic coupling.

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