A moving-column CNC gantry milling machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a moving-column type numerically controlled gantry milling machine, belonging to the technical field of machining, including: a base, on the upper surface of the base, a three-axis linkage mechanism is fixedly installed, one end of the vertical moving block of the three-axis linkage mechanism is fixedly installed with a first motor, one end of the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly installed with a milling cutter, U-shaped housings are fixedly installed at both ends of the base, a placing and supporting mechanism is installed and driven inside the two U-shaped housings, a discharging and clamping mechanism is fixedly installed at one end inside the base, and a material receiving mechanism is rotatably installed between the insides of the base. Through the design of the placing and supporting mechanism and the discharging and clamping mechanism, the present application enables the automatic processing of continuous feeding, processing and discharging of plates, without the need for manual frequent loading and unloading operations, greatly saving time, improving the production rhythm, enabling continuous operation for 24 hours, and effectively improving the overall production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly to a moving-column CNC gantry milling machine. Background Art

[0002] A milling machine mainly refers to a machine tool for machining various surfaces of a workpiece with a milling cutter. Usually, the rotational movement of the milling cutter is the main movement, and the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter is the feed movement. It can machine planes, grooves, and can also machine various curved surfaces, gears, etc. A milling machine is a machine tool for milling a workpiece with a milling cutter. In addition to milling planes, grooves, gear teeth, threads, and spline shafts, a milling machine can also machine relatively complex profiles, with higher efficiency than a planer, and is widely used in the machinery manufacturing and repair departments. On a milling machine, planes (horizontal planes, vertical planes), grooves (keyways, T-shaped grooves, dovetail grooves, etc.), tooth-dividing parts (gears, spline shafts, sprockets), helical surfaces (threads, helical grooves), and various curved surfaces can be machined. In addition, it can also be used for machining the surface of a rotating body, internal holes, and cutting work, etc. When the milling machine is working, the workpiece is installed on the workbench or accessories such as a dividing head, the rotation of the milling cutter is the main movement, supplemented by the feed movement of the workbench or the milling head, and the workpiece can obtain the required machined surface. Due to multi-edge interrupted cutting, the productivity of the milling machine is relatively high. Simply put, a milling machine is a machine tool that can perform milling, drilling, and boring operations on a workpiece.

[0003] For example, the patent with the publication number CN218017429U discloses a multi-functional milling machine, including a milling machine control base, a rear lifting assembly, an extended support arm, a drilling drive assembly, a fixed sleeve, a lifting and rotating frame structure, a locking bolt, a positioning reminder frame structure, a tapered end indicating frame structure, a lifting adjustment handle, a processing milling cutter, a workpiece processing table, a transverse rotation handle, and a support pad. The rear lifting assembly is bolted to the upper rear end of the milling machine control base; the extended support arm is installed on the upper front end of the rear lifting assembly; the drilling drive assembly is bolted to the front end of the extended support arm. Through the setting of the tapered end tip and the pressure sensor, it is beneficial to cooperate with the tapered end at the lower part of the tapered end tip and the pressure sensor, so that the device can perform dotting on the workpiece surface, and at the same time, it can also position the drilling position of the workpiece, and there is no need for the drill bit to touch the workpiece surface.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned multi-functional milling machine does not have the function of continuously feeding, machining, and discharging plates, which limits the application of the milling machine on the automated production line and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale and high-efficiency production, resulting in frequent pauses during the production process and making it difficult to form a stable and efficient machining rhythm. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a moving-column numerically controlled gantry milling machine to solve the problem of the lack of continuous feeding, processing and discharging operations for plates as mentioned in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A moving-column numerically controlled gantry milling machine, comprising: a base, on the upper surface of which a three-axis linkage mechanism is fixedly installed, one end of the vertical moving block of the three-axis linkage mechanism is fixedly installed with a first motor, and one end of the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly installed with a milling cutter;

[0008] Among them, U-shaped housings are fixedly installed at both ends of the base, and a placing and supporting mechanism is installed in the two U-shaped housings in a transmission manner, so that the upper surface between the two placing and supporting mechanisms can be used for placing plates, and the plate placed between the two placing and supporting mechanisms can abut against one end of a positioning plate. The positioning plate is fixedly installed on both sides inside the base, and a discharging clamping mechanism is fixedly installed at one end inside the base. The discharging clamping mechanism can extend through between the two placing and supporting mechanisms and can be retracted to press against the other end of the plate, so as to clamp the plate between the positioning plate and the discharging clamping mechanism;

[0009] Among them, the processed plate can be driven to be lifted by the placing and supporting mechanism, and the discharging clamping mechanism is pulled back to its original position. Subsequently, the placing and supporting mechanism can drive the plate to return to its original position and the discharging clamping mechanism can push it onto the upper surface of the receiving mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic discharging. The receiving mechanism is rotatably installed between the inside of the base.

[0010] Preferably, the receiving mechanism can enclose the inside of the base through vertical lifting, so as to block the processed debris inside.

[0011] Preferably, blowers are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer surface of the base. One end of the air outlet of the blower is connected and installed with an air duct, and the other end of the air duct is connected and installed with an air knife. The air knife is fixedly installed between the two positioning plates and is located at the upper end of the discharging clamping mechanism. The air outlet of the air knife can be flush with the surface of the plate, so that the air knife can blow the debris generated during processing into the receiving mechanism for centralized storage.

[0012] Preferably, the three-axis linkage mechanism includes two groups of first guide rails, the two groups of first guide rails are fixedly installed on the base, two groups of first limit wheels are rolled on the upper and lower surfaces of the first guide rail, and the four groups of first limit wheels are rotatably installed at one end of the first connecting plate. A second guide rail is fixedly installed between the two groups of first connecting plates. Two groups of second limit wheels are rotatably installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the second guide rail, and the four groups of second limit wheels are rotatably installed at one end of the second connecting plate. A first linear module is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting plate, and a first motor is fixedly installed at one end of the moving block of the first linear module.

[0013] Preferably, a second motor is fixedly installed at one end of the first connecting plate. The output shaft of the second motor rotates through the first connecting plate and a first gear is fixedly installed at the end. The first gear meshes with the first toothed plate, and the first toothed plate is fixedly installed at the inner end of the first guide rail;

[0014] Among them, a third motor is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting plate. The output shaft of the third motor rotates through the second connecting plate and a second gear is fixedly installed at the end. The second gear meshes with the second toothed plate, and the second toothed plate is fixedly installed at one end of the upper surface of the second guide rail. In this way, the second motor and the third motor can drive the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate through the first gear and the second gear, and drive the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate to slide horizontally in the transverse and longitudinal directions on the outer surfaces of the first guide rail and the second guide rail respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the placing and supporting mechanism includes a plurality of docking plates. The plurality of docking plates are fixedly installed in the U-shaped housing at equal intervals. A conveyor belt is installed in transmission between every two groups of docking plates. A triangular plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the conveyor belt through bolts. The triangular plate slides through the U-shaped housing to the inner end of the base, so that the plates can be placed and supported between two horizontally opposite triangular plates.

[0016] Preferably, a Y-shaped frame is fixedly installed between every two groups of docking plates. A double-shaft motor is fixedly installed in the Y-shaped frame. The output shaft of the double-shaft motor rotates through the docking plate and is fixedly connected to the transmission column in the conveyor belt.

[0017] Preferably, the unloading and clamping mechanism includes a fastening block. The fastening block is fixedly installed at one end inside the base. Two groups of electric push rods are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fastening block. Two groups of scissor expansion frames are rotatably installed at one end of the fastening block. The middle end of the upper surface of the scissor expansion frame is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the electric push rod, so that the scissor expansion frame can be extended and contracted by the push and pull of the electric push rod.

[0018] Preferably, a pressure contact wheel is rotatably installed at the other end of the scissor expansion frame, so that the scissor expansion frame can drive the pressure contact wheel to slide through from the bottom of the plate by extension, and can drive the pressure contact wheel to press and clamp at the other end of the plate by pulling back, so as to press and clamp the plate between the pressure contact wheel and the positioning plate.

[0019] Preferably, the material receiving mechanism includes two groups of second linear modules. The two groups of second linear modules are fixedly installed at both ends of the base, and a U-shaped material receiving tray is rotatably installed between the moving blocks of the two groups of second linear modules. A roller is rotatably installed on the lower surface of the U-shaped material receiving tray, so that the U-shaped material receiving tray can enclose the base through the sliding of the roller by the lifting of the second linear module;

[0020] Among them, the lifted U-shaped material receiving tray can block the debris inside, and can receive the blown-off debris through the storage hopper fixedly installed at the inner end.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. Through the design of the blower, air knife, positioning plate, first motor, placing mechanism, three-axis linkage mechanism, material receiving mechanism and unloading and clamping mechanism, during use, a forklift can place multiple groups of plates between the placing mechanisms. Subsequently, the placing mechanism can be started to drive the plates to rise a specific height. Then, the unloading and clamping mechanism and the material receiving mechanism can be started. The unloading and clamping mechanism can extend from the lower end of the topmost plate. Subsequently, the placing mechanism can be driven to drive the plates to descend back to the original position. The placing mechanism can drive the top plate to press against the surface of the unloading and clamping mechanism to support it. The unloading and clamping mechanism can clamp the top plate between the positioning plate and the unloading and clamping mechanism through pulling back for positioning, and be flush with the air outlet of the air knife. The started material receiving mechanism can achieve the enclosure inside the base through vertical lifting. Subsequently, the three-axis linkage mechanism can drive the first motor to perform cutting processing operations on the plates according to the set path;

[0023] Among them, during the process of processing the sheet material, the blower can be started simultaneously to supply air into the air knife through the air duct. As a result, the air knife can blow the chips cut from the sheet material to one end of the material receiving mechanism, where they are blocked and then fall into the material receiving mechanism for centralized storage. After the sheet material is processed, the supporting and placing mechanism can drive the sheet material to rise by a specific height again, and the unloading clamping mechanism can be pulled back from the bottom of the sheet material. Subsequently, the supporting and placing mechanism and the material receiving mechanism can be started simultaneously. The supporting and placing mechanism can drive the sheet material to descend back to its original position, and the material receiving mechanism can descend vertically and be extended into an inclined sliding shape. Then, the unloading clamping mechanism can be started to push the sheet material from the surface of the supporting and placing mechanism to the upper surface of the material receiving mechanism through extension to achieve the purpose of unloading. After the first group of sheet materials is processed, the supporting and placing mechanism can be started again to drive another group of sheet materials in the lower layer to be pushed to a height higher than the unloading clamping mechanism, and the unloading clamping mechanism can extend from the lower end of the sheet material again. Subsequently, the supporting and placing mechanism can be started again to drive the sheet material to a height flush with the first group of sheet materials, and the unloading clamping mechanism can clamp it by pulling back. By repeating this process, the automated processing of continuous feeding, processing, and unloading of sheet materials is achieved. There is no need for manual frequent loading and unloading operations, which greatly saves time, improves the production rhythm, can operate continuously for 24 hours, and effectively improves the overall production efficiency.

[0024] 2. Through the design of the conveyor belt, triangular plates, double-shaft motor, second motor, third motor, first gear, second gear, first toothed plate, and second toothed plate, during use, the forklift can place multiple groups of sheet materials between multiple horizontally opposite triangular plates. Subsequently, the double-shaft motor can be started to drive the conveyor belt to drive the sheet materials placed on the upper surface of the triangular plates to rise by a specific height for the unloading clamping mechanism to extend from the lower end of the topmost sheet material and clamp it between the positioning plate and the unloading clamping mechanism. Then, the second motor, third motor, and first linear module can be started according to the set path. The second motor and third motor can drive the first gear and second gear to mesh and drive the first toothed plate and second toothed plate, driving the first connecting plate and second connecting plate to slide horizontally and longitudinally on the outer surfaces of the first guide rail and second guide rail respectively, which can drive the first motor to slide horizontally and longitudinally. The first linear module can drive the milling cutter of the first motor to perform cutting on the sheet material at different depths. Among them, the double-shaft motor drives the conveyor belt to drive the loaded sheet materials to rise automatically, realizing the automated loading process, reducing the time for manual handling and positioning, effectively connecting the processing links, and greatly improving the production rhythm. Driving the first motor to slide horizontally and longitudinally and the milling cutter to perform cutting at different depths realizes multi-axis simultaneous operation, and the motion control is through the meshing transmission of gears and toothed plates, making the motion of the first motor more stable and accurate, reducing vibration and deviation, ensuring the stability of the milling cutter during cutting, and helping to improve the surface quality of the processing.

[0025] 3. Through the design of the second linear module, U-shaped material receiving tray, storage hopper, scissor expansion frame, electric push rod and pressure contact wheel, after the plate placed on the upper surface of the triangular plate is driven to rise by a specific height, the electric push rod can be started to push the scissor expansion frame to extend from the lower end of the plate to the other end. Subsequently, the double-shaft motor can drive the triangular plate on the outer surface of the conveyor belt to drive the plate placed on the upper surface to descend back to the original position. The triangular plate can drive the plate on the top to press against the surface of the extended scissor expansion frame to support it. Subsequently, the electric push rod can be started again to pull back the scissor expansion frame to drive the pressure contact wheel at the end to press against the other end of the plate, and through pulling back, the plate can be accurately clamped between the positioning plate and the pressure contact wheel for positioning, which can ensure the accurate position of the plate during the processing, thereby improving the processing accuracy and making it flush with the air outlet of the air knife. Subsequently, the second linear module can be started to drive the U-shaped material receiving tray between the moving blocks to rise. The lifted U-shaped material receiving tray can enclose the base through the sliding of the rollers at the lower end. Subsequently, the first motor can perform the cutting processing operation on the plate according to the set path. During the processing of the plate, the blower can be started together to supply air to the air knife. Furthermore, the air knife can blow the cut debris off the surface of the plate and be blocked by the flipped U-shaped material receiving tray. The blocked debris can fall into the storage hopper arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped material receiving tray for centralized storage. Furthermore, the cleanliness of the processing area is maintained, the interference of debris on the processing is reduced, and the potential hazards of debris to the equipment and operators are avoided, improving the safety and reliability of the processing. Until the plate is processed, the triangular plate can drive the plate to rise by a specific height again, and the scissor expansion frame can drive the pressure contact wheel to pull back from the bottom of the plate. Subsequently, the second linear module, double-shaft motor and electric push rod can be started together. The double-shaft motor can drive the plate on the upper surface of the triangular plate to descend back to the original position, and the second linear module can drive the U-shaped material receiving tray to descend vertically and be extended into an inclined sliding shape. Subsequently, the started electric push rod can push the scissor expansion frame to drive the pressure contact wheel to push the plate from the surface of the triangular plate to the upper surface of the U-shaped material receiving tray to achieve the purpose of receiving and guiding the unloading, avoiding the collision and damage of the plate during the unloading process and ensuring the integrity of the plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the moving-column type CNC gantry milling machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material receiving mechanism enclosing the base of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blower of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unloading clamping mechanism contracting of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the three-axis linkage mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A in;

[0032] Figure 7 is Figure 5 Enlarged structural schematic diagram at position B in;

[0033] Figure 8 is Figure 5 Enlarged structural schematic diagram at position C in;

[0034] Figure 9 is Figure 5 Enlarged structural schematic diagram at position D in;

[0035] Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the placement mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 Structural schematic diagram of the unloading and clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 Structural schematic diagram of the material receiving mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, base; 101, U-shaped housing; 102, blower; 103, air duct; 104, air knife; 105, positioning plate; 106, first motor; 2, placement mechanism; 201, docking plate; 202, conveyor belt; 203, triangular plate; 204, double-shaft motor; 205, Y-shaped frame; 3, three-axis linkage mechanism; 301, first connecting plate; 302, second motor; 303, first gear; 304, first toothed plate; 305, third motor; 306, second gear; 307, second toothed plate; 308, second guide rail; 309, first linear module; 310, first guide rail; 311, second limit wheel; 312, second limit wheel; 313, second connecting plate; 4, material receiving mechanism; 401, second linear module; 402, U-shaped material receiving tray; 403, roller; 404, storage hopper; 5, unloading and clamping mechanism; 501, scissor expansion frame; 502, electric push rod; 503, pressure contact wheel; 504, fastening block. Specific embodiments

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, this embodiment provides a moving-column CNC gantry milling machine, including: a base 1, on the upper surface of the base 1, a three-axis linkage mechanism 3 is fixedly installed. One end of the vertical moving block of the three-axis linkage mechanism 3 is fixedly installed with a first motor 106, and one end of the output shaft of the first motor 106 is fixedly installed with a milling cutter;

[0041] Wherein, U-shaped sheaths 101 are fixedly installed at both ends of the base 1, and a placing mechanism 2 is installed inside the two groups of U-shaped sheaths 101 in a driving manner, so that the upper surface between the two groups of placing mechanisms 2 can be used for placing a plate, and the plate placed between the two groups of placing mechanisms 2 can abut against one end of a positioning plate 105. The positioning plate 105 is fixedly installed on both sides inside the base 1. A discharging and clamping mechanism 5 is fixedly installed at one end inside the base 1. The discharging and clamping mechanism 5 can extend through between the two groups of placing mechanisms 2 and can be pressed against the other end of the plate by pulling back, so as to clamp the plate between the positioning plate 105 and the discharging and clamping mechanism 5;

[0042] Wherein, the processed plate can be driven to be lifted by the placing mechanism 2, and the discharging and clamping mechanism 5 is pulled back to its original position. Subsequently, the placing mechanism 2 can drive the plate to return to its original position and the discharging and clamping mechanism 5 can push it onto the upper surface of the receiving mechanism 4, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic discharging. The receiving mechanism 4 is rotatably installed between the inside of the base 1.

[0043] Wherein, the receiving mechanism 4 can enclose the inside of the base 1 by vertical lifting, so as to block the processed debris inside. Blowers 102 are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer surface of the base 1. One end of the air outlet of the blower 102 is connected and installed with an air duct 103, and the other end of the air duct 103 is connected and installed with an air knife 104. The air knife 104 is fixedly installed between the two groups of positioning plates 105 and is located at the upper end of the discharging and clamping mechanism 5. The air outlet of the air knife 104 can be flush with the surface of the plate, so that the air knife 104 can blow the debris generated by processing into the receiving mechanism 4 for centralized storage.

[0044] Through the design of the blower 102, air knife 104, positioning plate 105, first motor 106, placing mechanism 2, three-axis linkage mechanism 3, material receiving mechanism 4 and unloading clamping mechanism 5, during use, a forklift can place multiple groups of plates between the placing mechanisms 2. Subsequently, the placing mechanism 2 can be started to drive the plates to rise a specific height. Then, the unloading clamping mechanism 5 and the material receiving mechanism 4 can be started. The unloading clamping mechanism 5 can extend from the lower end of the topmost plate. Subsequently, the placing mechanism 2 can be driven to lower the plates back to the original position, enabling the placing mechanism 2 to drive the top plate to press against the surface of the unloading clamping mechanism 5 to support it, allowing the unloading clamping mechanism 5 to clamp the top plate between the positioning plate 105 and the unloading clamping mechanism 5 through pulling back for positioning and being flush with the air outlet of the air knife 104. The started material receiving mechanism 4 can enclose the inside of the base 1 through vertical lifting. Subsequently, the three-axis linkage mechanism 3 can drive the first motor 106 to perform cutting processing operations on the plates according to the set path;

[0045] Among them, during the processing of the plates, the blower 102 can be started simultaneously to supply air to the air knife 104 through the air duct 103. Thus, the air knife 104 can blow the chips cut from the plates to one end of the material receiving mechanism 4 to be blocked inside. The blocked chips can then fall into the material receiving mechanism 4 for centralized storage. Until the plates are processed, the placing mechanism 2 can be driven to drive the plates to rise a specific height again, and the unloading clamping mechanism 5 can be pulled back from the bottom of the plates. Subsequently, the placing mechanism 2 and the material receiving mechanism 4 can be started simultaneously. The placing mechanism 2 can drive the plates to lower back to the original position, and the material receiving mechanism 4 can be vertically lowered and extended into an inclined sliding shape. Subsequently, the unloading clamping mechanism 5 can be started to push the plates from the surface of the placing mechanism 2 to the upper surface of the material receiving mechanism 4 through extension to achieve the purpose of unloading. After the processing of the first group of plates is completed, the placing mechanism 2 can be started again to drive another group of lower plates to be pushed to a height higher than the unloading clamping mechanism 5. The unloading clamping mechanism 5 can extend from the lower end of the plates again. Subsequently, the placing mechanism 2 can be started again to drive the plates to a height flush with the first group of plates, and the unloading clamping mechanism 5 can clamp it through pulling back. In this way, the continuous feeding, processing, and unloading of the plates are realized automatically, without the need for manual frequent loading and unloading operations, greatly saving time, improving the production rhythm, enabling 24-hour continuous operation, and effectively improving the overall production efficiency.

[0046] Such as Figures 5 - 6As shown in the figure, the three-axis linkage mechanism 3 includes two groups of first guide rails 310. The two groups of first guide rails 310 are fixedly installed on the base 1. Two groups of first limiting wheels 311 roll on the upper and lower surfaces of the first guide rail 310. The four first limiting wheels 311 are rotatably installed at one end of the first connecting plate 301. A second guide rail 308 is fixedly installed between the two first connecting plates 301. Two groups of second limiting wheels 312 are rotatably installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the second guide rail 308. The four second limiting wheels 312 are rotatably installed at one end of the second connecting plate 313. A first linear module 309 is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting plate 313. A first motor 106 is fixedly installed at one end of the moving block of the first linear module 309. A second motor 302 is fixedly installed at one end of the first connecting plate 301. The output shaft of the second motor 302 rotates through the first connecting plate 301 and a first gear 303 is fixedly installed at the end. The first gear 303 meshes with a first toothed plate 304. The first toothed plate 304 is fixedly installed at the inner end of the first guide rail 310;

[0047] Among them, a third motor 305 is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting plate 313. The output shaft of the third motor 305 rotates through the second connecting plate 313 and a second gear 306 is fixedly installed at the end. The second gear 306 meshes with a second toothed plate 307. The second toothed plate 307 is fixedly installed at one end of the upper surface of the second guide rail 308. In this way, the second motor 302 and the third motor 305 can drive the first toothed plate 304 and the second toothed plate 307 through the first gear 303 and the second gear 306, driving the first connecting plate 301 and the second connecting plate 313 to slide horizontally in the transverse and longitudinal directions on the outer surfaces of the first guide rail 310 and the second guide rail 308 respectively.

[0048] Among them, the placing mechanism 2 includes multiple groups of docking plates 201. The multiple groups of docking plates 201 are fixedly installed at equal distances in the U-shaped housing 101. A conveyor belt 202 is installed in transmission between every two groups of docking plates 201. A triangular plate 203 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the conveyor belt 202 through bolts. The triangular plate 203 slides through the U-shaped housing 101 to the inner end of the base 1. In this way, the plates can be placed between two horizontally opposite triangular plates 203.

[0049] Among them, a Y-shaped frame 205 is fixedly installed between every two groups of docking plates 201. A dual-axis motor 204 is fixedly installed in the Y-shaped frame 205. The output shaft of the dual-axis motor 204 rotates through the docking plate 201 and is fixedly connected to the transmission column in the conveyor belt 202.

[0050] Through the design of the conveyor belt 202, triangular plates 203, dual-axis motor 204, second motor 302, third motor 305, first gear 303, second gear 306, first toothed plate 304, and second toothed plate 307, during use, the forklift can place multiple groups of plates between multiple horizontally opposed triangular plates 203. Subsequently, the dual-axis motor 204 can be started to drive the conveyor belt 202 to drive the plates placed on the upper surface of the triangular plates 203 to rise a specific height for the unloading and clamping mechanism 5 to extend from the lower end of the topmost plate and clamp it between the positioning plate 105 and the unloading and clamping mechanism 5. Subsequently, the second motor 302, third motor 305, and first linear module 309 can be started according to the set path. The second motor 302 and third motor 305 can drive the first gear 303 and second gear 306 to meshingly drive the first toothed plate 304 and second toothed plate 307, driving the first connecting plate 301 and second connecting plate 313 to horizontally slide transversely and longitudinally on the outer surfaces of the first guide rail 310 and second guide rail 308 respectively, thereby driving the first motor 106 to horizontally slide transversely and longitudinally. The first linear module 309 can drive the milling cutter of the first motor 106 to cut the plate at different depths. Among them, the dual-axis motor 204 drives the conveyor belt 202 to drive the filled plates to automatically rise, realizing an automated feeding process, reducing the time for manual handling and positioning, effectively connecting the processing links, and greatly improving the production rhythm. Driving the first motor 106 to horizontally slide transversely and longitudinally and the milling cutter to cut at different depths realizes multi-axis simultaneous operation, and the motion control is through the meshing drive of gears and toothed plates, making the movement of the first motor 106 more stable and precise, reducing vibration and deviation, ensuring the stability of the milling cutter during the cutting process, and contributing to improving the machining surface quality.

[0051] As Figures 7 - 12 shown, the unloading and clamping mechanism 5 includes a fastening block 504, which is fixedly installed at one end inside the base 1. Two electric push rods 502 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fastening block 504. Two scissor-type telescopic frames 501 are rotatably installed at one end of the fastening block 504. The middle end part of the upper surface of the scissor-type telescopic frame 501 is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the electric push rod 502, so that the scissor-type telescopic frame 501 can extend and contract through the push and pull of the electric push rod 502. A pressure contact wheel 503 is rotatably installed at the other end of the scissor-type telescopic frame 501, enabling the scissor-type telescopic frame 501 to drive the pressure contact wheel 503 to slide through from the bottom of the plate by extension and drive the pressure contact wheel 503 to clamp the other end of the plate by retraction, thereby realizing clamping the plate between the pressure contact wheel 503 and the positioning plate 105.

[0052] Among them, the material receiving mechanism 4 includes two groups of second linear modules 401, the two groups of second linear modules 401 are fixedly installed at both ends of the base 1, and a C-shaped material receiving tray 402 is rotatably installed between the moving blocks of the two groups of second linear modules 401, and a roller 403 is rotatably installed on the lower surface of the C-shaped material receiving tray 402, so that the C-shaped material receiving tray 402 can be pulled by the second linear module 401 to surround the base 1 through the sliding of the roller 403, the pulled C-shaped material receiving tray 402 can block the debris inside, and can receive the scavenged debris through the storage hopper 404 fixedly installed at one end of the inner side.

[0053] Through the design of the second linear module 401, U-shaped material receiving tray 402, storage hopper 404, scissor expansion frame 501, electric push rod 502 and pressure contact wheel 503, after the plate placed on the upper surface of the triangular plate 203 is driven to rise a specific height, the electric push rod 502 can be started to push the scissor expansion frame 501 to extend from the lower end of the plate to the other end. Subsequently, the double-shaft motor 204 can drive the triangular plate 203 on the outer surface of the conveyor belt 202 to drive the plate placed on the upper surface to descend back to the original position. The triangular plate 203 can drive the plate at the top to press on the surface of the extended scissor expansion frame 501 to support it. Subsequently, the electric push rod 502 can be started again to pull back the scissor expansion frame 501 to drive the pressure contact wheel 503 at the end to press against the other end of the plate, and through pulling back, the plate can be accurately clamped between the positioning plate 105 and the pressure contact wheel 503 for positioning, which can ensure the accurate position of the plate during the processing, thereby improving the processing accuracy and being flush with the air outlet of the air knife 104. Subsequently, the second linear module 401 can be started to drive the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 between the moving blocks to rise. The lifted U-shaped material receiving tray 402 can enclose the base 1 through the sliding of the rollers 403 at the lower end. Subsequently, the first motor 106 can perform cutting processing operations on the plate according to the set path. During the processing of the plate, the blower 102 can be started simultaneously to supply air to the air knife 104. Furthermore, the air knife 104 can blow the cut debris off the surface of the plate and be blocked by the flipped U-shaped material receiving tray 402. The blocked debris can fall into the storage hopper 404 provided at the lower end of the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 for centralized storage, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the processing area, reducing the interference of debris on the processing, and also avoiding the potential hazards of debris to the equipment and operators, improving the safety and reliability of the processing. Until the plate is processed, the triangular plate 203 can drive the plate to rise a specific height again, and the scissor expansion frame 501 can drive the pressure contact wheel 503 to pull back from the bottom of the plate. Subsequently, the second linear module 401, double-shaft motor 204 and electric push rod 502 can be started simultaneously. The double-shaft motor 204 can drive the plate on the upper surface of the triangular plate 203 to descend back to the original position, and the second linear module 401 can drive the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 to descend vertically and be extended into an inclined sliding shape. Subsequently, the started electric push rod 502 can push the scissor expansion frame 501 to expand and drive the pressure contact wheel 503 to push the plate from the surface of the triangular plate 203 to the upper surface of the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 to achieve the purpose of receiving and guiding the unloading, avoiding the collision and damage of the plate during the unloading process and ensuring the integrity of the plate.

[0054] Summarize and sort out the working steps of this solution according to the above technical solution: When in use, the forklift can place multiple groups of plates between multiple horizontally opposite triangular plates 203. Subsequently, the double-shaft motor 204 can be started to drive the conveyor belt 202 to drive the plates placed on the upper surface of the triangular plate 203 to rise a specific height, and then the electric push rod 502 can be started. The electric push rod 502 pushes the scissor telescopic frame 501 to extend from the lower end of the plate to the other end. Subsequently, the triangular plate 203 on the outer surface of the conveyor belt 202 driven by the double-shaft motor 204 can drive the plates placed on the upper surface to descend back to the original position, enabling the triangular plate 203 to drive the plates at the top to press against the surface of the extended scissor telescopic frame 501 to support it. Subsequently, the electric push rod 502 can be started again to pull back the scissor telescopic frame 501 to drive the pressing wheel 503 at the end to press against the other end of the plate, and through pulling back, the plate can be accurately pressed and clamped between the positioning plate 105 and the pressing wheel 503 for positioning and be flush with the air outlet of the air knife 104. Subsequently, the second linear module 401 can be started to lift the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 between the moving blocks. The lifted U-shaped material receiving tray 402 can enclose the base 1 through the sliding of the rollers 403 at the lower end. Subsequently, the second motor 302, the third motor 305, and the first linear module 309 can be started according to the set path. The second motor 302 and the third motor 305 can drive the first gear 303 and the second gear 306 to engage and drive the first toothed plate 304 and the second toothed plate 307, driving the first connecting plate 301 and the second connecting plate 313 to slide horizontally and longitudinally on the outer surfaces of the first guide rail 310 and the second guide rail 308 respectively, which can drive the first motor 106 to slide horizontally and longitudinally. The first linear module 309 can drive the milling cutter of the first motor 106 to cut the plate at different depths. And during the process of processing the plate, the blower 102 can be started simultaneously to supply air into the air knife 104 through the air duct 103, so that the air knife 104 can blow the cut debris off the surface of the plate and be blocked by the flipped U-shaped material receiving tray 402. The blocked debris can fall into the storage hopper 404 provided at the lower end of the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 for centralized storage. Until the plate is processed, the triangular plate 203 can drive the plate to rise a specific height again, and the scissor telescopic frame 501 can drive the pressing wheel 503 to pull back from the bottom of the plate. Subsequently, the second linear module 401, the double-shaft motor 204, and the electric push rod 502 can be started simultaneously. The double-shaft motor 204 can drive the plate on the upper surface of the triangular plate 203 to descend back to the original position, and the second linear module 401 can drive the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 to descend vertically and be pushed into an inclined sliding shape. Subsequently, the started electric push rod 502 can push the scissor telescopic frame 501 to expand and drive the pressing wheel 503 to push the plate from the surface of the triangular plate 203 to the upper surface of the U-shaped material receiving tray 402 to achieve the purpose of receiving and guiding the unloading of the material.After the processing of the first group of plates is completed, the double-shaft motor 204 can be started again to drive another group of plates in the lower layer to be pushed up to a height higher than that of the scissor lift 501, so that the scissor lift 501 extends from the lower end of the plates again. Subsequently, the double-shaft motor 204 can be started again to drive the plates to a height flush with the first group of plates, and the scissor lift 501 can position and clamp them by pulling back. By repeating this process, the automated processing of continuous feeding, processing, and discharging of the plates is achieved.

[0055] In summary, the moving-column CNC gantry milling machine realizes the automated processing of continuous feeding, processing, and discharging of plates, eliminating the need for manual frequent loading and unloading operations, greatly saving time, improving the production rhythm, enabling 24-hour continuous operation, and effectively enhancing the overall production efficiency.

[0056] It is worth noting that the moving-column CNC gantry milling machine in this embodiment is also equipped with an industrial-grade PLC controller (such as the Siemens S7-1500 series) as the main control unit, and is equipped with a 10-inch industrial touch screen that communicates with the PLC controller in real time to provide a human-machine interface. The main control unit is electrically connected to the first motor 106, double-shaft motor 204, second motor 302, third motor 305, first linear module 309, electric push rod 502, second linear module 401, and blower 102 respectively, for controlling the automated operation of the first motor 106, double-shaft motor 204, second motor 302, third motor 305, first linear module 309, electric push rod 502, second linear module 401, and blower 102, so as to improve the working efficiency of the moving-column CNC gantry milling machine.

[0057] In addition, this embodiment also sets up a loading detection sensor, a positioning detection sensor, a plate height detection sensor, a processing area safety sensor, and a discharging completion detection sensor. Among them:

[0058] The loading detection sensor is a transmissive photoelectric sensor (the transmitter and receiver are installed in pairs), and multiple groups are set up, which are respectively installed on both sides of the feeding end of the bottom triangular plate 203 of the placement mechanism 2 and on the side wall of the base 1 at the entrance of the U-shaped housing 101, for detecting whether the plates sent by the forklift completely enter the placement area, for triggering the start of the double-shaft motor 204, and for controlling the conveyor belt 202 to start the lifting action to prevent excessive stacking of multiple plates (by installing multiple groups of sensors in layers);

[0059] The positioning detection sensor is a reflective photoelectric sensor (with background suppression function), which is installed on the inner end face of the positioning plate 105 (flush with the contact surface of the plate) and at the end of the extension path of the scissor expansion frame 501 of the unloading clamping mechanism 5, used to confirm whether the front end of the plate fully touches the positioning plate 105, detect whether the unloading clamping mechanism 5 extends in place, and feedback signals to the PLC controller to allow the start of three-axis machining (requiring double confirmation of positioning + clamping);

[0060] The plate height detection sensor is a diffuse reflection photoelectric array (installed in multiple groups), which is installed on the inner vertical wall of the base 1, equally spaced in the vertical direction (the spacing matches the standard thickness of the plate), and above the moving path of the pressing wheel 503 of the unloading clamping mechanism 5, used to detect the actual height of the plate after the lifting mechanism 2 lifts, determine which layer of the plate is being processed currently (for continuous machining counting), and prevent the unloading clamping mechanism 5 from interfering with the non-lifted plate;

[0061] The machining area safety sensor is a safety light curtain (horizontally covering the machining area), which is installed 200 mm below the milling cutter of the first motor 106 of the three-axis linkage mechanism 3 and on both sides of the lifting path of the U-shaped receiving tray 402 of the receiving mechanism 4, used to continuously monitor whether there are foreign objects invading the machining area, trigger emergency stop protection (response time < 50 ms), and prevent the unloading action from being accidentally started when the receiving mechanism 4 is not fully unfolded;

[0062] The unloading completion detection sensor is a groove-shaped photoelectric sensor (U-shaped structure), which is installed on the edge of the entrance of the storage hopper 404 of the receiving mechanism 4 and at the end of the inclined section of the U-shaped receiving tray 402 respectively, used to confirm that the processed plate has fully slid into the storage hopper 404, detect whether the amount of debris collection reaches the preset threshold (judged by periodic occlusion), and trigger the reset signal of the receiving mechanism 4 to prepare for the next cycle.

[0063] When continuous machining is carried out, the sensor signal linkage process is as follows:

[0064] The loading sensor detects a new plate → the dual-axis motor 204 starts to lift;

[0065] The height sensor confirms reaching the set layer → the unloading clamping mechanism 5 extends;

[0066] The positioning sensor feedbacks that the plate is clamped → the three-axis linkage mechanism 3 starts machining;

[0067] The safety light curtain continuously monitors → abnormal occlusion immediately pauses the spindle;

[0068] The unloading sensor triggers the completion signal → the receiving mechanism 4 resets and clears the count;

[0069] The overall control process is as follows:

[0070] A[System initialization] --> B[Automatic feeding detection]

[0071] B --> C{Sheet position?}

[0072] C -- Yes --> D[Lifting of the placing mechanism]

[0073] D --> E[Extension of the unloading clamping]

[0074] E --> F[Sheet clamping confirmation]

[0075] F --> G[Enclosure of the processing area]

[0076] G --> H[Three-axis linkage machining]

[0077] H --> I[Simultaneous chip cleaning]

[0078] I --> J{Processing completed?}

[0079] J -- Yes --> K[Unloading preparation]

[0080] K --> L[Deployment of the receiving mechanism]

[0081] L --> M[Automatic unloading]

[0082] M --> N{Continue processing?}

[0083] N -- Yes --> B

[0084] N -- No --> O[System standby].

[0085] In this embodiment, the main control unit also controls the operation of the moving-column CNC gantry milling machine based on the dynamic cutting-cleaning collaborative control equation. The dynamic cutting-cleaning collaborative control equation is as follows:

[0086] ;

[0087] Parameter description table in the dynamic cutting-cleaning collaborative control equation

[0088]

[0089] For example, in the scenario of machining a 20-mm-thick 6061 aluminum alloy sheet:

[0090] Input parameters:

[0091] , ; , ; , current remaining thickness ; (measured by the spindle current sensor); , , ;

[0092] Calculation process:

[0093] 1. Calculate the cutting speed:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Control action: Automatically adjust the spindle speed to:

[0097]

[0098] 2. Calculate the air volume of the air knife: Qair = 1.2×0.05×3600 + 300 / 1.2 = 216 + 250 = 466m 3 / h

[0099] Control action: Adjust the blower frequency converter to the corresponding air volume gear;

[0100] This solution has the following technical effects:

[0101] 1. Dynamic cutting optimization:

[0102] The cutting speed is real-time adaptively adjusted according to the material removal rate and tool load, significantly improving the machining efficiency;

[0103] The tool life is significantly extended (by avoiding overloading cutting under constant parameters);

[0104] 2. Cleanliness collaborative control:

[0105] The air volume supply is precisely matched with the chip generation amount, significantly reducing the chip residue amount;

[0106] The energy consumption is significantly reduced (compared with the fixed air volume mode);

[0107] 3. Safety enhancement:

[0108] When δ(h)>2.0, automatically trigger the thickness anomaly alarm (indicating the offset of the sheet positioning)

[0109] Through monitoring to achieve spark splash warning;

[0110] Dynamic control mechanism

[0111] Cutting speed regulation:

[0112] When the detected cutting force F t increases (such as encountering a hard point in the material), the denominator of the equation increases and v is automatically reduced c, prevent tool overload;

[0113] When the sheet thickness decreases, δ(h) increases, and the compensatory lifting speed is increased to maintain a stable cutting rate;

[0114] Air volume coordination mechanism:

[0115] The γ·(dm / dt) term ensures the basic chip removal ability;

[0116] The term is for dealing with the increase in chip kinetic energy during high-speed cutting, and additional air volume is required to prevent splashing;

[0117] Thickness anomaly warning:

[0118] When the function value of δ(h) mutates and exceeds the threshold, it is determined as a fault of sheet displacement or interlayer adhesion;

[0119] Trigger the emergency lifting and placing mechanism and suspend the machining.

[0120] Integrate cutting mechanics, fluid dynamics and real-time control theory to establish a joint machining-cleaning control model. δ(h) uses the hyperbolic tangent function to achieve a smooth transition of the thickness influence, avoiding the control oscillation of the traditional piecewise function. By Incorporate the chip kinetic energy into the air volume calculation to overcome the problem of splash control during high-speed machining.

[0121] Parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented by the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A moving-column numerically controlled gantry milling machine, characterized in that, Comprising: A base (1), on the upper surface of the base (1), a three-axis linkage mechanism (3) is fixedly installed. One end of the vertical moving block of the three-axis linkage mechanism (3) is fixedly installed with a first motor (106), and one end of the output shaft of the first motor (106) is fixedly installed with a milling cutter. Among them: both ends of the base (1) are fixedly installed with U-shaped casings (101), and a placing mechanism (2) is installed and driven inside the two groups of U-shaped casings (101), so that the upper surface between the two groups of placing mechanisms (2) can be used for placing a plate, and the plate placed between the two groups of placing mechanisms (2) can abut against one end of a positioning plate (105). The positioning plate (105) is fixedly installed on both sides inside the base (1). One end inside the base (1) is fixedly installed with a discharging clamping mechanism (5). The discharging clamping mechanism (5) can extend through between the two groups of placing mechanisms (2) and can be pressed against the other end of the plate by pulling back, so as to clamp the plate between the positioning plate (105) and the discharging clamping mechanism (5). The processed plate can be driven to rise by the placing mechanism (2), and the discharging clamping mechanism (5) is pulled back to its original position. Subsequently, the placing mechanism (2) can drive the plate to return to its original position and the discharging clamping mechanism (5) can push it onto the upper surface of a receiving mechanism (4), so as to achieve the purpose of automatic discharging. The receiving mechanism (4) is rotatably installed between the inside of the base (1); The placing mechanism (2) includes a plurality of docking plates (201). The plurality of docking plates (201) are fixedly installed at equal intervals inside the U-shaped casing (101). A conveyor belt (202) is installed and driven inside every two groups of docking plates (201). A triangular plate (203) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the conveyor belt (202) through bolts. The triangular plate (203) slides through from inside the U-shaped casing (101) to one end inside the base (1), so that the plate can be placed between the two horizontally opposite triangular plates (203). A Y-shaped frame (205) is fixedly installed between every two groups of docking plates (201). A double-shaft motor (204) is fixedly installed inside the Y-shaped frame (205). The output shaft of the double-shaft motor (204) rotates through the docking plate (201) and is fixedly connected to a transmission column inside the conveyor belt (202); The unloading and clamping mechanism (5) includes a fastening block (504) which is fixedly installed at one end inside the base (1). Two electric push rods (502) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fastening block (504). Two scissor expansion frames (501) are rotatably installed at one end of the fastening block (504). The middle end of the upper surface of the scissor expansion frame (501) is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the electric push rod (502), so that the scissor expansion frame (501) can be extended and contracted by the push and pull of the electric push rod (502). A pressure contact wheel (503) is rotatably installed at the other end of the scissor expansion frame (501), so that the scissor expansion frame (501) can drive the pressure contact wheel (503) to slide through from the bottom of the plate by extension, and can drive the pressure contact wheel (503) to clamp at the other end of the plate by pulling back, thereby realizing clamping the plate between the pressure contact wheel (503) and the positioning plate (105).

2. The moving-column type numerically controlled gantry milling machine according to claim 1, wherein: The material receiving mechanism (4) can enclose the inside of the base (1) by vertical lifting, so as to block the processed debris inside.

3. A moving-column CNC gantry milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two blowers (102) are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer surface of the base (1). One end of the air outlet of the blower (102) is connected and installed with an air duct (103). The other end of the air duct (103) is connected and installed with an air knife (104). The air knife (104) is fixedly installed between two positioning plates (105) and is located at the upper end of the unloading and clamping mechanism (5). The air outlet of the air knife (104) can be flush with the surface of the plate, so that the air knife (104) can blow the debris generated by processing into the material receiving mechanism (4) for centralized storage.

4. A moving-column type CNC gantry milling machine according to claim 1, wherein: The three-axis linkage mechanism (3) includes two first guide rails (310) which are fixedly installed on the base (1). Two first limit wheels (311) roll on the upper and lower surfaces of the first guide rail (310). The four first limit wheels (311) are rotatably installed at one end of the first connecting plate (301). A second guide rail (308) is fixedly installed between the two first connecting plates (301). Two second limit wheels (312) are rotatably installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the second guide rail (308). The four second limit wheels (312) are rotatably installed at one end of the second connecting plate (313). A first linear module (309) is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting plate (313). One end of the moving block of the first linear module (309) is fixedly installed with a first motor (106).

5. A moving-column CNC gantry milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second motor (302) is fixedly installed at one end of the first connecting plate (301). The output shaft of the second motor (302) rotates through the first connecting plate (301) and a first gear (303) is fixedly installed at the end. The first gear (303) meshes with a first toothed plate (304). The first toothed plate (304) is fixedly installed at one end inside the first guide rail (310). Among them, a third motor (305) is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting plate (313). The output shaft of the third motor (305) rotates through the second connecting plate (313) and a second gear (306) is fixedly installed at the end. The second gear (306) meshes with a second toothed plate (307). The second toothed plate (307) is fixedly installed at one end of the upper surface of the second guide rail (308), so that the second motor (302) and the third motor (305) can drive the first toothed plate (304) and the second toothed plate (307) through the meshing transmission of the first gear (303) and the second gear (306), and drive the first connecting plate (301) and the second connecting plate (313) to slide horizontally in the transverse and longitudinal directions on the outer surfaces of the first guide rail (310) and the second guide rail (308) respectively.

6. A moving-column type CNC gantry milling machine according to claim 1, wherein: The material receiving mechanism (4) includes two groups of second linear modules (401). The two groups of second linear modules (401) are fixedly installed at both ends of the base (1), and a U-shaped material receiving tray (402) is rotatably installed between the moving blocks of the two groups of second linear modules (401). A roller (403) is rotatably installed on the lower surface of the U-shaped material receiving tray (402), so that the U-shaped material receiving tray (402) can enclose the base (1) through the sliding of the roller (403) by the lifting of the second linear module (401). Among them, the lifted U-shaped material receiving tray (402) can block the debris inside, and can receive the debris blown off through a storage hopper (404) fixedly installed at one end of the inner side.

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