Underwater high-pressure welding arc energy compensation method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater welding, in particular to a compensation method, system and equipment for underwater high-pressure welding arc energy and a medium. On one hand, an arc energy loss rule in the high-voltage environment is established, a setting method of welding current during arc energy compensation in the high-voltage environment is provided according to the rule, and feed-forward compensation is formed. And on the other hand, welding current is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time monitored arc high-temperature area in the welding process as feedback quantity, and continuous and stable energy compensation in the high-pressure welding process is guaranteed. Therefore, the problems of insufficient arc energy and stability reduction in high-pressure welding are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underwater welding, and in particular to a method, system, equipment and medium for compensating arc energy of underwater high-voltage welding. Background Art

[0002] As a core technology in key areas such as marine engineering, deep-sea structure repair, and seabed equipment maintenance, underwater welding is of self-evident importance. Among various underwater welding technologies, underwater high-pressure dry arc welding has become a key research and application direction due to its excellent welding quality and adaptability to operations in deeper waters. However, the impact of the underwater high-pressure environment on arc welding is extremely significant. With the increase of environmental pressure, the stability of the welding arc drops sharply, and the welding quality also deteriorates. This is mainly because when the environmental pressure increases, the arc energy loss increases, resulting in a decrease in arc temperature, a reduction in the high-temperature area, and a decrease in ionization. These problems seriously damage the weld quality of underwater high-pressure welding and greatly limit the widespread application of underwater high-pressure dry welding in actual engineering.

[0003] At present, although there have been some related technical attempts to address the challenges faced by underwater high-pressure welding, all of them have obvious shortcomings. Some patents, such as the "Submerged Arc Welding Molten Pool Energy Compensation Circuit" (patent number: CN201911213614.7), were originally designed to solve the voltage fluctuation problem caused by the large inertia of submerged arc welding wire feeding, and the voltage and power output of the submerged arc welding machine are stabilized by adding a voltage closed-loop control circuit. However, underwater high-pressure dry welding and submerged arc welding are completely different in energy loss mechanism. The arc energy loss in an underwater high-pressure environment is mainly due to the direct effect of high pressure on the arc, and has nothing to do with the problems caused by the inertia of submerged arc welding wire feeding. Therefore, this patented technology cannot provide effective assistance for energy compensation of underwater high-pressure dry welding, and has no reference value in this field.

[0004] In terms of other technical means, methods such as high-frequency pulse technology and electromagnetic arc control attempt to improve the arc stiffness and stability by changing the physical properties of the arc. However, these methods are only adjustments to the surface phenomena of the arc, and do not deeply explore the root cause of arc energy loss in underwater high-pressure environments. Therefore, although they can alleviate the problem of arc instability to a certain extent, they cannot solve the problem of energy loss from the root, and the welding quality is still difficult to be effectively guaranteed.

[0005] In addition, the "Protective device, welding device and welding method for underwater high-pressure dry welding" (patent number: ZL201810727413.8) has made breakthroughs in the optimization of protective devices, and has reduced some energy losses in the arc area by improving the design. However, this type of protection is a passive defense, which can only make limited compensation after energy loss occurs, and cannot actively adjust the energy compensation strategy according to changes in environmental pressure and the welding process. Moreover, the working conditions applicable to this method are extremely harsh. Once it exceeds a specific environmental parameter range or the welding scene changes, the effect of reducing energy loss will be greatly reduced, and it is difficult to meet the complex and changeable needs of deep-sea welding projects.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies generally lack systematic research on the energy loss law and compensation mechanism when dealing with the challenge of underwater high-pressure welding. No effective solution has been found either in theory or in practical application, and the urgent need for high quality and high stability in deep-sea welding cannot be met, which seriously restricts the further development of related fields such as marine engineering. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, system, equipment and medium for compensating the arc energy of underwater high-voltage welding, so as to solve the problem that there is a general lack of systematic research on the energy loss law and compensation mechanism in the prior art when facing the challenges of underwater high-voltage welding.

[0008] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for compensating arc energy of underwater high-voltage welding is provided, the method comprising:

[0009] Obtain arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment;

[0010] The influence factors of arc energy loss on arc energy dissipation and preset ambient pressure under the high-voltage environment are analyzed to construct a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss to obtain the law of arc energy loss; the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss is used to predict energy loss under different ambient pressures;

[0011] Using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law, a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law is constructed to obtain the arc energy compensation law;

[0012] The compensation current is preset according to the arc energy compensation law, the area of ​​the arc high temperature area is monitored in real time during the welding process as a feedback quantity, and the compensation current is dynamically adjusted using the feedback quantity to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

[0013] Furthermore, obtaining the arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment includes:

[0014] The arc energy is converted into measurable temperature changes, and the energy loss is calculated according to the preset calculation formula to obtain the arc energy dissipation under high-voltage environment;

[0015] The preset calculation formula includes:

[0016] ΔQ n =hAΔtΔT (1)

[0017] Where: ΔQ n is the energy compensation required by the system; h is the convection heat transfer coefficient; A is the heat flow action area; Δt is the duration of the natural convection heat transfer process; ΔT is the temperature difference between the solid and the fluid;

[0018] ΔQ e =C w mΔT e (2)

[0019] Among them, ΔQ e is the energy change of the test system; C w is the specific heat capacity of water; m is the mass of water; ΔT e is the final temperature difference of water in the test;

[0020] ΔQ t =ΔQ n +ΔQ e (3)

[0021] Among them, ΔQ t It is the energy change after correction of the test results, which is used to truly reflect the arc energy loss during underwater high-pressure welding.

[0022] Furthermore, the influencing factors of the arc energy loss on the arc energy dissipation under the high-voltage environment and the preset ambient pressure are analyzed to construct a mathematical model between the ambient pressure and the power loss, and obtain the arc energy loss law, including:

[0023] The influencing factors of arc energy loss on arc energy dissipation and preset ambient pressure under the high-voltage environment are analyzed, and the nonlinear relationship between loss power and ambient pressure is characterized by a mathematical formula between ambient pressure and loss power;

[0024] The mathematical formula between the ambient pressure and the power loss is as follows:

[0025] ΔP t =ap n +b (4)

[0026] In the formula, ΔP tis the arc power loss, p is the ambient pressure, n is the exponent of ambient pressure, which indicates the nonlinear effect of ambient pressure on power loss, and a and b are the model parameters obtained by fitting.

[0027] Furthermore, the power variation during the preset energy compensation and the arc energy loss law are used to construct a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law, and the arc energy compensation law is obtained, including:

[0028] The power change amount when obtaining the preset energy compensation;

[0029] By using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law, the loss power and the compensation power are comprehensively compared, and the arc energy compensation law is obtained through the following formula;

[0030]

[0031] Where k1, k2, a, b are related compensation coefficients, n is the exponent of ambient pressure, and ΔI represents the current compensation amount.

[0032] Furthermore, the compensation current is preset according to the arc energy compensation law, the area of ​​the arc high temperature area is monitored in real time during the welding process as a feedback amount, and the compensation current is dynamically adjusted using the feedback amount to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process, including:

[0033] S1. Preset compensation current according to the arc energy compensation law;

[0034] S2. Determine whether the compensation current is abnormal or insufficient;

[0035] S3. If the compensation current is abnormal or insufficient, adjust the compensation current and reset the welding current;

[0036] S4. If the compensation current is not abnormal or insufficiently compensated, a quantitative analysis is performed on the arc high temperature area based on the preprocessed arc image, and the area of ​​the high pressure and high temperature area after normal pressure and compensation is compared to determine whether the area difference is within the error threshold range;

[0037] If it exceeds the threshold, return to step S3 to adjust the current value;

[0038] If the standard is met, the welding will proceed to the next stage with the current parameters to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

[0039] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for compensating underwater high-voltage welding arc energy, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned methods for compensating underwater high-voltage welding arc energy, and the system comprises:

[0040] An acquisition module, used to acquire arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment;

[0041] The first processing module is used to analyze the influence factors of arc energy loss by using the arc energy dissipation under the high-voltage environment and the preset ambient pressure, to construct a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss, and obtain the law of arc energy loss; the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss is used to predict the energy loss under different ambient pressures;

[0042] The second processing module is used to construct a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law by using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law to obtain the arc energy compensation law;

[0043] The third processing module is used to preset the compensation current according to the arc energy compensation law, use the real-time monitoring of the arc high temperature area as feedback during the welding process, and dynamically adjust the compensation current using the feedback to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

[0044] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation device, the device comprising:

[0045] a memory having an executable program stored therein;

[0046] A processor is used to execute the executable program in the memory to implement the steps of any one of the above methods.

[0047] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the steps of any one of the above methods.

[0048] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0049] Improve welding stability and quality: effectively solve the problem of insufficient arc energy and decreased stability in high-voltage welding. By establishing the arc energy loss law and setting the welding current accordingly for feedforward compensation, and real-time monitoring of the arc high-temperature area to dynamically adjust the current for feedback compensation, the welding arc can burn stably under high-voltage environment, reducing welding defects caused by arc instability, significantly improving the stability of the welding process and weld quality, and meeting the high-quality requirements of underwater high-voltage welding in fields such as marine engineering.

[0050] Filling the theoretical gap: In-depth analysis of the arc energy loss mechanism under high-pressure environment, revealing the nonlinear influence of ambient pressure on the dynamic characteristics of arc energy, constructing a mathematical model of the coupling of arc loss power and ambient pressure, filling the theoretical gap in the study of energy loss laws of underwater high-pressure welding, providing a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent related research, and promoting the improvement of the theoretical system of underwater high-pressure welding.

[0051] Provide key theoretical support: The proposed arc energy compensation law constructs a mathematical model of the coupling between current compensation and ambient pressure, which provides clear theoretical support for energy compensation in underwater high-pressure welding. Welding operators and engineers can accurately calculate the current compensation required under different ambient pressures based on this model, reasonably set welding parameters, and improve the accuracy and scientificity of energy compensation. It has extremely high technical value in practical applications and has strongly promoted the development and progress of underwater high-pressure welding technology.

[0052] Achieve precise quantitative control: Based on the feedback information of the high temperature zone, the area of ​​the arc high temperature zone is used as the key indicator of energy compensation, and the stable compensation of arc energy is achieved through a closed-loop feedback adjustment mechanism. This quantitative control method makes the energy compensation in the welding process more accurate, avoids the blindness and uncertainty of energy compensation in traditional methods, improves the control accuracy and reliability of the welding process, and helps to improve the automation and intelligence level of underwater high-pressure welding technology.

[0053] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for compensating arc energy of underwater high-voltage welding according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a technical route implementation for exploring the law of high-voltage arc energy loss according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0057] Figure 3 is a flow chart of an energy compensation method based on arc high temperature area feedback according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0058] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation system according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0059] Figure 5The figure is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation device according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0061] Embodiment 1

[0062] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for compensating arc energy of underwater high-voltage welding according to an exemplary embodiment, the method comprising:

[0063] S1. Obtain arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment;

[0064] S2. Analyze the influencing factors of arc energy loss by using the arc energy dissipation under the high-voltage environment and the preset ambient pressure, construct a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss, and obtain the law of arc energy loss; the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss is used to predict the energy loss under different ambient pressures;

[0065] S3. Using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law, a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law is constructed to obtain the arc energy compensation law;

[0066] S4. Preset the compensation current according to the arc energy compensation law, use the real-time monitoring of the arc high temperature area as feedback during the welding process, and dynamically adjust the compensation current using the feedback to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during high-voltage welding.

[0067] In the specific implementation, such as steps S1-S2 and combined Figure 2 ,Through the existing energy dissipation measurement methods, the arc energy loss under high voltage environment is analyzed, and a mathematical model of arc energy loss is proposed, which provides a theoretical basis for arc energy compensation.

[0068] 1. Measurement of arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment:

[0069] At present, a special energy dissipation measurement method can be used in underwater high-pressure environments. The arc and its heat transfer area are isolated by an energy collection cover, so that the heat generated by the arc can be converted into heat increase on the copper block. Then, the water circulation system is used to absorb and transfer this heat, and finally the energy loss is measured through temperature changes.

[0070] The measurement formula is: ΔQ n =hAΔtΔT; (1)

[0071] Where: ΔQ n is the energy compensation required by the system; h is the convection heat transfer coefficient; A is the heat flow area; Δt is the duration of the natural convection heat transfer process; ΔT is the temperature difference between the solid and the fluid.

[0072] At the same time, the calculation formula for the heat increase of water in the test system is:

[0073] ΔQ e =C w mΔT e (2)

[0074] Among them, ΔQ e is the energy change of the test system; C w is the specific heat capacity of water; m is the mass of water; ΔT e is the final temperature difference of the water in the test.

[0075] The total energy change after compensation is:

[0076] ΔQ t =ΔQ n +ΔQ e (3)

[0077] Among them, ΔQ t It is the energy change after correction of the test results. This value can more truly reflect the arc energy loss during underwater high-pressure welding.

[0078] 2. Analysis of the influence of ambient pressure on arc energy loss: According to the above measurement results, as the ambient pressure increases, the energy loss of the arc shows a nonlinear growth trend. Under high pressure, the stability and energy distribution characteristics of the arc change significantly, and its temperature distribution and heat transfer characteristics are also significantly affected. This clearly shows that the ambient pressure directly acts on the heat transfer process of the arc and has a key influence on the degree of energy loss. Therefore, in-depth research and quantification of the influence of ambient pressure on arc energy loss has become an important premise and basis for achieving efficient energy compensation and improving welding stability.

[0079] 3. Establishment of mathematical model of environmental pressure and power loss: In order to accurately quantify the law of energy loss, a mathematical model between environmental pressure and power loss is established based on the test results. Through regression analysis of the data, the nonlinear relationship between power loss and environmental pressure is obtained, which can be expressed as:

[0080] ΔP t =ap n +b (4)

[0081] In the formula, ΔP t is the arc power loss, p is the ambient pressure, n is the exponent of ambient pressure, indicating the nonlinear effect of ambient pressure on power loss, and a and b are the model parameters obtained by fitting. With the increase of ambient pressure, the arc power loss shows an accelerating growth trend.

[0082] As the environmental pressure increases, the arc power loss shows an accelerating growth trend. This model can effectively predict the energy loss under different environmental pressures, providing indispensable data support for the subsequent formulation of arc energy compensation strategies.

[0083] In the specific implementation, through a series of designs such as energy collection cover and water circulation system, combined with relevant calculation formulas, the energy dissipation of the arc in the underwater high-pressure environment can be measured more accurately. The energy change after the test results are corrected more truly reflects the arc energy loss, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent research and analysis, and helping to gain a deeper understanding of the energy change law during underwater high-pressure welding.

[0084] The influence of ambient pressure on arc energy loss was clarified, and it was found that with the increase of ambient pressure, arc energy loss increased nonlinearly, and arc stability, energy distribution, temperature distribution and heat transfer characteristics were significantly affected. This discovery reveals the key influencing factors of energy loss in underwater high-pressure welding, provides direction for further research and improvement of welding technology, and helps to improve the stability and quality of the welding process.

[0085] Furthermore, the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss can effectively predict the energy loss under different ambient pressures. The model quantifies the relationship between ambient pressure and power loss, providing important data support for subsequent arc energy compensation strategies. Through this model, engineers and researchers can more accurately calculate the required energy compensation amount and optimize welding parameters, thereby achieving more efficient energy compensation, reducing energy loss, and improving welding efficiency and quality.

[0086] In the specific implementation, as described in step S3, in order to further realize energy compensation, the present invention first proposes the relationship between power compensation and current compensation. On this basis, combined with the arc energy loss law, the relationship between current compensation and environmental pressure is further clarified, and finally a theoretical model of arc energy compensation law is established.

[0087] ① Mathematical model of power compensation and current compensation

[0088] The present invention first proposes the relationship between power compensation and current compensation. The total power P of the arc is determined by the voltage U and the current I, and the formula is as follows:

[0089] P=UI=(U0+ΔU)(I0+ΔI)=U0I0+U0ΔI+ΔUI0+ΔUΔI=P0+ΔP (5)

[0090] Where P0 is the welding power under normal pressure, U0 and I0 are the welding voltage and current under normal pressure respectively; ΔU and ΔI are the changes of energy compensation voltage and current respectively. Considering that GMAW welding voltage and current satisfy the following relationship:

[0091] U0=k1I0+k2

[0092] ΔU=k1ΔI (6)

[0093] Among them, k1 and k2 are the proportional coefficients between voltage and current changes, reflecting the influence of current changes on voltage under GMAW unified conditions. Substituting the relationship between voltage and current into the power change formula, the specific expression of power change ΔP during energy compensation is obtained:

[0094] ΔP=U0ΔI+ΔUI0+ΔUΔI=(k1I0+k2)ΔI+k1ΔII0+k1ΔI 2 =k1ΔI 2 +(2k1I0+k2)ΔI (7)

[0095] ② Theoretical model of arc energy compensation law

[0096] Comprehensive comparison of loss power and compensation power:

[0097] ΔP t =ΔP

[0098] ap n +b=k1ΔI 2 +(2k1I0+k2)ΔI (8)

[0099] Finally, the arc energy compensation law can be obtained:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, k1, k2, a, and b are related compensation coefficients. In the above formula, the relationship between the current increase and the ambient pressure is given. When the ambient pressure of underwater high-pressure welding is clear, the welding arc energy loss caused by the increase in ambient pressure can be compensated by adjusting the welding current based on the normal pressure welding process parameters, thereby obtaining better underwater high-pressure welding quality.

[0102] In the specific implementation, such as step S4 and Figure 3 As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned underwater high-pressure welding energy compensation, in order to further improve the stability of arc energy loss compensation under high-pressure environment, the present invention also proposes an energy compensation feedback control method based on current regulation. The current value is initially set according to the above-mentioned compensation law, and the area of ​​the arc high temperature area is monitored in real time during the welding process, and compared and analyzed with it as the core indicator, and the current is adjusted in real time to ensure the stability of energy compensation.

[0103] The specific implementation includes the following steps:

[0104] S1. Set the compensation current value: Calculate the required current compensation value ΔI according to the arc energy compensation law, and make compensation settings based on the initial current I0, providing a suitable compensation current to ensure that the energy compensation effect meets expectations.

[0105] S2. Adjust current value: During the welding process, monitor the welding status in real time. If abnormality or insufficient compensation is observed, adjust the current value ΔI and reset the welding current.

[0106] S3. Arc image capture and preprocessing: Use a high-speed camera or infrared camera to capture arc images, record the arc shape and high-temperature area distribution, and calculate the average value of multiple frame images to reduce random fluctuation errors.

[0107] S4. High temperature area analysis: The pre-processed arc image is transmitted to the host computer, and the result is binarized using image processing tools, converted into high temperature area pixel data and quantitatively analyzed for the area of ​​the high temperature area.

[0108] S5. Area comparison and error judgment: Compare the area of ​​the normal pressure and high pressure and high temperature areas after compensation to determine whether the area difference is within the error threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, return to the current adjustment step; if it meets the standard, enter the next stage.

[0109] S6. Continue welding with current parameters: When the area difference reaches the error threshold, the welding process enters a stable state and the current welding parameters are continued to be used to complete subsequent welding until the welding task is completed and the welding is ended.

[0110] More specifically, the present invention monitors the changes in the high temperature zone in real time and dynamically adjusts the current through feedback. This method uses the area of ​​the arc high temperature zone as the key indicator of energy compensation, effectively ensuring uniform energy distribution and improving arc stability. This method significantly improves the control accuracy and quality of the welding process, and enhances the reliability and application effect of the overall technology.

[0111] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a system for compensating underwater high-voltage welding arc energy according to an exemplary embodiment, wherein the system comprises:

[0112] An acquisition module 40 is used to acquire arc energy dissipation under a high voltage environment;

[0113] The first processing module 41 is used to analyze the influence factors of arc energy loss by using the arc energy dissipation under the high-voltage environment and the preset ambient pressure, to construct a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss, and obtain the law of arc energy loss; the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss is used to predict the energy loss under different ambient pressures;

[0114] The second processing module 42 is used to construct a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law by using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law to obtain the arc energy compensation law;

[0115] The third processing module 43 is used to preset the compensation current according to the arc energy compensation law, monitor the area of ​​the arc high temperature area in real time during the welding process as a feedback quantity, and dynamically adjust the compensation current using the feedback quantity to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

[0116] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation device according to an exemplary embodiment, wherein the device comprises:

[0117] A memory 51 on which an executable program is stored;

[0118] The processor 52 is used to execute the executable program in the memory 51 to implement the steps of any one of the above methods.

[0119] In addition, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the steps of any of the above methods. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD); the storage medium may also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memory.

[0120] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0121] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to at least two.

[0122] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0123] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0124] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0125] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0126] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0127] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0128] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for compensating arc energy for underwater high-voltage welding, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment; The influence factors of arc energy loss on arc energy dissipation and preset ambient pressure under the high-voltage environment are analyzed to construct a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss to obtain the law of arc energy loss; the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss is used to predict energy loss under different ambient pressures; Using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law, a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law is constructed to obtain the arc energy compensation law; The compensation current is preset according to the arc energy compensation law, the area of ​​the arc high temperature area is monitored in real time during the welding process as a feedback quantity, and the compensation current is dynamically adjusted using the feedback quantity to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment comprises: The arc energy is converted into measurable temperature changes, and the energy loss is calculated according to the preset calculation formula to obtain the arc energy dissipation under high-voltage environment; The preset calculation formula includes: ΔQ n =hAΔtΔT (1) Where: ΔQ n is the energy compensation required by the system; h is the convection heat transfer coefficient; A is the heat flow action area; Δt is the duration of the natural convection heat transfer process; ΔT is the temperature difference between the solid and the fluid; ΔQ e =C w mΔT e (2) Among them, ΔQ e is the energy change of the test system; C w is the specific heat capacity of water; m is the mass of water; ΔT e is the final temperature difference of water in the test; ΔQ t =ΔQ n +ΔQ e (3) Among them, ΔQ t It is the energy change after correction of the test results, which is used to truly reflect the arc energy loss during underwater high-pressure welding.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of analyzing the influence factors of arc energy loss on arc energy loss by utilizing the arc energy dissipation under the high-voltage environment and the preset ambient pressure, constructing a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss, and obtaining the arc energy loss law includes: The influencing factors of arc energy loss on arc energy dissipation and preset ambient pressure under the high-voltage environment are analyzed, and the nonlinear relationship between loss power and ambient pressure is characterized by a mathematical formula between ambient pressure and loss power; The mathematical formula between the ambient pressure and the power loss is as follows: ΔP t =ap n +b (4) Where ΔP t is the arc power loss, p is the ambient pressure, n is the exponent of ambient pressure, which indicates the nonlinear effect of ambient pressure on power loss, and a and b are the model parameters obtained by fitting.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method uses the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law to construct a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law to obtain the arc energy compensation law, including: Get the power change amount when the preset energy compensation is performed; By using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law, the loss power and the compensation power are comprehensively compared, and the arc energy compensation law is obtained through the following formula; Where k1, k2, a, b are related compensation coefficients, n is the exponent of ambient pressure, and ΔI represents the current compensation amount.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The compensation current is preset according to the arc energy compensation law, the area of ​​the arc high temperature area is monitored in real time during the welding process as a feedback amount, and the compensation current is dynamically adjusted using the feedback amount to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process, including: S1. Preset compensation current according to the arc energy compensation law; S2. Determine whether the compensation current is abnormal or insufficient; S3. If the compensation current is abnormal or insufficient, adjust the compensation current and reset the welding current; S4. If the compensation current is not abnormal or insufficiently compensated, a quantitative analysis is performed on the arc high temperature area based on the preprocessed arc image, and the area of ​​the normal pressure and the high pressure and high temperature area after compensation is compared to determine whether the area difference is within the error threshold range; If it exceeds the threshold, return to step S3 to adjust the current value; If the standard is met, the welding will proceed to the next stage with the current parameters to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

6. An underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation system, applied to the underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The system comprises: An acquisition module, used to acquire arc energy dissipation under high voltage environment; The first processing module is used to analyze the influence factors of arc energy loss by using the arc energy dissipation under the high-voltage environment and the preset ambient pressure, to construct a mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss, and obtain the law of arc energy loss; the mathematical model between ambient pressure and power loss is used to predict the energy loss under different ambient pressures; The second processing module is used to construct a theoretical model of the arc energy compensation law by using the preset power change during energy compensation and the arc energy loss law to obtain the arc energy compensation law; The third processing module is used to preset the compensation current according to the arc energy compensation law, use the real-time monitoring of the arc high temperature area as feedback during the welding process, and dynamically adjust the compensation current using the feedback to achieve continuous and stable energy compensation during the high-voltage welding process.

7. Underwater high-voltage welding arc energy compensation equipment, characterized in that: The device comprises: a memory having an executable program stored therein; A processor, configured to execute the executable program in the memory to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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