Mold cavity complex curved surface texturing device based on five-axis laser

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser texturing, in particular to a mold cavity complex curved surface texturing device based on five-axis laser, which comprises a rack, a clamp, a laser, a dynamic focus lens, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module and a transmission module, the X-axis module comprises an X-axis galvanometer and an X main axis, and the Y-axis module comprises a Y-axis galvanometer and a Y main axis. The X-axis galvanometer is arranged on the left side of the dynamic focus lens, the Y-axis galvanometer is arranged on the front side of the X-axis galvanometer, the X main shaft and the Y main shaft penetrate through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer respectively, the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer slide in the penetrating direction, and the transmission module is installed between the X main shaft and the Y main shaft; according to the 3D texturing device, the axial width of the galvanometer is reduced, the galvanometer compensates the axial width along with the laser, the effect that the quality of the galvanometer is reduced, and control is accurate is achieved, and the 3D texturing space of the texturing device is enlarged through width compensation of the galvanometer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser etching, and in particular to a device for etching complex curved surfaces of a mold cavity based on a five-axis laser. Background Art

[0002] Etching technology not only makes the product more beautiful and elegant, but also facilitates demoulding of the product during the production process. Therefore, the mold usually etches the local surface in the cavity. Common etching methods can be divided into two categories: chemical and mechanical. The chemical etching process is often accompanied by pollution. In contrast, with the development of laser technology in recent years, mechanical etching represented by laser etching has a wide range of application prospects.

[0003] The five-axis laser etching device is developed on the basis of the four-axis laser etching device. The four axes in the traditional four-axis laser etching device refer to the two axes on the fixture and the two axes of the galvanometer system. The two axes of the galvanometer system refer to the rotational freedom of the two galvanometers around their respective central axes, so that the laser emitted by the laser undergoes two reflections (usually the first reflection of the laser is called X-axis adjustment, and the second reflection is called Y-axis adjustment), so as to focus on any point in the plane rectangular coordinate system; however, the internal curved surface of the mold cavity is complex, and focusing only on the same plane cannot complete the processing of uneven curved surfaces. Therefore, the other two axes of freedom on the fixture are required to adjust the posture of the workpiece , to assist in processing; and each adjustment of the workpiece posture will bring new errors, and when processing mold cavities with complex curved surfaces, not only is the accuracy low, but frequent posture adjustments will also greatly reduce production efficiency; in order to solve the problem of traditional four-axis laser etching devices when etching complex curved surfaces, the existing technology usually adds a degree of freedom to the galvanometer system (usually called Z-axis adjustment), so that the laser can be focused on planes of different heights, thereby completing 3D stereo etching; such as in the high-speed dynamic focusing laser galvanometer module with publication number CN105974581B, by using Z-axis dynamic focus, the laser marking quality and marking effect are greatly improved.

[0004] The five-axis laser etching device can focus the laser on any point in the three-dimensional coordinate system through dynamic compensation of the Z axis to etch accurately, thereby ensuring the quality of etching. However, due to the limited height difference between the galvanometer system and the fixture, the three-dimensional local area where the laser can focus is also limited. When processing large-volume molds, there are usually two ways to focus the laser in a larger range. One is to increase the height difference between the galvanometer system and the fixture, and the other is to increase the reflective surface of the galvanometer. The former is simple and effective, but the volume of the etching device will increase with the increase of the volume of the processed mold, thereby increasing the production and installation costs, and the increase in the height difference will also extend the transmission distance of the laser, thereby causing additional energy consumption. Therefore, the latter is more common, but the latter also has obvious disadvantages: the mass of the galvanometer will increase with the increase of the reflective surface area of ​​the galvanometer, which will lead to an increase in the rotational inertia of the galvanometer, resulting in inaccurate control of the control system over the operating state of the galvanometer, which reduces the etching quality of the mold cavity.

[0005] Therefore, a five-axis laser-based etching device for complex curved surfaces of mold cavities was proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a complex curved surface etching device for a mold cavity based on a five-axis laser, which solves the problem that the mass of the galvanometer makes the control inaccurate, thereby affecting the quality of laser etching. By reducing the axial width of the galvanometer and making the galvanometer follow the laser to compensate for the axial width, the effect of reducing the mass of the galvanometer and making the control precise is achieved, and by compensating for the width of the galvanometer, the 3D etching space of the etching device is enlarged.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A five-axis laser-based mold cavity complex curved surface etching device, comprising a frame, a fixture, a laser, a dynamic focusing mirror, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module and a transmission module, wherein the X-axis module comprises an X-axis galvanometer and an X-spindle, and the Y-axis module comprises a Y-axis galvanometer and a Y-spindle, wherein the X-axis galvanometer is on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror, and the Y-axis galvanometer is on the front side of the X-axis galvanometer, and the X-spindle and the Y-spindle respectively penetrate the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer, and both the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer slide along the penetration direction, and the transmission module is installed between the X-spindle and the Y-spindle; The X-axis spindle drives the X-axis galvanometer to rotate and drives the X-axis galvanometer to slide up and down at the same time. The transmission module driven by the rotation of the X-axis spindle drives the Y-axis galvanometer to slide left and right.

[0008] There are many ways to make the Y-axis galvanometer slide along the axial direction of the Y-axis. For example, a control system can be arranged separately. The control system can be used as the main drive of the Y-axis module or as the sub-drive of the Y-axis module. Compared with this solution, the above solution does not require linkage between structures, so the design and assembly are simpler, but it lacks in control cost and control accuracy. Preferably, the Y-axis module further comprises a Y-axis motor, the Y-axis motor is mounted on the frame, and the output shaft of the Y-axis motor is connected to the Y-spindle, and the Y-axis galvanometer is spline-connected to the Y-spindle; Through the above scheme, the spline connection is used to complete the circumferential positioning of the Y-axis galvanometer on the Y-spindle, while not limiting the axial freedom of the Y-axis galvanometer on the Y-spindle. Therefore, the Y-axis galvanometer can follow the deflection of the Y-axis motor while still sliding left and right along the Y-spindle to cooperate with the deflection of the X-axis galvanometer and transmit the light emitted by the laser to a certain position.

[0009] Preferably, the X-axis module further comprises an X-axis motor, a pressure block and a spring, the X-axis motor is mounted on the frame, and the output shaft of the X-axis motor is connected to the X-spindle, the transmission module comprises a driving tooth, a driven tooth, a transmission shaft, a transverse gear and a transverse rack, the driving tooth is rotatably connected to the frame, the driven tooth is meshed on one side of the driving tooth, the transmission shaft passes through the driven tooth, the transverse gear is mounted on the transmission shaft, the transverse rack is meshed on the rear side of the transverse gear, and the transverse rack is slidably connected to the frame, a limit plate is mounted on the rack, and the two limit plates are both sleeved on the Y-spindle; In the above scheme, through the meshing of the driven teeth and the active teeth, and the meshing of the transverse gear and the transverse rack, the transverse rack follows the active teeth to drive the Y-axis galvanometer to slide left and right on the Y main axis, so that the Y-axis galvanometer receives the laser reflected from the X-axis galvanometer.

[0010] The transmission module only needs the active teeth and the transverse rack to cooperate to realize the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer and drive the axial sliding of the Y-axis galvanometer. However, the rotation angle range of the X-axis galvanometer is 90°, and the Y-axis galvanometer needs sufficient axial transverse movement to receive the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer. Therefore, when the X-axis galvanometer rotates slightly, the Y-axis galvanometer should be able to have obvious transverse movement. Preferably, the number of teeth of the driving teeth is greater than the number of teeth of the driven teeth, and the number of teeth of the transverse gear is greater than the number of teeth of the driven teeth; In the above scheme, the number of teeth of the driven teeth is smaller than that of the driving teeth, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the transmission shaft; the number of teeth of the transverse gear is larger than that of the driven teeth, thereby increasing the linear speed of the rotation of the transverse gear, so as to increase the speed of the left and right sliding of the transverse rack, thereby amplifying the rotation speed of the driving teeth to the speed of the axial sliding of the Y-axis galvanometer along the Y-spindle; and through the meshing of the driving teeth with a large number of teeth and the driven teeth with a small number of teeth, the driving of the transmission module can also be made more labor-saving, so as to ensure the timely response of the X-galvanometer to the control system, thereby ensuring the etching quality of the mold cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a holder is installed on one side of the limit plate adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer, a ball is installed on the holder, and the ball fits with the left side or right side of the Y-axis galvanometer; In the above scheme, the balls on the retaining frame are kept rolling on the left and right end faces of the Y-axis galvanometer, so as to transform the surface contact between the left and right end faces of the Y-axis galvanometer and the limit plate into point contact, and further transform the sliding contact into rolling contact, thereby greatly reducing the friction on the two end faces of the Y-axis galvanometer itself during the circumferential rotation, so as to maintain the sensitivity of the control system and thus ensure the etching quality of the mold cavity.

[0012] Etching is a 3D process. The three-dimensional effect of etching is formed by the superposition of several etching planes. Therefore, the laser focus point will keep moving back and forth during the etching process. If the galvanometer can be braked in time during a large number of reciprocating processes, the etching operation time will be greatly shortened, thereby improving the etching efficiency. Preferably, the retaining frame is made of soft magnetic material; In the above scheme, the soft magnetic material is magnetic when power is applied and loses its magnetism after power is removed; therefore, during the reciprocating process of the laser focus point, the ball bearing can be adsorbed by keeping the power applied, so as to convert the rolling friction between the Y-axis galvanometer and the ball bearing into sliding friction, thereby shortening the braking time of the Y-axis galvanometer during rotation.

[0013] The laser used for etching is a high-output continuous laser with a power greater than 500mV. It will generate heat when projected onto the surface of the galvanometer. The position change amplitude of the projection point of the laser emitted by the laser on the X-axis galvanometer is very small (therefore, the area of ​​the reflection surface of the X-axis galvanometer is generally small, so there is no problem of inaccurate control due to its large mass). When etching a large mold, the projection point will stay in a fixed small range of the X-axis galvanometer for a long time, thereby causing the local temperature of the X-axis galvanometer to continue to rise, resulting in damage to the structure and function of the X-axis galvanometer; Preferably, the X-axis includes a spline segment and a threaded segment, and the X-axis galvanometer is mounted on the spline segment; In the above scheme, the X-axis galvanometer can slide up and down along the spline segment to prevent the laser emitted by the laser from staying in a fixed small range of the X-axis galvanometer for a long time, thereby making it easier to dissipate the heat on the X-axis galvanometer, thereby protecting the X-axis galvanometer from damage and allowing the etching device to work stably for a long time.

[0014] Preferably, the spline segment is located at the lower part of the X-axis, the threaded segment is located above the spline segment, the pressing block is mounted on the threaded segment, and the pressing block is slidably connected to the frame, one end of the spring is connected to the lower part of the X-axis galvanometer, and the other end of the spring is connected to the frame; In the above scheme, the pressing block is engaged with the threaded section, so that the pressing block slides up and down with the rotation of the X-axis spindle, and then cooperates with the spring under the X-axis galvanometer to press down or pull up the X-axis galvanometer; the method of not using double pressing blocks above and below the X-axis galvanometer is to reduce the driving force on the pressing block, and the pressing block and the spring are respectively arranged above and below the X-axis galvanometer, which further reduces the driving force, so that the X-axis galvanometer is more responsive to the control system, so as to improve the etching quality of the mold cavity.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention shortens the width of the Y-axis galvanometer and moves it right as the X-axis galvanometer turns right, thereby receiving the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer, thereby reducing the mass of the Y-axis galvanometer and making the Y-axis galvanometer sensitive to feedback from the control system to improve the quality of etching, and compensating for the width of the Y-axis galvanometer by sliding the Y-axis galvanometer left and right, thereby increasing the focusing range of the laser to adapt to the etching of large and complex curved cavity molds.

[0016] 2. The present invention utilizes the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer to control the movement of the Y-axis galvanometer, and utilizes the pressure block above the X-axis galvanometer and the spring below to realize the up and down sliding of the X-axis galvanometer along the X-axis during the rotation process, so as to avoid the high-energy laser being projected on a small fixed area of ​​the X-axis galvanometer for a long time when etching a large complex curved cavity mold, thereby avoiding the local temperature rise of the X-axis galvanometer, so as to enable the etching device to work stably for a long time.

[0017] 3. The present invention adds active teeth and driven teeth on the basis of the transverse gear and the transverse rack, and the number of teeth of the active teeth driven by the X-axis is greater than that of the driven teeth, thereby reducing the driving force required by the transmission module, so that the X-axis galvanometer is more sensitive to the feedback of the control system, thereby improving the etching quality, and making the number of teeth of the transverse gear greater than that of the driven teeth, so as to further reduce the transmission ratio, thereby increasing the axial slip of the Y-axis galvanometer, so that the Y-axis galvanometer can more accurately receive the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall isometric structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 3 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the galvanometer system of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the galvanometer system of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the X-axis structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the Y-axis galvanometer of the present invention is located at the right end of the Y-axis; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the Y-axis galvanometer of the present invention is located in the middle of the Y-axis; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the Y-axis galvanometer of the present invention is located at the left end of the Y-spindle.

[0019] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. fixture; 3. laser; 4. dynamic focusing mirror; 5. X-axis module; 51. X-axis galvanometer; 52. X-spindle; 521. spline section; 522. thread section; 53. X-axis motor; 54. pressure block; 55. spring; 6. Y-axis module; 61. Y-axis galvanometer; 62. Y-spindle; 63. Y-axis motor; 7. transmission module; 71. driving gear; 72. driven gear; 73. transmission shaft; 74. transverse gear; 75. transverse rack; 76. limit plate; 761. retaining frame; 762. ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavities, and the technical solution is as follows: A five-axis laser-based mold cavity complex curved surface etching device includes a frame 1, a fixture 2, a laser 3, a dynamic focusing mirror 4, an X-axis module 5, a Y-axis module 6 and a transmission module 7. The fixture 2 is installed on the frame 1, and the fixture 2 has two degrees of freedom: one is to rotate around the left and right direction, and the other is to rotate around the front and back direction. The laser 3 is installed on the inner wall of the frame 1; the dynamic focusing mirror 4 is slidably connected to the inside of the frame 1. When the sliding connection is specifically implemented, a motor can be used to cooperate with a lead screw to provide a sliding force, and a slide rail and a slider are installed between the dynamic focusing mirror 4 and the inner wall of the frame 1 for guidance. Through the dynamic focusing mirror 4 slides in the left and right directions, which can change the focusing height of the laser reflected by the galvanometer system, thereby realizing the etching of the surface of the mold cavity at different heights; the X-axis module 5 includes an X-axis galvanometer 51 and an X-spindle 52, and the Y-axis module 6 includes a Y-axis galvanometer 61 and a Y-spindle 62. The X-axis galvanometer 51 is on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror 4, and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is on the front side of the X-axis galvanometer 51. The X-spindle 52 and the Y-spindle 62 penetrate the X-axis galvanometer 51 and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 respectively, and the X-axis galvanometer 51 and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 both slide along the penetration direction, and the transmission module 7 is installed between the X-spindle 52 and the Y-spindle 62; The X-axis main shaft 52 drives the X-axis galvanometer 51 to rotate and drives the X-axis galvanometer 51 to slide up and down. The transmission module 7 driven by the rotation of the X-axis main shaft 52 drives the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to slide left and right.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the Y-axis module 6 also includes a Y-axis motor 63, which is installed on the frame 1, and the output shaft of the Y-axis motor 63 is connected to the Y-spindle 62, and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and the Y-spindle 62 are spline-connected; the Y-spindle 62 is mounted on the inner bottom wall of the frame 1 through a pair of bearing seats. When installing, first place the Y-axis galvanometer 61 between the two limit plates 76, then pass the Y-spindle 62 through the limit plates 76 and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 one by one, then install a pair of bearing seats on the left and right ends of the Y-spindle 62, and then add The bearing seat is fixed on the frame 1, and finally a coupling is used to connect the output shaft of the Y-axis motor 63 and the left end of the Y-spindle 62; the Y-axis motor 63 and the X-axis motor 53 are both swing motors, and both swing within an angle range not exceeding 90°; with the power provided by the Y-axis motor 63, the Y-axis galvanometer 61 rotates downward, and the greater the rotation angle, the further forward the focal point of the laser; similarly, the X-axis motor 53 drives the X-axis galvanometer 51 to rotate leftward, and the greater the rotation angle, the further to the left the focal point of the laser.

[0023] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the X-axis module 5 also includes an X-axis motor 53, a pressure block 54 and a spring 55. The X-axis motor 53 is installed on the frame 1, and the output shaft of the X-axis motor 53 is connected to the X-spindle 52. The transmission module 7 includes a driving tooth 71, a driven tooth 72, a transmission shaft 73, a transverse gear 74 and a transverse rack 75. The driving tooth 71 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The rotational connection between the driving tooth 71 and the frame 1 is realized through a plane bearing, and the driving tooth 71 and the X-spindle 52 are key-connected. The driven tooth 72 is meshed on one side of the driving tooth 71, and the transmission shaft 73 passes through the driven tooth 72. Both ends of the transmission shaft 73 are inserted with bearings and are rotatably connected to the frame 1. The transverse gear 74 is installed on the transmission shaft 73. The shift rack 75 is meshed with the rear side of the transverse gear 74 so that the sliding direction of the transverse rack 75 is the same as the rotation direction of the active gear 71, and a slide rail and a slide table are installed between the transverse rack 75 and the inner wall of the frame 1 to realize the sliding connection of the transverse rack 75 on the frame 1, and a limit plate 76 is installed on the rack. The two limit plates 76 are both mounted on the Y spindle 62, and the inner hole of the limit plate 76 and the Y spindle 62 are clearance-matched; the number of teeth of the active gear 71 is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear 72, the number of teeth of the transverse gear 74 is greater than the number of teeth of the driven gear 72, and the number of teeth of the active gear 71 should not be too many, otherwise it will increase the weight of the active gear 71, thereby affecting the sensitivity of the X-axis galvanometer 51 to the feedback of the control system.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 A retaining frame 761 is installed on one side of the limit plate 76 adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer 61, and a ball 762 is installed on the retaining frame 761, and the ball 762 is in contact with the left side or the right side of the Y-axis galvanometer 61; the retaining frame 761 is made of soft magnetic material; the retaining frame 761 is composed of two plates that are buckled together, and the ball 762 is embedded in the hole groove reserved in the retaining frame 761; when the Y-axis galvanometer 61 rotates continuously in a certain direction, the retaining frame 761 is powered off, and the left and right end surfaces of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 are in rolling contact with the ball 762; when the Y-axis galvanometer 61 adjusts the rotation direction, the retaining frame 761 is powered on, and the left and right end surfaces of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 are in sliding contact with the ball 762.

[0025] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 5, the X-axis spindle 52 includes a spline section 521 and a threaded section 522, and the X-axis galvanometer 51 is mounted on the spline section 521; the spline section 521 is located at the lower part of the X-axis spindle 52, and the threaded section 522 is located above the spline section 521, the pressing block 54 is mounted on the threaded section 522, and the inner ring of the pressing block 54 is provided with a thread meshing with the circumferential surface of the threaded section 522, and a slide rail and a slider (same as before) are arranged between the pressing block 54 and the frame 1 to realize the sliding connection of the pressing block 54 on the frame 1, one end of the spring 55 is connected to the lower part of the X-axis galvanometer 51, and the other end of the spring 55 is connected to the frame 1; a push rod is provided below the pressing block 54 to push against the upper end surface of the X-axis galvanometer 51, and a guide rod is provided on the frame 1, the spring 55 is sleeved on the guide rod, and the guide rod is inserted into the X-axis galvanometer 51, and a track groove for relative rotation of the guide rod and the Y-axis galvanometer 61 is provided on the X-axis galvanometer 51.

[0026] Working principle: The present invention shortens the axial width of the galvanometer mirror (i.e., the Y-axis galvanometer mirror 61 in the present invention) used for the second reflection of the laser in the existing five-axis laser etching device to reduce the mass of the Y-axis galvanometer mirror 61, thereby reducing its rotational inertia, making it sensitive to feedback from the control system, thereby improving the device's etching quality for complex curved surface cavity molds; and the reduction in the width of the Y-axis galvanometer mirror 61 will inevitably lead to a reduction in its reflection area for the laser, thereby limiting the specifications of the etchable mold. To solve this problem, the Y-axis galvanometer mirror 61 is made to perform axial sliding motion on the Y spindle 62, so that the Y axis accurately receives the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer mirror 51 through sliding (refer to Figures 6 to 8 ), to increase the reflection area of ​​the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to the laser; Specifically, in order to enable the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to not only rotate circumferentially following the Y-axis 62 but also slide axially along the Y-axis 62, the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and the Y-axis 62 are connected by a spline, so as to complete the circumferential positioning of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 on the Y-axis 62 without limiting the axial freedom of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 on the Y-axis 62, so that the Y-axis galvanometer 61 can still slide axially along the Y-axis 62 while following the deflection of the Y-axis motor 63; In order to enable the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to accurately receive the laser reflected by the X-axis galvanometer, the following settings are performed: 1) Make the axial sliding direction of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 consistent with the rotation direction of the X-axis galvanometer 51; specifically, the transverse shift rack 75 is meshed with the rear side of the transverse shift gear 74, so that when the active gear 71 rotates rightward following the X-axis 52, the transverse shift rack 75 can also drive the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to slide rightward; 2) Reduce the total transmission ratio of the transmission module 7 so that when the active tooth 71 rotates within an angle range of 90°, the lateral gear rack 75 can drive the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to slide a greater distance; specifically, the number of teeth of the active tooth 71 and the lateral gear 74 is greater than the number of teeth of the driven tooth 72; In order to reduce the friction between the limit plate 76 and the left and right end surfaces of the Y-axis galvanometer 61, so as to reduce the driving force required by the Y-axis galvanometer 61, thereby improving the sensitivity of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 to the feedback of the control system, a retaining frame 761 is installed on the side of the limit plate 76 adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer 61, and a ball 762 is installed on the retaining frame 761, and the ball 762 is made to fit with the left side or right side of the Y-axis galvanometer 61, so as to transform the original sliding surface contact into a rolling point contact; In order to shorten the braking time of the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and improve the efficiency of laser reciprocating focusing, the holder 761 is constructed of soft magnetic material, so that the holder 761 can adsorb the ball 762 when powered, so as to convert the rolling friction between the Y-axis galvanometer 61 and the ball 762 into sliding friction, thereby using the increased friction to quickly brake; In order to prevent the laser light emitted by the laser 3 from being concentrated in the fixed area of ​​the X-axis galvanometer 51 for a long time, thereby causing local heating and damaging the X-axis galvanometer 51, the pressing block 54 and the X-axis galvanometer 51 are respectively installed on the threaded section 522 and the spline section 521, and a spring 55 is installed under the X-axis galvanometer 51, so that the pressing block 54 is engaged with the threaded section 522, so that the pressing block 54 slides up and down with the rotation of the X-spindle 52, and then cooperates with the spring 55 under the X-axis galvanometer 51 to press down or pull up the X-axis galvanometer 51, thereby preventing the laser light emitted by the laser 3 from staying in a fixed small range of the X-axis galvanometer 51 for a long time.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A five-axis laser-based mold cavity complex curved surface etching device, comprising a frame (1), a fixture (2), a laser (3) and a dynamic focusing mirror (4), characterized in that: It also includes an X-axis module (5), a Y-axis module (6) and a transmission module (7), wherein the X-axis module (5) includes an X-axis galvanometer (51) and an X-axis spindle (52), and the Y-axis module (6) includes a Y-axis galvanometer (61) and a Y-axis spindle (62), wherein the X-axis galvanometer (51) is located on the left side of the dynamic focusing mirror (4), and the Y-axis galvanometer (61) is located in front of the X-axis galvanometer (51), and the X-axis spindle (52) and the Y-axis spindle (62) respectively penetrate the X-axis galvanometer (51) and the Y-axis galvanometer (61), and both the X-axis galvanometer (51) and the Y-axis galvanometer (61) slide along the penetration direction, and the transmission module (7) is installed between the X-axis spindle (52) and the Y-axis spindle (62); The X-axis main shaft (52) drives the X-axis galvanometer (51) to rotate and simultaneously drives the X-axis galvanometer (51) to slide up and down, and the transmission module (7) driven by the rotation of the X-axis main shaft (52) drives the Y-axis galvanometer (61) to slide left and right.

2. According to claim 1, a five-axis laser-based mold cavity complex curved surface etching device is characterized by: The Y-axis module (6) further comprises a Y-axis motor (63), the Y-axis motor (63) being mounted on the frame (1), and the output shaft of the Y-axis motor (63) being connected to the Y-spindle (62), and the Y-axis galvanometer (61) and the Y-spindle (62) being connected by a spline.

3. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-axis module (5) further comprises an X-axis motor (53), a pressure block (54) and a spring (55); the X-axis motor (53) is mounted on the frame (1), and the output shaft of the X-axis motor (53) is connected to the X-spindle (52); the transmission module (7) comprises a driving tooth (71), a driven tooth (72), a transmission shaft (73), a transverse gear (74) and a transverse rack (75); the driving tooth (71) is rotatably connected to the frame (1); The driven tooth (72) is meshed with one side of the driving tooth (71), the transmission shaft (73) passes through the driven tooth (72), the transverse shift gear (74) is mounted on the transmission shaft (73), the transverse shift rack (75) is meshed with the rear side of the transverse shift gear (74), and the transverse shift rack (75) is slidably connected to the frame (1), and a limit plate (76) is installed on the transverse shift rack (75), and the two limit plates (76) are both sleeved on the Y main shaft (62).

4. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the driving teeth (71) is greater than the number of teeth of the driven teeth (72), and the number of teeth of the transverse gear (74) is greater than the number of teeth of the driven teeth (72).

5. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 3, characterized in that: A retaining frame (761) is installed on one side of the limit plate (76) adjacent to the Y-axis galvanometer (61), and a ball (762) is installed on the retaining frame (761), and the ball (762) is fitted to the left side or the right side of the Y-axis galvanometer (61).

6. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The retaining frame (761) is made of soft magnetic material.

7. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The X-spindle (52) comprises a spline segment (521) and a threaded segment (522), and the X-axis galvanometer (51) is mounted on the spline segment (521).

8. The five-axis laser-based complex curved surface etching device for mold cavity according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spline section (521) is located at the bottom of the X-axis main shaft (52), the threaded section (522) is located above the spline section (521), the pressing block (54) is mounted on the threaded section (522), and the pressing block (54) is slidably connected to the frame (1), one end of the spring (55) is connected to the bottom of the X-axis galvanometer (51), and the other end of the spring (55) is connected to the frame (1).

Images