Efficient hot stripping cutter for solar photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient hot stripping cutter for a solar photovoltaic panel, which comprises a cutter rest and a cutter body, a mounting through hole longitudinally penetrating through a conductor is formed in the conductor, an insulating tube is mounted in the mounting through hole in an interference fit manner, a heating tube is inserted into the insulating tube, and the insulating tube separates the heating tube from the cutter body. The heating pipe is directly installed in the cutter body, meanwhile, the high-frequency heating technology is adopted, the heat effect directly acts on the surface of the cutter body through the surface eddy current effect generated by high-frequency current, the heat conduction process is omitted, the defects of low heat conduction efficiency and large loss are overcome, and the heat efficiency is greatly improved; the heat directly acts on the surface of the cutter body by the high-frequency current, so that even if the temperature is suddenly reduced, the heat compensation is very quick; the temperature sensor is installed near the cutting edge, the temperature of the cutting edge can be sensed more sensitively, and the temperature feedback efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmentally friendly recycling of solar photovoltaic panels, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency hot stripping tool for solar photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the solar photovoltaic module industry and technology, the installed capacity of solar photovoltaic panels has increased rapidly, but the larger the installed capacity, the more potential waste. Recycling discarded crystalline silicon solar cell modules at the end of their life cycle and due to technological development can effectively save natural resources and production costs, provide a large amount of silicon-based semiconductor basic materials and other available raw materials for the development of the solar photovoltaic cell industry, and ensure that crystalline silicon solar cells can be applied on a larger scale and the industry can be recycled and sustainable. It is of great practical significance to explore non-destructive physical disassembly methods for waste crystalline silicon solar cells, study low-cost recycling technology and basic equipment, and develop automated and efficient recycling processes to cope with the generation of large amounts of photovoltaic module waste.

[0003] Common solar photovoltaic panels are composed of solar cell film and back glass, which are bonded by EVA glue. The most critical step of this recycling technology is how to separate the two. Traditional recycling methods often use the method of first breaking the back glass into pieces, and then separating the small pieces of glass and the battery film by chemical dissolution and recycling them separately. This method is complex and inefficient, and produces polluting waste such as waste gas and waste liquid, which will cause secondary pollution, is very unfavorable to energy conservation and environmental protection, and is difficult to be accepted by the public.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202111129767 "Solar Photovoltaic Panel Hot Knife Stripping Device and Method" discloses a solar photovoltaic panel hot knife stripping device, whose pressing and conveying mechanism can adaptively fix and press according to solar photovoltaic panels of different thicknesses during operation, prevent the transmission deviation of the solar photovoltaic panels to ensure stable transmission, and ensure the close contact between the solar photovoltaic panels and the cutter, to prevent the photovoltaic glass panel from breaking during the stripping operation and causing stripping failure; the temperature control system heats the cutter to a constant working temperature, adjusts the temperature through temperature feedback for continuous operation of the cutter, and can monitor and adjust the cutter temperature in real time; the stripping hot knife roller combination mechanism is an actuator for completely stripping the glass plate and the solar cell film; the present invention can completely separate the back glass and the battery film of the waste solar photovoltaic panel by heating without damaging the photovoltaic module.

[0005] But there are mainly the following defects:

[0006] 1) The storage hole and the heating rod hole are set in the straight-row tool holder. The storage hole is used to place the heat storage ball (alumina corundum heat storage ball), and the heating rod hole is used to install the heating rod. That is, the heating rod first heats the straight-row tool holder, and then conducts the heat to the straight-row tool body by heat conduction. The ultimate goal is to heat the straight-row tool body. Indirect heating of the straight-row tool body by conduction determines the defects of low thermal efficiency and large heat loss of this method; even if the heat storage ball is placed in the storage hole, the above defects cannot be solved.

[0007] 2) The method of heating the straight blade body by heat conduction also directly leads to the defect that the temperature of the straight blade body drops suddenly when it contacts the photovoltaic panel but cannot be heated in time. The temperature of the blade of the straight blade body cannot be stabilized at the preset temperature, making it difficult to thermally strip and decompose the photovoltaic panel, and the scrap rate is greatly increased.

[0008] 3) The temperature sensor is buried at the root of the straight blade body inside the straight blade holder, which is far away from the blade of the straight blade holder. The effective position for thermal stripping of solar photovoltaic panels is the blade of the straight blade holder. Therefore, there is a gap between the temperature feedback from the temperature sensor and the actual effective value, especially when the blade temperature changes instantaneously. The temperature sensor cannot make timely feedback and has a large lag, and the temperature drop will cause the thermal stripping of photovoltaic panels to fail.

[0009] 4) Since the patent adopts the method of indirect heating of the straight-row tool body, in order to reduce heat loss and improve thermal efficiency, it is necessary to use an insulation layer to completely wrap the outer wall of the straight-row tool holder, which increases the complexity of the mechanism.

[0010] 5) The straight-row tool holder is provided with a variety of structures such as storage holes, heating rod holes, heating rods, and heat storage balls, which leads to a complex structure of the straight-row tool holder, greatly increases the difficulty of processing and manufacturing, and significantly increases the manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool that greatly improves thermal efficiency.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool, including a tool holder and a tool body, a mounting through hole longitudinally penetrating the conductor is opened inside the conductor, an insulating tube is installed in the mounting through hole by interference fit, a heating tube is inserted into the insulating tube, and the insulating tube separates the heating tube and the tool body.

[0013] Furthermore, two mounting through holes are longitudinally penetrated inside the conductor, and an insulating tube is interference fit in each mounting through hole; the heating tube is a hollow copper tube bent into a U-shape, and two straight tubes of the U-shape hollow copper tube are respectively inserted into the insulating tubes of the two mounting through holes, and the ends of the two straight tubes extend out of the mounting through holes to be connected to an external high-frequency generator.

[0014] Furthermore, the insulating tube includes a plurality of hollow ceramic round tubes, which are evenly arranged in the mounting through hole along the axial direction of the mounting through hole, and the gap between two hollow ceramic round tubes does not exceed 5 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of temperature sensors are evenly installed on the upper surface of the blade body along the length direction of the blade body.

[0016] Furthermore, an installation groove for installing a temperature sensor is processed on the upper surface of the blade body along the length direction and at both ends and the middle position, and the three installation grooves are equidistant from each other and the spacing is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the blade body.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the mounting through hole on the blade body is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the maximum thickness of the blade body, the spacing between the two mounting through holes is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the blade body, and the centers of the two mounting through holes are centered in the thickness direction of the blade body.

[0018] Furthermore, a lower thermal insulation pad is provided between the lower surface of the blade body and the blade holder, and a rear thermal insulation pad is provided between the rear of the blade body and the blade holder; the materials of the lower thermal insulation pad and the rear thermal insulation pad are both glass fiber; the thickness of the lower thermal insulation pad is 3 to 5 mm, and the thickness of the rear thermal insulation pad is 5 to 7 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the plane of the tool holder for mounting the tool body is tilted upward, and the tilt angle is 5° to 8°.

[0020] Furthermore, cooling liquid is passed into the hollow interior of the heating tube.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, which reads the knife body temperature fed back by the temperature sensor. If the temperature is lower than the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is started to input high-frequency current to the heating tube to heat the knife body with maximum power; if the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is turned off and the input of high-frequency current to the heating tube to heat the knife body is stopped; if the temperature is at the lower limit of the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is kept started, and the high-frequency current is continued to be input to the heating tube to heat the knife body with 40% to 60% of the maximum power; if the temperature is at the upper limit of the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is kept started, and the high-frequency current is continued to be input to the heating tube to heat the knife body with 20% to 30% of the maximum power.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool of the present invention directly installs the heating tube inside the tool body, and adopts high-frequency heating technology at the same time. The surface eddy current effect generated by the high-frequency current directly acts on the surface of the tool body, eliminating the heat conduction process, avoiding the shortcomings of low heat conduction efficiency and large losses, and greatly improving the thermal efficiency; and the high-frequency current directly acts on the surface of the tool body, even if the temperature drops suddenly, the heat is replenished very quickly; the temperature sensor is installed near the blade, which can more sensitively sense the blade temperature and improve the temperature feedback efficiency; the present invention fundamentally improves the equipment performance, greatly improves the smoothness of the thermal stripping decomposition of the photovoltaic panel, improves the working efficiency of the production line and the equipment reliability, and makes the technical route for physical recycling of photovoltaic components a big step forward in maturity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle tool holder structure;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the use process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-2 The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool shown in the figure comprises a tool holder 1 and a tool body 2. The tool body 2 is screwed to the tool holder 1 by means of screws 7, spring washers 8 and flat washers 9. A lower heat insulation pad 3 is provided between the lower surface of the tool body 2 and the tool holder 1, and a rear heat insulation pad 4 is provided between the rear of the tool body 2 and the tool holder 1, thereby separating the tool body 2 from the tool holder 1. An installation through hole 11 is provided inside the conductor 2 and longitudinally penetrates the conductor 2. An insulating tube 5 is installed in the installation through hole by means of interference fit. A heating tube 6 is inserted into the insulating tube 5, and the insulating tube 5 separates the heating tube 6 from the tool body 2. A plurality of temperature sensors 10 are longitudinally installed on the upper surface of the tool body 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, Figure 2The conductor 2 shown has two mounting holes 11 extending longitudinally through the conductor 2, and an insulating tube 5 is interference-fitted in each mounting hole 11; the insulating tube 5 includes a plurality of hollow ceramic round tubes, which are evenly spaced in the mounting hole 11 along the axial direction of the mounting hole 11, and the gap between two hollow ceramic round tubes does not exceed 5 mm; the heating tube 6 is a U-shaped hollow copper tube bent, and the two straight tubes of the U-shaped hollow copper tube are respectively inserted into the insulating tubes 5 of the two mounting holes 11, and the ends of the two straight tubes extend out of the mounting holes to connect with an external high-frequency generator. When a high-frequency current is passed through the heating tube 6, the blade body 2 generates an eddy current effect on its surface under the action of electromagnetic induction, and the surface temperature is rapidly increased, so that the thermal effect is mainly concentrated on the surface of the blade body 2, avoiding the disadvantages of a long heat conduction process and large losses, improving the thermal efficiency of the system, and saving energy consumption.

[0030] The cross section of the cutter body 2 is a right-angled trapezoid, in which the vertex of one acute angle is the blade, and the blade is the working surface of the cutter; the diameter of the mounting hole 11 on the cutter body 2 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the maximum thickness of the cutter body 2, the spacing between the two mounting holes 11 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the cutter body 2, and the centers of the two mounting holes 11 are in the middle position in the thickness direction of the cutter body 2; a countersunk hole is processed on the upper surface of the cutter body 2 for installing a screw 7, and the depth of the countersunk hole can ensure that the head of the screw 7 does not protrude from the upper surface of the cutter body 2; an mounting groove 12 for installing a temperature sensor 10 is processed along the length direction and at both ends and the middle position of the upper surface of the cutter body 2, and the spacing between the three mounting grooves 12 is equal, and the spacing is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the cutter body 2; one end of the mounting groove 12 passes through the rear of the cutter body 2, and the other end is a circular arc surface, and the top of the circular arc surface is 3 to 5 mm away from the blade of the cutter body 2.

[0031] The lower thermal insulation pad 3 and the rear thermal insulation pad 4 are both made of glass fiber; the thickness of the lower thermal insulation pad 3 is 3-5 mm, and the thickness of the rear thermal insulation pad 4 is 5-7 mm; if there is enough space, the lower thermal insulation pad 3 and the rear thermal insulation pad 4 are preferably thicker products. The thicker the thickness, the better the thermal insulation effect, which can reduce the heat loss caused by heat conduction, improve the thermal efficiency of the blade 2, and save energy. The temperature sensor uses a high-sensitivity thermocouple.

[0032] like Figure 3 The plane of the tool holder 1 used to install the tool body 2 is tilted upward, and the tilt angle is 5° to 8°, which makes it easy for the blade of the tool body 2 to cut into the EVA adhesive layer of the photovoltaic panel; a positioning groove is processed at the contact surface between the tool holder 1 and the rear insulation pad 4, and the rear insulation pad 4 is embedded in the positioning groove.

[0033] The heating tube 6 is a U-shaped hollow copper tube. A coolant is introduced into the hollow interior of the heating tube 6. The coolant is usually tap water at room temperature. A constant temperature water cooler can also be used to circulate and cool the heating tube 6.

[0034] The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool of the present invention also includes a controller, which reads the temperature of the knife body 2 fed back by the temperature sensor. If the temperature is lower than the preset temperature range (250°C to 350°C), the high-frequency generator is started to input high-frequency current (20kHz to 1MHz) to the heating tube 6 to heat the knife body 2 at maximum power; if the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is turned off, and the input of high-frequency current to the heating tube to heat the knife body 2 is stopped; if the temperature is at the lower limit of the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is kept started, and the high-frequency current is continued to be input to the heating tube to heat the knife body 2 at 40% to 60% (preferably 50%) of the maximum power; if the temperature is at the upper limit of the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is kept started, and the high-frequency current is continued to be input to the heating tube to heat the knife body 2 at 20% to 30% (preferably 25%) of the maximum power.

[0035] In view of a series of problems in the prior art such as low thermal efficiency of indirect heating, large heat loss, slow heat replenishment when the temperature drops suddenly, low feedback efficiency of temperature sensor, complex structure, and great difficulty in processing and manufacturing; the solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool of the present invention directly installs the heating tube inside the tool body, and adopts high-frequency heating technology at the same time. The surface eddy current effect generated by the high-frequency current directly acts on the surface of the tool body through the surface eddy current effect, thus eliminating the heat conduction process, avoiding the shortcomings of low heat conduction efficiency and large loss, and greatly improving the thermal efficiency; and the high-frequency current directly acts on the surface of the tool body with heat, so even if the temperature drops suddenly, the heat is replenished very quickly; the temperature sensor is installed near the blade, which can more sensitively sense the blade temperature and improve the temperature feedback efficiency; at the same time, the controller can more accurately control the temperature of the tool body through control methods such as PID control, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the equipment, thereby eliminating structures such as heat storage balls and insulation layers, simplifying the structure, and reducing the complexity of the structure while greatly reducing the difficulty of processing and manufacturing. The present invention fundamentally improves the performance of the equipment, greatly enhances the smoothness of thermal stripping and decomposition of photovoltaic panels, improves the working efficiency of the production line and the reliability of the equipment, and makes a major step forward in the maturity of the technical route for physical recycling of photovoltaic components.

[0036] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel thermal stripping device installed with the present invention. It mainly includes: a solar photovoltaic panel thermal stripping tool of the present invention, a photovoltaic panel 13, a photovoltaic panel glass 14 after thermal stripping, a photovoltaic panel back panel 18 after thermal stripping, an equipment base 17, an upper roller 15 and a lower roller 16. The solar photovoltaic panel thermal stripping tool and the lower roller of the present invention are both installed on the equipment base; the upper roller is installed on the lower roller, and the upper roller and the lower roller form a roller group with a conveying function in pairs to realize the conveying of the photovoltaic panel. A total of three pairs are provided in this application example. The photovoltaic panel enters from the right side of the equipment, and after being conveyed by two groups of rollers, it reaches the blade of the thermal stripping tool. The thermal stripping tool thermally strips and decomposes the photovoltaic panel into photovoltaic panel glass and photovoltaic panel back panel.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool, characterized by: The invention comprises a knife holder (1) and a knife body (2); a mounting through hole (11) is provided inside the conductor (2) and penetrates the conductor (2) longitudinally; an insulating tube (5) is mounted in the mounting through hole (11) by interference fit; a heating tube (6) is inserted into the insulating tube (5); and the insulating tube (5) separates the heating tube (6) from the knife body (2).

2. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (2) has two mounting through holes (11) extending longitudinally through the conductor (2), and an insulating tube (5) is interference-fitted in each mounting through hole (11); the heating tube (6) is a hollow copper tube bent into a U shape, and two straight tubes of the U shape hollow copper tube are respectively inserted into the insulating tubes (5) of the two mounting through holes (11), and the ends of the two straight tubes extend out of the mounting through holes to be connected to an external high frequency generator.

3. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The insulating tube (5) comprises a plurality of hollow ceramic round tubes, which are evenly spaced in the installation through hole (11) along the axial direction of the installation through hole (11), and the gap between two hollow ceramic round tubes does not exceed 5 mm.

4. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of temperature sensors (10) are installed on the upper surface of the blade body (2) along the length direction of the blade body (2) and at even intervals.

5. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the blade body (2) is processed with an installation groove (12) for installing a temperature sensor (10) along the length direction and at both ends and the middle position, and the three installation grooves (12) are spaced at equal intervals, and the interval is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the blade body (2).

6. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the mounting through hole (11) on the blade body (2) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the maximum thickness of the blade body (2), the spacing between the two mounting through holes (11) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the blade body (2), and the centers of the two mounting through holes (11) are located in the middle in the thickness direction of the blade body (2).

7. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A lower thermal insulation pad (3) is provided between the lower surface of the blade body (2) and the blade holder (1), and a rear thermal insulation pad (4) is provided between the rear of the blade body (2) and the blade holder (1); the lower thermal insulation pad (3) and the rear thermal insulation pad (4) are both made of glass fiber; the thickness of the lower thermal insulation pad (3) is 3 to 5 mm, and the thickness of the rear thermal insulation pad (4) is 5 to 7 mm.

8. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plane of the tool holder (1) used to mount the tool body (2) is tilted upwards, with an inclination angle of 5° to 8°.

9. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Cooling liquid is passed into the hollow interior of the heating tube (6).

10. The solar photovoltaic panel high-efficiency thermal stripping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller also includes a controller, which reads the temperature of the blade body (2) fed back by the temperature sensor. If the temperature is lower than the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is started to input high-frequency current to the heating tube (6) to heat the blade body (2) at maximum power; if the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is turned off to stop inputting high-frequency current to the heating tube to heat the blade body (2); if the temperature is at a lower limit value of the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is kept started and high-frequency current is continued to be input to the heating tube to heat the blade body (2) at 40 to 60% of the maximum power; if the temperature is at an upper limit value of the preset temperature range, the high-frequency generator is kept started and high-frequency current is continued to be input to the heating tube to heat the blade body (2) at 20 to 30% of the maximum power.

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