Sand box system for railway vehicle, design method of sand box system and railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a sand box system for a railway vehicle, a design method of the sand box system and the railway vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering. The sand box system for the railway vehicle comprises a sand box, the sand box comprises an upper conical structure, a middle cylindrical structure and a lower conical structure which are sequentially in butt joint from top to bottom, the small-diameter end of the upper conical structure is located at the upper end, the small-diameter end of the lower conical structure is located at the lower end, and all sections, perpendicular to the axial direction, of the upper conical structure and the lower conical structure are round; the plurality of lifting lugs are sequentially fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure in the circumferential direction; and the sand injection cylinder is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure and is communicated with the interior of the sand box. The periphery of the upper conical structure can provide a certain avoiding and mounting space for mounting the lifting lug and the sand injection cylinder, so that the lifting lug and the upper conical structure can be partially used together in the vertical direction, the lifting lug does not need to be completely arranged on the top surface of the sand box and is higher than the sand box, and the utilization rate of the sand box to the vertical space is favorably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, and in particular to a sand box system for a rail vehicle and a design method thereof, and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In an existing sand box system for rail vehicles, a sand box with a rectangular main body is used. This structure is relatively regular, and a lifting lug is set on the top surface of the sand box to connect the vehicle body. Since the sand box and the lifting lug occupy space in the vertical direction respectively, the utilization rate of the vertical space of the sand box is reduced, and the sand box capacity setting is limited.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of the vertical space of the sand box is a technical problem that technicians in this field currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a sand box system for a rail vehicle and a design method thereof, and a rail vehicle, which can improve the utilization rate of the sand box to the vertical space.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A sand box system for rail vehicles, comprising: a sand box, the sand box comprising an upper conical structure, a middle cylindrical structure and a lower conical structure connected in sequence from top to bottom, the small diameter end of the upper conical structure is at the upper end, the small diameter end of the lower conical structure is at the lower end, and each cross section of the upper conical structure and the lower conical structure perpendicular to the axial direction is circular; a plurality of lifting ears, fixed in sequence along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure; a sand injection cylinder, fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure and connected to the interior of the sand box.

[0007] Exemplarily, the sand injection cylinder extends gradually and tilted downward in a direction approaching the upper conical structure.

[0008] Exemplarily, the top of the sand injection cylinder is an arc-shaped wall, and the center line of the arc-shaped wall is along the extension direction of the sand injection cylinder.

[0009] Exemplarily, a sand level display window is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure, and the sand level display window is located directly below the sand injection cylinder; an electronic sand level display device is also connected to the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure.

[0010] Exemplarily, the centerline of the lower conical structure is arranged on the first axis and is collinear or parallel to the second axis; the centerline of the upper conical structure and the centerline of the middle cylindrical structure are collinear and are both arranged on the second axis; the acute angle between the second axis and the line connecting the first intersection point of the bottom surface of the lower conical structure and the first axis and the line connecting the second intersection point of the top surface of the upper conical structure and the second axis is not greater than 5°.

[0011] Exemplarily, the lower conical structure is a truncated cone structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure and a preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

[0012] A method for designing a sand box system for a rail vehicle is used to design a sand box system for a rail vehicle as described above, the method comprising: determining a range of motion of a sand spreading hose, wherein a first end of the sand spreading hose is used to connect to a bogie, and a second end is used to connect to the lower conical structure; predicting the position of an axis line of the lower conical structure as a predicted axis line based on the range of motion; determining whether a range in which the predicted axis line deviates from an axis line of a middle cylindrical structure is within a preset eccentric range; if so, setting the axis line of the lower conical structure on the predicted axis line, otherwise, setting the axis line of the lower conical structure on an axis line at the edge of the preset eccentric range.

[0013] Exemplarily, the lower conical structure is a truncated cone structure; the method further comprises: determining the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure and a preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

[0014] Exemplarily, it also includes: a sand level display window is arranged on the middle cylindrical structure, and an upper sand level line located at the top and a lower sand level line located at the bottom are arranged on the sand level display window; wherein, the sand injection port of the sand injection tube away from the sand box is higher than the upper sand level line; wherein, the ratio of the volume of the part of the sand box located below the upper sand level line to the effective volume of the sand box is not less than 3 / 4, and the effective volume is the sum of the volumes of the middle cylindrical structure and the lower conical structure.

[0015] A rail vehicle comprises the above sand box system for rail vehicles.

[0016] The sand box system for rail vehicles provided by the present invention comprises: a sand box, the sand box comprises an upper conical structure, a middle cylindrical structure and a lower conical structure which are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the small diameter end of the upper conical structure is at the upper end, the small diameter end of the lower conical structure is at the lower end, and each cross section of the upper conical structure and the lower conical structure perpendicular to the axial direction is circular; a plurality of lifting ears are fixed in sequence on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure along the circumferential direction; a sand injection cylinder is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure and is connected to the interior of the sand box.

[0017] In this sand box system, the upper part of the sand box is an upper conical structure, and a certain avoidance and installation space can be provided on its outer periphery for installing the lifting ear and the sand injection cylinder, so that in the vertical direction, the lifting ear and the upper conical structure can have a partially commonly used space, and the lifting ear does not need to be completely arranged on the top surface of the sand box and higher than the sand box, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the vertical space of the sand box; the lower part of the sand box is a lower conical structure, which is beneficial to the outflow of quartz sand from the lower part, thereby ensuring the efficient utilization of quartz sand; the middle part of the sand box adopts a middle cylindrical structure, which can ensure the capacity of the sand box; the setting of a circular section perpendicular to the axial direction on the sand box can improve the uniformity of force at various locations inside the sand box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is an assembly diagram of a sand box system and a sand spreading hose according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A first isometric view of a sand box system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A second isometric view of the sand box system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is an assembly diagram of the sand box system and the equipment cabin of the specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A design diagram of a sand box according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The axial projection of the sand box in , where W is the top surface of the upper conical structure and Y is the bottom surface of the lower conical structure.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] Skirt plate sand injection valve 1;

[0027] Sand box 2, upper conical structure 21, upper mounting surface 211, middle cylindrical structure 22, sand level display window 221, lower conical structure 23, lower mounting surface 231;

[0028] Lug 3;

[0029] Sand injection tube 4, sand injection port 41;

[0030] Sanding hose 5;

[0031] Sand spreading unit sand outlet 6;

[0032] Electronic sand level display device 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The core of the present invention is to provide a sand box system for a rail vehicle and a design method thereof, and a rail vehicle, which can improve the utilization rate of the sand box to the vertical space.

[0035] For a specific embodiment of the sand box system for rail vehicles provided by the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , including: a sand box 2, a lifting lug 3 and a sand injection tube 4. According to the sand spreading function requirements, the sand box 2 is generally arranged near the bogie and installed on the car body chassis. When designing the shape, various factors such as the car body and the amount of sand in operation are specifically considered.

[0036] The sand box 2 includes an upper conical structure 21, a middle cylindrical structure 22 and a lower conical structure 23 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The upper conical structure 21, the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the lower conical structure 23 are connected internally to form the internal space of the sand box 2. The small diameter end of the upper conical structure 21 is at the upper end, and the small diameter end of the lower conical structure 23 is at the lower end. The upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 are circular in each cross section perpendicular to the axial direction. The sand box 2 is a flying saucer structure as a whole.

[0037] The wall thicknesses of the upper conical structure 21 , the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the lower conical structure 23 are set as required, and specifically can be of different thicknesses, so as to achieve weight reduction while meeting the requirement of withstanding the internal pressure of the sand box 2 .

[0038] The cross-sections of the upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 parallel to the axial direction are specifically trapezoidal. Accordingly, the upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 are truncated cone structures. In other embodiments, they may also be conical structures.

[0039] Among them, the axial dimension of the upper conical structure 21 and the axial dimension of the lower conical structure 23 (corresponding to the height direction) can be set to be no larger than the axial dimension of the middle cylindrical structure 22, so that the overall shape of the sand box 2 is biased towards a cylindrical structure. Compared with the square structure, it is more conducive to bearing the internal pressure of the sand box 2, and the force is evenly distributed, which is conducive to ensuring the capacity.

[0040] At this time, an avoidance space is formed around the upper conical structure 21, which can be specifically adapted to the vehicle body underframe curved beam structure while avoiding other surrounding components such as cables; it can also be used as an installation space to accommodate at least part of the lifting lugs 3 and the sand injection cylinder 4.

[0041] There are multiple, for example, four, lifting ears 3, which are fixed to the outer circumference of the upper conical structure 21 in sequence along the circumferential direction. The upper part of the lifting ear 3 can be fixed to the upper conical structure 21, and the lower part can be fixed to the outer circumference of the middle cylindrical structure 22; or, the lifting ear 3 can be fixedly connected to the upper conical structure 21 only.

[0042] Specifically, the lifting lug 3 can be welded to the flask 2. The lifting lug 3 can extend downwardly along a direction close to the flask 2.

[0043] In addition, each lifting lug 3 can be set to the same structure. In order to ensure balanced lifting capacity, all lifting lugs 3 can be evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. Specifically, the lifting lug 3 can include a top plate and side plates arranged on both sides below the top plate in the circumferential direction. The side plates are welded to the sand box 2, and the top plate can be used to connect the car body. This type of lifting lug 3 has a simple structure and is easy to process. Depending on the lifting position, the height of each lifting lug 3 can be the same or different. In addition, the lifting lug 3 can be an integrally formed structure.

[0044] The sand injection tube 4 is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure 21 and is connected to the interior of the sand box 2. The sand injection tube 4 can be located between two adjacent lifting ears in the circumferential direction. At this time, the volume sum of the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the lower conical structure 23 is the effective volume of the sand box 2 to store sand stably, and the upper conical structure 21 can be used as a sand injection space for receiving the sand of the sand injection tube 4, avoiding occupying the separate space on the top of the middle cylindrical structure 22 for receiving the sand of the sand injection tube 4.

[0045] In the sand box system of this embodiment, the upper part of the sand box 2 is an upper conical structure 21, and a certain avoidance and installation space can be provided on its outer periphery for installing the lifting ear 3 and the sand injection tube 4, so that in the vertical direction, the lifting ear 3 and the upper conical structure 21 can have a partially commonly used space, and the lifting ear 3 does not need to be completely arranged on the top surface of the sand box 2 and higher than the sand box 2, which is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the vertical space of the sand box 2; the lower part of the sand box 2 is a lower conical structure 23, which is beneficial to the outflow of quartz sand from the lower part, thereby ensuring the efficient utilization of quartz sand; the middle part of the sand box 2 adopts a middle cylindrical structure 22, which can ensure the capacity of the sand box 2; the setting of the circular cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction on the sand box 2 can improve the uniformity of the force at various locations inside the sand box 2.

[0046] On the sand injection tube 4, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sand injection tube 4 gradually extends downward along the direction close to the upper conical structure 21, and can guide the quartz sand to fall into the sand box 2. In addition to setting the slope, the sand injection tube 4 should also be as short as possible to facilitate the flow of sand during sand injection.

[0047] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the end of the sand injection tube 4 away from the upper conical structure 21 is provided with a sand injection port 41, which can be a plane opening parallel to the axial direction of the middle cylindrical structure 22 to ensure the sand injection area and facilitate sand injection. Figure 4 As shown, a sand box cover is provided on the sand injection port 41, which faces the skirt sand injection valve 1 of the equipment cabin to facilitate the operation of the staff.

[0048] Specifically, when setting the sand injection port 41, its height may be combined with the average height of the workers. For example, the sand injection port 41 may be slightly higher than the workers' line of sight or flush with the workers' line of sight.

[0049] Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top of the sand injection cylinder 4 is an arc-shaped wall, and the center line of the arc-shaped wall is along the extension direction of the sand injection cylinder 4, which has a guiding effect.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, a sand level display window 221 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure 22, and the sand level display window 221 is located directly below the sand injection cylinder 4, so that the sand level can be observed conveniently.

[0051] In addition, an electronic sand level display device 7 is also connected to the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure 22, and the electronic sand level display device 7 can be arranged close to each other so as to uniformly observe the sand level display window 221 and the electronic sand level display device 7. Specifically, when connecting the electronic sand level display device 7, a hanger can be welded on the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure 22, and the electronic sand level display device 7 is hung below the hanger. In addition, devices such as a sand spreading junction box can also be hung on the hanger. In addition, the bottom mounting surface of the hanger can be close to the bottom surface of the middle cylindrical structure 22, and can be flush with it. The electronic sand level display device 7 and the lower conical structure 23 are arranged side by side perpendicular to the axial direction. At this time, there is a gap between the outer circumference of the lower conical structure 23 and the electronic sand level display device 7, which is convenient for the maintenance of the electronic sand level display device 7.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the axis of the lower conical structure 23 is arranged on the first axis and is collinear or parallel to the second axis. The axis of the upper conical structure 21 and the axis of the middle cylindrical structure 22 are arranged collinearly and are both arranged on the second axis. The acute angle β between the line connecting the first intersection point of the bottom surface of the lower conical structure 23 and the first axis and the line connecting the second intersection point of the top surface of the upper conical structure 21 and the second axis and the second axis is not greater than 5°.

[0053] At this time, the lower conical structure 23 can be colinear or eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of the upper conical structure 21 and the middle cylindrical structure 22 to meet the installation requirements of the sand spreading hose 5 between the sand box system and the bogie. However, the degree of eccentricity is within the constraint range to ensure that the lower conical structure 23 has a large degree of inclination at the same time.

[0054] To expand on this, Figure 6 As shown, the bottom surface of the lower conical structure 23 is a lower mounting surface 231 for mounting the sand spreading unit. When the lower conical structure 23 is eccentrically arranged relative to the middle cylindrical structure 22, the lower mounting surface 231 of the lower conical structure 23 forms an eccentric structure relative to the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the upper conical structure 21 above, so as to ensure that the movement state of the sand spreading hose 5 between the sand outlet and the bogie is within the requirements.

[0055] In addition, the lower conical structure 23 is a truncated cone structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35 degrees. At this time, the sand flowing angle of the lower conical structure 23 is not less than 35 degrees, which is conducive to the quartz sand flowing out from the bottom, thereby ensuring the efficient use of the quartz sand and the sand falling capacity and speed of the lower conical structure 23.

[0056] In addition to the above-mentioned sand box system for rail vehicles, the present invention also provides a design method for a sand box system for rail vehicles, which is used to design the sand box system for rail vehicles in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0057] Among them, during the design process, the external structure design of the sand box system needs to take into account a certain volume, the sand flow angle at the bottom of the sand box 2, the height of the sand injection port 41 to meet the convenience of sand injection operation, sand position display, etc., while adapting to vehicle installation requirements, such as avoiding other components; at the same time, according to the above functional use, daily operation, inspection and maintenance of the sand box 2, the external structure of the sand box 2 is obtained.

[0058] The specific embodiment 1 of the design method provided by the present invention specifically includes:

[0059] Determine the range of motion of the sand spreading hose 5, wherein the first end of the sand spreading hose 5 is used to connect to the bogie, and the second end is used to connect to the lower conical structure 23;

[0060] According to the movement range of the sanding hose 5, the position of the axis of the lower conical structure 23 is predicted as the predicted axis;

[0061] Determine whether the range of the predicted axis deviation from the axis centerline of the middle cylindrical structure 22 is within a preset eccentricity range;

[0062] If so, the axis of the lower conical structure 23 is set on the predicted axis. Otherwise, the axis of the lower conical structure 23 is set on an axis at the edge of the preset eccentric range.

[0063] The activity space of the sand-spreading hose 5 includes various positions of the sand-spreading hose 5 under various operating conditions of the bogie. The position of the sand outlet at the sand box end is determined by simulating the activity space of the sand-spreading hose 5, and then the eccentricity of the lower conical structure 23 is determined.

[0064] By combining the movement requirements of the sand-spreading hose 5, the eccentricity of the lower conical structure 23 is determined so that the position of the lower conical structure 23 can match the movement requirements of the sand-spreading hose 5. At the same time, by setting a constraint value, such as the angle β mentioned in the above embodiment, it is possible to avoid excessive eccentricity of the lower conical structure 23 relative to the middle cylindrical structure 22.

[0065] Further, the lower conical structure 23 is a truncated cone structure. On this basis, the embodiment of the design method further includes: determining the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

[0066] At this time, the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 can be set first in combination with the volume requirement of the lower conical structure 23. When the volume requirement of the lower conical structure 23 is met, if the acute angle between the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction (the angle located on the outside of the peripheral wall) is less than 35°, the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 is radially expanded accordingly to meet the angle requirement.

[0067] Furthermore, the embodiment of the design method also includes:

[0068] A sand level display window 221 is provided on the middle cylindrical structure 22, and an upper sand level line at the top and a lower sand level line at the bottom are provided on the sand level display window 221;

[0069] Wherein, the sand injection port 41 of the sand injection tube 4 away from the sand box 2 is higher than the upper sand level line;

[0070] The ratio of the volume of the part below the upper sand level line in the sand box 2 to the effective volume of the sand box 2 is not less than 3 / 4, and the effective volume is the sum of the volumes of the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the lower conical structure 23 .

[0071] The lower sand level line is higher than the bottom surface of the middle cylindrical structure 22 .

[0072] At this time, the sand level line can be used as a basis to divide different areas and structures for easy processing.

[0073] Specifically, during the design process, factors that need to be considered include:

[0074] Vehicle body structure factors: The shape of the overall sand box 2 is determined according to the vehicle body structure, which is suitable for the shape of the sand box 2 hung on the vehicle body frame or hung through the transition beam.

[0075] Activity factors of sand-spreading hose 5: sand box 2 is installed on the vehicle chassis, and sand-spreading port is installed on the bogie. The two need to be connected by sand-spreading hose 5 to adapt to the relative movement between the bogie and the vehicle body. Therefore, the position of the sand outlet below the sand-spreading unit on the sand box 2 needs to be determined. The sand-spreading effect needs to be considered in this position determination. The position of the sand outlet is designed to be higher than any point where the sand-spreading hose 5 is connected to the sand-spreading port of the bogie to ensure the effective flow of sand. At the same time, since the bogie has a variety of operating conditions, the activity of the sand-spreading hose 5 must meet various operating conditions without any faults such as breakage. The position of the sand outlet is determined by the activity state of the sand-spreading hose 5.

[0076] Sand box 2 volume factor: The volume of sand box 2 is determined according to the operating mileage of the EMU, weather, line and other conditions. The space occupied by sand box 2 is affected by the volume of sand box 2, which in turn affects the shape of sand box 2, such as the determination of the cylindrical diameter of sand box 2.

[0077] Factors of sand injection port 41 height: Sand injection operation is generally performed through the skirt plate sand injection valve 1. The height of the skirt plate sand injection valve 1 is limited by the vehicle chassis, and the use environment is also considered, such as the parking condition of the EMU in the maintenance depot, combined with the convenience of personnel operation. The height of the sand injection port 41 is set within a certain range, and the distance between the sand injection port 41 and the skirt plate is controlled within a certain range. The sand port slope design, the height setting of the sand injection port 41, and the distance between the sand injection port 41 and the skirt plate should be convenient for sand injection operation.

[0078] Sand level display line factors: Generally, the sand box 2 sets two sand level lines, namely, a high sand level line and a low sand level line, or an upper sand level line and a lower sand level line. The high sand level line corresponds to the effective volume of the quartz sand in the sand box 2 not less than a certain range, and the low sand level line corresponds to the effective volume of the quartz sand in the sand box 2 within a certain range. The horizontal position of the lower edge of the sand injection port 41 should be higher than the high sand level line.

[0079] The above factors affecting the shape of the sand box 2 are usually considered in turn and influence each other. Through adjustment, the shape and structure design of the sand box 2 is completed.

[0080] In summary, the design process needs to be considered in sequence: preliminarily design the external structure of the sand box 2 according to the vehicle body structure and the arrangement of components around the sand box 2 to meet the requirements of loading; consider from the perspective of the performance of the sand box 2, including the volume of the sand box 2, the setting of the sand level line, the sand flow angle at the bottom of the sand box 2, the position of the sand outlet 6 of the sand spreading unit at the bottom of the sand box 2, the lifting ear 3 of the sand box 2, etc.; from the perspective of daily operation and maintenance, the sand injection port 41 of the sand box 2 is designed to facilitate sand injection operation, the sand level line design meets the requirements for observing the corresponding sand amount, and the electronic sand position display is convenient for intuitive observation.

[0081] In a specific sand box system, the specific formulas and design parameters include:

[0082]

[0083] The parameters of a sand box system designed with 40L (effective volume) are:

[0084]

[0085] The formula involved is as follows:

[0086] Formula (1)

[0087] Formula (2)

[0088] Formula (3)

[0089] Formula (4)

[0090] Formula (5)

[0091] Formula (6)

[0092] Formula (7)

[0093] Formula (8)

[0094] Formula (9)

[0095] Formula (10)

[0096] Taking into account the location and spatial arrangement of the sand box on the vehicle, the bottom inclination, the effective volume, and the high and low sand position volumes, the relevant dimensions of the sand box are determined as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, the eccentric angle range in the y direction is similar to that in the x direction; the bottom eccentric angle β is mainly limited by the minimum bottom inclination angle α during the design process, and the influence of the position of the lower sand spreading unit is also considered.

[0099] In addition to the above-mentioned sand box system for rail vehicles, the present invention also provides a rail vehicle, which includes a sand box system for rail vehicles. The sand box system for rail vehicles can be specifically a sand box system for rail vehicles provided in any of the above embodiments, and the beneficial effects can be referred to the above embodiments accordingly. The structures of other parts of the rail vehicle can refer to the prior art, which will not be described in detail herein. The rail vehicle can be specifically an EMU.

[0100] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed" to another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an element in the middle. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an element in the middle. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple", "multiple roots", "multiple groups" mean two or more.

[0101] The terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0102] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0103] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0104] The above is a detailed introduction to the sand box system for rail vehicles and its design method, as well as rail vehicles provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand box system for rail vehicles, characterized in that: include: A sand box (2), the sand box (2) comprising an upper conical structure (21), a middle cylindrical structure (22) and a lower conical structure (23) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the small diameter end of the upper conical structure (21) is at the upper end, the small diameter end of the lower conical structure (23) is at the lower end, and each cross section of the upper conical structure (21) and the lower conical structure (23) perpendicular to the axial direction is circular; A plurality of lifting ears (3) are fixed in sequence along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure (21); The sand injection cylinder (4) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper conical structure (21) and is connected to the interior of the sand box (2).

2. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand injection cylinder (4) extends gradually and tilted downwards in a direction approaching the upper conical structure (21).

3. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the sand injection cylinder (4) is an arc-shaped wall, and the center line of the arc-shaped wall is along the extension direction of the sand injection cylinder (4).

4. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sand level display window (221) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure (22), and the sand level display window (221) is located directly below the sand injection cylinder (4); an electronic sand level display device (7) is also connected to the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure (22).

5. The flask system for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The axis of the lower conical structure (23) is arranged on the first axis and is collinear or parallel to the second axis; the axis of the upper conical structure (21) and the axis of the middle cylindrical structure (22) are arranged collinearly and are both arranged on the second axis; the acute angle between the second axis and a line connecting a first intersection point of the bottom surface of the lower conical structure (23) and the first axis and a line connecting a second intersection point of the top surface of the upper conical structure (21) and the second axis is not greater than 5°.

6. The flask system for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The lower conical structure (23) is a truncated cone structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure (23) and a preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

7. A design method for a sand box system for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: The method for designing a sand box system for a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises: Determining a range of motion of a sand spreading hose (5), wherein a first end of the sand spreading hose (5) is used to connect to a bogie, and a second end of the sand spreading hose (5) is used to connect to the lower conical structure (23); According to the range of motion, predicting the position of the axis of the lower conical structure (23) as a predicted axis; Determining whether the range in which the predicted axis deviates from the axis centerline of the middle cylindrical structure (22) is within a preset eccentricity range; If so, the axis centerline of the lower conical structure (23) is set on the predicted axis; otherwise, the axis centerline of the lower conical structure (23) is set on an axis at the edge of the preset eccentric range.

8. The method for designing a sand box system for a rail vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower conical structure (23) is a truncated cone structure; The method further comprises: The position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure (23) is determined, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure (23) and a preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

9. The design method of the sand box system for a rail vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A sand level display window (221) is provided on the middle cylindrical structure (22), and an upper sand level line located at the top and a lower sand level line located at the bottom are provided on the sand level display window (221); Wherein, the sand injection port (41) of the sand injection cylinder (4) away from the sand box (2) is higher than the upper sand level line; The ratio of the volume of the portion of the sand box (2) below the upper sand level line to the effective volume of the sand box (2) is not less than 3 / 4, and the effective volume is the sum of the volumes of the middle cylindrical structure (22) and the lower conical structure (23).

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: A sand box system for a rail vehicle comprising any one of claims 1 to 6.

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