Buoyancy transportation device for deep-sea mining

Abstract

A buoyancy transportation device for deep-sea mining comprises a floating ball, a lifting appliance, a backfilling box, a mineral material box and a control rod. Hoisting ropes are arranged on the backfilling box and the mineral material box; at least one pair of lifting lugs, namely a left lifting lug and a right lifting lug, is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the floating ball; a first lifting appliance, a second self-control hook, a backfilling box lifting rope and a backfilling box are sequentially connected below the left lifting lug; a second lifting appliance, a mineral aggregate box lifting rope and a mineral aggregate box are sequentially connected below the right lifting lug; a control rod is horizontally hinged between the second self-control hook and the second lifting appliance; the length of the control rod is larger than the vertical line distance between the first lifting appliance and the second lifting appliance, and the bottom of the mineral aggregate box hung on the floating ball is higher than the bottom of the backfilling box by h meters; the mine car is used for loading the mineral material box, so that the clamping force borne by the control rod is increased, the backfilling box is unloaded through the counter-acting force of the control rod on the second self-control hook, the floating ball is used for carrying the mineral material box to float upwards, and buoyancy transportation of deep-sea mining is achieved.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of the patent application with application number 202410435844.2, application date April 11, 2024, and invention name “A buoyant transport device for deep-sea mining”. Technical Field

[0002] The invention belongs to the technical field of deep-sea mining equipment, and in particular relates to a buoyancy transport device for deep-sea mining. Background Art

[0003] The seabed is rich in mineral resources such as manganese nodules, polymetallic sulfides, cobalt-rich nodules, as well as a large number of rare metals. The development of seabed mineral resources has become an important force in supporting future economic, industrial and technological development.

[0004] Deep-sea mining generally uses a mother ship on the sea surface as the system support platform. Under the pipe-ship connection device at the bottom of the ship, a slurry lifting riser is connected to a few hundred meters from the seabed. The top of the lifting riser is connected to the pipe-ship connection device, and the bottom of the lifting riser is connected to a lifting pump group, a hose, a seabed mining vehicle, etc. The mining vehicle operates on the seabed, and the collected slurry is transported to the inlet of the lifting pump group through the hose by the material pump, and then the lifting pump group transports the slurry to the mother ship on the sea surface through the lifting riser.

[0005] Since the slurry contains a large amount of seabed mud, this seabed mud is transported to the mother ship together with the ore by material pumps and lifting pumps; since the seabed mud has a complex composition and high salt content, once commercial mining begins, a large amount of seabed mud will be piled up on land, causing serious environmental pollution to the land.

[0006] In addition, the seabed slurry also contains some larger mineral nodules. On the one hand, due to the limitation of the diameter of the slurry lifting pipeline, it cannot accommodate particularly large mineral nodules. On the other hand, material pumps and lifting pumps generally use centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps. Due to the limitation of the function of the conveying pump, large mineral nodules will cause serious wear and deformation to the main parts such as the pump body of the centrifugal pump and the plunger pump when passing through the centrifugal pump and the plunger pump, thereby causing the centrifugal pump and the plunger pump to fail. Therefore, large pieces of ore cannot be transported to the mother ship by pipeline, and will be discarded on the seabed, resulting in a waste of seabed mineral resources.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the name of the patent application is: a deep-sea buoyancy mining system, application number: 202311790279.3. The backfill box and the ore box are hoisted respectively by two hoists through a buoy. An automatic hook is provided between the hoist and the backfill box. The backfill box filled with seabed mud is sunk to the bottom of the mining area by utilizing its own weight exceeding the buoyancy of the buoy. After the backfill box sits on the bottom, the ore box is suspended in the air. By filling the ore box with large pieces of ore, as the weight of the ore box continues to increase, the pulling force of the buoy on the backfill box continues to decrease. When the pulling force is reduced to a certain amount, the automatic hook is automatically unhooked, the backfill box is left on the seabed, and the buoy automatically floats up with the ore box.

[0008] Since the automatic hook is a scissor structure, a compression spring is provided between the upper two handles of the scissors to open the upper two handles of the scissors so that the blade of the lower part of the automatic hook is always open. The clamping force generated by the upward pulling force of the floating ball between the upper two handles of the scissors overcomes the reaction force of the compression spring, so that the blade of the lower part of the scissors is closed, and the lifting rope of the backfill box is hung from the hanging hole formed by the closed blade; therefore, when it is necessary to hang the lifting rope of the backfill box into the hanging hole of the automatic hook, it is necessary to first apply an external clamping force to the upper part of the scissors structure so that the blade is closed to form a hanging hole. When the floating ball lifts the backfill box and generates a clamping force on the upper two handles of the scissors of the automatic hook, the clamping force overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring, so that the blade is closed, and then the external force applied by the outside is released, so that the automatic hook can be automatically unhooked on the seabed, so the operation is relatively cumbersome. Once the operation is wrong, forget to release the external force on the automatic hook, the automatic structure device of the automatic hook will fail.

[0009] That is to say, in the current deep-sea mining buoyancy transportation system, the process of installing the automatic hook is relatively complicated. Once an operation error occurs, the automatic structure of the automatic hook may easily fail. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that the process of installing the self-controlled hook in the existing deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device is relatively cumbersome, and once the operation is wrong, the automatic structure of the self-controlled hook will fail; a deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device is invented to make up for the shortcomings of the existing deep-sea mining transport device.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0012] A deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device comprises a floating ball, a sling, a backfill box, a mineral material box, and a control rod; the backfill box and the mineral material box are both provided with a lifting rope; the left and right sides of the floating ball are symmetrically provided with at least a pair of lifting ears, which are recorded as a left lifting ear and a right lifting ear; the left lifting ear is sequentially connected with a first sling, an automatic hook, a backfill box lifting rope, and a backfill box; the right lifting ear is sequentially connected with a second sling, a mineral material box lifting rope, and a mineral material box; the device is characterized in that: a control rod is horizontally hinged between the automatic hook and the second sling; the length of the control rod is greater than the vertical distance between the first sling and the second sling, and the second sling and the first sling always maintain a clamping force on the control rod through the automatic hook; the bottom of the mineral material box suspended on the floating ball is h meters higher than the bottom of the backfill box;

[0013] The self-controlled hook comprises a ∩-shaped frame, the upper end of the ∩-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the first hoisting device, and the lower end of the ∩-shaped frame is provided with a push rod hole that penetrates the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame and keeps concentricity, and the push rod shaft is inserted in the push rod holes of the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame; the backfill box hoisting rope is suspended on the push rod shaft between the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame; the left end of the push rod shaft is provided with a push rod pin hole on the outer side of the ∩-shaped frame, and the push rod pin is arranged in the push rod pin hole, and the push rod pin is hinged to the left end of the control rod;

[0014] A damper hole with internal threads is arranged at the center of the bottom of the left side plate and vertically intersects with the push rod hole. A damper of the push rod shaft is arranged in the damper hole.

[0015] The purpose of the present invention can be further achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0016] The first lifting device is connected to the left lifting ear of the floating ball, and the second lifting device is connected to the right lifting ear of the floating ball through a hinge.

[0017] The first sling and the second sling are cables, anchor chains, or rigid rods.

[0018] The control rod comprises a fork and a long stem, the left end of which is the fork and the right end of which is the long stem, and the right end of the fork is fixedly connected to the left end of the long stem.

[0019] The fork of the control rod is in the shape of a tuning fork, which is through from top to bottom, with the fork facing left. The ends of the side plates on the front and rear sides of the fork are provided with connecting holes, which are hinged to the push rod pin, and make the maximum horizontal movement distance L1 of the control rod approximately equal to the distance L2 that the push rod shaft can move horizontally in the push rod hole.

[0020] The push rod shaft and the push rod hole are clearance-matched.

[0021] The left end of the push rod shaft is provided with a push rod pin hole, and a transition fit is formed between the push rod pin hole and the push rod pin.

[0022] The push rod shaft has a taper on the right side of the left side plate, and the taper direction is: the left diameter is larger and the right diameter is smaller.

[0023] The damper is arranged in the damper hole, and the damper hole is respectively provided with a damping block, a compression spring and an adjusting screw from top to bottom.

[0024] The upper end of the damping block is provided with an arc matching the outer diameter of the push rod shaft, and the lower end is provided with a compression spring guide journal.

[0025] The upper end of the adjusting screw is provided with a compression spring guide shaft neck, and the thread of the adjusting screw matches the thread of the internal thread arrangement of the damper hole.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] The present invention utilizes a deep-sea underwater transportation system composed of a floating ball, a backfill box, a mineral box, an automatic hook, etc. When the floating ball sinks into the sea together with the backfill box and the unloaded mineral box, the bottom of the backfill box is h meters lower than the bottom of the mineral box (the value of h is about 0.5 meters. If the value is too large, it is inconvenient to load minerals into the mineral box on the seabed. If the value is too small, the bottom of the mineral box is easy to contact the seabed). The mineral box is suspended in the water under the influence of the buoyancy of the floating ball.

[0028] After the backfill box is seated on the bottom, the ore box is loaded with ore by remotely controlling the seabed mining car. During the loading process, the ore box is always floating in the sea under the traction of the buoy. Since the length of the control rod is greater than the vertical distance between the first and second slings, and the second and first slings always maintain a clamping force on the control rod through the self-controlled hook, that is, even if the self-controlled hook has released the backfill box hoisting rope, the second sling and the self-controlled hook are still applying a clamping force to the control rod. Since the self-controlled hook is subjected to the reaction force of the control rod, the reaction force acts on the push rod shaft of the self-controlled hook. As the amount of ore loaded in the ore box increases, the traction force of the second hoisting device by the float increases. According to the force decomposition, the clamping force borne on the control rod also increases synchronously. When the load of the ore box reaches the rated load, the reaction force of the control rod on the push rod shaft is greater than the friction between the push rod shaft and the damper and the push rod hole, and the push rod shaft on the self-controlled hook is pulled out to the left by the control rod; since the lifting rope on the backfill box is suspended on the push rod shaft, the push rod shaft is pulled out to the left by the length of the push rod hole L2, and the lifting rope of the backfill box falls off the push rod shaft, that is, the backfill box and the float are released from the constraint and stay on the seabed; at the same time, the float loses the constraint of the backfill box, and floats up with the ore box until the sea surface, and then uses the material crane on the mother ship on the sea surface to lift the ore box to the mother ship; while the ore box floats up, the seabed mine car also stops loading ore.

[0029] The automatic unloading function of the self-controlled hook under the first hoist of the backfill box can not only release the restraint of the backfill box from the buoy and keep it on the seabed, but also automatically limit the ore loading amount of the ore box to avoid the problem of the ore box being unable to float due to overloading.

[0030] In order to accurately set the rated ore loading amount of the ore box, the automatic hook will automatically unhook. The compression amount of the compression spring is adjusted by the adjusting screw of the damper. Since the compression amount of the compression spring is proportional to the pressure, the damping block is pressed by the compression spring to accurately set the friction force of the damping block on the push rod shaft, so as to ensure that the automatic hook can automatically unhook when the ore box reaches the rated ore loading amount. In order to ensure the reliability of the damper, the present invention provides the positioning journal of the compression spring at the lower end of the damping block and the upper end of the adjusting screw, so that the damping block, the compression spring and the adjusting screw can keep concentric; in addition, since the deformation of the compression spring is large, it has a strong self-compensation function, so as to avoid the damping block from wearing and causing the friction force of the damper on the push rod shaft to drop too much.

[0031] In order to enable the control rod to be able to quickly unhook the self-controlled hook, that is, to quickly pull the push rod shaft out of the push rod hole to the left, the present invention utilizes the push rod pin and the left side of the left plate to limit the length of the push rod shaft inserted into the push rod hole, and at the same time, the push rod shaft is set as a tapered shaft on the right side of the left plate, and the taper direction is: the left diameter is large and the right diameter is small; in order to prevent the control rod and the push rod shaft from being disengaged from the ∩-shaped frame after releasing the backfill box hoisting rope, the present invention sets the length L1 in the fork head to be equal to the length L2 in the push rod shaft.

[0032] The buoyancy transport device for deep-sea mining of the present invention utilizes the gravity of a backfill box filled with seabed mud to bring a buoy to the seabed; and then utilizes a mechanical automatic unloading device, namely an automatic hook, to load the ore box and change the force of a control rod on the automatic hook, thereby automatically unloading the backfill box and allowing the ore box to automatically float to the sea surface, thereby realizing green mining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a buoyancy transport device for deep-sea mining;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the automatic hook 50 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a top view of the automatic hook 50 of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a ∩-shaped frame 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a damper 51 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of the second automatic hook 80 of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second ∩-shaped frame 800 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 6 AA cross-sectional view, schematic diagram of the damper 52;

[0041] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a deep-sea mining and transportation device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 This is a front view of the third self-controlled hook 90 of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a third ∩-shaped frame 900 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0044] In the figure: 10, mother ship, 11, cable car, 12, material crane, 13, cable, 14, float, 15, second lifting device, 16, ore box lifting rope, 17, ore box; 18, first lifting device, 19, backfill box lifting rope, 20, backfill box;

[0045] 50. Automatic hook; 500. ∩-shaped frame; 501. Left side plate; 502. Right side plate; 503. Push rod hole; 504. Damper hole; 505. Push rod shaft; 506. Push rod pin; 507. Connecting hole; 51. Damper; 511. Damping block; 512. Compression spring; 513. Adjusting screw; 52. Second damper; 521. Second adjusting screw; 522. Spring; 523. Spacer; 524. Front damping block; 525. Rear damping block; 526. Anti-rotation screw; 527. Round nut;

[0046] 60, control rod, 601, long rod, 602, fork, 603, nut;

[0047] 70. Second control lever;

[0048] 80, second automatic hook; 800, second ∩-shaped frame, 801, second left side plate, 802, second right side plate, 803, second push rod hole, 804, second damper hole;

[0049] 90. third automatic hook; 900. third ∩-shaped frame; 901. third left side plate; 902. third right side plate; 903. third push rod hole; 905. limit frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0051] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0052] The meanings of "left, right, up, down, front, and back" in the present invention refer to the direction in which the reader is facing the attached image. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 When referring to the present invention, the left side of the reader is left, the right side of the reader is right, the top of the reader is top, the bottom of the reader is bottom, the surface in front of the reader is front, and the surface facing the reader is back, but it is not a specific limitation of the present invention.

[0053] The term “connection” as used in the present invention may mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, a deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device is provided with a mother ship 10 and a buoy 14; a cable car 11 and a material hoist 12 are provided on the mother ship 10; the buoy 14 is symmetrically provided with two lifting ears at the upper and lower parts, and the cable car 11 uses a cable 13 to pull and control the left and right lifting ears on the upper part of the buoy 14; the buoy 14 uses the lower left lifting ear, the first lifting device 18, and the automatic hook 50 to hang the backfill box lifting rope 19 on the backfill box 20; the buoy 14 uses the lower right lifting ear and the second lifting device 15 to hang the ore box lifting rope 16 on the ore box 17; the first lifting device 18 and the left lifting ear of the buoy 14, and the second lifting device 15 and the right lifting ear of the buoy 14 are hingedly connected. A control rod 60 is used to form a horizontal hinge connection between the automatic hook 50 and the second sling 15. The length of the control rod 60 is greater than the vertical distance between the first sling 18 and the second sling 15, so that the first sling 18 always maintains a clamping force on the control rod 60 through the automatic hook 50 and the second sling 15. That is to say, even if the automatic hook 50 has released the backfill box lifting rope 19, the second sling 15 and the automatic hook 50 are still applying a clamping force to the control rod 60.

[0056] The first sling 18 and the second sling 15 are cables, or anchor chains, or rigid rods; in this embodiment, the first sling 18 and the second sling 15 are cables.

[0057] Before the automatic hook 50 is put into the sea, first loosen the adjusting screw 513 of the damper 51, then put the backfill box lifting rope 19 into the ∩-shaped frame 500 of the automatic hook 50, and make the backfill box lifting rope 19 above the push rod shaft 505, insert the push rod shaft 505 into the push rod hole 503 from left to right until the push rod pin touches the left side of the left side plate 501, and then tighten the adjusting screw 513 to ensure that its tightening torque is the same as the set value.

[0058] The transport device sinks into the sea. When the backfill box 20 goes into the sea, its interior is filled with seabed mud, and its weight exceeds the maximum upward carrying capacity of the buoy 14 in the sea. The mineral box 17 is empty when it goes into the sea. On the mother ship 10, the marine underwater transport device consisting of the buoy 14, the backfill box 20, the mineral box 17, etc. is hoisted into the sea by the material crane 12, and the sinking position of the buoy 14 is controlled by the cable car 11 and the cable 13 on the mother ship 10. The buoy 14 sinks to the designated seabed position under the traction of the gravity of the backfill box 20, etc. When the backfill box 20 is seated on the bottom of the deep sea, since the bottom of the mineral box 17 is about 0.5 meters higher than the bottom of the backfill box 20, the mineral box 17 is suspended in the water.

[0059] The backfill box 20 is a disposable fully enclosed box, that is, each backfill box 20 is used only once. To avoid polluting the marine environment, the backfill box 20 is made of naturally degradable and pollution-free materials, such as wooden boxes, iron boxes, cardboard boxes, etc.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the self-controlled hook 50 is provided with a ∩-shaped frame 500, and a connection hole 507 is provided at the top of the ∩-shaped frame 500, and the connection hole 507 is connected to the first hoist 18. A push rod hole 503 is provided at the lower part of the ∩-shaped frame 500, which penetrates the left side plate 501 and the right side plate 502, and the push rod holes 503 on the left side plate 501 and the right side plate 502 are ensured to be concentric, and the push rod shaft 505 is inserted in the push rod holes 503 on the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame 500; the backfill box hoisting rope 19 is suspended on the push rod shaft 505 between the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame 500; the left end of the push rod shaft 505 is provided with a push rod pin hole on the outside of the ∩-shaped frame 500, and a push rod pin 506 is provided in the push rod pin hole, and the push rod pin 506 is hingedly connected to the left end of the control rod 60.

[0061] In order to enable the control rod 60 to quickly pull the push rod shaft 505 out of the push rod hole 503 to the left, the present invention utilizes the push rod pin 506 and the left side of the left plate 501 to limit the length of the push rod shaft 505 inserted into the push rod hole 503, and at the same time, the push rod shaft 505 is set as a tapered axis on the right side of the left plate 501 of the ∩-shaped frame 500, and its taper direction is: the left diameter is large and the right diameter is small.

[0062] The control rod 60 includes a long rod 601 and a fork 602. The left end of the long rod 601 and the right end of the fork 602 are fixedly connected by a nut 603. The fork 602 is shaped like a tuning fork, penetrating from top to bottom, with the fork facing left. At the end of the fork, a pair of connecting holes are provided on the side panels on the front and rear sides, which are hinged to the push rod pin 506; the right end of the long rod 601 is hinged to the second hanger 15, and the control rod 60 is kept horizontal when working; the length of the long rod 601 is matched with the damper and set through experiments.

[0063] In order to prevent the push rod shaft 505 from being detached from the ∩-shaped frame 500 after releasing the backfill box lifting rope 19, the present invention sets the maximum horizontal movement length L1 of the fork head 602 to be equal to the length L2 of the push rod shaft 505; thereby, it is ensured that the control rod 60 and the push rod shaft 505 do not fall off the ∩-shaped frame 500, and the backfill box lifting rope 19 can be reliably dropped.

[0064] The purpose of the damper 51 is to accurately set the rated load of the ore box 17; when the ore box 17 reaches the rated load, the automatic hook 50 will automatically unhook. The damper 51: includes a damper hole 504 perpendicularly intersecting the push rod hole 503 at the bottom center of the left side plate 501. The damper hole 504 is a threaded hole. In the damper hole 504, from top to bottom, a damping block 511, a compression spring 512, and an adjusting screw 513 are respectively arranged; the damping block 511 is made of rubber material, and the upper end is provided with an arc adapted to the outer diameter of the push rod shaft 505, and the lower end is provided with a stepped shaft neck, which provides positioning for the compression spring 512. The adjusting screw 513 cooperates with the internal thread in the damper hole 504, and the upper part of the adjusting screw 513 is also provided with a stepped shaft neck to provide positioning for the compression spring 512, so as to ensure that the axis center lines of the adjusting screw 513, the compression spring 512, and the damping block 511 coincide. According to Hooke's law, the compression of the compression spring is proportional to the pressure. The damper 51 accurately sets the compression force of the compression spring 512 by adjusting the screw 513, thereby accurately setting the friction force of the damping block 511 on the push rod shaft 505, thereby accurately setting the floating condition of the float 14; in addition, since the deformation of the compression spring 512 is large, it has a strong self-compensation function, which avoids the wear of the damping block 511 and causes the friction force of the damper 51 on the push rod shaft 505 to drop too much, thereby affecting the setting of the rated load of the mineral box 17.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the working process of the automatic hook 50. When the backfill box 20 is seated on the bottom of the deep sea, the ore box 17 is loaded with ore by remotely controlling the seabed mining car, and during the entire process of loading the ore, the ore box 17 floats in the seawater under the traction of the floating ball 14. Since the second sling 15 and the automatic hook 50 can always maintain the clamping force on the control rod 60, the automatic hook 50 is subjected to the reaction force of the control rod 60, that is, the push rod shaft 505 of the automatic hook 50 is subjected to the reaction force of the fork 602 of the control rod 60; as the ore loaded in the ore box 17 increases, the traction force of the floating ball 14 on the second sling 15 increases. According to the decomposition of the force, the clamping force between the second sling 15 and the automatic hook 50 on the control rod 60 also increases. When the load of the ore box 17 reaches the rated load, the reaction force of the control rod 60 on the push rod shaft 505 , when the friction force is greater than that between the push rod shaft 505 and the damper 51 and the push rod hole 503, the push rod shaft 505 on the automatic hook 50 is pulled out to the left by the control rod 60, because the push rod shaft 505 penetrates the push rod holes 503 of the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame 500; the backfill box lifting rope 19 is suspended on the push rod shaft 505 between the left and right side plates of the ∩-shaped frame 500; after the push rod shaft 505 is pulled out of the ∩-shaped frame 500, the backfill box lifting rope 19 falls off the automatic hook 50, and the backfill box 20 and the buoy 14 are released from the constraints and stay on the seabed; at the same time, the buoy 14 loses the constraints of the backfill box 20, and immediately floats up with the ore box 17 until the sea surface, and then uses the material crane 12 on the sea surface mother ship 10 to unload the ore in the ore box 17 onto the mother ship 10; while the ore box 17 floats up, the seabed mine car stops loading.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The second self-controlled hook comprises a second ∩-shaped frame and a push rod shaft, characterized in that: a second push rod hole is provided at the lower part of the second ∩-shaped frame, the second push rod hole penetrates the second left side plate and the second right side plate, and a second damper hole is provided below the second push rod hole of the second left side plate, which penetrates the second left side plate front and back, the second damper hole and the second push rod hole are vertically intersected, and the axial distance between the second damper hole and the second push rod hole is less than the sum of the radii of the two holes; the push rod shaft is installed in the second push rod hole; the second damper holes are arranged from front to back in sequence. A second adjusting screw, a spring, a cushion block, a front damping block, a rear damping block, a round nut and an anti-rotation screw are respectively provided; the second adjusting screw passes through the spring, the cushion block, the front damping block, the rear damping block and the round nut, and forms a thread pair with the round nut; a gap δ is provided in the axial direction of the front damping block and the rear damping block, and at the upper end of the axial intersection of the front damping block and the rear damping block, arcs matching the outer diameter of the push rod shaft are symmetrically provided about the two ends of the interface; a long groove is provided in the axial direction of the outer circle of the round nut, which cooperates with the anti-rotation screw provided at the bottom of the second left side plate.

[0068] The front damping block and the rear damping block are made of rubber.

[0069] The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0070] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the second automatic hook 80 includes a second ∩-shaped frame 800 and a push rod shaft 505; a second push rod hole 803 is provided at the lower part of the second ∩-shaped frame 800, and the second push rod hole 803 passes through the second left side plate 801 and the second right side plate 802; below the second push rod hole 803 of the second left side plate 801, a second damper hole 804 that passes through the second left side plate 801 front and back is provided, the second damper hole 804 and the second push rod hole 803 are perpendicularly intersected, and the axial distance between the second damper hole 804 and the second push rod hole 803 is less than the sum of the radii of the two holes; the push rod shaft 505 is installed in the second push rod hole 803.

[0071] The second damper hole 804 is provided with a second adjusting screw 521, a spring 522, a cushion block 523, a front damping block 524, a rear damping block 525, a round nut 527, and an anti-rotation screw 526 in sequence from front to rear; the second adjusting screw 521 penetrates the spring 522, the cushion block 523, the front damping block 524, the rear damping block 525, and the round nut 527 from front to rear, and forms a thread pair with the round nut 527; the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 are axially provided with a gap δ, and in this embodiment δ is about 3 mm, and at the upper end of the axial intersection of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525, arcs matching the outer diameter of the push rod shaft 505 are symmetrically provided about the two ends of the interface; the outer circle of the round nut 527 is axially provided with a long groove, which cooperates with the anti-rotation screw 526 set at the bottom of the left side plate 501.

[0072] The material of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 is rubber. On the one hand, rubber has strong friction and a strong damping effect. On the other hand, rubber is elastic, which can prevent the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 from biting the push rod shaft 505, so that the push rod shaft 505 cannot be normally removed.

[0073] The second damper 52 is set at the side of the push rod shaft 505. The second adjusting screw 521 and the round nut 527 form a pair of threaded pairs, so that the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 exert equal and opposite lateral pressure on the push rod shaft 505, thereby reducing the radial force on the push rod shaft 505. In addition, the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 can increase the contact surface with the push rod shaft 505 and increase the damping effect. A gap of δ=3 mm is set axially between the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 to prevent the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 from interfering with each other after axial deformation.

[0074] The spring 522 is arranged between the second adjusting screw 521 and the spacer block 523. Its purpose is: on the one hand, to accurately adjust the lateral clamping force of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 on the push rod shaft 505, so as to accurately set the damping size of the second damper 52 on the push rod shaft 505; on the other hand, to automatically compensate for the wear of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525, so as to improve the reliability of the second damper 52.

[0075] A long groove is axially arranged on the outer circle of the round nut 527, which cooperates with the anti-rotation screw 526 arranged at the bottom of the second left plate 801, which can not only prevent the round nut 527 from rotating in the second damper hole 804, but also prevent the round nut 527 from slipping out of the second damper hole 804, thereby playing a safety protection role.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] A marine mining and transportation device comprises a floating ball, a sling, a backfill box, a mineral material box, and a third automatic hook; the backfill box and the mineral material box are both provided with a lifting rope; at least a pair of symmetrical lifting ears are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the floating ball, recorded as a left lifting ear and a right lifting ear; a first sling, a third automatic hook, and a backfill box are provided under the left lifting ear; a second sling and a mineral material box are provided under the right lifting ear; the device is characterized in that a second control rod is provided between the third automatic hook and the second sling; the length of the second control rod is less than the vertical distance between the first sling and the second sling, and the second sling and the first sling always maintain tension on the second control rod through the third automatic hook;

[0078] The third self-controlled hook comprises a third ∩-shaped frame, under which a third push rod hole penetrating the third left and right side plates is provided; the left end of the second control rod penetrates and is inserted into the third push rod holes of the third left and right side plates; the backfill box hoisting rope is suspended on the second control rod between the third left side plate and the third right side plate; the second control rod is fixedly connected to a push rod pin on the right side of the third right side plate; the second sling is hingedly connected to the right end of the second control rod; under the third push rod hole of the third right side plate, a third damper is provided to increase friction for the second control rod;

[0079] The second control rod is provided with a taper on the left side of the third right side plate, and the taper direction is: the right diameter is large, and the left diameter is small.

[0080] A limit frame is provided on the right side of the third right side plate, so that L3 and L4 on the second control rod are equidistant.

[0081] The third damper can be either a damper or the second damper.

[0082] The rest is the same as Example 1 and Example 2.

[0083] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, the length of the second control rod 70 is smaller than the vertical distance between the first sling 18 and the second sling 15, so that the second sling 15 and the first sling 18 always maintain tension on the second control rod 70 through the third automatic hook 90. ​​Even if the third automatic hook 90 releases the backfill box lifting rope 19, the second sling 15 and the first sling 18 still apply tension to the second control rod 70 through the third automatic hook 90.

[0084] The third self-control hook 90 comprises a third ∩-shaped frame 900, the lower part of which is provided with a third push rod hole 903 penetrating the third left side plate 901 and the third right side plate 902, the left end of the second control rod 70 is inserted into the third push rod hole 903 of the third left side plate 901 and the right side plate 902; the second control rod 70 is provided with a taper on the left side of the third right side plate 902, the taper direction is: the right diameter is large, the left diameter is small; the backfill box hoisting rope 19 is suspended on the third left side plate 901 and the third right side plate 9 02; the second control rod 70 is fixedly connected to the push rod pin 506 on the right side of the third right side plate 902; the right side of the third right side plate 902 is fixedly connected to the limit frame 905, and makes L3 and L4 equidistant; under the third push rod hole 903 of the third right side plate 902, there is a third damper for increasing the friction force of the second control rod 70; the third damper: either the damper 51 or the second damper 52 is selected; the second hanger 15 is hinged to the right end of the second control rod 70.

[0085] In order to enable the third automatic hook 90 to quickly release the backfill box lifting rope 19 after the mineral box 17 reaches the rated loading capacity, the present invention provides a taper on the second control rod 70 on the left side of the third right side plate 902, and the taper direction is: the left diameter is small and the right diameter is large. Since the second control rod 70 is pulled out of the third push rod hole 903 from left to right to release the backfill box lifting rope 19, the third damper loses its damping effect after the diameter of the second control rod 70 becomes smaller, so that the second control rod 70 can be quickly pulled out to the right, so that the third automatic hook 90 automatically releases the backfill box lifting rope 19.

[0086] In order to prevent the second control rod 70 from detaching from the third automatic hook 90 after the third automatic hook 90 is automatically released, and the second control rod 70 from being sent too much to the left in the third push rod hole 903, thereby affecting the response speed of the third automatic hook 90, the present invention provides a limit frame 905 and a push rod pin 506 on the right side of the third right side plate 902, and makes L3 and L4 equidistant, so that the limit frame 905 and the push rod pin 506 are used to limit the left and right movement distances of the second control rod 70.

Claims

1. A deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device, comprising a floating ball, a sling, a backfill box, a mineral material box, and a control rod; the backfill box and the mineral material box are both provided with a lifting rope; the left and right sides of the floating ball are symmetrically provided with at least a pair of lifting ears, which are recorded as a left lifting ear and a right lifting ear; the left lifting ear is sequentially connected to a first sling, a second automatic hook, a backfill box lifting rope, and a backfill box; the right lifting ear is sequentially connected to a second sling, a mineral material box lifting rope, and a mineral material box; the characteristics are: A control rod is horizontally hinged between the second self-control hook and the second sling; the length of the control rod is greater than the vertical distance between the first sling and the second sling, and the second sling and the first sling always maintain a clamping force on the control rod through the second self-control hook; the bottom of the ore box suspended on the floating ball is h meters higher than the bottom of the backfill box; The second self-controlled hook comprises a second ∩-shaped frame and a push rod shaft. A second push rod hole is provided at the lower part of the second ∩-shaped frame. The second push rod hole passes through the second left plate and the second right plate. A second damper hole is provided below the second push rod hole of the second left plate, and passes through the second left plate front and back. The second damper hole and the second push rod hole are perpendicularly intersected, and the axial distance between the second damper hole and the second push rod hole is less than the sum of the radii of the two holes; the push rod shaft is installed in the second push rod hole; the second damper holes are arranged in sequence from front to back. A second adjusting screw, a spring, a cushion block, a front damping block, a rear damping block, a round nut, and an anti-rotation screw are provided; the second adjusting screw penetrates the spring, the cushion block, the front damping block, the rear damping block, and the round nut, and forms a thread pair with the round nut; a gap δ is provided in the axial direction of the front damping block and the rear damping block, and arcs matching the outer diameter of the push rod shaft are symmetrically provided at the upper ends of the axial intersections of the front damping block and the rear damping block about the two ends of the interface; a long groove is provided in the axial direction of the outer circle of the round nut, which cooperates with the anti-rotation screw provided at the bottom of the second left side plate; The left end of the push rod shaft is provided with a push rod pin hole on the outside of the second ∩-shaped frame, the push rod pin is arranged in the push rod pin hole, and the push rod pin is hingedly connected with the left end of the control rod.

2. A deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lifting device is connected to the left lifting ear of the floating ball, and the second lifting device is connected to the right lifting ear of the floating ball through a hinge.

3. A deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sling and the second sling are cables, anchor chains, or rigid rods.

4. A deep sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control rod comprises a fork and a long stem, the left end of which is the fork and the right end of which is the long stem, and the right end of the fork is fixedly connected to the left end of the long stem.

5. A deep sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left end fork of the control rod is in the shape of a tuning fork, which is through from top to bottom, with the fork facing left. The ends of the side plates on the front and rear sides of the fork are provided with pin holes, which are hinged to the push rod pin, and make the maximum horizontal movement distance L1 of the control rod approximately equal to the distance L2 that the push rod shaft can move horizontally in the push rod hole.

6. A deep sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod shaft and the second push rod hole are clearance-fitted.

7. A deep sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod shaft has a taper on the right side of the left side plate, and the taper direction is: the left diameter is larger and the right diameter is smaller.

8. A deep sea mining buoyancy transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front damping block and the rear damping block are made of rubber.

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