Balancing device for hoisting large marine crankshaft and use method of balancing device

Abstract

The invention provides a balancing device for hoisting a crankshaft for a large ship, which comprises a balance beam main body provided with a plurality of pairs of hoisting points which are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balance beam main body about the center line of the balance beam and can be independently connected with hoisting ropes, a plurality of pairs of adjusting lifting points which are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balance beam main body by taking the center line of the balance beam as the center line and equal-length annular lifting belts of which one ends are lifted with crankshaft lifting points and the other ends are connected with the adjusting lifting points of the balance beam main body in a sleeving manner are arranged in areas, below the lifting points, of the balance beam main body; the eccentric weight on the two sides of the crankshaft lifting point of the crankshaft is balanced by adjusting the connecting position of the adjusting lifting point of the annular lifting belt balance beam body so that horizontal lifting of the crankshaft can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to a balancing device and method used in horizontal hoisting during the manufacturing and hoisting process of a large crankshaft. Background Art

[0002] A single large crankshaft has 5 to 8 cylinders, weighs 50 to 300 tons, and is 7 to 13 meters long. During the crankshaft lathe overall processing, boring machine end hole processing and other manufacturing links, the crankshaft axis must be kept horizontal to the ground, that is, "horizontal lifting". During horizontal lifting, according to the number of crankshaft cylinders, angles, and the crank in the middle of the crankshaft as the reference, the inner gears of the cranks with a symmetrical number on both sides are selected as lifting points. Because there is a large weight difference between the flange shaft at the front end of the crankshaft and the thrust shaft at the rear end, the middle position of the crankshaft and the center of gravity cannot coincide, resulting in the crankshaft axis being unable to be horizontal to the ground after lifting. The entire crankshaft is in an inclined state. If it is lifted in this state, individual crankshaft brackets will be damaged due to excessive force. The current method is to control the balance of the crankshaft by adjusting the length of the sling through multiple tests, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the operating efficiency is extremely low. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the technical problems raised above, a balancing device with a more streamlined lifting structure and a simpler method of use is provided.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A balancing device for hoisting a large-scale marine crankshaft comprises: a balancing beam main body, on which are provided a plurality of pairs of lifting points which are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balancing beam with the center line of the balancing beam and can be connected to lifting ropes individually; the balancing beam main body is provided with a plurality of pairs of adjustment lifting points which are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balancing beam with the center line of the balancing beam in the area below each lifting point, and an annular sling of equal length which is hoisted to the crankshaft lifting point at one end and connected to the adjustment lifting point set of the balancing beam main body at the other end; by adjusting the connection position of the adjustment lifting point of the annular sling balance beam main body, the eccentric weight on both sides of the crankshaft lifting point of the crankshaft is balanced to achieve level lifting of the crankshaft.

[0006] Furthermore,

[0007] After the above lifting, the angle between the central axis of the crankshaft and the horizontal line is controlled at 0±2° to meet the horizontal lifting requirements.

[0008] Furthermore,

[0009] The above-mentioned adjustment lifting point is a double-point lifting structure with left and right ends lifting; the above-mentioned annular sling is a closed annular structure, and its two ends are bent into a U shape during lifting, and the U-shaped bottom is designed to fit the crankshaft lifting point, which can effectively wrap and contact the bottom of the crankshaft lifting point, and the two ends are respectively connected to the lifting points on the left and right ends of the adjustment lifting point.

[0010] Furthermore,

[0011] The number of the above-mentioned annular slings is the same as the number of crankshaft suspension points, which is 2.

[0012] Furthermore,

[0013] It also includes a horizontal detection device for detecting the angle between the central axis of the crankshaft and the horizontal line in real time during the lifting process. The above-mentioned horizontal detection device is an electronic level that can be detachably assembled on the crankshaft through a saddle-shaped snap-on structure base and can display data in real time; or it is an external laser level.

[0014] A crankshaft hoisting method using the above-mentioned balancing device, firstly evaluates and analyzes the shape, weight and center of gravity position of the crankshaft, determines the positions of the two hanging points of the crankshaft, and determines the principle of left-right symmetrical distribution relative to the geometric center point of the crankshaft, and takes the geometric center of the crankshaft as a reference, and calculates the weight difference between the left hanging point position and the right hanging point position by comparing the weights of the components at both ends, and then places the U-shaped bottom of the annular sling after the bend bypasses the crankshaft hanging point, so that the U-shaped bottom is evenly wrapped and contacts the bottom of the crankshaft hanging point; selects the adjustment hanging points on both sides of the balance beam body according to the above-mentioned weight difference The starting point of the ring sling is the starting point. After both ends of the ring sling are connected to the lifting point sets on both sides of the adjustment lifting point, the initial lifting is carried out. After lifting a certain distance (not the required height, generally the crankshaft is 50-100cm away from the support), the horizontal degree of the crankshaft is observed in real time during the process to determine the first tilt angle, and then the crankshaft is lowered back to the support position. The ring sling on the corresponding side will be moved toward the center to replace the adjustment lifting point. This replacement process can be done by moving both ends of the ring sling together or moving one to the center alone. Moving both ends to the center together to adjust one adjustment lifting point is to adjust a lifting weight value G1. The calculation formula of G1 is as follows:

[0015] G1=0.5G / L

[0016] H--The weight of the crankshaft hanging point on the light side (unit: t)

[0017] M-- is the distance between the hanging point and the geometric center of the crankshaft (unit: m)

[0018] 0.5--The spacing of the adjustable hanging points (B) of the balance beam body (unit: m)

[0019] Move one end of the annular sling toward the center to adjust the lifting point, which means adjusting half of the lifting weight value. Then lift the machine and repeat the first lifting process to see if the inclination angle meets the requirements of horizontal lifting. If not, repeat the adjustment process back to the support position until the lifting meets the requirements of horizontal lifting. Then record all the lifting point data of this model of crankshaft and the influence of the adjustment spacing on the lifting weight.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. Reasonable design, simple structure, eliminating the need for winding multiple ropes, and connecting with a belt set, which is easy to operate.

[0022] 2. Significantly reduce the work intensity of personnel and provide effective protection for machine tools and equipment.

[0023] 3. Ensure the safety of crankshaft horizontal lifting operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view of the balancing device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 BB cross-section view.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a pin structure diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medium and large end covers of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the small end cover structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is the front view of the present invention when hoisting.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] A. Hanging point; B. Adjustment of hanging point; C. Crankshaft hanging point;

[0033] 1. Balance beam body; 2. Small end cover; 3. Short pin shaft; 4. Middle end cover; 5. Long pin shaft; 6. Large end cover; 7. Annular sling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0039] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0040] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a balancing device for hoisting a large-scale marine crankshaft, comprising: a balancing beam main body 1, on which a plurality of lifting points A are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balancing beam with the center line of the balancing beam and can be individually connected to lifting ropes, and the balancing beam main body is provided with a plurality of adjustment lifting points B symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balancing beam with the center line of the balancing beam in the area below each lifting point, and an equal-length annular sling 7 with one end hoisted to the crankshaft lifting point C and the other end fittedly connected to the adjustment lifting point B of the balancing beam main body 1; by adjusting the connection position of the annular sling 7 and the adjustment lifting point B of the balancing beam main body 1, the eccentric weight on both sides of the crankshaft lifting point C of the crankshaft is balanced to achieve level lifting of the crankshaft.

[0042] The above-mentioned balance beam body 1 is welded from multiple steel plates, and its upper part is provided with through holes symmetrical on both sides for installing short pin shafts 3. A plurality of thread holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the through holes for installing the middle end cover 4. The short pin shaft 3 corresponds to the hanging point A. The lower part is provided with multiple groups of symmetrical through holes for installing long pin shafts 5. Similarly, a plurality of thread holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the through holes for installing the large end cover 6. The long pin shaft 5 corresponds to the adjustment hanging point B. The end faces of the short pin shaft 3 and the long pin shaft 5 are both detachably equipped with small end covers 2 to prevent the movement of the lifting sling.

[0043] Furthermore,

[0044] After the above lifting, the angle between the central axis of the crankshaft and the horizontal line is controlled to be greater than or equal to 0±2° to meet the horizontal lifting requirements.

[0045] Furthermore,

[0046] The above-mentioned adjustment lifting point B is a double-point lifting structure with left and right ends lifting; the above-mentioned annular sling 7 is a closed annular structure, and its two ends are bent into a U shape during lifting, and the U-shaped bottom is designed to fit the crankshaft lifting point, which can effectively wrap and contact the bottom of the crankshaft lifting point, and the two ends are respectively connected to the lifting points on the left and right ends of the adjustment lifting point B.

[0047] Furthermore,

[0048] The number of the annular slings 7 is the same as the number of the crankshaft suspension points C, both of which are 2.

[0049] Furthermore,

[0050] It also includes a horizontal detection device 8 for detecting the angle between the crankshaft center axis and the horizontal line in real time during the lifting process. The above-mentioned horizontal detection device is an electronic level that can be detachably assembled on the crankshaft through a saddle-shaped snap-on structure base and can display data in real time; or it is an external laser level.

[0051] A crankshaft hoisting method using the above-mentioned balancing device, firstly evaluates and analyzes the shape, weight and center of gravity position of the crankshaft, determines the positions of the two hanging points of the crankshaft, and determines the principle of left-right symmetrical distribution relative to the geometric center point of the crankshaft, and takes the geometric center of the crankshaft as a reference, and calculates the weight difference between the left hanging point position and the right hanging point position by comparing the weights of the components at both ends. Usually, there are two crankshaft hanging points C, and then the U-shaped bottom of the annular sling 7 that is bent around the crankshaft hanging point C, that is, the annular sling 7 is placed under the crankshaft hanging point C, so that the U-shaped bottom is evenly wrapped and contacts the bottom of the crankshaft hanging point C; select the two ends of the balance beam body 1 according to the above-mentioned weight difference The starting point of the adjustment lifting point B on the side is set. After both ends of the annular sling 7 are connected to the lifting points on both sides of the adjustment lifting point B, the initial lifting is carried out. After lifting a certain distance, the non-required height is generally 50-100cm when the crankshaft is separated from the support. During the process, the horizontal degree of the crankshaft is observed in real time to determine the first tilt angle, and then the crankshaft is lowered back to the support position. The annular sling 7 on the corresponding side is moved toward the center to replace the adjustment lifting point B. This replacement process is that the two ends of the annular sling 7 are moved together or one is moved toward the center. The two ends move toward the center together to adjust one adjustment lifting point B to adjust a lifting weight value G1. The calculation formula of G1 is as follows:

[0052] G1=0.5G / L

[0053] I--The weight of the crankshaft hanging point on the light side (unit: t)

[0054] N-- is the distance between the hanging point and the geometric center of the crankshaft (unit: m)

[0055] 0.5--The spacing of the adjustable hanging points (B) of the balance beam body (unit: m)

[0056] Move one end of the annular sling 7 toward the center to adjust the lifting point B to half the lifting weight value, then lift and hoist, repeat the first lifting process to see if the inclination angle meets the requirements of horizontal lifting. If not, repeat the adjustment process back to the support position until the lifting meets the requirements of horizontal lifting, and then record all the lifting point data of this model of crankshaft and the influence of the adjustment spacing on the lifting weight.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, in actual use, the crane hook hangs 4 steel wire ropes of equal length, and the other ends of the steel wire ropes are hung on both sides of the short pin shaft 3 (hanging point A) in the upper part of the balance beam body 1, and the hook and the balance beam body 1 are formed into a triangular structure through the steel wire ropes. Two annular slings are used to pass through the crankshaft hanging points and hang on both sides of the long pin shaft 5 (adjustment hanging point B) in the lower part of the balance beam body 1. At the same time, the long pin shaft 5 at the corresponding position is selected according to the weight distribution of the crankshaft, and finally the axis is horizontal with the ground when the crankshaft is hoisted horizontally. After the first hoisting test of each type of crankshaft, a fixed guiding document is formed, and the hoisting operation can be completed quickly during subsequent hoisting.

[0059] The embodiment is a 6G70ME-C type crankshaft horizontal hanging working condition diagram ( Figure 6 ), the crankshaft length is 8.7m and weight is 125t. Four wire ropes are hung on the anchor hook, and the other ends of the wire ropes are connected to the two ends of the short pin shaft respectively. Annular slings are hung on the long pin shafts at the left and right ends, and the slings go around the crankshaft hanging point. According to the position of the hanging point shown in the figure, the weight of the left hanging point is 12t greater than that of the right. The left side needs to adjust the long pin shaft hanging point on the balance device to move to the middle according to the figure to ensure the overall crankshaft hoisting level.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A balancing device for hoisting a large marine crankshaft, characterized in that: include: A balance beam body (1) is provided with a plurality of pairs of suspension points (A) which are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balance beam with the center line of the balance beam and can be connected to the lifting ropes individually. The balance beam body is provided with a plurality of pairs of adjustment suspension points (B) which are symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the balance beam with the center line of the balance beam in the area below each suspension point, and an equal-length annular sling (7) which is hoisted to the crankshaft suspension point (C) at one end and connected to the adjustment suspension point (B) of the balance beam body (1) at the other end. By adjusting the connection position of the annular sling (7) and the adjustment suspension point (B) of the balance beam body (1), the eccentric weight of the crankshaft on both sides of the crankshaft suspension point (C) is balanced to achieve level suspension of the crankshaft.

2. A balancing device for large-scale marine crankshaft hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the above lifting, the angle between the central axis of the crankshaft and the horizontal line is controlled at 0±2° to meet the horizontal lifting requirements.

3. A balancing device for large-scale marine crankshaft hoisting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The above-mentioned adjustment lifting point (B) is a double-point lifting structure with left and right ends; the above-mentioned annular lifting belt (7) is a closed annular structure, and its two ends are bent into a U shape during lifting, and the U-shaped bottom is designed to fit the crankshaft lifting point, which can effectively wrap and contact the bottom of the crankshaft lifting point, and the two ends are respectively connected to the lifting points on the left and right ends of the adjustment lifting point (B).

4. A balancing device for large-scale marine crankshaft hoisting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the annular slings (7) is the same as the number of the crankshaft suspension points (C), which is 2.

5. A balancing device for large-scale marine crankshaft hoisting according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a horizontal detection device (8) for detecting the angle between the crankshaft center axis and the horizontal line in real time during the lifting process.

6. A balancing device for large-scale marine crankshaft hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The above-mentioned level detection device is an electronic level meter that can display data in real time and is detachably mounted on the crankshaft through a saddle-shaped snap-fit ​​structure base; or it is an external laser level meter.

7. A crankshaft hoisting method using the balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: First, the shape, weight and center of gravity of the crankshaft are evaluated and analyzed, and the positions of the two suspension points (C) of the crankshaft are determined. The determination principle is that they are symmetrically distributed relative to the geometric center point of the crankshaft, and the geometric center of the crankshaft is used as a reference. The weight difference between the left suspension point position and the right suspension point position is calculated by comparing the weights of the components at both ends. Then, the U-shaped bottom of the annular sling (7) is bent around the crankshaft suspension point (C), that is, the annular sling (7) is placed under the crankshaft suspension point (C), so that the U-shaped bottom is evenly wrapped and contacts the bottom of the crankshaft suspension point (C); the adjustment of the two sides of the balance beam body (1) is selected according to the above weight difference. The starting point of the whole lifting point (B), both ends of the annular sling (7) are connected to the lifting points on both sides of the adjustment lifting point (B), and then the initial lifting is carried out. After lifting a certain distance, the horizontal degree of the crankshaft is observed in real time during the process to determine the first tilt angle, and then the crankshaft is lowered back to the support position. The annular sling (7) on the corresponding side is moved toward the center to replace the adjustment lifting point (B). This replacement process can be done by moving both ends of the annular sling (7) together or moving one of them toward the center. Moving both ends toward the center to adjust one adjustment lifting point (B) is to adjust a lifting weight value G1. The calculation formula of G1 is as follows: G1=0.5G / L G-- is the weight of the crankshaft hanging point on the light side (unit: t) L-- is the distance between the hanging point and the geometric center of the crankshaft (unit: m) 0.5--The spacing of the adjustable hanging points (B) of the balance beam body (unit: m) Move one end of the annular sling (7) toward the center to adjust the lifting point (B) to adjust the half lifting weight value, then perform the lifting and hoisting again, repeat the first lifting process to see whether the tilt angle meets the requirements of horizontal lifting. If not, repeat the adjustment process back to the support position until the lifting meets the requirements of horizontal lifting, and then record all the lifting point data of the crankshaft of this model and the influence of the adjustment spacing on the lifting weight.

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