Preparation method of self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing super-hydrophobic coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing super-hydrophobic coating, and belongs to the field of preparation of anti-icing coatings. The invention aims to solve the problems of high energy consumption, poor mechanical property and easy pollution of the traditional anti-icing material. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nano cellulose copolymer; 2, preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing super-hydrophobic coating solution; and 3, coating. The self-heating super-hydrophobic coating based on paraffin and palmitic acid eutectic carbon nanotubes is prepared by adopting an easy-to-spray method, has self-heating and super-hydrophobic dual performance, can store heat when sunlight is sufficient and release heat at low temperature, has good self-cleaning performance and mechanical performance, and can be used for preparing the self-heating super-hydrophobic coating based on paraffin and palmitic acid eutectic carbon nanotubes. The device is suitable for anti-icing and deicing in cold regions. According to the invention, a method of self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing super-hydrophobic coating is adopted, and the icing time is prolonged through self-heating, photo-thermal and super-hydrophobic functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of anti-icing coating preparation, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating. Background Art

[0002] Surface ice formation is a common phenomenon. Severe ice formation has a negative impact on human production and life, and has attracted increasing attention from the scientific community in recent years. Methods to solve the problem of surface ice formation can be divided into active deicing and passive anti-icing according to their working mechanism. Active deicing technology is divided into physical methods (mechanical deicing, electric heating deicing, ultrasonic deicing, etc.) and chemical methods (spraying NaCl, alcohol and other low freezing point solvents). However, active deicing has the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency and great damage to equipment. At present, people have conducted in-depth research on passive anti-icing and deicing methods, such as reducing air humidity, applying electric or magnetic fields, hydrophobic coatings, super-hydrophobic coatings, SLIPS coatings, lubricating coatings, etc. Super-hydrophobic coatings reduce the contact area between water droplets and the surface, and the freezing time is delayed. The rough structure of its surface forms an air barrier layer between the water droplets and the surface, further reducing heat conversion, but the performance of a single passive anti-icing is insufficient, especially for long-term anti-icing requirements. Photothermal coatings are widely used in deicing. They can prevent surface ice formation by increasing the surface temperature, but their deicing rate is often affected by insufficient light. Electrothermal anti-icing coatings use electricity to generate heat on the coating surface, but some electrical devices do not meet the surface electricity conditions. Therefore, traditional anti-icing materials face three key problems in practical applications: first, the energy consumption is too high, resulting in low energy efficiency; second, the surface is easily attached by pollutants, affecting material properties; third, the mechanical properties are insufficient and it is difficult to meet long-term use requirements. In response to the above problems, it is urgent to develop a new self-heating anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of high energy consumption, poor mechanical properties and susceptibility to contamination of traditional anti-icing materials, and to provide a method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating.

[0004] The present invention adopts an easy spraying method to prepare a self-heating super-hydrophobic coating based on paraffin wax and palmitic acid eutectic carbon nanotubes. The coating has the dual properties of self-heating and super-hydrophobicity, stores heat when there is sufficient sunlight, releases heat at low temperatures, and has good self-cleaning performance and mechanical properties, and is suitable for anti-icing and de-icing in cold areas.

[0005] The present invention uses paraffin mixed with palmitic acid to impregnate into a multilayer substrate carbon nanotube. Under sunlight, the photothermal material heats up quickly, transfers heat to the paraffin, and melts it; when the light is weak, the paraffin slowly releases heat without exuding. Aminopropyl triethoxysilane acts on carbon nanotubes to increase surface roughness and exhibit high hydrophobicity. 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose is used as a cross-linking agent to form a stable ionic bond cross-linking network, which gives the coating excellent cyclic stability. Therefore, the coating can implement an "active + passive" combination strategy, storing heat when the sun is sufficient and releasing heat at low temperatures, thereby extending the anti-icing and deicing effects.

[0006] A method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating is specifically completed in the following steps:

[0007] 1. Preparation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer:

[0008] ①, dispersing nanocellulose in deionized water, ultrasonically treating for a period of time, adding 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl free radical and NaClO solution, adjusting the pH value of the system to alkaline, and stirring the reaction at room temperature for a period of time to obtain a reaction product; washing the reaction product by centrifugation to neutrality, and then freeze-drying to obtain oxidized nanocellulose;

[0009] ②, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was added to a three-necked flask, nitrogen was introduced to exclude oxygen, and a water bath was heated to 70°C to 90°C, and then oxidized nanocellulose was added, magnetic stirring and ultrasonic dispersion were performed for a period of time, and then the reaction was continued at 70°C to 90°C for a period of time, centrifuged, the precipitate was collected, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer;

[0010] 2. Preparation of self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution:

[0011] Add paraffin and palmitic acid to cyclohexane, heat to 50°C-70°C in a constant temperature water bath, stir magnetically until the paraffin is completely dissolved, keep heating at 50°C-70°C, add carbon nanotubes, disperse ultrasonically for a period of time, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate, stir magnetically for a period of time, add aminopropyl triethoxysilane, stir magnetically for a period of time, add 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer, stir magnetically for a period of time, and cool to room temperature to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing superhydrophobic coating solution;

[0012] 3. Coating:

[0013] The self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution is uniformly coated on an aluminum substrate, and then vacuum dried to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating.

[0014] The main principles of the present invention:

[0015] Paraffin is adsorbed / impregnated into the porous substrate carbon nanotubes, and the photothermal material heats up quickly, transferring heat to the paraffin and melting it; when the light is weak, the paraffin slowly releases heat without exuding. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer (MDI) has multiple benzene rings and isocyanate groups in its molecular structure and a stable molecular structure. It reacts with aminopropyl triethoxysilane to form a polyurethane, which makes the coating have excellent cycle stability. As a new type of two-dimensional layered carbon material, carbon nanotubes have good inter-sheet contact, and the micro-nano structure can capture air. Aminopropyl triethoxysilane can form a spherical structure on the sheet structure by reacting with carbon nanotubes, showing high hydrophobicity, thereby increasing the water contact angle of the coating. The increase in surface roughness leads to an increase in specific surface area. Therefore, the coating maintains its excellent hydrophobicity and conductivity, which gives the coating stronger anti-icing / de-icing capabilities.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1. Paraffin wax mixed with palmitic acid is adsorbed / impregnated into the porous substrate carbon nanotubes. Under sunlight, the photothermal material heats up quickly, transferring heat to the paraffin wax-palmitic acid and melting it. When the light is weak, the paraffin wax-palmitic acid slowly releases heat without exudation.

[0018] 2. 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer is used as a crosslinker. Its molecular structure is stable and it reacts with aminopropyltriethoxysilane to form a polyurethane, which makes the coating have excellent cycle stability.

[0019] 3. The carbon nanotube flakes used in the present invention exhibit good micro-nano structures and can capture air. Aminopropyltriethoxysilane and carbon nanotubes can react to form a spherical structure on the flake structure, exhibiting high hydrophobicity, thereby increasing the water contact angle of the coating;

[0020] 4. Traditional anti-icing coatings consume a lot of energy and are easily contaminated. The present invention adopts a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating method to extend the freezing time through self-heating, photothermal and super-hydrophobic functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 is 0.8W / cm 2 Surface temperature variation diagram under irradiation;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the surface temperature change of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 after 20 cycles of anti-icing and de-icing;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the change in surface water contact angle of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 after 20 cycles of anti-icing and de-icing;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a surface temperature change diagram of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 when the ambient temperature is -5°C and there is no external light, where I is Example 1 and II is Comparative Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating, which is specifically completed according to the following steps:

[0026] 1. Preparation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer:

[0027] ①, dispersing nanocellulose in deionized water, ultrasonically treating for a period of time, adding 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl free radical and NaClO solution, adjusting the pH value of the system to alkaline, and stirring the reaction at room temperature for a period of time to obtain a reaction product; washing the reaction product by centrifugation to neutrality, and then freeze-drying to obtain oxidized nanocellulose;

[0028] ②, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was added to a three-necked flask, nitrogen was introduced to exclude oxygen, and a water bath was heated to 70°C to 90°C, and then oxidized nanocellulose was added, magnetic stirring and ultrasonic dispersion were performed for a period of time, and then the reaction was continued at 70°C to 90°C for a period of time, centrifuged, the precipitate was collected, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer;

[0029] 2. Preparation of self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution:

[0030] Add paraffin and palmitic acid to cyclohexane, heat to 50°C-70°C in a constant temperature water bath, stir magnetically until the paraffin is completely dissolved, keep heating at 50°C-70°C, add carbon nanotubes, disperse ultrasonically for a period of time, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate, stir magnetically for a period of time, add aminopropyl triethoxysilane, stir magnetically for a period of time, add 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer, stir magnetically for a period of time, and cool to room temperature to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing superhydrophobic coating solution;

[0031] 3. Coating:

[0032] The self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution is uniformly coated on an aluminum substrate, and then vacuum dried to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating.

[0033] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that: the mass ratio of the nanocellulose described in step 1① to the volume ratio of deionized water is (1g-2g):100mL; the mass volume ratio of the nanocellulose, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl free radical and NaClO solution described in step 1① is 1g:(0.05g-0.1g):10mL. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiment 1.

[0034] Specific implementation method 3: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 or 2 in that: the mass fraction of the NaClO solution in step 1① is 5% to 10%; the ultrasonic treatment time in step 1① is 20min to 40min. The other steps are the same as those in specific implementation method 1 or 2.

[0035] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that: in step 1①, the pH value of the system is adjusted to 10 to 11; in step 1①, the stirring reaction time at room temperature is 5 to 7 hours. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0036] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that the mass ratio of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate to oxidized nanocellulose in step 1 ② is (4-6):1; the speed of magnetic stirring in step 1 ② is 800 rpm to 1000 rpm. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0037] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 5 in that: the power of ultrasonic dispersion in step 1 ② is 300W to 400W; the time of magnetic stirring and ultrasonic dispersion is 20min to 40min; the time of reaction at 70℃ to 90℃ in step 1 ② is 10h to 12h. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 5.

[0038] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 6 in that: the washing described in step 1 ② is performed by washing with deionized water for 3 to 5 times; the vacuum drying temperature described in step 1 ② is 60° C. to 80° C., and the vacuum drying time is 20 h to 24 h. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 6.

[0039] Specific embodiment eight: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments one to seven in that: the mass volume ratio of paraffin, palmitic acid, carbon nanotubes and cyclohexane described in step two is 10g:5g:5g:100mL; the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes, sodium dodecyl sulfate, aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer described in step two is 5:0.1:2:5. The other steps are the same as specific embodiments one to seven.

[0040] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 8 in that: the ultrasonic dispersion time in step 2 is 10 min to 20 min; the speed of the magnetic stirring reaction in step 2 is 800 rpm to 1000 rpm, and the magnetic stirring reaction time is 10 min to 60 min. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 8.

[0041] Specific embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 9 in that: the coating thickness in step 3 is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm, the coating speed is 15 mm / s to 20 mm / s; the vacuum drying temperature in step 3 is 60°C to 70°C, and the vacuum drying time is 2h to 4h; the aluminum substrate in step 3 is an aluminum sheet. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 9.

[0042] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0043] Example 1: A method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating is specifically completed by the following steps:

[0044] 1. Preparation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer:

[0045] ①, 1.0g of nanocellulose was dispersed in 100mL of deionized water, ultrasonically treated for 30min, 0.05g of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl free radical and 10mL of NaClO solution were added, the pH value of the system was adjusted to 10.5, and then stirred at 25°C for 6h to obtain a reaction product; the reaction product was centrifuged and washed to neutrality, and then freeze-dried to obtain oxidized nanocellulose;

[0046] The mass fraction of the NaClO solution described in step 1① is 10%;

[0047] ②, add 5.0g 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate into a three-necked flask, introduce nitrogen to exclude oxygen, heat in a water bath to 80°C, then add 1.0g oxidized nanocellulose, stir magnetically and disperse ultrasonically at 1000rpm for 30min, react at 80°C for 12h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, wash with water 3 times, and vacuum dry at 60°C for 24h to obtain 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer;

[0048] The power of the ultrasonic dispersion described in step 1② is 350W;

[0049] 2. Preparation of self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution:

[0050] Add 10 g of paraffin and 5 g of palmitic acid to 100 mL of cyclohexane, heat to 60 ° C in a constant temperature water bath, stir magnetically until the paraffin is completely dissolved, keep heating at 60 ° C, add 5 g of carbon nanotubes, ultrasonically disperse for 15 min, then add 0.1 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, stir magnetically at 800 rpm for 10 min, then add 2 g of aminopropyl triethoxysilane, stir magnetically at 800 rpm for 20 min, then add 5 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer, stir magnetically at 900 rpm for 60 min, and obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing superhydrophobic coating solution;

[0051] 3. Coating:

[0052] The self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution was evenly coated on the aluminum substrate, and then vacuum dried at 65° C. for 3 h to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating;

[0053] The coating thickness described in step 3 is 0.5 mm and the coating speed is 15 mm / s;

[0054] The aluminum substrate described in step three is an aluminum sheet.

[0055] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that 8 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer is added in step 2. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Abrasion resistance test: After 20 tape peeling tests, the water contact angle of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 1 dropped to 143°±2°.

[0057] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the addition of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer is omitted in step 2. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0058] Abrasion resistance test: After 20 tape peeling tests, the water contact angle of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 2 dropped to 126°±2°.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the addition of aminopropyltriethoxysilane is omitted in step 2. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0060] Water contact angle test: The water contact angle of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 3 is 126±2°.

[0061] Comparative Example 4: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that 2 g of carbon nanotubes are added in step 2. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0062] Surface temperature test: Under 0°C, the surface temperature of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 4 was 0.8 W / cm 2 The surface temperature under irradiation was 14°C.

[0063] Comparative Example 5: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the mass volume ratio of paraffin, palmitic acid and cyclohexane in step 2 is 6 g:3 g:100 mL. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Surface temperature test: When the ambient temperature is -5°C and there is no external light, the surface temperature rises from -5°C to 4°C.

[0065] Comparative Example 6: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the mass volume ratio of paraffin, palmitic acid and cyclohexane in step 2 is 15 g:8 g:100 mL. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0066] Surface temperature test: When the ambient temperature is -5°C and there is no external light, the surface temperature rises from -5°C to 7°C.

[0067] Comparative Example 7: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the coating thickness in step 3 is 0.7 mm. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0068] Water contact angle test: The water contact angle of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 7 is 123±2°.

[0069] Figure 1 The self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 is 0.8W / cm 2 Surface temperature variation diagram under irradiation;

[0070] from Figure 1 It can be seen that the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 is 0.8W / cm 2The surface temperature rose from 0°C to 15°C within 15 minutes of irradiation, indicating that the coating has good photothermal properties and can be used as an anti-icing and de-icing coating in cold weather.

[0071] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the surface temperature change of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 after 20 cycles of anti-icing and de-icing;

[0072] from Figure 2 It can be seen that the surface temperature of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 was maintained at 17°C to 19°C after 20 cycles of anti-icing and de-icing, and the temperature remained basically unchanged, indicating that the coating has good thermal stability.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the change in surface water contact angle of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 after 20 cycles of anti-icing and de-icing;

[0074] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the water contact angle of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 remains basically unchanged after 20 cycles of anti-icing and de-icing, and is maintained at 149°~151°, indicating that the coating has good durability.

[0075] Figure 4 This is a surface temperature change diagram of the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 when the ambient temperature is -5°C and there is no external light, where I is Example 1 and II is Comparative Example 5.

[0076] from Figure 4 It can be seen that the self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 has a surface temperature rising to 7°C at -5°C and without external light; the surface temperature of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 5 rises from -5°C to 4°C, indicating that the coating prepared in Example 1 has better self-heating behavior.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating, characterized in that The preparation method is specifically completed according to the following steps:

1. Preparation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer: ①, dispersing nanocellulose in deionized water, ultrasonically treating for a period of time, adding 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl free radical and NaClO solution, adjusting the pH value of the system to alkaline, and stirring the reaction at room temperature for a period of time to obtain a reaction product; washing the reaction product by centrifugation to neutrality, and then freeze-drying to obtain oxidized nanocellulose; ②, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was added to a three-necked flask, nitrogen was introduced to exclude oxygen, and a water bath was heated to 70°C to 90°C, and then oxidized nanocellulose was added, magnetic stirring and ultrasonic dispersion were performed for a period of time, and then the reaction was continued at 70°C to 90°C for a period of time, centrifuged, the precipitate was collected, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer; 2. Preparation of self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution: Add paraffin and palmitic acid to cyclohexane, heat to 50°C-70°C in a constant temperature water bath, stir magnetically until the paraffin is completely dissolved, keep heating at 50°C-70°C, add carbon nanotubes, disperse ultrasonically for a period of time, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate, stir magnetically for a period of time, add aminopropyl triethoxysilane, stir magnetically for a period of time, add 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer, stir magnetically for a period of time, and cool to room temperature to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / deicing superhydrophobic coating solution; 3. Coating: The self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating solution is uniformly coated on an aluminum substrate, and then vacuum dried to obtain a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating.

2. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass volume ratio of the nanocellulose described in step 1① to deionized water is (1g~2g):100mL; the mass volume ratio of the nanocellulose, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl free radical and NaClO solution described in step 1① is 1g:(0.05g~0.1g):10mL.

3. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass fraction of the NaClO solution described in step 1① is 5% to 10%; the time of the ultrasonic treatment described in step 1① is 20min to 40min.

4. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1①, the pH value of the system is adjusted to 10-11; in step 1①, the stirring reaction time at room temperature is 5h-7h.

5. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate to oxidized nanocellulose described in step 1 ② is (4-6):1; the speed of the magnetic stirring described in step 1 ② is 800rpm-1000rpm.

6. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The power of the ultrasonic dispersion in step 1② is 300W to 400W; the time of magnetic stirring and ultrasonic dispersion is 20min to 40min; the reaction time at 70℃ to 90℃ in step 1② is 10h to 12h.

7. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The washing described in step 1② is to use deionized water to wash 3 to 5 times; the temperature of vacuum drying described in step 1② is 60℃~80℃, and the time of vacuum drying is 20h~24h.

8. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass volume ratio of paraffin, palmitic acid, carbon nanotubes and cyclohexane described in step 2 is 10g:5g:5g:100mL; the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes, sodium dodecyl sulfate, aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate grafted nanocellulose copolymer described in step 2 is 5:0.1:2:

5.

9. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The ultrasonic dispersion time in step 2 is 10 min to 20 min; the magnetic stirring reaction speed in step 2 is 800 rpm to 1000 rpm, and the magnetic stirring reaction time is 10 min to 60 min.

10. The method for preparing a self-heating PCM anti-icing / de-icing super-hydrophobic coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The coating thickness described in step three is 0.3mm-0.6mm, and the coating speed is 15mm / s-20mm / s; the vacuum drying temperature described in step three is 60℃-70℃, and the vacuum drying time is 2h-4h; the aluminum substrate described in step three is an aluminum sheet.

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