Biomass gasification equipment and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification, and particularly relates to biomass gasification equipment and method.The biomass gasification equipment comprises a machine body, a feeding port is formed in one side of the machine body, a gasification chamber is arranged in the machine body, a slag outlet is formed in the bottom of the gasification chamber, and a flue gas channel is arranged between the gasification chamber and a purification chamber arranged in the machine body; the purification chamber is communicated with the outside through an air outlet pipe; combustion gas is controlled to pass through the outer pipe, the purification area and the inner pipe, the combustion gas is filtered, pollutants such as tar and ash impurities in the combustion gas are separated out, the purity of the combustion gas is improved, the workload of follow-up treatment is reduced, and meanwhile the probability that the combustion gas flows in various follow-up conveying pipelines is reduced. Wherein impurities and pollutants adhere to a pipeline to influence smooth passing of gas, and normal operation of the whole biomass gasification treatment system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification, and specifically relates to a biomass gasification device and method. Background Art

[0002] Traditionally, crop straw and other biomass are often treated by incineration, which seriously affects the air environment and fire safety in rural areas and surrounding cities. There are two existing methods for processing biomass: one is to make biomass raw materials into fuel blocks instead of coal as a new type of fuel, which can effectively use biomass to solve problems such as the shortage of coal resources. However, compared with the traditional rural direct use of biomass as fuel, the preparation of fuel blocks has invisibly increased the cost of biomass combustion and cannot be popularized in rural areas; the other is to gasify biomass raw materials to generate combustible gas instead of traditional natural gas for cooking, hot water, heating, etc. for rural residents, and at the same time, its by-products such as tar and acetic acid can be collected and reused. In today's energy shortage, the prices of coal and liquefied gas have been rising.

[0003] The straw gasification furnace only needs a small amount of plant straw to produce combustible gas. The firepower is equivalent to that of liquefied gas, and the combustion temperature even exceeds that of liquefied gas. It has a high biomass utilization rate and can specifically solve problems such as the difficulty in rural biomass treatment and the difficulty in popularizing natural gas. It has the advantages of saving natural gas energy, high by-product returns, and no air pollution.

[0004] Because the combustion gas formed in the gasification process contains a large amount of pollutants such as ash and tar, these pollutants and impurities reduce the purity of the combustion gas and make it difficult to use normally. The external purification equipment needs to be transported through pipelines. Impurities such as tar in the combustion gas tend to adhere to these external pipelines when flowing in the pipelines, which brings difficulties to subsequent cleaning and affects the utilization efficiency of the combustion gas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a biomass gasification device and method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the present invention proposes a biomass gasification device, comprising a body, a feed port is arranged on one side of the body, a gasification chamber is arranged inside the body, a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber, a smoke channel is arranged between the gasification chamber and a purification chamber arranged inside the body, and the purification chamber is communicated with the outside through an exhaust pipe; A purification tube is arranged in the middle of the purification chamber. The purification tube is a double-layer structure, including an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is embedded in the middle of the outer tube. The inner tube is connected to the air outlet pipe, and both the inner tube and the outer tube are filter structures. The area inside the purification chamber between the inner wall of the purification chamber and the purification pipe is the air intake area, the gap area between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is the purification area, the purification area is filled with adsorption filler, and the air intake area is connected to the smoke channel; The top of the purification chamber is provided with a spray hole, and the spray hole is communicated with an external spray device. The area inside the body located at the lower side of the purification chamber is provided with a recovery chamber, and the recovery chamber is communicated with the bottom of the purification chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the ends of both sides of the purification tube are provided with fixing plates, and the fixing plates include a limiting portion and a sealing portion; The closing part is fixedly connected to both side ends of the outer tube and the inner tube, the limiting part is located outside the closing part, and the limiting part is rotationally connected to the closing part, and the limiting part is connected to the inside of the body; A rotating device is provided at the middle position of the limiting part close to one side of the smoke channel, and an output end of the rotating device is connected to the closing part. The rotating device is controlled by an external controller to realize the rotation of the closing part relative to the limiting part.

[0008] Preferably, a heat exchange cavity is provided on the side wall of the flue gas channel, the interior of the heat exchange cavity is filled with a heat exchange fluid, and the heat exchange cavity is communicated with an external heat exchange device; An isolation net with an annular structure is arranged inside the smoke channel, and the isolation net is connected to the inner wall of the smoke channel through isolation rings arranged on both sides, and there is an isolation gap between the isolation net and the inner wall of the smoke channel; The limiting portion close to one side of the smoke channel is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the adjacent isolation ring, and a connecting hole is provided on the isolation ring close to the fixed plate, and the connecting hole bypasses the corresponding fixed plate to achieve the connection between the isolation gap and the air intake area.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting portion on one side away from the smoke channel is connected to an output end of a telescopic device arranged inside the machine body, and the telescopic device is controlled by an external controller; The purification zone between the inner tube and the outer tube is evenly provided with partitions, the partitions are distributed in an annular shape around the central axis of the inner tube, and the partitions divide the annular purification zone into a plurality of partitions, and the adsorption filler is evenly distributed in each of the partitions.

[0010] Preferably, the inner tube opening is communicated with the air outlet pipe through a transmission pipe, and the middle portion of the transmission pipe is communicated with the spraying equipment through a backwash pipe.

[0011] Preferably, impact blocks are evenly arranged on both sides of the partition, ends of the impact blocks are embedded in the partition area, and conical crushing blocks are evenly arranged on both sides of the impact blocks.

[0012] Preferably, the partition is provided with a guide hole at one end portion close to the inner tube, the guide hole is communicated with the inner area of ​​the inner tube, and the guide hole extends into the inside of the impact block, and is communicated with the impact holes provided on the impact block in the gap area between the crushing blocks.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the inner tube is evenly provided with bristles, and the ends of the bristles pass through the gaps between the adsorption materials and the outer tube and extend into the air inlet area.

[0014] Preferably, the outer ring diameter of the limiting portion is larger than the diameter of the outer tube cross section, and the inner ring surface of the isolation ring is flush with the inner wall surface of the isolation net.

[0015] A biomass gasification method, the gasification method uses the above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, and the specific steps of the gasification method are: S1: pre-treating the biomass raw materials, crushing the biomass raw materials, then putting them into a dryer for drying and dehydration, and pressing them into granules; S2: The granular biomass raw materials are fed into the feed port of the gasification equipment through a screw feeding device, and then flow into the gasification chamber, where the biomass raw materials are in an oxygen-deficient environment and are heated and decomposed to form gaseous combustion gas and biomass residue; S3: The combustion gas flows into the purification chamber through the flue gas channel and is filtered and purified in the process of passing through the purification pipe. The ash impurities and tar in the combustion gas are separated with the purification mist released by the spraying equipment. The purified combustion gas flows from the outlet pipe to the next treatment process; S4: During the interval of biomass gasification processing, the slag outlet is opened regularly to clean the accumulated biomass residues and transport them to the storage tank for storage and packaging.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The biomass gasification equipment and method described in the present invention controls the combustion gas to pass through the outer tube, the purification zone and the inner tube. The outer tube and the inner tube of the filter structure filter the combustion gas. The adsorption filler filled in the purification zone causes the pollutants and impurities in the combustion gas to be adsorbed on the surface of the adsorption filler, thereby achieving multiple purification of the combustion gas. The purified combustion gas enters the inner tube, then flows to the outside through the gas outlet pipe, and is transported to the next processing step. The present application purifies the combustion gas to separate pollutants such as tar and ash impurities therein, thereby improving the purity of the combustion gas and reducing the workload of subsequent processing. It also reduces the problem of impurities and pollutants in the combustion gas adhering to the pipelines when the combustion gas flows in various subsequent transportation pipelines, affecting the smooth passage of the gas, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire biomass gasification treatment system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the biomass gasification equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the biomass gasification device of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 4 is a stereoscopic diagram of the purification tube in the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the purification tube in the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the biomass gasification method of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: body 1, feed inlet 11, gasification chamber 12, slag outlet 13, purification chamber 14, air inlet area 141, spray hole 142, flue gas channel 15, heat exchange chamber 151, isolation net 152, isolation ring 153, isolation gap 154, connecting hole 155, air outlet pipe 16, recovery chamber 17, telescopic device 18, purification pipe 2, outer pipe 21, inner pipe 22, purification area 23, partition 231, partition area 232, impact block 233, crushing block 234, guide hole 235, impact hole 236, fixed plate 24, rotating device 241, limit part 242, closing part 243, transmission pipe 25, backwash pipe 251, bristles 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1: As shown in the attached figure of the specification Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a biomass gasification device comprises a body 1, a feed inlet 11 is arranged on one side of the body 1, a gasification chamber 12 is arranged inside the body 1, a slag outlet 13 is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber 12, a smoke passage 15 is arranged between the gasification chamber 12 and a purification chamber 14 arranged inside the body 1, and the purification chamber 14 is communicated with the outside through an exhaust pipe 16; A purification tube 2 is provided in the middle of the purification chamber 14. The purification tube 2 is a double-layer structure, including an outer tube 21 and an inner tube 22. The inner tube 22 is embedded in the middle of the outer tube 21. The inner tube 22 is connected to the air outlet pipe 16, and both the inner tube 22 and the outer tube 21 are filter structures. The area inside the purification chamber 14 between the inner wall of the purification chamber 14 and the purification pipe 2 is the air inlet area 141, and the gap area between the inner pipe 22 and the outer pipe 21 is the purification area 23. The purification area 23 is filled with adsorption fillers. The air inlet area 141 is connected to the smoke channel 15. A spray hole 142 is provided at the top of the purification chamber 14, and the spray hole 142 is communicated with an external spray device to purify the adsorbent filler; a recovery chamber 17 is provided in the area below the purification chamber 14 inside the machine body 1, and the recovery chamber 17 is communicated with the bottom of the purification chamber 14. The spray device can select an existing waste gas purification spray device, equipped with an atomizer and a fan device, to atomize water mixed with detergent to form purified water mist, and then form a certain strength of airflow through the fan to be injected into the spray hole 142.

[0022] Specific work flow: During the biomass gasification process, the pre-treated biomass raw materials such as straw are input into the gasification chamber 12 inside the body 1 through the feed port 11, and after heating, the biomass raw materials undergo pyrolysis and gasification reactions and oxidation-reduction reactions in an oxygen-deficient environment. In this process, the biomass raw materials generate combustion gas, and after the smoke channel 15 is opened, the gas is filtered and purified in the purification chamber 14, and then flows to the outside along the gas outlet pipe 16; Because the combustion gas formed in the gasification chamber 12 contains a large amount of pollutant impurities such as ash and tar, these pollutants and impurities reduce the purity of the combustion gas and make it difficult to use it normally, so it needs to be processed in the purification chamber 14; specifically, the combustion gas flowing out of the flue gas channel 15 flows into the air intake area 141 in the purification chamber 14, and then the air pump device connected to the air outlet pipe 16 is started to start pumping air, forming a negative pressure in the area of ​​the connected inner tube 22, so that the combustion gas in the air intake area 141 flows toward the middle inner tube 22; During this process, the flue gas needs to pass through the outer tube 21, the purification zone 23 and the inner tube 22. The outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 of the filter structure filter the combustion gas. At the same time, when the combustion gas passes through the gap of the adsorption filler filled in the purification zone 23, because the adsorption filler can be selected from activated carbon particles or other types of adsorption materials, when the adsorption filler contacts the combustion gas, due to the loose and porous characteristics of the adsorption filler, the pollutants and impurities in the combustion gas are adsorbed to the surface of the adsorption filler, thereby achieving multiple purifications of the combustion gas; the purified combustion gas enters the inner tube 22, and then flows to the outside through the outlet pipe 16 and is transported to the next processing step; the present application purifies the combustion gas to separate pollutants such as tar and ash impurities therein, thereby improving the purity of the combustion gas and reducing the workload of subsequent processing. At the same time, it also reduces the problem of impurities and pollutants in the combustion gas adhering to the pipeline when the combustion gas flows in various subsequent transportation pipelines, affecting the smooth passage of the gas, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire biomass gasification treatment system; Furthermore, in order to ensure further purification of the combustion gas, while the combustion gas flows into the air inlet area 141, the spraying equipment is started regularly according to the purification needs, and the spray liquid mixed with the cleaning agent is atomized to form a spray water mist which is input into the air inlet area 141 from the spray port. The cleaning agent can be selected to be a type used for cleaning tar; the spray water mist is mixed with the combustion gas, which reduces the temperature of the combustion gas to cause some of the pollutants therein to precipitate, and combines with the particulate pollutants therein to cause them to settle and concentrate at the bottom of the purification chamber 14; at the same time, because the mesh number of the inner tube 22 is larger than that of the outer tube 21, and the aperture of the outer tube 21 is The inner tube 22 is relatively large, so part of the spray water mist can be smoothly mixed into the purification area 23, and combined with impurities in the combustion gas in the gap between the adsorption fillers to improve the purification effect; and the purified water mist accumulates in the gap between the adsorption fillers to form a flowing purification liquid to take away the pollutants and impurities adhering to the surface of the adsorption fillers and the surfaces of the inner tube 22 and the outer tube 21, and flows downward to enter the recovery chamber 17 for collection; because the pore size of the inner tube 22 is relatively small, the penetration of the purified water mist is prevented, so that it flows downward along the surface, and a drying and dehydration process can be added after the combustion gas flows out of the outlet pipe 16 to reduce the water content in the combustion gas; In this way, while purifying the combustion gas, the adsorption filler and the inner tube 22 and the outer tube 21 are cleaned regularly to ensure the continuous purification of the combustion gas and improve the drying and purification efficiency of the combustion gas.

[0023] Embodiment 2: On the basis of the first embodiment, the two ends of the purification tube 2 are provided with fixing plates 24, and the fixing plates 24 include a limiting portion 242 and a closing portion 243; The closing portion 243 is fixedly connected to the ends of both sides of the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22, and the limiting portion 242 is located outside the closing portion 243. The closing portion 243 and the limiting portion 242 are both circular plate structures, and the limiting portion 242 and the closing portion 243 are rotatably connected. The limiting portion 242 is connected to the inside of the body 1 to fix and limit the outer tube 21, the inner tube 22 and the closing portion 243 in the middle; A rotating device 241 is arranged in the middle of the limiting part 242 near the side of the smoke passage 15. The output end of the rotating device 241 is connected to the closing part 243. The rotating device here can be a driving motor device. The rotating device 241 is controlled by an external controller. Because the diameter of the closing part 243 is smaller than that of the limiting part 242, and the closing part 243 is not directly connected to the inside of the body 1 and is in a nearly suspended state, when the rotating device 241 is started, the limiting part 242 remains stationary due to contact friction, and the closing part 243 can drive the middle outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 to rotate, so as to realize the rotation of the closing part 243 relative to the limiting part 242. Specific work flow: On the basis of the specific work flow in Example 1, in order to fully mix the adsorption filler inside the purification area 23 with the spray water mist flowing from top to bottom, start the rotating device 241 to drive the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 to rotate slowly, so that the various parts of the internal annular purification area 23 are rotated to the position opposite to the spray hole 142 in turn, and combined with the spray water mist flowing downward, the spray water mist is prompted to be fully mixed into the purification area 23, and the pollutants and impurities adhered to the surface of the adsorption filler inside the purification area 23 are taken away. At the same time, as the purification tube 2 rotates to the bottom of the purification chamber 14, due to the centrifugal effect and gravity, the purification liquid changes its flow direction and flows out of the outer tube 21 in the direction away from the inner tube 22, while taking away the impurities and pollutants adhered in the purification area 23, so that the adsorption filler inside the purification area 23 is fully purified, thereby improving the utilization rate of the purified water mist.

[0024] Embodiment three: On the basis of the second embodiment, a heat exchange chamber 151 is provided on the side wall of the flue gas channel 15. The heat exchange chamber 151 is filled with a heat exchange fluid, and the heat exchange chamber 151 is communicated with an external heat exchange device. The heat exchange device can be an existing heat exchange device. The water inlet end of the external heat exchange device is connected to the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 151, and the water outlet end is connected to the top of the heat exchange chamber 151. As the heat exchange fluid circulates, the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange chamber 151 absorbs the heat of the flowing combustion gas and flows into the heat exchange device, so that the heat therein is fully recycled. An annular isolation net 152 is provided inside the smoke channel 15. The isolation net 152 is connected to the inner wall of the smoke channel 15 through isolation rings 153 provided on both sides, and an isolation gap 154 ​​exists between the isolation net 152 and the inner wall of the smoke channel 15. The limiting portion 242 of the fixing plate 24 close to the flue gas channel 15 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the adjacent isolation ring 153, and a connecting hole 155 is provided on the side wall of the isolation ring 153 close to the fixing plate 24. The connecting hole 155 bypasses the corresponding fixing plate 24 to achieve the connection between the isolation gap 154 ​​and the air inlet area 141; the limiting portion 242 away from the flue gas channel 15 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the purification chamber 14, and the contact surface of the outer ring end of the limiting portion 242 is made of elastic material; Specific workflow: Based on the specific workflow in the second embodiment, the temperature of the combustion gas flowing out of the gasification chamber 12 is too high. The higher temperature is not conducive to the cleaning of impurities and pollutants during the flow process. The combustion gas flowing out of the gas outlet pipe 16 to the subsequent pipeline equipment is also easy to cause the contacted pipelines and equipment to be corroded due to the high temperature and pollutants, thereby increasing the probability of damage; Therefore, a heat exchange chamber 151 is arranged in the side wall of the flue gas channel 15. The heat exchange chamber 151 is annular and surrounds the middle flue gas channel 15. The inner wall of the heat exchange chamber 151 close to the flue gas channel 15 is made of heat-conducting material. In this way, during the flow of the combustion flue gas, the side wall of the heat exchange chamber 151 transfers the heat of the combustion flue gas to the heat exchange fluid flowing inside, and then transfers the heat to the heat exchange device on the outside, thereby cooling the combustion gas and utilizing the heat of the combustion gas, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. In addition, an isolation net 152 is provided on the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15. Before the combustion gas flows into the isolation gap 154 ​​and contacts the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15, the combustion gas first needs to pass through the isolation net 152, so as to separate the ash impurities in the flue gas and reduce the soot impurities accumulated and adhered to the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15 during the contact process with the combustion gas, thereby ensuring the heat collection efficiency of the combustion gas; because the fixed plate 24 on one side of the purification tube 2 is slidably embedded in the flue gas channel 15, the combustion gas can only pass through the isolation net 152 to enter the isolation gap 154 ​​after being blocked, and then flow into the air intake area 141 inside the purification chamber 14 through the connecting hole 155 on the isolation ring 153; such control of the flow path of the combustion gas increases the stagnation time of the combustion gas in the flue gas channel 15, and contacts the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15 in the isolation gap 154 ​​more fully, thereby improving the heat recovery efficiency of the combustion gas.

[0025] Embodiment 4: On the basis of the third embodiment, the rotating device 241 is connected to the output end of the telescopic device 18 provided inside the body 1, and the telescopic device 18 can select an existing electric telescopic device and be controlled by an external controller; The opening of the inner tube 22 on the fixed plate 24 is connected to the air outlet pipe 16 through the transmission pipe 25, and the middle part of the transmission pipe 25 is connected to the spray equipment through the backwash pipe 251. The transmission pipe 25 and the backwash pipe 251 are both telescopic hose structures, and the transmission pipe 25 and the inner tube 22 are rotatably connected, which does not affect the relative rotation of the inner tube 22 under the action of the rotating device 241; Specific work flow: Based on the specific work flow in Example 3, the backwash pipe 251 is connected to the output end of the spray equipment, and a control valve is provided at the joint of the backwash pipe 251 and the transmission pipe 25. When the combustion gas flows normally, the control valve remains closed to disconnect the connection between the backwash pipe 251 and the transmission pipe 25; when the purification pipe 2 needs to be fully cleaned, the intermittent time period of the gasification chamber 12 is selected. At this time, the opening between the flue gas channel 15 and the gasification chamber 12 can be closed, and the joint end of the gas outlet pipe 16 and the transmission pipe 25 is closed, and the control valve at the connection between the backwash pipe 251 and the transmission pipe 25 is opened, so that the backwash pipe 251 and the transmission pipe 25 are connected; the spray equipment is started to allow part of the purified water mist to flow into the backwash pipe 251, and then flow along the transmission pipe 25 into the inner pipe 22, and flush the purification pipe 2 from the inner pipe 22 to the outside; In this way, the reverse flow of the cleaning water mist flushes the inner wall surface of the transmission pipe 25 and the inner pipe 22, and removes impurities such as ash and tar adhering to the inner wall surface, thereby cleaning the transmission pipe 25 and the inner pipe 22, and ensuring the smooth flow of the subsequent combustion gas; the adsorption filler filled in the purification area 23 will be simultaneously flushed by the purification water mist from the inside to the outside of the inner pipe 22, and the purification water mist flowing out of the spray hole 142 from the outside to the inside, so that the adsorption filler is stirred and kept loose, avoiding the problem of compaction of the adsorption filler affecting the passage of the combustion gas; and the multi-directional purification water mist flushing avoids the scouring effect of a single direction that causes the adsorption filler to be compacted, and can also make the contact between the purification water mist and the adsorption filler more complete, thereby improving the purification and cleaning efficiency of the adsorption filler; Furthermore, for the cleaning of the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15 and the isolation net 152, the telescopic device 18 is started to drive the purification tube 2 to slide horizontally and move toward the inside of the flue gas channel 15, so that the purification tube 2 is embedded in the flue gas channel 15, and then the backwash pipe 251 is kept to input purified water mist, so that the purified water mist flows out from the inside to the outside and flushes the isolation net 152 and the surface of the flue gas channel 15, thereby driving the impurities and pollutants adhering to the isolation net 152 and the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15, prompting them to mix into the flowing cleaning liquid, and then flow into the purification chamber 14 along the connecting hole 155, and then be recovered by the recovery chamber 17. This cleaning is continued for multiple times to ensure that the isolation net 152 and the inner wall surface of the purification channel are fully cleaned, so that the combustion gas can flow smoothly through the flue gas channel 15 again, and the heat in the combustion gas can also be smoothly collected by the recovery chamber.

[0026] Embodiment five: On the basis of the fourth embodiment, impact blocks 233 are evenly arranged on both sides of the partition 231 , the ends of the impact blocks 233 are embedded in the partition area 232 , and conical crushing blocks 234 are evenly arranged on both sides of the impact blocks 233 .

[0027] A flow guide hole 235 is provided at the end of one side of the partition plate 231 close to the inner tube 22. The flow guide hole 235 is communicated with the inner area of ​​the inner tube 22, and the flow guide hole 235 extends into the inside of the impact block 233, and is communicated with the impact hole 236 provided on the impact block 233 in the gap area between the crushing blocks 234; The purification area 23 between the inner tube 22 and the outer tube 21 is evenly provided with partitions 231, which are distributed in an annular manner around the central axis of the inner tube 22, and the partitions 231 divide the annular purification area 23 into a plurality of partitions 232, and the adsorbent fillers are evenly distributed in each partition 232; Specific workflow: On the basis of the specific workflow in Example 4, the interior of the purification zone 23 is divided into a plurality of partition zones 232 by a partition 231, so that the adsorption filler is dispersed into a plurality of partition zones 232, so that the distribution of the adsorption filler can be restricted to avoid its aggregation in a local area of ​​the purification zone 23, resulting in uneven distribution, thereby affecting the permeability and purification effect of the combustion gas; when the purification zone 23 needs to be cleaned, with the start-up of the spraying equipment, the purified water mist is flushed and cleaned from both sides of the inner and outer sides of the middle partition zone 232, fully stirring the adsorption filler located inside the partition zone 232 to enhance its fluidity; the flowing adsorption filler contacts the impact blocks 233 evenly distributed on the partition 231, and the conical end of the impact block 233 and the crushing blocks 234 on both sides of the impact block 233 impact the adsorption filler, so that the part of the adsorption filler that tends to aggregate into agglomerates is broken and refined under the impact, thereby ensuring the loose state of the adsorption filler; Furthermore, part of the purified water mist that flows into the inner tube 22 flows in from the guide hole 235 and flows out from the impact hole 236 in the gap between the crushing blocks 234. Because the impact block 233 is embedded in the adsorption filler, the purified water mist flowing out from the impact block 233 cleans the impurities embedded in the gap between the crushing blocks 234 while flushing from the inside of the adsorption filler to the outside, and cooperates with the flushing and cleaning effect of the purified water mist on the outside to improve the contact degree between the purified water mist and the adsorption filler, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the adsorption filler, ensuring the smooth passage of the combustion gas and the purification treatment efficiency in subsequent work.

[0028] Embodiment six: On the basis of the fifth embodiment, the outer surface of the inner tube 22 is evenly provided with bristles 26, and the ends of the bristles 26 pass through the gap between the adsorbent materials and the outer tube 21, and extend into the air inlet area 141; the outer circle diameter of the upper limit portion 242 of the fixed plate 24 is larger than the diameter of the cross section of the outer tube 21, the outer circle end of the limit portion 242 is raised higher than the surface of the outer tube 21, and the inner circle surface of the isolation ring 153 is flush with the inner wall surface of the isolation net 152, so that when the purification tube 2 is embedded in the flue gas channel 15, a gap is maintained between the outer tube 21 and the inner surface of the isolation net 152, and there is no direct contact, so that the bristles 26 have space to stretch in the gap area, avoiding the friction contact between the isolation net 152 and the surface of the outer tube 21, which causes the middle bristles 26 to be worn and broken; Specific working process: On the basis of the specific working process in the fifth embodiment, the end of the bristle 26 arranged on the outer surface of the inner tube 22 passes through the gap between the adsorption fillers and the filter hole of the outer tube 21 and extends into the purification chamber 14. With the flow of combustion gas and the flushing of external purified water mist and other external forces, the bristles 26 are caused to vibrate, and the elastic bristles 26 transmit the vibration to the gap between the adsorption fillers in contact, so that the gap between the adsorption fillers is dredged to ensure a loose state; and when the combustion gas or purified water mist extends into the adsorption filler, it can flow along the surface of the bristles 26, so that it can flow into the gap between the adsorption fillers more smoothly and fully contact with the adsorption fillers, ensuring that the adsorption fillers can fully play their role; And in the subsequent cleaning process, when the purification tube 2 moves and embeds into the flue gas channel 15 under the action of the telescopic device 18, after moving horizontally and embedding into the inside of the flue gas channel 15, when it rotates under the action of the rotating device 241, the end of the bristle 26 extending out of the outer tube 21 contacts the isolation net 152 and scrapes the isolation net 152 during the rotation process. The purified water mist flowing outward from the inner tube 22 can also flow along the surface of the bristle 26 to act on the isolation net 152, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the isolation net 152; as the purification tube 2 rotates, the end of the bristle 26 can also pass through the gap of the isolation net 152 to act on the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the flue gas channel 15 and ensuring the smooth flow of subsequent combustion gases.

[0029] Embodiment seven: Based on the above embodiments, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 7 As shown, a biomass gasification method is provided, the biomass gasification method uses the above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, and the specific steps of the biomass gasification method are: S1: pre-treating the biomass raw materials, crushing the biomass raw materials, then putting them into a dryer for drying and dehydration, and pressing them into granules; S2: The granular biomass raw material is fed into the feed port 11 of the gasification device through a screw feeding device, and then flows into the gasification chamber 12, where the biomass raw material is in an oxygen-deficient environment and is heated and decomposed to form gaseous combustion gas and biomass residue; S3: The combustion gas flows into the purification chamber 14 through the flue gas channel 15, and is filtered and purified in the process of passing through the purification pipe 2. The ash impurities and tar in the combustion gas are separated with the purification mist released by the spraying equipment. The purified combustion gas flows from the outlet pipe 16 to the next treatment process; S4: During the interval of biomass gasification processing, the slag outlet 13 is opened regularly to clean the accumulated biomass residues, and the residues are transported to a storage tank for storage and packaging.

[0030] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification device, comprising a body (1), a feed inlet (11) being arranged on one side of the body (1), a gasification chamber (12) being arranged inside the body (1), a slag outlet (13) being arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber (12), a smoke passage (15) being arranged between the gasification chamber (12) and a purification chamber (14) arranged inside the body (1), and the purification chamber (14) being communicated with the outside through an exhaust pipe (16); Features: A purification tube (2) is arranged in the middle of the purification chamber (14); the purification tube (2) is a double-layer structure, comprising an outer tube (21) and an inner tube (22); the inner tube (22) is embedded in the middle of the outer tube (21); the inner tube (22) is communicated with the air outlet tube (16); and both the inner tube (22) and the outer tube (21) are filter structures; The area inside the purification chamber (14) between the inner wall of the purification chamber (14) and the purification pipe (2) is an air intake area (141), the gap area between the inner pipe (22) and the outer pipe (21) is a purification area (23), the purification area (23) is filled with adsorption filler, and the air intake area (141) is in communication with the smoke channel (15); The top of the purification chamber (14) is provided with a spray hole (142), and the spray hole (142) is communicated with an external spray device. A recovery chamber (17) is provided in an area located below the purification chamber (14) inside the machine body (1), and the recovery chamber (17) is communicated with the bottom of the purification chamber (14).

2. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side ends of the purification tube (2) are provided with fixing plates (24), and the fixing plates (24) include a limiting portion (242) and a sealing portion (243); The closing portion (243) is fixedly connected to the ends of both sides of the outer tube (21) and the inner tube (22); the limiting portion (242) is located outside the closing portion (243); the limiting portion (242) and the closing portion (243) are rotatably connected; and the limiting portion (242) is connected to the inside of the machine body (1); A rotating device (241) is provided at a middle position of the limiting portion (242) close to one side of the smoke passage (15); an output end of the rotating device (241) is connected to the closing portion (243); and the rotating device (241) is controlled by an external controller to realize rotation of the closing portion (243) relative to the limiting portion (242).

3. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the flue gas channel (15) is provided with a heat exchange cavity (151), the interior of the heat exchange cavity (151) is filled with a heat exchange fluid, and the heat exchange cavity (151) is communicated with an external heat exchange device; An isolation net (152) of an annular structure is arranged inside the smoke channel (15); the isolation net (152) is connected to the inner wall of the smoke channel (15) via isolation rings (153) arranged on both sides, and an isolation gap (154) exists between the isolation net (152) and the inner wall of the smoke channel (15); The limiting portion (242) on one side close to the smoke channel (15) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the adjacent isolation ring (153), and a connecting hole (155) is provided on the isolation ring (153) close to the fixed plate (24), and the connecting hole (155) bypasses the corresponding fixed plate (24) to achieve communication between the isolation gap (154) and the air intake area (141).

4. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting portion (242) on a side away from the smoke channel (15) is connected to an output end of a telescopic device (18) disposed inside the machine body (1), and the telescopic device (18) is controlled by an external controller; The purification zone (23) between the inner tube (22) and the outer tube (21) is evenly provided with partitions (231), the partitions (231) are distributed in an annular shape around the central axis of the inner tube (22), and the partitions (231) divide the annular purification zone (23) into a plurality of partition zones (232), and the adsorption filler is evenly distributed in each of the partition zones (232).

5. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening of the inner tube (22) is communicated with the air outlet pipe (16) through a transmission pipe (25), and the middle portion of the transmission pipe (25) is communicated with the spraying equipment through a backwash pipe (251).

6. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Impact blocks (233) are evenly arranged on both sides of the partition plate (231), the ends of the impact blocks (233) are embedded in the separation area (232), and conical crushing blocks (234) are evenly arranged on both sides of the impact blocks (233).

7. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The partition plate (231) is provided with a flow guide hole (235) at an end portion of one side close to the inner tube (22); the flow guide hole (235) is communicated with an internal area of ​​the inner tube (22); the flow guide hole (235) extends into the interior of the impact block (233), and is communicated with an impact hole (236) provided on the impact block (233) in a gap area between the crushing blocks (234).

8. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the inner tube (22) is evenly provided with bristles (26), and the ends of the bristles (26) pass through the gaps between the adsorption materials and the outer tube (21) and extend into the air inlet area (141).

9. The biomass gasification equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer ring diameter of the upper limit portion (242) of the fixing plate (24) is larger than the diameter of the cross section of the outer tube (21), and the inner ring surface of the isolation ring (153) is flush with the inner wall surface of the isolation net (152).

10. A biomass gasification method, wherein the biomass gasification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, characterized in that: The specific steps of the gasification method are: S1: pre-treating the biomass raw materials, crushing the biomass raw materials, then putting them into a dryer for drying and dehydration, and pressing them into granules; S2: The granular biomass raw material is fed into the feed port (11) of the gasification device through a screw feeding device, and then flows into the gasification chamber (12), where the biomass raw material is placed in an oxygen-deficient environment and is heated and decomposed to form gaseous combustion gas and biomass residue; S3: The combustion gas flows into the purification chamber (14) through the flue gas passage (15) and is filtered and purified in the process of passing through the purification pipe (2). Ash impurities and tar in the combustion gas are separated by the purified water mist released by the spraying equipment. The purified combustion gas flows from the gas outlet pipe (16) to the next treatment process. S4: During the interval of biomass gasification processing, the slag outlet (13) is opened regularly to clean the accumulated biomass residues, and the residues are transported to a storage tank for storage and packaging.

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