Wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fabrics and discloses a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, a betaine polyaramid finishing agent and an emulsifier are added to water, stirred, and then a cotton fabric composite fabric is added for finishing, followed by two dipping and two padding, pre-baking, and baking to obtain the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric. The side chain of the betaine polyaramid contains active hydroxyl groups, which interact with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the cotton fabric by hydrogen bonding and the like, thereby improving the bonding force between the two and making the polyaramid finishing agent more firmly adhere to the fabric surface and not easy to fall off after washing. The breaking strength, anti-pilling performance and wear resistance of the finished cotton fabric are significantly improved, and the fabric still has good breaking strength and wear resistance after multiple washings, thereby reducing fabric damage caused by wear and tear, enhancing the anti-pilling effect, ensuring the flatness and beauty of the fabric, and significantly extending the overall service life of products made of the fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fabrics, in particular to a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cotton fabrics have good moisture absorption, breathability, and comfort, and are widely used in clothing and home textiles. As people's living standards continue to improve, the market demand for high-end clothing and home textile products is increasingly strong. Therefore, further improving the comprehensive performance of cotton fabrics has become a current research hotspot.

[0003] Traditional cotton fabrics have a relatively soft surface and are prone to curling and pilling after friction. Using finishing agents to treat cotton fabrics can address these issues, such as poor mechanical properties and abrasion resistance, as well as pilling. Polyamide finishing agents, with their simple preparation methods and good hydrophilicity, are ideal for improving the performance of cotton fabrics.

[0004] Patent CN109137526B discloses a method for preparing and applying a formaldehyde-free anti-wrinkle finishing agent. Using ethylenediamine, methyl acrylate, polyethylene polyamine, and glyoxal as reactants, the agent is applied to cotton fabrics through a double-dip and double-pad finish, improving their wrinkle resistance and other properties. Polyaramid is a high-molecular-weight polymer with high mechanical strength and excellent wear resistance. Compared to this patent, the present invention utilizes a betaine-based polyaramid finishing agent to address the issues of poor wear resistance and pilling resistance in cotton fabrics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems to be solved: In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a cotton fabric with high hydrophilicity, good wear resistance and anti-pilling and a composite fabric thereof.

[0006] (II) Technical solution: a method for preparing a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric:

[0007] S1. Add 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid, p-phenylenediamine, pyridine, and triphenyl phosphite in a molar ratio of (1-1.05):1:(2.8-3.4):(2.5-3) to N-methylpyrrolidone, heat to the reaction temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere, cool after the reaction, add ethanol and water, filter, wash with ethanol, and dry to obtain polyaromatic amide.

[0008] S2. Add polyaromatic amide and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid (CAS registration number 1713-85-5) in a mass ratio of 100:(12-35) to N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to the reaction temperature, cool after the reaction, add ethanol, filter, wash with ethanol, and dry to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent.

[0009]

[0010] S3. Betaine polyaramid finishing agent and emulsifier were added to water in a mass ratio of 1000:(20-60):(0.3-1) and stirred, and then the cotton fabric composite was added for finishing, two dipping and two padding, pre-baking, and baking to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0011] Preferably, the reaction temperature in (1) is 90-110° C., and the reaction time is 6-10 h.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetylamino]isophthalic acid is as follows: in an ice bath, add dichloromethane in a molar ratio of 1:(1.1-1.4):(1.1-

[0013] 1.6) 5-aminoisophthalic acid (CAS registration number 99-31-0), (dimethylamino)acetyl chloride (CAS registration number 51552-16-0), and a catalyst are reacted, and distilled under reduced pressure. The product is added to water, and concentrated hydrochloric acid is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 4-5. The precipitate is filtered and recrystallized from dichloromethane to obtain 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetylamino]isophthalic acid. The reaction formula is:

[0014]

[0015] Preferably, the catalyst is triethylamine or N,N-diisopropylethylamine.

[0016] Preferably, the reaction temperature in (2) is 90-120° C., and the reaction time is 24-36 h.

[0017] Preferably, the emulsifier is OP-10.

[0018] Preferably, the rolling rate of the second dipping and second rolling in (3) is 80-90%, the temperature during pre-baking is 80-85°C, the time is 3-5 minutes, and the temperature during baking is 150-170°C, the time is 3-4 minutes.

[0019] Preferably, the cotton fabric composite fabric is cotton fabric, polyester-cotton fabric, nylon / cotton fabric, polypropylene / cotton fabric or spandex / cotton fabric.

[0020] (3) Beneficial technical effects:

[0021] The present invention involves subjecting 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid and p-phenylenediamine to an amidation condensation reaction, followed by a quaternization reaction of the tertiary amine groups of the side chains with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid to obtain a betaine polyaramid. The polyaramid is then used to finish a cotton fabric composite. The polyaramid has excellent mechanical strength and wear resistance, adheres tightly to the surface of the cotton fabric, and the finished cotton fabric exhibits significantly improved breaking strength, anti-pilling performance, and wear resistance. Furthermore, the side chains of the betaine polyaramid contain active hydroxyl groups, which interact with the hydroxyl groups on the cotton fabric surface through hydrogen bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding between the two. This allows the polyaramid finishing agent to adhere more firmly to the fabric surface and prevent it from falling off during washing. After multiple washings, the fabric retains excellent breaking strength and wear resistance.

[0022] The polyaramid finishing agent side chain contains a betaine hydrophilic group formed by a hydrophilic hydroxyl group, a quaternary ammonium salt cation and a carboxylic acid anion, so that the cotton fiber still maintains a high water absorption rate and hydrophilicity.

[0023] Through the above-mentioned improvements, the damage of the fabric caused by wear is reduced, the anti-pilling effect is enhanced, and the flatness and beauty of the fabric are ensured, thereby significantly extending the overall service life of the products made of this fabric. When this fabric is used to support clothing, it helps to ensure that the clothing can still maintain a good shape and texture after frequent use and washing, thereby enhancing the durability and practicality of the clothing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] S1. In an ice bath, 50 mmol of 5-aminoisophthalic acid, 70 mmol of (dimethylamino)acetyl chloride, and 80 mmol of N,N-diisopropylethylamine were added to 140 mL of dichloromethane. After the reaction, the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure. The product was added to water, and concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 5. The precipitate was filtered and recrystallized from dichloromethane to obtain 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetylamino]isophthalic acid.

[0027] S2. To 60 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone, 40 mmol of 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid, 40 mmol of p-phenylenediamine, 122 mmol of pyridine, and 116 mmol of triphenyl phosphite were added. The mixture was heated to 90°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, reacted for 10 h, cooled, and ethanol and water were added. The mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain polyaromatic amide.

[0028] S3. Add 20 g of polyaromatic amide and 2.4 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid to 250 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 90°C, react for 30 hours, cool, add ethanol, filter, wash with ethanol, and dry to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent.

[0029] S4. Add 20g of betaine polyaramid finishing agent and 0.3g of emulsifier OP-10 to 1L of water, stir, and then add cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing. The bath ratio is 1:25, and two dips and two pads are performed. The padding rate is 80%, pre-baked at 80°C for 4min, and baked at 160°C for 4min to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0030] Example 2:

[0031] S1. In an ice bath, 50 mmol of 5-aminoisophthalic acid, 55 mmol of (dimethylamino)acetyl chloride, and 55 mmol of triethylamine were added to 120 mL of dichloromethane. After the reaction, the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure. The product was added to water, and concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 4. The precipitate was filtered and recrystallized from dichloromethane to obtain 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetylamino]isophthalic acid.

[0032] S2. To 70 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone were added 42 mmol of 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid, 40 mmol of p-phenylenediamine, 136 mmol of pyridine, and 120 mmol of triphenyl phosphite. The mixture was heated to 90°C in a nitrogen atmosphere and reacted for 10 h. The mixture was cooled, and ethanol and water were added. The mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain polyaromatic amide.

[0033] S3. Add 20 g of polyaromatic amide and 4 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid to 250 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 110°C, react for 36 hours, cool, add ethanol, filter, wash with ethanol, and dry to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent.

[0034] S4. Add 30g of betaine polyaramid finishing agent and 0.5g of emulsifier OP-10 to 1L of water, stir, and then add cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing. The bath ratio is 1:25, and two dips and two pads are performed. The padding rate is 90%, pre-baked at 80°C for 5min, and baked at 170°C for 3min to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0035] Example 3:

[0036] S1. To 50 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone were added 40 mmol of 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid (prepared by the same method as in Example 1), 40 mmol of p-phenylenediamine, 112 mmol of pyridine, and 100 mmol of triphenyl phosphite. The mixture was heated to 100° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere and reacted for 10 h. The mixture was cooled, and ethanol and water were added. The mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain polyaromatic amide.

[0037] S2. Add 20 g of polyaromatic amide and 5.5 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid to 300 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 120°C, react for 24 h, cool, add ethanol, filter, wash with ethanol, and dry to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent.

[0038] S3. Add 45g of betaine polyaramid finishing agent and 0.7g of emulsifier OP-10 to 1L of water, stir, and then add cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing. The bath ratio is 1:25, and two dips and two pads are performed. The rolling rate is 90%, pre-baked at 85°C for 4min, and baked at 160°C for 4min to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0039] Example 4:

[0040] S1. To 60 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone were added 40 mmol of 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid (prepared in the same manner as in Example 1), 40 mmol of p-phenylenediamine, 112 mmol of pyridine, and 108 mmol of triphenyl phosphite. The mixture was heated to 110° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere and reacted for 6 h. The mixture was cooled, and ethanol and water were added. The mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain polyaromatic amide.

[0041] S2. Add 20 g of polyaromatic amide and 7 g of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid to 300 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat to 110°C, react for 36 hours, cool, add ethanol, filter, wash with ethanol, and dry to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent.

[0042] S3. Add 60g of betaine polyaramid finishing agent and 1g of emulsifier OP-10 to 1L of water, stir, and then add cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing. The bath ratio is 1:25, and two dips and two pads are performed. The rolling rate is 85%, pre-baked at 85°C for 3min, and baked at 150°C for 4min to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0043] Comparative Example 1 is an unfinished cotton fabric.

[0044] Comparative Example 2:

[0045] S1. To 1 L of water, 20 g of polyaramid (prepared by Example 1) and 0.3 g of emulsifier OP-10 were added, stirred, and then added to a cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing. The bath ratio was 1:25, and two dips and two pads were performed. The padding rate was 80%, and the mixture was pre-baked at 80 ° C for 4 min and baked at 160 ° C for 4 min to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0046] Comparative Example 3:

[0047] S1. To 250 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 20 g of polyaromatic amide (prepared in Example 1) and 2.4 g of chloroacetic acid were added, heated to 90° C., reacted for 30 h, cooled, ethanol was added, filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent.

[0048] S2. 20 g of betaine polyaramid finishing agent and 0.3 g of emulsifier OP-10 were added to 1 L of water, stirred, and then added to the cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing. The bath ratio was 1:25, and two dips and two pads were performed with a padding rate of 80%. The fabric was pre-baked at 80°C for 4 min and baked at 160°C for 4 min to obtain a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

[0049] The fabric's pilling resistance rating was tested according to GB / T 4802.2-2008. The test result is the average of all testers, rounded to the nearest 0.5. A higher rating indicates better pilling resistance. The fabric was washed and dried 30 times according to GB / T 8629-2017. The pilling resistance rating was then retested.

[0050] Table 1

[0051]

[0052] Test the breaking strength of fabrics according to GB / T 3923.1-2013. Test each sample five times and take the average value. Wash and dry the fabrics 30 times according to GB / T 8629-2017. Retest the breaking strength.

[0053] Table 2

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] The abrasion resistance of fabrics was tested according to GB / T 21196.2-2007. Each set of samples was tested 5 times and the average value was taken. The greater the abrasion resistance, the better the abrasion resistance.

[0057] The fabric sample was dried, weighed, and immersed in water for 1 hour. After being taken out, it was hung to air-dry for 20 minutes until no obvious water droplets fell. The sample was then weighed and the water absorption rate was calculated.

[0058] Water absorption rate = (mass after water absorption - mass before absorption) / mass before absorption × 100%.

[0059] Table 3

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] After testing, compared with Comparative Example 1, Examples 1-4 used betaine polyaramid to surface finish cotton fabrics. The breaking strength, anti-pilling performance, and wear resistance of the finished cotton fabrics were significantly improved. After multiple washings, the fabrics still had good breaking strength and wear resistance. This is mainly because the side chains of the betaine polyaramid contain active hydroxyl groups, which interact with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the cotton fabric through hydrogen bonding and other interactions, thereby improving the binding force between the two and making the polyaramid finishing agent more firmly attached to the fabric surface and not easy to fall off after washing. In addition, the side chains of the polyaramid finishing agent contain hydrophilic betaine groups formed by hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium salt cations, and carboxylic acid anions, which make the cotton fiber still have high water absorption and hydrophilicity.

[0063] The polyaramid in Comparative Example 2 contains no hydroxyl groups, resulting in weak bonding with cotton fabric. After multiple washes, the polyaramid sheds, significantly reducing the fabric's pilling resistance and breaking strength. Furthermore, it lacks hydrophilic betaine groups, resulting in low water absorption and reduced hydrophilicity in the cotton fabric.

[0064] In Comparative Example 3, chloroacetic acid is reacted with polyaramid to obtain betaine polyaramid, which does not contain hydroxyl groups and has low binding strength with cotton fabrics. After multiple washings, the polyaramid falls off during washing, resulting in a significant decrease in the anti-pilling grade and breaking strength of the fabric.

[0065] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid, p-phenylenediamine, pyridine and triphenyl phosphite were added to N-methylpyrrolidone and heated to the reaction temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere. After the reaction, the mixture was cooled, ethanol and water were added, the mixture was filtered, washed and dried to obtain polyaromatic amide. S2. To N,N- dimethylformamide was added polyaromatic amide, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid, heated to the reaction temperature, cooled after the reaction, added ethanol, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a betaine polyaromatic amide finishing agent; S3. Add betaine polyaramid finishing agent and emulsifier to water, stir and add cotton fabric composite fabric for finishing, perform two dips and two pads, pre-bake, and bake to obtain wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric.

2. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction temperature in S1 is 90-110° C., and the reaction time is 6-10 h.

3. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molar ratio of 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetamido]isophthalic acid, p-phenylenediamine, pyridine and triphenyl phosphite in S1 is (1-1.05):1:(2.8-3.4):(2.5-3).

4. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetylamino]isophthalic acid is as follows: Under an ice bath, 5-aminoisophthalic acid, (dimethylamino)acetyl chloride, and a catalyst in a molar ratio of 1:(1.1-1.4):(1.1-1.6) were added to dichloromethane. After the reaction, distillation was carried out under reduced pressure. The product was added to water, and concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 4-5. The precipitate was precipitated, and the product was filtered and recrystallized from dichloromethane to obtain 5-[2-(dimethylamino)acetylamino]isophthalic acid.

5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: The catalyst is triethylamine or N,N-diisopropylethylamine.

6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of polyaromatic amide to 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionic acid in S2 is 100:(12-35).

7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction temperature in S2 is 90-120° C., and the reaction time is 24-36 hours.

8. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of water, betaine polyaramid finishing agent and emulsifier in S3 is 1000:(20-60):(0.3-1); the emulsifier is OP-10.

9. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling rate of the double dipping and double rolling in S3 is 80-90%, the temperature during pre-baking is 80-85° C., the time is 3-5 minutes, and the temperature during baking is 150-170° C., the time is 3-4 minutes.

10. A wear-resistant and anti-pilling composite fabric obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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