Wave dissipation structure, design method and installation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to a wave dissipation structure, a design method and an installation method. Comprising a wave dissipation chamber module; the wave dissipation chamber module comprises a buoyancy adjusting module and a floating body module, the buoyancy adjusting module is used for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave dissipation chamber module, so that part of the wave dissipation chamber module is located below the water surface, and part of the wave dissipation chamber module is located above the water surface to form a floating, bottom-sitting or cut-off type wave dissipation structure; the back-to-wave side of the floating body module is provided with an inrush hole for introducing waves into the wave dissipation chamber module, and the floating body module and the buoyancy adjusting module are fixedly connected to form the hollow columnar wave dissipation chamber module. The wave dissipation structure has a good wave dissipation effect and can be applied to various complex sea areas, the whole wave dissipation structure is of an assembled structure, assembling is easy, assembling and disassembling are very convenient, the overall structure is stable and high in strength, and the wave dissipation effect on medium and long period waves is extremely good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering, and in particular to a wave-breaking structure, a design method and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] With the sustainable development and utilization of marine resources, the development of marine industries, and the in-depth promotion of the interconnection and interoperability of maritime transportation infrastructure, the demand for deep-sea projects will continue to increase in the future. Marine infrastructure will move to deep waters in the open sea. The construction environment is complex and harsh, and engineering construction and operation and maintenance face new challenges. Chinese companies are increasingly involved in international marine engineering construction. The Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Atlantic coast generally have harsh wave conditions with long wave periods and high extreme waves. Long-period waves in the deep sea have a great impact on the safety and service life of structures during the construction of marine engineering and the operation and maintenance of marine structures, but there is no good wave-breaking structure for long-period waves in the deep sea. The wave-breaking technology for strong surge waves and long-period waves in deep-sea environments has become a key common technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in port engineering construction.

[0003] The existing marine structure protection structures are mainly divided into bottom-seated wave-breaking structures, truncated wave-breaking structures and floating wave-breaking structures. The traditional bottom-seated protection structure blocks the propagation of waves by blocking the water body. The embankment body extends uniformly from the water surface to the seabed, including vertical breakwaters, composite breakwaters and riprap slope embankments. The truncated protection structure uses the principle that wave energy is mainly concentrated on the surface. It is composed of piers and wave-blocking structures submerged in the water to a certain depth. The upper wave-blocking structure can adopt a box type or a baffle type, and the lower support structure can adopt a column type, a pier type or a frame type. The bottom-seated protection structure can eliminate waves of the entire cycle. The truncated protection structure has good wave-breaking effect and is economical. However, if it is applied to a deep-sea environment, if a bottom-seated wave-breaking structure is used in a deep-sea environment, the structure size will be very large, the construction cost will be high, the construction will be difficult, and the structural form will not be applicable; the truncated wave-breaking structure can adapt to a deeper water environment, but has a poor wave-breaking effect on strong surges and medium and long period waves, and has poor structural stability in a deep-water environment.

[0004] The floating protective structure uses a floating body to interfere with the movement of water particles in the wave, prevent the wave from propagating or break the wave, and is composed of a wave-breaking float and a mooring system. For example, the prior art entitled A large bridge deep-water prefabricated foundation positioning and sinking control system introduces a floating breakwater structure, including a dynamic positioning system, a mooring system, a GPS positioning device, a C-type floating breakwater and a control platform. The dynamic positioning system is composed of multiple positioning ships. The mooring system is composed of multiple mooring cables, force sensors and force regulators. The two ends of the mooring cable are respectively fixed to the prefabricated foundation and the positioning ship, and the force sensors and force regulators are arranged on the mooring cable. The GPS positioning device is arranged at multiple control points on the top surface of the prefabricated foundation. The C-type floating breakwater is composed of multiple groups of floating wave-breaking units anchored on the seabed, and is arranged in the direction of the waves in the outer sea area of ​​the dynamic positioning system. The control platform consists of an information collection system and an analysis control system. The information collection system wirelessly collects and receives real-time responses to the movement of the prefabricated foundation and the axial force of the mooring cable. The analysis control system uses a force regulator to synchronously adjust the axial force of the mooring cable at multiple points to control the prefabricated foundation within the preset position range of positioning and sinking. The floating breakwater introduced by this technology has a good effect on short-period waves, but has a poor effect on medium and long-period waves, and has a poor effect on strong surges and long-period waves, and cannot effectively protect marine structures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a wave-breaking structure, design method and installation method.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is: a wave-breaking structure, including a wave-breaking chamber module; the wave-breaking chamber module includes:

[0007] A buoyancy adjustment module, which is used to adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that part of the wave-breaking chamber module is below the water surface and part of it is above the water surface to form a floating, bottom-sitting or truncated wave-breaking structure;

[0008] The floating body module is provided with an inflow hole on the back side of the floating body module for introducing waves into the wave-breaking chamber module. The floating body module is fixedly connected with the buoyancy adjustment module to form a hollow columnar wave-breaking chamber module.

[0009] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the inflow hole penetrates the wave-breaking chamber module from bottom to top, so that the wave-removing side of the wave-breaking chamber module is an open structure.

[0010] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the wave-breaking chamber module is a hollow columnar structure with an arc-shaped inner wall.

[0011] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the wave-breaking chamber module is a hollow columnar structure with openings at both ends.

[0012] According to a wave-breaking structure provided by the present application, the buoyancy adjustment module is located below all the floating body modules.

[0013] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the buoyancy regulating module includes a plurality of buoyancy regulating cabins, which are sequentially spliced ​​and connected along the circumferential direction to form a columnar structure with an opening on the back-wave side; the buoyancy regulating cabin is a hollow block structure with an arc-shaped inner end face, and an adjustment structure for adjusting buoyancy is arranged on the buoyancy regulating cabin.

[0014] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating cabin is provided with a first protrusion protruding along the circumferential direction and a first recessed along the axial direction, and adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins are fixedly connected as a whole by snapping the first protrusion into the first recess.

[0015] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a first bolt interface is provided on the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating cabin, and adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins are fixedly connected as a whole by bolts penetrating through the first bolt interface where adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins are docked.

[0016] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the axial end of the buoyancy regulating cabin is provided with a second protrusion protruding along the axial direction or a second recessed along the axial direction, and the buoyancy regulating cabin is fixed to an adjacent buoyancy regulating cabin or a floating body module through the second protrusion or the second recess.

[0017] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the regulating structure includes a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe arranged on a buoyancy regulating cabin; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to the internal space of the buoyancy regulating cabin, and are respectively disposed at the lower end of the buoyancy regulating cabin near its circumferential sides, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected to the external water injection and pumping structures for adjusting the gravity of the buoyancy regulating cabin.

[0018] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the adjustment structure also includes a pipeline; the lower end of the pipeline is connected to a water inlet pipe or a water outlet pipe, and the upper end extends vertically to the top of the wave-breaking chamber module, and the pipeline is fixedly connected to the floating body module and the buoyancy adjustment module through a pipe clamp structure.

[0019] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the pipe clamp is a clamp-type structure, one end of the pipe clamp is sleeved and fixed on the pipeline, and the other end is nailed into the floating module or the buoyancy adjustment module.

[0020] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, prestressed pipes that penetrate vertically are provided in the floating body module and the buoyancy regulating module; the floating body module and the buoyancy regulating module are fixedly connected as a whole in the axial direction by prestressed steel strands that penetrate the prestressed pipes.

[0021] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the floating module includes a plurality of floating units, which are spliced ​​and connected in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a columnar floating structure with an opening on the back-wave side, and the axially adjacent floating units in the multi-layer floating structure are spliced ​​and connected in sequence to form a hollow columnar floating module.

[0022] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the circumferential side of the floating unit is provided with a third protrusion protruding along the circumferential direction and a third recessed along the axial direction, and adjacent floating units are fixedly connected as a whole by clamping the third protrusion in the third recess.

[0023] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a plurality of groups of third protrusions and third recesses spaced apart in the radial direction are provided on the circumferential side of the floating unit, and each group includes a plurality of third protrusions and third recesses alternately arranged in the axial direction.

[0024] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a second bolt interface is provided on the circumferential side of the floating unit, and adjacent floating units are fixedly connected as a whole by bolts penetrating through the second bolt interface where adjacent floating units are docked.

[0025] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a fourth protrusion convex along the axial direction is provided at one axial end of the floating unit, and a fourth recessed along the axial direction is provided at the other axial end; adjacent floating units are fixedly connected as a whole by clamping the fourth protrusion to the fourth recess.

[0026] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a plurality of support frames are arranged in the inflow hole of the wave-breaking chamber module; the support frames are truss structures with both ends respectively fixed on the floating modules and / or buoyancy adjustment modules on both sides, and the plurality of support frames are distributed at intervals along the vertical direction.

[0027] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the anchoring structure is used to position the wave-breaking chamber module floating on the water surface at a designed installation position to form a truncated wave-breaking structure or a floating wave-breaking structure.

[0028] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the anchoring module includes multiple groups of anchor cables and anchor blocks, and the multiple groups of anchor cables are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the wave-breaking chamber module. Each group includes at least two anchor cables, and the upper ends of the anchor cables in the same group are fixed to the outside of the wave-breaking chamber module along the vertical interval, and the lower ends are connected to the anchor blocks.

[0029] According to a wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the anchoring structure includes a plurality of pile foundations inserted into the waters where the designed installation position is located, and the plurality of pile foundations are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and are respectively fixedly connected to the wave-breaking chamber modules.

[0030] The present application also relates to a wave-breaking structure design method, which is used to design any of the above-mentioned wave-breaking structures, and includes:

[0031] Obtain characteristic data of waves in the construction area;

[0032] Based on the Helmholtz resonance theory, the functional relationship between the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module and the characteristic data of the wave is established;

[0033] According to the wave wavelength that needs to be reduced, the structural dimensions of the wave-breaking chamber module are determined based on the functional relationship.

[0034] According to a wave-breaking structure design method provided in the present application, the method for obtaining characteristic data of waves in the construction sea area includes: obtaining multi-year wave data of the construction area, and analyzing to form a typical wave spectrum of the area; determining the wavelength range of medium and long-period waves that have the greatest impact on engineering construction and structural operation and maintenance based on the wave spectrum of the construction sea area; and obtaining the characteristic wavelength of the wave by combining the wave wavelength range and the typical wave spectrum.

[0035] According to a wave-breaking structure design method provided in the present application, the method for constructing a functional relationship between the structural parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module and the characteristic data of the wave based on the Helmholtz resonance theory includes: constructing the functional relationship according to the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] Where: f0——Helmholtz resonance frequency;

[0038] λ——characteristic wavelength of incident wave;

[0039] P——opening ratio, that is, the percentage of the inflow hole area on the wave-breaking chamber module to the side area of ​​the entire wave-breaking chamber module;

[0040] L k ——Geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module.

[0041] According to a wave-breaking structure design method provided by the present application, the method for determining the structural dimensions of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the functional relationship includes: substituting the characteristic wavelength of the incident wave to be reduced into the functional relationship, the corresponding relationship between the opening rate and the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module can be obtained, and the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module are converted according to the following formula:

[0042] L k =a+0.3D=a+0.6HR / (H+R)

[0043] Where: L k ——Geometric parameters of wave-breaking chamber module

[0044] a——thickness of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0045] D——hydraulic diameter of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0046] H——water depth in the construction area;

[0047] R——radius of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0048] The relative relationship between the opening rate and the thickness of the wave-breaking chamber module, the water depth of the construction area and the radius of the wave-breaking chamber module is constructed, and the outer diameter, inner diameter, thickness and inflow hole structure size of the wave-breaking chamber module are designed based on the relative relationship.

[0049] According to a wave-breaking structure design method provided in the present application, the draft of the wave-breaking chamber module is greater than half the water depth of the construction sea area.

[0050] The present application also relates to a method for installing a wave-breaking structure, which is used to install any of the above-mentioned wave-breaking structures, and comprises:

[0051] Prefabricate the required floating modules and buoyancy adjustment modules in the factory and transport them to the construction site;

[0052] Assembling the buoyancy adjustment module at the construction site to form the base of the wave-breaking chamber module, assembling the floating body module and fixing the assembled floating body module on the buoyancy adjustment module to form the required wave-breaking chamber module;

[0053] Tow the assembled wave-breaking chamber module to the designed operating waters;

[0054] Based on the buoyancy adjustment module, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode;

[0055] During turnover, adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module and tow the wave-breaking chamber module to the next operating waters, and install the wave-breaking chamber module according to the above method.

[0056] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method of prefabricating the required floating body modules and buoyancy regulating modules in a factory includes: prefabricating a plurality of floating body units for assembling floating body modules and a plurality of buoyancy regulating cabins for assembling buoyancy regulating modules in a factory.

[0057] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method of assembling a buoyancy regulating module at a construction site includes: inserting a first protrusion on a circumferential side of a buoyancy regulating cabin into a first recess on an axial side of an adjacent buoyancy regulating cabin to connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins as a whole, driving bolts into corresponding first bolt interfaces of adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins to securely connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins as a whole, and performing the steps in sequence until the desired buoyancy regulating module is formed.

[0058] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method of assembling a floating module includes: inserting a third protrusion on the circumferential side of a floating unit into a third recess on the circumferential side of a circumferentially adjacent floating unit, driving bolts into second bolt interfaces aligned with circumferentially adjacent floating units, and fixing adjacent floating units together, and performing the above steps in sequence until a layer of annular floating structure is formed, assembling a second layer of annular floating structure based on the annular floating structure, and during the assembly process, connecting the two layers of floating structures together using fourth protrusions and fourth recessed structures at the axial ends of axially adjacent floating units, and performing the above steps in sequence until the desired floating module is formed.

[0059] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method of fixing the assembled floating module on the buoyancy regulating module includes: utilizing the second protrusion or the second recess at the axial top of the buoyancy regulating cabin and the fourth recess or the fourth protrusion at the axial bottom of the lowest buoyancy unit to securely connect the buoyancy regulating cabin with the buoyancy unit, aligning the prestressed pipes in the buoyancy regulating module and the floating module in the axial direction, inserting steel strands into the aligned prestressed pipes and performing prestressing tensioning, so that the buoyancy regulating module and the floating module are securely connected as a whole in the axial direction.

[0060] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, a pipe is arranged on the circumferential outer side of a buoyancy regulating module and a floating body module, and the pipe is fixed to the outer side of the buoyancy regulating module and the floating body module by using a pipe clamp structure nailed into the outer wall of the buoyancy regulating module and the floating body module, and the lower end of the pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe or the water outlet pipe of the buoyancy regulating cabin.

[0061] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method of towing the assembled wave-breaking chamber module to the designed operating waters includes: adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module, so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward, connecting multiple wave-breaking chamber modules together in a series connection manner with the end to the end, and then towing the entire module to the designed operating waters.

[0062] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method for adjusting the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module includes: after the wave-breaking chamber module is towed to the designed operating waters, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted using the buoyancy adjustment module of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats vertically on the water surface, and the inflow hole of the wave-breaking chamber module is located on the back-wave side of the wave-breaking chamber module.

[0063] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy regulation module so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode includes: when the designed installation area is a shallow water area, adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy regulation module so that the lower end of the wave-breaking chamber module sinks to the bottom to form a bottom-sitting wave-breaking structure.

[0064] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode includes: when the designed installation area is a deep water area, using the buoyancy adjustment module to adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module, so that the wave-breaking chamber module sinks until it is completely submerged in water, connecting the anchor cable installed on the anchor block on the bottom of the water to the annular anchor point on the side of the wave-breaking chamber module, adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module, so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats to the designed draft depth, adjusting the length and tension of the anchor cable so that the anchor cable is in a tensioned state, and continuing to adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module meets the design requirements.

[0065] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, during turnover, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted to make the wave-breaking chamber module sink until it is completely submerged in the water, the connection between the anchor cable and the wave-breaking chamber module is released, and then the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted to float to the water surface.

[0066] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy regulating module so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode includes: when the designed installation area is a deep water area, adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy regulating module so that the wave-breaking chamber module is at a preset height position, inserting a number of pile foundations into the designed installation area, connecting the wave-breaking chamber module to the pile foundations, and adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy regulating module so that the wave-breaking chamber module is at a designed draft depth.

[0067] According to a wave-breaking structure installation method provided in the present application, the method of adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module and towing the wave-breaking chamber module to the next operating water area includes: adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward, connecting multiple wave-breaking chamber modules together in a series connection manner with the end to the end, and then towing the entire module to the next operating water area.

[0068] The advantages of the present application are as follows: 1. The wave-breaking structure of the present application is a columnar wave-breaking chamber structure. Waves can enter the wave-breaking chamber through the inflow hole and be reflected on the inner side of the wave-breaking chamber structure. Waves of a specific wavelength can generate Helmholtz resonance in the wave-breaking chamber structure. By designing the size of the wave-breaking structure, the wave-breaking effect of the wave-breaking structure on strong surges and medium and long period waves reaches 50%. The structure adopts a modular design, can be quickly disassembled and assembled, can adapt to different working water depths, and can be quickly turned around between different construction sections;

[0069] 2. The wave-breaking structure of the present application is a modular assembly structure. The modular splicing structure is easy to assemble. Splicing structures, prestressed pipes and anchor bolts are arranged between modules. The splicing structure can be quickly positioned, and a stable structure is formed by anchor bolts and prestressed steel strands. Through modular design, the structure can be quickly spliced ​​and dismantled, which improves construction efficiency. At the same time, the structure height can be changed according to the operating water depth through different splicing layers, which improves the adaptability of the structure.

[0070] 3. Each structural module of the modular wave-breaking structure of the present application is prefabricated in the factory, and is spliced ​​in layers at the construction site, and finally assembled into the water and positioned in the operating waters. When the structure is turned over, the buoyancy of the structure is adjusted and floated to the next operating waters for installation and positioning, so as to realize the rapid splicing and installation of the structure and the rapid turnover between different operating waters;

[0071] 4. This application also proposes a wave-breaking structure design method. Based on the wave data of the construction sea area, a mathematical relationship between the structure size and the wavelength of the wave to be reduced is established. According to the construction and operation and maintenance requirements, the wavelength range of the waves to be reduced is determined, and the specific size of the wave-breaking structure is designed so that after the waves of a specific wavelength are shot into the structure cavity, resonance occurs in the structure cavity to form standing waves, thereby reducing the wave energy and achieving a wave-breaking effect of 50% on medium and long period waves.

[0072] The wave-breaking structure of the present application has good wave-breaking effect and can be applied to various complex sea areas. The entire wave-breaking structure is an assembled structure with simple assembly, and is very convenient to assemble and disassemble. The overall structure is stable and has high strength. It also has the function of buoyancy adjustment, and has an excellent wave-breaking effect on medium and long period waves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the wave dissipation structure of the present application;

[0074] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the module structure of the wave-breaking chamber of the present application;

[0075] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of assembling the floating body module and the buoyancy adjustment module of the present application;

[0076] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the buoyancy regulating cabin structure of the present application (inside);

[0077] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the buoyancy regulating cabin structure of the present application (outside);

[0078] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the floating regulating module and the pipeline of the present application;

[0079] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the floating unit structure of the present application (inside);

[0080] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the floating unit structure of the present application (outside);

[0081] Fig. 9 : Schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the single-layer floating unit (floating structure) of the present application;

[0082] Fig.10 : The installation flow chart of the wave-breaking structure of this application;

[0083] Wherein: 1—buoyancy adjustment module; 11—buoyancy adjustment cabin; 111—first protrusion; 112—first recess; 113—first bolt interface; 114—second protrusion; 115—second recess; 116—water inlet pipe; 117—water outlet pipe; 118—first prestressed pipe; 12—pipeline;

[0084] 2—floating body module; 21—floating body unit; 211—third protrusion; 212—third recess; 213—second bolt interface; 214—fourth protrusion; 215—fourth recess; 216—second prestressed tube;

[0085] 3—support frame; 4—anchor block; 5—anchor cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0087] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0088] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0089] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0090] The present application relates to a wave-breaking structure, a design method and an installation method. The wave-breaking structure of the present application is a hollow columnar structure that is not divided into a part above the water surface and a part below the water surface when in use. A Helmholtz resonance cavity is formed inside the wave-breaking structure, and an inflow hole is provided on the back wave side. After the sea waves pass through the wave-breaking structure, they will flow into the wave-breaking structure from the inflow hole on the back wave side, and Helmholtz resonance will occur inside the wave-breaking structure. Waves of a specific frequency will resonate in the cavity to reduce the wave energy. The wave-breaking structure of the present application has a wave-breaking effect of 50% on medium and long period waves. Moreover, when the wave-breaking structures of the present application are arranged in an array mode, the waves passing through the wave-breaking structures of the first row will be reflected by the wave-breaking structures of the second row, and the reflected waves will enter the wave-breaking structures of the first row from the inflow hole of the wave-breaking structures of the first row, and the Helmholtz resonance will continue to occur, further improving the wave-breaking effect. The wave-breaking structure of the present application is a modular structure, which can be assembled according to actual needs. The overall assembly, installation and disassembly are very convenient. The disassembled wave-breaking structure can be reused, which reduces the cost of use.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment optimizes the wave-breaking structure, specifically, Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a wave-breaking structure of the present embodiment includes a wave-breaking chamber module, which is the wave-breaking main body of the wave-breaking structure. Waves undergo Helmholtz resonance inside the wave-breaking chamber module to achieve the desired wave-breaking effect. The wave-breaking chamber module includes a buoyancy adjustment module 1 and a floating body module 2. The buoyancy adjustment module 1 is used to adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module is partially below the water surface and partially above the water surface to form a floating, bottom-sitting or truncated wave-breaking structure; the floating body module 2 is provided with an inflow hole on the back side of the wave to introduce waves into the interior of the wave-breaking chamber module, and the floating body module 2 is fixedly connected to the buoyancy adjustment module 1 to form a hollow cylindrical wave-breaking chamber module.

[0092] That is to say, the wave-breaking chamber module of this embodiment is a hollow columnar structure with adjustable buoyancy. The buoyancy of the entire wave-breaking chamber module can be adjusted by the buoyancy adjustment module 1, and the draft of the wave-breaking chamber module in the water can be changed. It can be adjusted to different wave-breaking forms according to needs in different water depth modes. For example, in shallow waters, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module can be reduced or the gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module can be increased by the buoyancy adjustment module 1, so that the wave-breaking chamber module sinks to the bottom, and the lower end of the wave-breaking chamber module is fixed on the seabed or riverbed, and the upper end is exposed to the water surface to form a bottom-sit wave-breaking structure; when constructing a wave-breaking structure in a deep water area, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module can be adjusted by the buoyancy adjustment module 1, so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface, that is, part of it is below the water surface and part of it is above the water surface. Then, the wave-breaking chamber module is fixed at the designed installation position and the designed draft by anchoring, and a floating wave-breaking structure or a truncated wave-breaking structure can be formed according to actual needs.

[0093] Furthermore, the present embodiment optimizes the structure of the wave-breaking chamber module. The wave-breaking chamber module of the present embodiment is a hollow columnar structure with openings at both ends. When the wave-breaking chamber module is in working state, the side with the inflow hole is the wave-proof side. The wave-breaking chamber module floats vertically on the water surface, the lower half of the wave-breaking chamber module is submerged below the water surface, and the upper half extends out of the sea surface. The upper and lower ends of the wave-breaking chamber module are open to facilitate the inflow and outflow of seawater, further improving the wave-breaking effect of the wave-breaking chamber module.

[0094] The waves flow into the wave-breaking chamber module from the inflow hole by diffraction. In order to improve the efficiency of the waves entering the wave-breaking chamber module, the inflow hole of this embodiment penetrates the wave-breaking chamber module from bottom to top, so that the wave-removing side of the wave-breaking chamber module is an open structure. In addition, in order to facilitate the resonance effect of the waves inside the wave-breaking chamber module, the wave-breaking chamber module of this embodiment is a hollow columnar structure with an arc-shaped inner wall. In this way, the waves entering the wave-breaking chamber module can be reflected by the inner wall and collide inside the wave-breaking chamber module to produce Helmholtz resonance, thereby improving the resonance effect and further improving the wave-breaking effect.

[0095] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the buoyancy adjustment module 1, specifically, Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the buoyancy regulating module 1 of this embodiment is located below all the floating body modules 2. When the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted, the buoyancy regulating module 1 at the lowest end is used to quickly change the center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module, so that the posture of the wave-breaking chamber module can be adjusted conveniently. Therefore, the buoyancy regulating module 1 of this embodiment can not only adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module, but also adjust the posture of the wave-breaking chamber module by changing the center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module.

[0096] The buoyancy regulating module 1 of this embodiment includes a plurality of buoyancy regulating chambers 11, such as Figures 2 to 6 As shown, a plurality of buoyancy regulating cabins 11 are sequentially spliced ​​and connected along the circumferential direction to form a columnar structure with an opening on the back-wave side. The buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is a hollow block structure with an arc-shaped inner end face. The buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is provided with an adjustment structure for adjusting buoyancy. The buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is a hollow single body structure. A plurality of buoyancy regulating cabins 11 can be used to form a required buoyancy regulating module 1. Different numbers of buoyancy regulating cabins 11 form buoyancy regulating modules 1 of different specifications. In actual use, different numbers of buoyancy regulating cabins 11 can be spliced ​​together according to the specifications of the required buoyancy regulating module 1. In actual use, the buoyancy regulating module 1 can be a single-layer structure formed by splicing a plurality of buoyancy regulating cabins 11 along the circumferential direction, or a multi-layer structure formed by splicing a plurality of buoyancy regulating cabins 11.

[0097] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating chamber 11 is provided with a first protrusion 111 protruding in the circumferential direction and a first recess 112 recessed in the axial direction, and adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 are fixedly connected as a whole by snapping the first protrusion 111 into the first recess 112. When adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 are spliced, the first recess 112 of the buoyancy regulating chamber 11 is inserted into the first recess 112 of the adjacent buoyancy regulating chamber 11, so that the positioning connection of the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 in the circumferential direction can be completed.

[0098] The connection of adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 in the circumferential direction is achieved by a bolt structure, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating chamber 11 is provided with a first bolt interface 113, and adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 are fixedly connected as a whole by bolts penetrating through the first bolt interface 113 of the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11. After the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 are positioned and docked in the circumferential direction, bolts are driven into the aligned first bolt interfaces 113, and the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers 11 can be fixedly connected as a whole in the circumferential direction.

[0099] The circumferential connection structure described above is used to connect adjacent buoyancy control chambers 11 in the circumferential direction. The buoyancy control chambers 11 of this embodiment are provided with axial connection structures, which are used to connect buoyancy control chambers 11 adjacent to each other in the axial direction, or to connect the buoyancy control chambers 11 to the buoyancy modules 2. Figure 4 As shown, the axial end of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is provided with a second protrusion 114 ( Figure 4 The buoyancy regulating chamber 11 shown has a second protrusion 114 at the axial top or a second recess 115 (not shown) recessed along the axial direction. The buoyancy regulating chamber 11 is fixed to an adjacent buoyancy regulating chamber 11 or a floating body module 2 via the second protrusion 114 or the second recess 115 .

[0100] This embodiment adopts a structure in which a second protrusion 114 is provided on the top of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 to achieve axial connection. Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 6, a single-layer buoyancy regulating cabin 11 structure is provided, and therefore, it is only necessary to set a second protrusion 114 structure at the axial top of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, because it only involves the axial docking between the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 and the bottom floating module 2, and the bottom of the floating module 2 is provided with an inner concave structure corresponding to the second protrusion 114, and the specific structure is described later.

[0101] When the buoyancy regulating module 1 is actually assembled, the first protrusion 111 on the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is inserted into the first recess 112 on the axial side of the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabin 11 to connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins 11 as a whole, and bolts are driven into the corresponding first bolt interfaces 113 of the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins 11 to securely connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins 11 as a whole, and this process is repeated in sequence until the desired buoyancy regulating module 1 is formed.

[0102] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, specifically, Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the regulating structure includes an inlet pipe 116 and an outlet pipe 117 arranged on the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, the inlet pipe 116 and the outlet pipe 117 are connected to the internal space of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, and are respectively disposed at the lower end of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 near its circumferential sides, and the inlet pipe 116 and the outlet pipe 117 are respectively connected to the external water injection and pumping structures for adjusting the gravity of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11.

[0103] The buoyancy regulating cabin 11 of this embodiment adjusts the buoyancy by changing the gravity, that is, the amount of water inside the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is changed through the water inlet pipe 116 and the water outlet pipe 117, and the gravity of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is changed to adjust the buoyancy of the entire wave-breaking chamber module. Since the buoyancy regulating module 1 of this embodiment is an open annular structure spliced ​​by multiple buoyancy regulating cabins 11, the center of gravity of the entire buoyancy regulating module 1 can be adjusted by changing the gravity of the buoyancy regulating cabins 11 at different positions, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module, thereby automatically adjusting the posture of the wave-breaking chamber module.

[0104] In actual application, it is not limited to this gravity adjustment structure through water inlet and outlet, and an air bag can also be set in the buoyancy adjustment cabin 11 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the buoyancy by changing the volume of the air bag, or the gravity adjustment structure is combined with the air bag adjustment structure, as long as the purpose of buoyancy adjustment of the buoyancy adjustment cabin 11 of this embodiment can be met.

[0105] Furthermore, the adjustment structure of this embodiment also includes a pipe 12, the lower end of the pipe 12 is connected to the water inlet pipe 116 or the water outlet pipe 117, and the upper end extends vertically to the top of the wave-breaking chamber module. The pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the floating module 2 and the buoyancy adjustment module 1 through a pipe clamp structure.

[0106] The purpose of setting the pipeline 12 is to change the adjustment position of the water inlet pipe 116 and the water outlet pipe 117 at the bottom to the top. When the wave-breaking chamber module is in use, the water inlet pipe 116 and the water outlet pipe 117 are underwater, which is difficult to operate. By setting the pipeline 12, the operating ports of the water inlet pipe 116 and the water outlet pipe 117 are arranged at the top of the wave-breaking chamber module, above the water surface, for easy operation.

[0107] In addition, the pipe 12 of this embodiment is fixedly connected to the float module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1, and the flue 12 can enhance the strength of the fixed connection between the float module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 in the axial direction, thereby improving the connection stability of the entire wave-breaking chamber module. The pipe clamp of this embodiment is a clamp-type structure, one end of which is sleeved and fixed on the pipe 12, and the other end is nailed into the float module 2 or the buoyancy regulating module 1.

[0108] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the floating module 2. Specifically, Figures 2-3 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 , the floating module 2 includes a plurality of floating units 21 , which are sequentially spliced ​​and connected along the circumferential direction to form a columnar floating structure with an opening on the back-wave side. Axially adjacent floating units 21 in the multi-layer floating structure are sequentially spliced ​​and connected to form a hollow columnar floating module 2 .

[0109] The floating module 2 is also a spliced ​​connection structure, such as Figures 2-3 As shown in 9, it is composed of multiple floating units 21, which are prefabricated in the factory, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost and use cost of the entire wave-breaking chamber module. The floating unit 21 can be reused, and the number of floating units 21 can be changed to form floating modules 2 of different specifications, which can be used in different wave-breaking chamber modules.

[0110] The floating units 21 are spliced ​​and connected in the circumferential direction to form a single-layer floating structure, and then the multi-layer floating structures are connected in the axial direction to form the required floating module 2, that is, a single floating unit 21 can be connected to adjacent floating units 21 in the circumferential direction and the axial direction. Figure 7 and 8As shown, the circumferential side of the floating unit 21 is provided with a circumferential connection structure, which includes a third protrusion 211 protruding along the circumference and a third recess 212 recessed along the axial direction. Adjacent floating units 21 are fixedly connected as a whole by snapping the third protrusion 211 into the third recess 212. The circumferential connection of adjacent floating units 21 can be directly performed by inserting the third protrusion 211 into the corresponding third recess 212.

[0111] like Figure 7 and 8 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple groups of circumferential connection structures arranged at intervals along the radial direction are provided on the circumferential side of the floating unit 21, and each group of circumferential connection structures includes multiple third protrusions 211 and third recesses 212 arranged alternately along the axial direction. Multiple groups of circumferential connection structures can form a bite structure when adjacent floating units 21 are connected circumferentially, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the circumferential connection structures of adjacent floating units 21, and making the connection between the two more stable and tight. In fact, in the multiple groups of circumferential connection structures on the same side of the floating unit 21 in the circumference, the third protrusions 211 and the third recesses 212 of the two adjacent groups of circumferential connection structures in the radial direction are staggered, which is also to enhance the stability and tightness of the bite connection structure.

[0112] The specific circumferential fixation of adjacent floating units 21 is achieved by a bolt structure, such as Figures 7 to 9 As shown, a second bolt interface 213 is provided on the circumferential side of the floating unit 21 , and adjacent floating units 21 are fixedly connected as a whole by bolts penetrating through the second bolt interface 213 where adjacent floating units 21 are butted.

[0113] For the axial connection of the floating unit 21, as Figures 7 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, an axial connection structure is provided at one axial end of the floating unit 21, and the axial connection structure includes a fourth protrusion 214 protruding in the axial direction, and a fourth inner recess 215 recessed in the axial direction is provided at the other axial end, and adjacent floating units 21 are fixedly connected as a whole by the fourth protrusion 214 being clamped in the fourth inner recess 215. A plurality of groups of axial connection structures arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction are provided at both axial ends of each floating unit 21, and each group of axial connection structures includes a plurality of fourth inner recesses 215 or a plurality of fourth protrusions 214.

[0114] When the floating module 2 needs to be assembled, the third protrusion 211 on the circumferential side of the floating unit 21 is inserted into the third recess 212 on the circumferential side of the circumferentially adjacent floating unit 21, and bolts are driven into the second bolt interfaces 213 aligned with the circumferentially adjacent floating units 21 to fix the adjacent floating units 21 together. This process is repeated until a layer of annular floating structure is formed, and a second layer of annular floating structure is assembled based on the annular floating structure. During the assembly process, the two layers of floating structures are connected together by using the fourth protrusion 214 and the fourth recess 215 structure at the axial ends of the axially adjacent floating units 21. This process is repeated until the required floating module 2 is formed.

[0115] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the wave-breaking chamber module. Specifically, Figures 1-2 As shown, a plurality of support frames 3 are arranged in the inflow hole of the wave-breaking chamber module of this embodiment. The support frames 3 are truss structures whose two ends are respectively fixed to the floating modules 2 and / or the buoyancy regulating modules 1 on both sides. The plurality of support frames 3 are distributed at intervals along the vertical direction.

[0116] Since the wave-breaking chamber module is a hollow columnar structure with an opening on the back-wave side, the opening side is the weak position of the entire wave-breaking chamber module. In order to ensure that the wave-breaking chamber module is always in a stable state during use and is not deformed by waves, a support frame 3 is provided on the opening side of the wave-breaking chamber module in this embodiment. First, the support frame 3 plays a stabilizing role. After the support frame 3 is installed, the wave-breaking chamber module forms a complete overall structure in the circumferential direction, and the structural strength is greatly improved; secondly, the support frame 3 is a truss structure, which will not block the opening, and the waves can pass through the support frame 3 well into the interior of the wave-breaking chamber module.

[0117] The support frame 3 of this embodiment is fixed on the two floating units 21 on both sides of the opening in the floating structure (in actual application, the support frame 3 can also be installed between the two buoyancy adjustment chambers 11 on the opening side of the buoyancy adjustment module 1). Not all floating structures need to install the support frame 3. The support frame 3 of this embodiment is arranged along the vertical intervals and is installed at intervals of one layer of buoyancy structure.

[0118] The support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the floating units 21 on both sides through the second bolt interfaces 213 on the circumferential side of the floating unit 21. After the support frame 3 is installed, the floating structure forms a complete annular structure, and its structural stability is greatly enhanced.

[0119] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the connection structure between the floating body module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 in the axial direction, such as Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the floating body module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 are provided with prestressed pipes which penetrate vertically, and the floating body module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 are fixedly connected as a whole in the axial direction by prestressed steel strands which penetrate the prestressed pipes.

[0120] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is provided with a plurality of first prestressed tubes 118 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction; Figure 7 and 8 As shown, a plurality of second prestressed tubes 216 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction are provided on the floating unit 21, the first prestressed tube 118 corresponds to the second prestressed tube 216 in the axial direction, and the first prestressed tube 118 and the second prestressed tube 216 inside the spliced ​​floating module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 are aligned and connected in the axial direction.

[0121] After completing the assembly and connection of the floating module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1, the prestressed steel strands are inserted into the aligned first prestressed tube 118 and the second prestressed tube 216, and the prestressed steel strands are tensioned until the floating module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 are tightly connected as a whole in the axial direction. The prestressed steel strands are fixed at both axial ends of the prestressed pipe by bolt structures to complete the installation and arrangement of the prestressed steel strands.

[0122] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the fixing structure of the wave-breaking structure. For the floating wave-breaking structure and the truncated wave-breaking structure, it is necessary to construct an anchoring module to fix the wave-breaking chamber module in the designed installation water area. The anchoring modules of this embodiment are divided into two types according to different working modes.

[0123] One is an anchoring module of a floating wave-breaking structure, which includes multiple groups of anchor cables 5 and anchor blocks 4. The multiple groups of anchor cables 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the wave-breaking chamber module, and each group includes at least two anchor cables 5. The upper ends of the anchor cables 5 in the same group are fixed to the outside of the wave-breaking chamber module along the vertical interval, and the lower ends are connected to the anchor blocks 4.

[0124] An annular anchor point is provided on the outer side of the circumference of the wave-breaking chamber module, which is convenient for connection and fixation with the anchor cable 5. The anchor cable 5 of this embodiment adopts a double-layer cable structure, which is respectively fixed to the position near the upper end and the position near the lower end of the wave-breaking chamber module, so as to increase the stability of the wave-breaking chamber module and prevent it from shaking. Each wave-breaking chamber module of this embodiment corresponds to four groups of anchor modules, which are arranged around the wave-breaking chamber module, and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference with the wave-breaking chamber module as the center, and the wave-breaking chamber module is anchored from four directions respectively, so as to stably limit the wave-breaking chamber module to the designed operating waters, so that the wave-breaking chamber module can be stably maintained in the wave-breaking working state.

[0125] The other is an anchoring module of a truncated wave-breaking structure, which includes a plurality of pile foundations inserted into the waters of the designed installation position, and the plurality of pile foundations are arranged at intervals along the circumference and fixedly connected to the wave-breaking chamber modules respectively. A plurality of guide ring structures can be arranged on the outer side or the inner side of the circumference of the wave-breaking chamber module, and the guide ring structure is connected to the pile foundation to fix the wave-breaking chamber module at the designed draft depth. The pile foundation structure limits the movement of the wave-breaking chamber module, so that the wave-breaking chamber module is stably fixed at the designed installation waters and the designed draft depth. The plurality of wave-breaking chamber modules are arranged and combined with each other to form the required truncated wave-breaking structure.

[0126] In other embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment describes a design method of a wave-breaking structure. The wave-breaking chamber module of the present embodiment is a hollow columnar structure, and wave-breaking operation is performed based on the Helmholtz resonance principle. In actual application, different waters have different wave characteristics, and different wave characteristics correspond to wave-breaking chamber modules of different structures. Therefore, in the early stage of design, the wave-breaking chamber module needs to be designed according to the wave characteristics of the design operation waters. The specific design method is as follows:

[0127] A1. Obtain characteristic data of waves in the construction area;

[0128] Specifically, it is to obtain wave data of the construction area for many years, analyze and form the typical wave spectrum of the area, determine the wavelength range of medium and long period waves that have the greatest impact on engineering construction and structural operation and maintenance based on the wave spectrum of the construction sea area, and obtain the characteristic wavelength of the wave by combining the wave wavelength range and the typical wave spectrum;

[0129] A2. Construct the functional relationship between the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module and the characteristic data of the wave based on the Helmholtz resonance theory;

[0130] Construct the functional relationship according to the following formula:

[0131]

[0132] Where: f0——Helmholtz resonance frequency;

[0133] λ——characteristic wavelength of incident wave;

[0134] P——opening ratio, that is, the percentage of the inflow hole area on the wave-breaking chamber module to the side area of ​​the entire wave-breaking chamber module;

[0135] L k ——Geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0136] Among them, the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module are converted according to the following formula:

[0137] L k =a+0.3D=a+0.6HR / (H+R)

[0138] Where: L k ——Geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0139] a——thickness of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0140] D——hydraulic diameter of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0141] H——water depth in the construction area;

[0142] R——radius of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0143] A3. According to the wave wavelength that needs to be reduced, the structural dimensions of the wave-breaking chamber module are determined based on the functional relationship;

[0144] By substituting the characteristic wavelength of the incident wave to be reduced into the function relationship, the correspondence between the opening rate and the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module can be obtained. According to the correspondence between the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module, the correspondence between the opening rate and the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module can be obtained. In fact, it is to construct the relative relationship between the opening rate and the thickness of the wave-breaking chamber module, the water depth of the construction area and the radius of the wave-breaking chamber module. Through this relative relationship, a large number of solutions that satisfy the relative relationship can be obtained. By analyzing these solutions, the outer diameter, inner diameter, thickness and inflow hole structure dimensions of the wave-breaking chamber module can be obtained. According to these structural dimensions, the wave-breaking chamber module structure that meets the wave-breaking requirements of the designed operating waters can be designed. The wave-breaking chamber module applied to the designed operating waters can meet the required wave-breaking requirements and provide a good shielding effect for the construction area.

[0145] In a further embodiment of the present application, the present embodiment optimizes the installation method of the above-mentioned wave-breaking structure. When the wave-breaking structure of the present embodiment is actually installed, the following method can be used: Fig.10As shown, the required floating module 2 and buoyancy regulating module 1 are prefabricated in the factory and transported to the construction site; at the construction site, the first protrusion 111 on the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is inserted into the first recess 112 on the axial side of the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabin 11 to connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins 11 as a whole, and bolts are driven into the first bolt interfaces 113 corresponding to the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins 11 to fix the adjacent buoyancy regulating cabins 11 as a whole, and this is carried out in sequence until the required buoyancy regulating module 1 is formed; based on the assembled buoyancy regulating module 1, the fourth recess 215 at the bottom of the floating unit 21 is clamped to the The second protrusion 114 of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 is placed on the second protrusion 114 of the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, so that the floating unit 21 is axially docked to the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, and the third protrusion 211 of the circumferential side of the floating unit 21 is inserted into the third concave 212 of the circumferential side of the circumferentially adjacent floating unit 21, and bolts are driven into the second bolt interfaces 213 aligned with the circumferentially adjacent floating units 21 to fix the adjacent floating units 21 together, and the process is performed in sequence until a layer of annular floating structure is formed, and a second layer of annular floating structure is assembled based on the annular floating structure. During the assembly process, the fourth protrusion 214 and the third protrusion 211 of the axial end of the axially adjacent floating unit 21 are used. The four concave 215 structures connect the two layers of floating structures into one, and this is done in sequence until the required floating module 2 is formed; during the assembly of the floating module 2, the appropriate floating structure in the floating module 2 is selected according to the design requirements to install the support frame 3, and the bolt interfaces at both ends of the support frame 3 are aligned with the second bolt structures 213 on the floating units 21 on both sides of the opening of the floating structure, and bolts are driven into the aligned bolt structures and tightened to fix the support frame 3 to the two groups of floating units 21 on the opening side; after the assembly of the floating module 2 is completed, the prestressed pipes 118 and the second prestressed pipes 216 are inserted into the aligned Stressed steel strands, tension the prestressed steel strands until the floating module 2 and the buoyancy regulating module 1 are tightly connected as one in the axial direction, and the prestressed steel strands are fixed by bolt structures at both axial ends of the prestressed pipe; pipes 12 are installed on the outside of the buoyancy regulating module 1 and the floating module 2, and the lower ends of the pipes 12 are connected to the water inlet pipe 116 and the water outlet pipe 117 on the buoyancy regulating module 1, and the pipe clamp structure is nailed into the outside of the buoyancy regulating module 1 and the floating module 2 to fix the pipe 12 on the outside of the circumference of the buoyancy regulating module 1 and the floating module 2, so as to complete the assembly of the wave-breaking chamber module;

[0146] Lift the assembled wave-breaking chamber module to the water surface, adjust the buoyancy adjustment module 1 at the bottom of the wave-breaking chamber module, change the center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module and adjust its posture, so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward, connect multiple wave-breaking chamber modules together in a serial connection manner with the head and tail connected, and then tow them as a whole to the designed operating waters;

[0147] After arriving at the designed operating waters, the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted according to the water depth of the designed installation waters and the designed wave-breaking mode; if the designed wave-breaking mode is a bottom-sitting wave-breaking mode, that is, the water depth of the current designed installation waters is small, and the water depth is less than the vertical height of the wave-breaking chamber module, the buoyancy adjustment module 1 at the bottom of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted, water is injected into the buoyancy adjustment cabin 11, and the buoyancy adjustment module 1 is adjusted to the maximum gravity, and the wave-breaking chamber module is naturally flipped from a horizontal state to a vertical state with a light head and heavy feet, and the wave-breaking chamber module sinks to the bottom and sits on the seabed or riverbed to form the required bottom-sitting wave-breaking structure;

[0148] If the designed wave breaking mode is a floating wave breaking mode, that is, the water depth of the current design installation water area is large, and the water depth is greater than the designed draft of the wave breaking chamber module, the buoyancy adjustment module 1 at the bottom of the wave breaking chamber module is adjusted, and water is injected into the buoyancy adjustment cabin 11, and the buoyancy adjustment module 1 is adjusted to the maximum gravity. The wave breaking chamber module is light on the head and heavy on the feet and naturally flips from a horizontal state to a vertical state. When the wave breaking chamber module sinks until it is completely submerged in the water, the anchor cable 5 on the anchor block 4 that has been installed on the bottom of the water in the anchoring module is connected to the annular anchor point on the side of the wave breaking chamber module, and the length of the anchor cable 5 (a reel is connected to the anchor cable 5, and the length can be adjusted) is adjusted to the designed length, and the buoyancy of the wave breaking chamber module is adjusted to make the wave breaking chamber module float to the designed draft, and the tension of the anchor cable 5 is adjusted to make the anchor cable 5 in a tensioned state, and the buoyancy of the wave breaking chamber module is continued to be adjusted to make the buoyancy of the wave breaking chamber module meet the design requirements, so as to form the required floating wave breaking structure;

[0149] If the designed wave breaking mode is a truncated wave breaking mode, that is, the water depth of the current designed installation water area is large, and the water depth is greater than the designed draft of the wave breaking chamber module, the buoyancy adjustment module 1 at the bottom of the wave breaking chamber module is adjusted, and water is injected into the buoyancy adjustment cabin 11, and the buoyancy adjustment module 1 is adjusted to the maximum gravity. The wave breaking chamber module is top-light and foot-heavy and naturally flips from a horizontal state to a vertical state. Pile foundations are inserted into the guide ring structure on the circumferential side of the wave breaking chamber module, and pile foundations are inserted in sequence until the wave breaking chamber module is fixed in the designed installation water area, and then the draft of the wave breaking chamber module is adjusted based on the buoyancy adjustment module 1 so that the draft of the wave breaking chamber module is the designed draft, and then the wave breaking chamber module is fixed on the pile foundation to form the required truncated wave breaking structure;

[0150] The wave-breaking structure is dismantled during turnover. For the bottom-mounted wave-breaking structure, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is directly adjusted to make the wave-breaking chamber module float to the water surface quickly. The center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted by using the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 to make the wave-breaking chamber module float on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward. Multiple wave-breaking chamber modules are connected together in a serial connection manner with the head and tail connected, and then towed as a whole to the next operating water area;

[0151] For the floating wave-breaking structure, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted so that the wave-breaking chamber module sinks until it is completely submerged in the water, the anchor cable 5 is in a relaxed state, the connection between the anchor cable 5 and the wave-breaking chamber module is released, and then the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted to the maximum extent so that the wave-breaking chamber module quickly floats to the water surface, and the center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted by using the buoyancy regulating cabin 11 so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward, and multiple wave-breaking chamber modules are connected together in a serial connection manner with the head and tail connected, and then the whole is towed to the next operating water area;

[0152] For the truncated wave-breaking structure, the vertical fixed connection between the pile foundation and the wave-breaking chamber module is released, the pile foundation is pulled out, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted to the maximum, so that the wave-breaking chamber module quickly floats to the water surface, and the center of gravity of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted by using the buoyancy regulating cabin 11, so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward, and multiple wave-breaking chamber modules are connected together in a serial connection manner with the head and tail connected, and then the whole is towed to the next operating water area;

[0153] It can be used in a circular manner. If the construction of all construction areas is completed, the wave-breaking chamber module can be towed to the launching site, hoisted and transported to the next construction site or stored in a warehouse.

[0154] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application. The present application may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application to be protected. The scope of protection claimed in the present application is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wave-breaking structure, characterized in that: It includes a wave-breaking chamber module; the wave-breaking chamber module includes: A buoyancy regulating module (1), the buoyancy regulating module (1) being used to regulate the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that part of the wave-breaking chamber module is below the water surface and part of it is above the water surface to form a floating, bottom-sitting or truncated wave-breaking structure; A floating body module (2) is provided on the wave-receiving side of the floating body module (2) with an inflow hole for introducing waves into the interior of the wave-breaking chamber module. The floating body module (2) is fixedly connected to the buoyancy regulating module (1) to form a hollow columnar wave-breaking chamber module.

2. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflow hole penetrates the wave-breaking chamber module from bottom to top, so that the wave-removing side of the wave-breaking chamber module is an open structure.

3. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wave-breaking chamber module is a hollow columnar structure with an arc-shaped inner wall.

4. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-breaking chamber module is a hollow columnar structure with openings at both ends.

5. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy adjustment module (1) is located below all the floating body modules (2).

6. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buoyancy regulating module (1) comprises a plurality of buoyancy regulating chambers (11), which are spliced ​​and connected in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a columnar structure with an opening on the back-wave side; the buoyancy regulating chamber (11) is a hollow block structure with an arc-shaped inner end surface, and an adjustment structure for adjusting buoyancy is arranged on the buoyancy regulating chamber (11).

7. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating chamber (11) is provided with a first protrusion (111) protruding in the circumferential direction and a first recess (112) recessed in the axial direction, and adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers (11) are fixedly connected as a whole by snapping the first protrusion (111) into the first recess (112).

8. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first bolt interface (113) is provided on the circumferential side of the buoyancy regulating chamber (11), and adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers (11) are fixedly connected as one body by bolts penetrating through the first bolt interfaces (113) of the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers (11) that are butted against each other.

9. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial end of the buoyancy regulating chamber (11) is provided with a second protrusion (114) protruding in the axial direction or a second recess (115) recessed in the axial direction, and the buoyancy regulating chamber (11) is fixed to an adjacent buoyancy regulating chamber (11) or a floating body module (2) via the second protrusion (114) or the second recess (115).

10. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The regulating structure comprises a water inlet pipe (116) and a water outlet pipe (117) arranged on the buoyancy regulating chamber (11); the water inlet pipe (116) and the water outlet pipe (117) are in communication with the internal space of the buoyancy regulating chamber (11), and are arranged at positions at the lower end of the buoyancy regulating chamber (11) close to both sides of the circumference thereof; the water inlet pipe (116) and the water outlet pipe (117) are respectively connected to an external water injection and water extraction structure for regulating the gravity of the buoyancy regulating chamber (11).

11. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The regulating structure further comprises a pipeline (12); the lower end of the pipeline (12) is connected to the water inlet pipe (116) or the water outlet pipe (117), and the upper end extends vertically to the top of the wave-breaking chamber module; the pipeline (12) is fixedly connected to the floating body module (2) and the buoyancy regulating module (1) via a pipe clamp structure.

12. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pipe clamp is a clamp-type structure, one end of which is sleeved and fixed on the pipeline (12), and the other end of which is nailed into the floating body module (2) or the buoyancy adjustment module (1).

13. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating body module (2) and the buoyancy regulating module (1) are provided with prestressed pipes penetrating in the vertical direction; the floating body module (2) and the buoyancy regulating module (1) are fixedly connected as a whole in the axial direction by means of prestressed steel strands penetrating in the prestressed pipes.

14. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating body module (2) comprises a plurality of floating body units (21), wherein the plurality of floating body units (21) are spliced ​​and connected in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a columnar floating body structure with an opening on the back-wave side, and the axially adjacent floating body units (21) in the multi-layer floating body structure are spliced ​​and connected in sequence to form a hollow columnar floating body module (2).

15. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The circumferential side of the floating unit (21) is provided with a third protrusion (211) protruding in the circumferential direction and a third recess (212) recessed in the axial direction, and adjacent floating units (21) are fixedly connected as a whole by the third protrusion (211) being clamped in the third recess (212).

16. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 15, characterized in that: The circumferential side of the floating unit (21) is provided with a plurality of groups of third protrusions (211) and third recesses (212) arranged at intervals in the radial direction, and each group includes a plurality of third protrusions (211) and third recesses (212) arranged alternately in the axial direction.

17. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 16, characterized in that: The circumferential side of the floating unit (21) is provided with a second bolt interface (213), and adjacent floating units (21) are fixedly connected as one body by bolts penetrating through the second bolt interface (213) where adjacent floating units (21) are butted.

18. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The floating body unit (21) is provided with a fourth protrusion (214) protruding in the axial direction at one axial end and a fourth recess (215) recessed in the axial direction at the other axial end; adjacent floating body units (21) are fixedly connected as a whole by snapping the fourth protrusion (214) into the fourth recess (215).

19. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support frames (3) are arranged in the inflow hole of the wave-breaking chamber module; the support frames (3) are truss structures whose two ends are respectively fixed to the floating body modules (2) or / and the buoyancy adjustment module (1) on both sides, and the plurality of support frames (3) are distributed at intervals along the vertical direction.

20. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anchoring module; the anchoring module is used to position the wave-breaking chamber module floating on the water surface at a designed installation position to form a truncated wave-breaking structure or a floating wave-breaking structure.

21. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 20, characterized in that: The anchoring module comprises a plurality of groups of anchor cables (5) and anchor blocks (4), wherein the plurality of groups of anchor cables (5) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the wave-breaking chamber module, and each group comprises at least two anchor cables (5), wherein the upper ends of the anchor cables (5) in the same group are fixed to the outer side of the wave-breaking chamber module along a vertical interval, and the lower ends are connected to the anchor blocks (4).

22. A wave-breaking structure according to claim 20, characterized in that: The anchoring module comprises a plurality of pile foundations inserted into the waters where the designed installation position is located. The plurality of pile foundations are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and are respectively fixedly connected to the wave-breaking chamber modules.

23. A method for designing a wave-breaking structure, characterized in that: The design method is used to design any one of the wave-breaking structures as claimed in claims 1 to 20, include, Obtain characteristic data of waves in the construction area; Based on the Helmholtz resonance theory, the functional relationship between the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module and the characteristic data of the wave is established; According to the wave wavelength that needs to be reduced, the structural dimensions of the wave-breaking chamber module are determined based on the functional relationship.

24. A method for designing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 23, characterized in that: The method for obtaining characteristic data of waves in the construction sea area includes: obtaining wave data of the construction area for many years, analyzing and forming a typical wave spectrum of the area; determining the wavelength range of medium and long period waves that have the greatest impact on engineering construction and structural operation and maintenance based on the wave spectrum of the construction sea area; and obtaining the characteristic wavelength of the wave by integrating the wave wavelength range and the typical wave spectrum.

25. A method for designing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 23, characterized in that: The method for constructing the functional relationship between the structural parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module and the characteristic data of the wave based on the Helmholtz resonance theory includes: constructing the functional relationship according to the following formula: Where: f0——Helmholtz resonance frequency; λ——characteristic wavelength of incident wave; P——opening ratio, that is, the percentage of the inflow hole area on the wave-breaking chamber module to the side area of ​​the entire wave-breaking chamber module; L k ——Geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module.

26. A method for designing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 25, characterized in that: The method for determining the structural dimensions of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the functional relationship includes: substituting the characteristic wavelength of the incident wave to be reduced into the functional relationship, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the opening ratio and the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module, and converting the geometric parameters of the wave-breaking chamber module according to the following formula: L k I+0.3D+0.6HR / (H+R) Where: L k ——Geometric parameters of wave-breaking chamber module a——thickness of the wave-breaking chamber module; D——hydraulic diameter of the wave-breaking chamber module; H——water depth in the construction area; R——radius of the wave-breaking chamber module; The relative relationship between the opening rate and the thickness of the wave-breaking chamber module, the water depth of the construction area and the radius of the wave-breaking chamber module is constructed, and the outer diameter, inner diameter, thickness and inflow hole structure size of the wave-breaking chamber module are designed based on the relative relationship.

27. A method for designing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 23, characterized in that: The draft of the wave-breaking chamber module is greater than half the water depth of the construction sea area.

28. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure, characterized in that: The installation method is used to install any one of the wave-breaking structures according to claims 1 to 20, comprising: Prefabricate the required floating body module (2) and buoyancy adjustment module (1) in a factory and transport them to the construction site; Assembling the buoyancy adjustment module (1) at the construction site to form the base of the wave-breaking chamber module, assembling the floating body module (2) and fixing the assembled floating body module (2) on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) to form the required wave-breaking chamber module; Tow the assembled wave-breaking chamber module to the designed operating waters; Based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1), the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode; During turnover, adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module and tow the wave-breaking chamber module to the next operating waters, and install the wave-breaking chamber module according to the above method.

29. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for prefabricating the required floating body modules (2) and buoyancy regulating modules (1) in a factory comprises: prefabricating in a factory a plurality of floating body units (21) for assembling the floating body modules (2) and a plurality of buoyancy regulating chambers (11) for assembling the buoyancy regulating modules (1).

30. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 29, characterized in that: The method for assembling a buoyancy regulating module (1) at a construction site comprises: inserting a first protrusion (111) on a circumferential side of a buoyancy regulating chamber (11) into a first recess (112) on an axial side of an adjacent buoyancy regulating chamber (11) to connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers (11) as a whole, driving bolts into corresponding first bolt interfaces (113) of adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers (11) to securely connect the adjacent buoyancy regulating chambers (11) as a whole, and performing the steps in sequence until a desired buoyancy regulating module (1) is formed.

31. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 30, characterized in that: The method for assembling a floating module (2) comprises: inserting a third protrusion (211) on the circumferential side of a floating unit (21) into a third recess (212) on the circumferential side of a circumferentially adjacent floating unit (21), driving bolts into second bolt interfaces (213) aligned with circumferentially adjacent floating units (21), and fixing adjacent floating units (21) together, and performing the steps in sequence until a layer of annular floating structure is formed; assembling a second layer of annular floating structure based on the annular floating structure; during the assembly process, connecting the two layers of floating structures together using a fourth protrusion (214) and a fourth recess (215) structure at the axial ends of axially adjacent floating units (21); and performing the steps in sequence until the desired floating module (2) is formed.

32. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 31, characterized in that: The method for fixing the assembled floating module (2) on the buoyancy regulating module (1) comprises: using the second protrusion (114) or the second recess (115) at the axial top of the buoyancy regulating cabin (11) and the fourth recess (215) or the fourth protrusion (214) at the axial bottom of the bottom buoyancy unit to fix the buoyancy regulating cabin (11) with the buoyancy unit, so that the prestressed pipes in the buoyancy regulating module (1) and the floating module (2) are aligned in the axial direction, and steel strands are inserted into the aligned prestressed pipes and prestressed tension is performed, so that the buoyancy regulating module (1) and the floating module (2) are fixedly connected as a whole in the axial direction.

33. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 32, characterized in that: A pipe (12) is arranged outside the circumference of the buoyancy adjustment module (1) and the floating body module (2), and the pipe (12) is fixed to the outside of the buoyancy adjustment module (1) and the floating body module (2) by means of a pipe clamp structure nailed into the outer wall of the buoyancy adjustment module (1) and the floating body module (2), and the lower end of the pipe (12) is connected to the water inlet pipe (116) or the water outlet pipe (117) of the buoyancy adjustment cabin (11).

34. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for towing the assembled wave-breaking chamber module to the designed operating waters comprises: adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal position with the inflow hole facing downward, connecting a plurality of wave-breaking chamber modules together in a series connection manner with the modules connected end to end, and then towing the modules as a whole to the designed operating waters.

35. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for adjusting a wave-breaking chamber module based on a buoyancy adjustment module (1) comprises: after the wave-breaking chamber module is towed to a designed operating water area, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted using the buoyancy adjustment module (1) of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats vertically on the water surface, and the inflow hole of the wave-breaking chamber module is located on the back-wave side of the wave-breaking chamber module.

36. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode comprises: when the designed installation area is a shallow water area, adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the lower end of the wave-breaking chamber module sinks to the bottom to form a bottom-sitting wave-breaking structure.

37. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode comprises: when the designed installation area is a deep water area, using the buoyancy adjustment module (1) to adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module sinks until it is completely submerged in the water, connecting the anchor cable (5) on the anchor block (4) installed on the bottom of the water to the annular anchor point on the side of the wave-breaking chamber module, adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats to the designed draft depth, adjusting the length and tension of the anchor cable (5) so that the anchor cable (5) is in a tensioned state, and continuing to adjust the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module meets the design requirements.

38. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 37, characterized in that: During the turnover, the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted so that the wave-breaking chamber module sinks until it is completely submerged in the water, the connection between the anchor cable (5) and the wave-breaking chamber module is released, and then the wave-breaking chamber module is adjusted so that it floats to the water surface.

39. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the wave-breaking chamber module is in a set working mode comprises: when the designed installation area is a deep water area, adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the wave-breaking chamber module is at a preset height position, inserting a plurality of pile foundations into the designed installation area, connecting the wave-breaking chamber module to the pile foundations, and adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module based on the buoyancy adjustment module (1) so that the wave-breaking chamber module reaches the designed draft depth.

40. A method for installing a wave-breaking structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module and towing the wave-breaking chamber module to the next operating water area comprises: adjusting the buoyancy of the wave-breaking chamber module so that the wave-breaking chamber module floats on the water surface in a horizontal lying manner with the inflow hole facing downward, connecting a plurality of wave-breaking chamber modules together in a serial connection manner with the end to the end, and then towing the whole module to the next operating water area.

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