River-crossing water diversion structure for collecting downstream tail water and abandoned water of hydropower station

Abstract

The invention provides a river-crossing water diversion structure for collecting downstream tail water and abandoned water of a hydropower station, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects. The water diversion structure comprises a water return gate, a drop well, a river-crossing box culvert, a tail water guide assembly and a abandoned water guide assembly. The water recession gate is arranged in the tail water channel of the upper-stage hydropower station and used for cutting off tail water of the tail water channel of the upper-stage hydropower station; the tail water guiding assembly is connected with a tail water channel of an upper-stage hydropower station and used for guiding tail water cut off by the water recession gate into the drop well. The abandoned water guiding assembly is connected with a flood discharge tunnel stilling pool of an upper-stage hydropower station and used for guiding abandoned water of the flood discharge tunnel stilling pool of the upper-stage hydropower station into the drop well. The drop well is provided with a water outlet, and the river-crossing box culvert is connected to the water outlet, located below the river channel and used for leading water in the drop well into the water diversion system. The water diversion structure has the effects of improving flood discharge safety of an upper-level hydropower station, reducing disturbance to the ecological environment and reducing the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water downstream of a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] In the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, it is a common engineering practice to make full use of the tail water of hydropower stations for power generation, irrigation or water supply. If the abandoned water discharged through the flood discharge tunnel due to excessive tail water volume of the upper hydropower station can be further collected and coordinated with the tail water of power generation, and jointly invested in power generation, irrigation or water supply, it will undoubtedly significantly improve the overall benefits of the project. At the same time, in the process of achieving the above engineering goals, the primary consideration is to ensure that the flood discharge of the upper hydropower station is not affected and to ensure the safe operation of the upper hydropower station.

[0003] The traditional project implementation plan is to build a river-blocking structure at a safe distance downstream of the upper hydropower station, collect the tailwater and abandoned water by raising the water level, and then introduce it into the riverbank water diversion system through the water diversion structure. However, this plan has many disadvantages. For example, it will have a more obvious negative impact on the river ecosystem, and the natural hydrological conditions of the river will be changed, which may lead to a series of ecological problems such as the destruction of aquatic habitats and the decline of the river's self-purification capacity. At the same time, in the process of engineering construction through the above method, a large amount of funds need to be invested in the construction and maintenance of facilities such as river-blocking structures and water diversion systems, and the project investment cost is generally high.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tailwater and waste water downstream of a hydropower station, so as to improve the flood discharge safety of the upper hydropower station, reduce disturbance to the ecological environment and reduce construction costs.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tailwater and abandoned water from downstream of a hydropower station is provided, wherein the water diversion structure comprises a water withdrawal gate, a drop well, a river-crossing box culvert, a tailwater guide assembly, and an abandoned water guide assembly;

[0007] The water withdrawal gate is arranged in the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station, and is used to cut off the tailwater of the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station;

[0008] The tailwater guide assembly is connected to the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station and is used to introduce the tailwater intercepted by the water withdrawal gate into the drop well;

[0009] The abandoned water guiding assembly is connected to the stilling pool of the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel, and is used to guide the abandoned water of the stilling pool of the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel into the drop well;

[0010] The drop well has a water outlet, and the river-penetrating box culvert is connected to the water outlet and is located below the river channel, and is used for introducing the water in the drop well into the water diversion system.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the water diversion structure also includes a first gradient section and a second gradient section; wherein one side of the water discharge gate is connected to one side of the tailwater channel of the upstream hydropower station through the first gradient section, and the other side is connected to the other side of the tailwater channel of the upstream hydropower station through the second gradient section.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tailwater guide assembly includes a water inlet and a water diversion channel;

[0013] The water inlet is arranged on one side of the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station;

[0014] One side of the water diversion channel is connected to the water diversion port, and the other side is connected to the drop well.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the water diversion channel has a first bottom plate; wherein the thickness of the first bottom plate is between 10 and 30 cm.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the drop well has a second bottom plate and side walls; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate is between 1 and 2 m; and the thickness of the side walls is between 0.5 and 2 m.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water diversion structure further includes an emergency maintenance gate provided between the river-crossing box culvert and the drop well;

[0018] Among them, the emergency maintenance gate has a third bottom plate, a gate pier, a first breast wall, and a second breast wall; the thickness of the third bottom plate is between 2 and 3m; the thickness of the gate pier is between 1.5 and 2.5m; the thickness of the first breast wall is between 0.5 and 1.0m; the thickness of the second breast wall is between 0.5 and 1.0m.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the abandoned water guide assembly includes an overflow weir, a wing wall, a connecting wall and a connecting gate;

[0020] One side of the connecting gate is connected to one side of the energy dissipation pool of the upper hydropower station through the wing wall, and the other side of the connecting gate is connected to the emergency maintenance gate through the connecting wall;

[0021] The overflow weir is arranged downstream of the energy dissipation pool of the upstream hydropower station. One side of the overflow weir is connected to the river bank, and the other side is connected to any one of the connecting gate, the emergency maintenance gate and the connecting wall.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a cut-off wall is provided on one side of the overflow weir connected to the river bank; wherein the length of the cut-off wall is between 10 and 15 m, and the thickness of the cut-off wall is the same as that of the overflow weir.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the top surface of the overflow weir and the riverbed is between 1 and 3 meters.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the top of the river-crossing box culvert and the riverbed is greater than 1m; the outlet of the river-crossing box culvert has a first connecting section and a second connecting section arranged in sequence;

[0025] Wherein, the length of the first connecting section is between 10 and 15 m.

[0026] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water diversion structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a water discharge gate and a water discharge gate in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a water diversion structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of a drop well in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a river-crossing box culvert in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an overflow weir in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station; 11. water withdrawal gate; 12. first gradient section; 13. second gradient section; 14. water discharge gate; 2. energy dissipation pool of the upper hydropower station spillway tunnel; 3. waterfall well; 31. water outlet; 32. second bottom plate; 33. side wall; 4. tailwater guide assembly; 41. water inlet; 42. water diversion channel; 421. first bottom plate; 422. slope; 5. river channel; 6. accident inspection gate; 61. Third bottom plate; 62. Gate pier; 63. First breast wall; 64. Second breast wall; 7. Abandoned water guide assembly; 71. Overflow weir; 711. Anti-seepage wall; 712. Blocking part; 72. Wing wall; 73. Connecting wall; 74. Connecting gate; 8. River-crossing box culvert; 81. First connecting section; 82. Second connecting section; 83. Box culvert side wall; 84. Box culvert top plate; 85. Box culvert bottom plate; 86. Gabion; 87. Filling area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0036] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of the illustration to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples described in the drawings. It is understood that if the device of the illustration is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component "lower". When a structure is "on" other structures, it may mean that the structure is formed integrally on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.

[0037] In related technologies, in order to further collect the abandoned water discharged through the flood discharge tunnel due to the excessive tailwater volume of the upper hydropower station, a river-blocking structure will be built at a safe distance downstream of the upper hydropower station. By raising the water level, the tailwater and abandoned water will be gathered together, and then introduced into the riverbank water diversion system through the water diversion structure. However, this method has many disadvantages. For example, it will have a more obvious negative impact on the river ecosystem, and the natural hydrological conditions of the river will be changed, which may lead to a series of ecological problems such as the destruction of aquatic habitats and the decline of the self-purification capacity of the river. At the same time, in the process of engineering construction through the above method, a large amount of funds need to be invested in the construction and maintenance of facilities such as river-blocking structures and water diversion systems, and the project investment cost is generally high.

[0038] Based on this, see Figure 1 The present application discloses a cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tailwater and abandoned water downstream of a hydropower station. The water diversion structure includes a water discharge gate 11, a drop well 3, a river-crossing culvert 8, a tailwater guide assembly 4, and an abandoned water guide assembly 7; the water discharge gate 11 is arranged in the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station, and is used to cut off the tailwater of the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station; the tailwater guide assembly 4 is connected to the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station, and is used to introduce the tailwater cut off by the water discharge gate 11 into the drop well 3; the abandoned water guide assembly 7 is connected to the stilling pool 2 of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station, and is used to introduce the abandoned water of the stilling pool 2 of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station into the drop well 3; the drop well 3 has a water outlet 31, and the river-crossing culvert 8 is connected to the water outlet 31 and is located below the river channel 5, and is used to introduce the water in the drop well 3 into the water diversion system.

[0039] In the disclosed embodiment, the water discharge gate 11 cuts off the tailwater of the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station. When the tailwater accumulates at a certain water level, the tailwater enters the drop well 3 through the tailwater guide assembly 4; at the same time, the abandoned water of the stilling pool 2 of the flood discharge tunnel of the upper hydropower station is also introduced into the drop well 3 through the abandoned water guide assembly 7. The tailwater and abandoned water introduced into the drop well 3 enter the water diversion system through the river culvert 8 to realize the subsequent utilization of the tailwater and abandoned water. Through this water diversion structure, the tailwater and abandoned water can be coordinated and allocated, and can be jointly invested in power generation, irrigation or water supply, which can significantly improve the overall benefits.

[0040] It should be noted that in the drawings of the present application specification, there is an “arrow” mark, which mainly indicates the flow direction of tail water and abandoned water in the water diversion structure.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the water diversion structure further includes a first gradient section 12 and a second gradient section 13; wherein one side of the water discharge gate 11 is connected to one side of the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station through the first gradient section 12, and the other side of the water discharge gate 11 is connected to the other side of the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station through the second gradient section 13. The first gradient section 12 and the second gradient section 13 can be provided to smoothly connect the water discharge gate 11 with the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station.

[0042] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 In some embodiments, in order to meet the discharge demand of the ecological base flow of the river 5, a 1-2 hole specification water discharge gate 11 can be selected, which also serves as the water discharge gate 14 of the ecological base flow. In order to improve the flexibility of regulation, the width of the 1-2 hole specification water discharge gate 11 can be appropriately narrowed. At the same time, the water discharge gate 11 can be equipped with a flat working gate. The daily operation of the water diversion structure follows the following rules: when the water diversion system is diverting water normally, only the ecological base flow water discharge gate 14 is opened, and the other water discharge gates 11 remain closed; when the river bank water diversion system stops diverting water, all the gates of the water discharge gates 11 are opened to ensure that the tail water returns to the river smoothly.

[0043] In some embodiments, the tailwater guide assembly 4 includes a water inlet 41 and a water diversion channel 42; the water inlet 41 is arranged on one side of the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station; one side of the water diversion channel 42 is connected to the water inlet 41, and the other side of the water diversion channel 42 is connected to the drop well 3. Specifically, when the water discharge gate 11 cuts off the tailwater of the tailwater channel 1 of the upper hydropower station and the tailwater accumulates at a certain water level, the tailwater enters the water diversion channel 42 through the water inlet 41, and the water diversion channel 42 enters the drop well 3, thereby achieving the purpose of introducing the tailwater into the drop well 3.

[0044] As an example, the water inlet 41 can be set to be an "eight"-shaped opening.

[0045] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the water diversion channel 42 has a first bottom plate 421; wherein, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 is between 10 and 30 cm. For example, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 may be 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm or 30 cm. It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 is not limited thereto. By setting the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 between 10 and 30 cm, this thickness can ensure that the first bottom plate 421 has sufficient strength and stability to resist the scouring and erosion of the water flow, and can also achieve effective cost control under the premise of meeting engineering requirements.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first bottom plate 421 may be lined with concrete.

[0047] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 A slope 422 may be provided on one side of the water diversion channel 42. The slope 422 may be in various forms. For example, a concrete-lined slope 422 may be selected according to specific circumstances. This form of slope 422 is suitable for areas with good geological conditions and relatively gentle slopes. It can effectively utilize the natural stability of the soil and reduce the amount of engineering materials. In areas with narrow sites, complex geological conditions, or high requirements for slope stability, a concrete vertical retaining wall may be used. This wall has the advantages of compact structure, small footprint, and strong resistance to lateral forces, and can provide reliable slope protection for the water diversion channel 42.

[0048] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the layout of the water diversion channel 42 needs to be flexibly planned according to geological conditions and actual site conditions, taking into full consideration factors such as topography, surrounding environment, etc. As an example, if the channel slope of the water diversion channel 42 adopts the form of a lined inclined channel slope, a connecting section can be set at the end of the water diversion channel 42 (this is not specifically marked in the drawings of this application), so as to ensure that the water diversion channel 42 can be connected with other structures smoothly and meet the engineering design requirements.

[0049] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The drop well 3 has a second bottom plate 32; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate 32 is between 1 and 2 m. For example, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 may be 1 m, 1.2 m, 1.4 m, 1.6 m, 1.8 m or 2 m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the first bottom plate 421 is not limited thereto.

[0050] In some embodiments, the drop well 3 has a side wall 33, and the thickness of the side wall 33 is between 0.5 and 2 meters. For example, the thickness of the side wall 33 can be 0.5 meters, 1.0 meters, 1.5 meters or 2 meters. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the side wall 33 is not limited thereto.

[0051] In some embodiments, the drop well 3 has a second bottom plate 32 and a side wall 33; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate 32 is between 1 and 2 m; and the thickness of the side wall 33 is between 0.5 and 2 m.

[0052] The drop well 3 can lower the elevation of the river-penetrating box culvert 8, ensuring that the river-penetrating box culvert 8 maintains a sufficient distance from the riverbed surface to avoid affecting the flood discharge of the river channel 5; at the same time, by lowering the bottom plate elevation, the inlet of the river-penetrating box culvert 8 can have a sufficient flooding depth to meet the conditions for pressurized flow under normal working conditions.

[0053] As an example, the water drop well 3 can be made of reinforced concrete. At the same time, in terms of the elevation of the water drop well 3, the elevation of the second bottom plate 32 is lower than the elevation of the bottom plate at the end of the water diversion channel 42, wherein the elevation of the second bottom plate 32 is 2 to 6 meters higher than the bottom plate at the end of the water diversion channel 42. In this way, the water diversion channel 42 and the river culvert 8 can be better adapted.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The water diversion structure also includes an emergency maintenance gate 6 arranged between the river-penetrating box culvert 8 and the drop well 3.

[0055] The emergency repair gate 6 has a third bottom plate 61; the thickness of the third bottom plate 61 is between 2 and 3 m. For example, the thickness of the third bottom plate 61 can be 2 m, 2.3 m, 2.6 m, 2.8 m or 3.0 m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the third bottom plate 61 is not limited thereto.

[0056] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a gate pier 62; the thickness of the gate pier 62 is between 1.5 and 2.5 m. The thickness of the gate pier 62 can be 1.5 m, 1.7 m, 1.9 m, 2.1 m, 2.3 m or 2.5 m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the gate pier 62 is not limited to this.

[0057] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a first breast wall 63; the thickness of the first breast wall 63 is between 0.5 and 1.0 m. The thickness of the first breast wall 63 can be 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 0.9 m or 1.0 m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the gate pier 62 is not limited to this.

[0058] The emergency maintenance gate 6 has a second breast wall 64; the thickness of the second breast wall 64 is between 0.5 and 1.0 m. The thickness of the second breast wall 64 can be 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 0.9 m or 1.0 m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the gate pier 62 is not limited to this.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the water diversion structure also includes an emergency maintenance gate 6 disposed between the river culvert 8 and the drop well 3; wherein the emergency maintenance gate 6 has a third bottom plate 61, a gate pier 62, a first breast wall 63, and a second breast wall 64; the thickness of the third bottom plate 61 is between 2 and 3 m; the thickness of the gate pier 62 is between 1.5 and 2.5 m; the thickness of the first breast wall 63 is between 0.5 and 1.0 m; the thickness of the second breast wall 64 is between 0.5 and 1.0 m. Specifically, the set emergency maintenance gate 6 can quickly close the gate to achieve emergency water outage. Furthermore, the first breast wall 63 can effectively reduce the height of the emergency maintenance gate 6 through a specific structural design, thereby optimizing the overall mechanical properties of the equipment operation; the second breast wall 64 is mainly responsible for resisting the flood of the river channel 5, preventing the flood from pouring into the gate chamber, and ensuring the safety of the gate chamber.

[0060] As an example, the gate hole width and number of holes of the emergency maintenance gate 6 are exactly the same as those of the river-penetrating box culvert 8. This design ensures the coordination and compatibility of the two in the operation of the water conservancy system, ensuring that the water flow remains smooth and stable.

[0061] In some embodiments, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency repair gate 6 may be the same. For example, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency repair gate 6 may be between 5 and 10 meters. For example, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency repair gate 6 may be 5 meters, 7 meters, 9 meters or 10 meters, etc. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the width of the drop well 3 and the width of the emergency repair gate 6 are not limited thereto.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 1 The abandoned water guiding assembly 7 includes an overflow weir 71, a wing wall 72, a connecting wall 73 and a connecting gate 74; one side of the connecting gate 74 is connected to one side of the stilling pool 2 of the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel through the wing wall 72, and the other side of the connecting gate 74 is connected to the emergency maintenance gate 6 through the connecting wall 73; the overflow weir 71 is arranged downstream of the stilling pool 2 of the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel, one side of the overflow weir 71 is connected to the river bank, and the other side of the overflow weir 71 is connected to any one of the connecting gate 74, the emergency maintenance gate 6 and the connecting wall 73. The disposed connecting gate 74 can be used to guide the abandoned water discharged from the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel into the drop well 3, and then together with the upper hydropower station's tailwater channel 1, it passes through the emergency maintenance gate 6 and the river-crossing box culvert 8 and is introduced into the riverbank water diversion system.

[0063] It should be noted that when the upstream hydropower station discharges flood water from the spillway, due to the high sediment content in the flood, the connecting gate 74 should be closed, and the flood is discharged to the downstream river channel 5 through the overflow weir 71; when the upstream hydropower station reservoir discharges waste water from the spillway, the connecting gate 74 should be opened to divert the waste water.

[0064] In this embodiment, one side of the connecting gate 74 is connected to one side of the stilling pool 2 of the upper hydropower station through the wing wall 72, which can play a role in diverting and blocking the abandoned water. The other side of the connecting gate 74 is connected to the emergency maintenance gate 6 through the connecting wall 73. The connecting wall 73 not only connects the connecting gate 74 with the emergency maintenance gate, but also provides traffic conditions between the two, which is convenient for daily inspection and maintenance work.

[0065] In this embodiment, the overflow weir 71 has two main functions. First, when waste water is discharged from the energy dissipation pool 2 of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station, the overflow weir 71 can maintain the water level downstream of the energy dissipation pool of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station so that the connecting gate 74 can draw the waste water from the energy dissipation pool 2 of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station; second, when flood water is discharged from the energy dissipation pool 2 of the spillway tunnel of the upper hydropower station, the flood can be discharged to the downstream river channel 5 through the overflow weir 71.

[0066] As an example, see Figure 1 , Figure 6 , the cross-section of the overflow weir 71 is trapezoidal, and the distance between the top surface of the overflow weir 71 and the riverbed is between 1 and 3 meters. This arrangement allows the overflow weir 71 to meet the water diversion flow demand of the connecting gate 74, and at the same time, it does not affect the safety and flood discharge capacity of the flood discharge building when the upper power station discharges floodwater. It should also be noted that, under ideal conditions, the bottom surface of the foundation of the overflow weir 71 should be located on the bedrock. If this condition cannot be met, the foundation depth must be greater than the calculated scouring depth. A blocking portion 712 is set downstream of the overflow weir 71. In some embodiments, the blocking portion 712 can be set as a gabion stone cage sea flooding to prevent the downstream river channel 5 from being scoured by the water discharged from the overflow weir 71.

[0067] As another example, the width of the top of the overflow weir 71 is between 0.3 and 0.5 m. For example, the width of the top of the overflow weir 71 may be 0.3 m, 0.4 m, or 0.5 m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the width of the top of the overflow weir 71 may not be limited thereto.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 1 A cut-off wall 711 is provided on one side where the overflow weir 71 is connected to the river bank; wherein the length of the cut-off wall 711 is between 10 and 15 m, and the thickness of the cut-off wall 711 is the same as that of the overflow weir 71 .

[0069] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance between the top of the river culvert 8 and the riverbed is greater than 1m; the outlet of the river culvert 8 has a first connecting section 81 and a second connecting section 82 arranged in sequence; wherein the length of the first connecting section 81 is between 10 and 15m. For example, the length of the first connecting section 81 can be 10m, 12m, 14m or 15m. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the length of the first connecting section 81 is not limited thereto.

[0070] It should be understood that, in some embodiments, the first connecting segment 81 and the second connecting segment 82 may be an integral structure to form an integral connecting segment, and the integral connecting segment is arranged in an "eight" shape.

[0071] The river-penetrating culvert 8 can introduce water (tailwater and abandoned water) into the water diversion system. In this embodiment, the first connecting section 81 can make the outlet of the river-penetrating culvert 8 realize submerged outflow.

[0072] As an example, the river-crossing box culvert 8 has a box culvert side wall 83 , a box culvert top plate 84 and a box culvert bottom plate 85 , wherein the thickness of the box culvert side wall 83 , the box culvert top plate 84 and the box culvert bottom plate 85 is set between 0.5 and 1 m.

[0073] As another example, the height of the river culvert 8 is generally between 1 and 4 meters. For example, the height of the river culvert 8 can be 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters or 3 meters. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the height of the river culvert 8 is not limited to this.

[0074] As another example, the width of the river culvert 8 is between 1 and 8 meters. For example, the width of the river culvert 8 can be 1 meter, 3 meters, 5 meters, 7 meters or 8 meters. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the width of the river culvert 8 is not limited thereto.

[0075] As another example, the height of the river-crossing box culvert 8 is generally between 1 and 4 m, and the width of the river-crossing box culvert 8 is between 1 and 8 m.

[0076] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 In order to prevent the flood from washing and damaging the downstream part of the river-penetrating box culvert 8 in the direction of the river channel 5, a gabion 86 is set on the downstream side wall of the river-penetrating box culvert 8 in the direction of the river channel 5. The gabion 86 is generally arranged in a step-like manner, and a filling area 87 is set in the gabion 86. As an example, the filling area 87 can be filled with large stones, and an eight-shaped connecting section is set at the outlet of the river-penetrating box culvert 8. In this way, by setting the outlet of the river-penetrating box culvert 8 in an "eight" shape, the smooth connection between the river-penetrating box culvert 8 and the water diversion system can be achieved.

[0077] Furthermore, a retaining wall can be set at the outlet of the river culvert 8 (this is marked in the drawings of the present application), and the retaining wall is connected to the figure-eight connecting section to prevent the water flow of the river channel 5 from entering the figure-eight connecting section.

[0078] In summary, the water diversion structure has the following advantages: First, it can ensure that the water diversion process will not interfere with the flood discharge operation of the upper hydropower station. Second, it can minimize the impact on the ecological environment of the river 5; Third, it can effectively reduce the construction cost. Fourth, the tail water of the upper hydropower station and the waste water of the flood discharge tunnel are diverted across the river for power generation, irrigation and water supply, without being restricted by the water diversion environment. It can be understood that the advantages of the water diversion structure shown in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station, characterized in that: The water diversion structure includes a water withdrawal gate, a drop well, a river culvert, a tailwater guide component, and a discarded water guide component; The water withdrawal gate is arranged in the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station, and is used to cut off the tailwater of the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station; The tailwater guide assembly is connected to the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station and is used to introduce the tailwater intercepted by the water withdrawal gate into the drop well; The abandoned water guiding assembly is connected to the stilling pool of the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel, and is used to guide the abandoned water of the stilling pool of the upper hydropower station's spillway tunnel into the drop well; The drop well has a water outlet, and the river-penetrating box culvert is connected to the water outlet and is located below the river channel, and is used for introducing the water in the drop well into the water diversion system.

2. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water diversion structure also includes a first gradient section and a second gradient section; wherein one side of the water discharge gate is connected to one side of the tailwater channel of the upstream hydropower station through the first gradient section, and the other side is connected to the other side of the tailwater channel of the upstream hydropower station through the second gradient section.

3. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailwater guiding assembly includes a water inlet and a water diversion channel; The water inlet is arranged on one side of the tailwater channel of the upper hydropower station; One side of the water diversion channel is connected to the water diversion port, and the other side is connected to the drop well.

4. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water diversion channel has a first bottom plate, wherein the thickness of the first bottom plate is between 10 and 30 cm.

5. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drop well has a second bottom plate and side walls; wherein the thickness of the second bottom plate is between 1 and 2 m; and the thickness of the side walls is between 0.5 and 2 m.

6. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water diversion structure also includes an emergency maintenance gate arranged between the river-crossing culvert and the drop well; Among them, the emergency maintenance gate has a third bottom plate, a gate pier, a first breast wall, and a second breast wall; the thickness of the third bottom plate is between 2 and 3m; the thickness of the gate pier is between 1.5 and 2.5m; the thickness of the first breast wall is between 0.5 and 1.0m; the thickness of the second breast wall is between 0.5 and 1.0m.

7. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The abandoned water guiding assembly includes an overflow weir, a wing wall, a connecting wall and a connecting gate; One side of the connecting gate is connected to one side of the energy dissipation pool of the upper hydropower station through the wing wall, and the other side of the connecting gate is connected to the emergency maintenance gate through the connecting wall; The overflow weir is arranged downstream of the energy dissipation pool of the upstream hydropower station. One side of the overflow weir is connected to the river bank, and the other side is connected to any one of the connecting gate, the emergency maintenance gate and the connecting wall.

8. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cut-off wall is provided on one side of the overflow weir connected to the river bank; wherein the length of the cut-off wall is between 10 and 15 m, and the thickness of the cut-off wall is the same as that of the overflow weir.

9. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the top surface of the overflow weir and the riverbed is between 1 and 3 meters.

10. The cross-river water diversion structure for collecting tail water and waste water from downstream of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the top of the river-crossing box culvert and the riverbed is greater than 1m; the outlet of the river-crossing box culvert has a first connecting section and a second connecting section arranged in sequence; Wherein, the length of the first connecting section is between 10 and 15 m.

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