Installation device for preventing and treating slope granular body disaster by step energy dissipation support

Abstract

The application relates to a step-by-step energy consumption supporting installation device for preventing and treating slope granular body disasters, and belongs to the technical field of slope granular body disaster prevention and treatment. The device comprises a mounting disc and three positioning rods which are vertically fixed on the surface of the mounting disc and are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape, the positioning rods are axially and slidingly inserted into the grouting steel pipes to be installed, and the three positioning rods are fixedly connected together by a positioning disc located below the mounting disc; a plugging plug is elastically and radially installed on the rod wall of the positioning rod and is retracted into the rod wall in a normal state, and all the plugging plugs are opposite to the grouting holes on the grouting steel pipes; a bearing rod is axially and slidingly inserted into the center hole of each positioning rod, and when the bearing rod is inserted into the center hole, all the plugging plugs are correspondingly inserted into the grouting holes to form temporary closure. The application can perform safe and reliable construction operation on the micro pile support of the slope granular body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope granular disaster prevention, and particularly relates to a step-by-step energy dissipation support installation device for preventing slope granular disaster. BACKGROUND

[0002] The slope granular body is formed by strong weathering of sand particles and debris, and the main components are gravel and angular fragments with little clay content. Due to the weak intergranular cohesion, the slope granular body is prone to sliding under the action of gravity or tectonic movement, rainfall, human activities, etc., and accumulates at the position of the natural angle of repose. The slope granular body is easily disturbed and unstable by external disturbances. It is commonly found in economically underdeveloped western mountainous areas, especially in steep slope areas with strong weathering. When the slope granular body is subjected to rainfall or snowmelt, water penetration reduces the intergranular friction and increases the self-weight load. Earthquakes and other tectonic movements can shake and destroy the original balance of the loose accumulation body. Continuous weathering aggravates the separation of debris, weakens the stability of the slope, and leads to slope instability, threatening the safety of infrastructure such as roads and buildings, hindering traffic operation, and even forming a source of debris flow, exacerbating the risk of secondary disasters.

[0003] In engineering practice, comprehensive measures such as stabilizing the slope, intercepting debris, and draining water are usually adopted. For example, grouting is used to enhance the intergranular cementation and improve the stability of the slope. Corresponding retaining and drainage projects such as sand retaining walls and sheds are set up to intercept loose materials and reduce the probability of slope granular disaster. For example, a very effective support structure is described in Chinese patent CN115045304A, which mainly uses the arrangement of multiple micro piles to form a multi-level support structure along the development direction of the slope. The micro piles are formed by a triangular connection steel beam that collects three triangular grouting steel pipes arranged in an equilateral triangle. The tire is axially sleeved on the three grouting steel pipes, and the connection steel beam is used to position and install the tire. The grouting steel pipes are provided with grouting holes, and after high-pressure grouting, the micro piles are firmly fixed, the fractures of the bedrock and the pores of the granular body are filled, a grouting layer is formed, the looseness of the granular body is reduced, and the protection against slope granular disaster is greatly improved. This step-by-step energy dissipation support structure in the prior art effectively suppresses the loosening and sliding of the granular body. The use of waste tires directly in construction not only solves the problem of recycling waste tires, but also greatly improves the protection of the entire energy dissipation support structure by utilizing the toughness of the tires.

[0004] As the above prior art, as introduced in the specification, the grouting steel pipe used is directly punched into the bedrock layer by a machine, that is, the direct rock body penetration method of steel pipe pile installation is used instead of the drilling and pipe insertion grouting process. Compared with the direct installation of the grouting steel pipe after drilling, the close and firm nature of the steel pipe and the rock layer can be naturally maintained, but the grouting steel pipe needs to pass through the granular body layer and the bedrock layer. Since a series of grouting holes need to be opened in the grouting steel pipe in advance, the strength of the section of the grouting steel pipe provided with the grouting holes is poor, especially the length of the section of the grouting steel pipe installed into the bedrock and the length of the steel pipe deeply penetrating into the bedrock can reach 2m. At the same time, the load borne by the steel pipe in contact with the bedrock and forced to punch into the bedrock is large, so the grouting steel pipe is easy to bend and damage after being punched in.

[0005] Secondly, in the process of punching the grouting steel pipe into the rock layer, the grouting holes may be blocked by sand and gravel, especially the granular body itself is mostly gravel, which is extremely likely to block part of the hole. Although high-pressure grouting can be used, in such a relatively open environment (the mortar can flow out from the remaining grouting holes and the gaps in the granular body, so it is not a closed environment for high-pressure injection), gravel that is stuck in the grouting hole but not completely blocked is also not easy to be pressed out, especially when part of the gravel is squeezed into the grouting hole and enters the inside of the grouting steel pipe, it may accumulate in the lower section of the grouting steel pipe, resulting in a significant decrease in grouting efficiency and an inaccurate control of grouting speed, affecting normal grouting, and then the expected grouting layer cannot be obtained.

[0006] In addition, since the grouting steel pipe is directly punched into the rock layer by a machine on site, the deformation of the grouting steel pipe may not form a predetermined equilateral triangle, so that after the sleeve is sleeved on the grouting steel pipe, the steel pipe connecting beam cannot normally connect the three sleeves, resulting in that the steel pipe connecting beam needs to be measured and then processed on site, and then combined and welded, and the obtained structure is not a predetermined equilateral triangle structure.

[0007] Finally, if the grouting steel pipe mentioned in the prior art is punched into the bedrock by pure mechanical pressure, that is, the direct rock body penetration method is used, the bottom end of the general steel pipe is easy to be punched, and according to the structure described in the specification, problems may exist.

[0008] In summary, although the prior art can well play the step-by-step energy dissipation supporting effect in structure, there is a certain construction difficulty in construction, and there is a lack of professional and reliable construction tools to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0009] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a step-by-step energy dissipation supporting installation equipment for preventing and treating slope granular body disasters, so as to solve the problem that there is a lack of professional and reliable installation equipment when the prior art uses multiple micro piles to prevent and treat slope granular body disasters.

[0010] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0011] A step-by-step energy consumption supporting installation device for preventing and treating slope granular material disasters, comprising a mounting disc and three positioning rods in equilateral triangle distribution fixed vertically on the surface of the mounting disc, the positioning rods are axially slidingly inserted into the grouting steel pipe to be installed, and the three positioning rods are fixedly connected together by a positioning disc located below the mounting disc, and the positioning disc is arranged in parallel with the mounting disc; the positioning rod is a hollow tubular structure, and a plugging plug is elastically and radially mounted on the rod wall of the positioning rod, the plugging plug is retracted into the rod wall in normal state, so that the positioning rod can be freely inserted into the grouting steel pipe, and when the positioning disc is in contact with the top end surface of the grouting steel pipe, the positioning rod is inserted to the bottom, and all the plugging plugs are opposite to the grouting holes on the grouting steel pipe; a bearing rod is also axially slidingly inserted into the center hole of each positioning rod, when the bearing rod is inserted into the center hole, all the plugging plugs are inserted into the grouting holes one by one, so as to completely seal all the grouting holes, and the end surface of the plugging plug participates in forming the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe.

[0012] Further, the plugging plug comprises a plug head and a first sliding column, the plug head is used for sealing the grouting hole, one end of the first sliding column is fixed with the plug head, the other end is hemispherical, and in normal state, the first sliding column extends into the center hole, and a first reset tension spring connected with the plug head is arranged outside the first sliding column.

[0013] Further, a crushing cone is mounted at the bottom end of the positioning rod, the crushing cone is coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the grouting steel pipe, and the bottom end of the bearing rod is coaxially and detachably fixedly connected with the large end surface of the crushing cone.

[0014] Further, the grouting steel pipe and the positioning rod are axially slidingly connected through a sliding key, so that when the positioning rod is inserted into the grouting steel pipe, each plugging plug can be opposite to the grouting hole.

[0015] Further, a hollow alloy drill bit is coaxially mounted at the bottom end of the positioning rod, the alloy drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a plurality of secondary drill bodies arranged in an annular array in the drill bit body, the secondary drill bodies are elastically and radially arranged in the drill bit body, and in normal state, the secondary drill bodies are completely retracted into the drill bit body.

[0016] Further, the axial direction of the bearing rod is provided with a residue discharging hole, the axial direction of the drill bit body is provided with a stepped hole; the auxiliary drill body is fixedly connected with a second sliding column which is slidably arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit body, a second return spring is arranged outside the second sliding column and connected with the auxiliary drill body, the second return spring makes the hemispherical end of the second sliding column extend into the stepped hole of the drill bit body, so that when the bottom end of the bearing rod is inserted into the stepped hole and contacts with the step of the stepped hole, all the auxiliary drill bodies extend out of the drill bit body and the tip of the auxiliary drill body cannot be located inside the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe.

[0017] Further, when the bearing rod is inserted into the drill bit body, the tip of the auxiliary drill body is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe.

[0018] Further, a level is arranged on the mounting disc or the positioning disc, so that the equilateral triangle positions of the three grouting steel pipes can be confirmed by referring to the respective levels.

[0019] Further, the top end surface of the drill bit body is connected with the bottom end of the positioning rod by magnetic attraction, the bottom end of the bearing rod is connected with the stepped hole of the drill bit body by a transmission key, the transmission key is fixed on the bottom end surface of the bearing rod or the side wall close to the bottom end and is inserted into the corresponding slot in the stepped hole.

[0020] Further, the bottom end of the drill bit body is provided with a plurality of annular arrays of inclined surfaces, so that the bottom end surface of the drill bit body forms a horn structure with a large end downward, the horn structure is used for guiding the drill cuttings to flow into the residue discharging hole, and a spiral conveying groove or a residue discharging auger is arranged in the residue discharging hole.

[0021] The present application has the following advantages:

[0022] The step-by-step energy consumption support installation equipment for preventing and treating the slope granular material disaster can accurately position the three grouting steel pipes of each group of micro piles by the positioning rod, form a consistent equilateral triangle array, and also can be assisted by the level to correct the relative positions of all the micro piles, so that the inconsistent structure and position of all the micro piles during installation can be avoided, and the grouting hole is completely blocked by the additional blocking plug, so that the grouting is not affected by the gravel in the granular layer. In addition, the grouting steel pipe can be drilled and installed at the same time, which is not only efficient, but also can avoid the problems of pipe collapse and bending when the grouting steel pipe is mechanically punched into the bedrock, and improve the step-by-step energy consumption support effect after the installation of the micro pile.

[0023] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention when a group of micropiles are installed;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the first embodiment of the present invention when installing one of the grouting steel pipes;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a front view of a second embodiment of the present invention when installing one of the grouting steel pipes;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point C in the middle.

[0030] In the figure: grouting steel pipe 1, grouting hole 101, sleeve 2, steel pipe connecting beam 3, tire 4, positioning rod 5, center hole 501, mounting plate 6, positioning plate 7, sealing plug 8, plug 801, first reset spring 802, first slide column 803, crushing cone 9, alloy drill bit 10, drill bit body 1001, stepped hole 100101, inclined surface 100102, auxiliary drill body 1002, second slide column 1003, second reset spring 1004, transmission key 11, bearing rod 12, slag discharge hole 1201, spirit level 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] The following detailed description of embodiments of the application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. Based upon the embodiments of the application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without having to make creative efforts are within the scope of the application.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters refer to similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , the application provides a technical solution: a step-by-step energy dissipation support installation device for preventing and treating slope granular material disasters, mainly used for installing micro piles, specifically starting from the installation of the grouting steel pipes 1 of each micro pile, that is, the installation device mainly includes an installation disc 6 and three positioning rods 5 vertically fixed on the surface of the installation disc 6, which are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The three positioning rods 5 are fixed on the bottom end face of the installation disc 6. In use, all the positioning rods 5 are axially and slidingly inserted into the three grouting steel pipes 1 to be installed. Since the positioning rods 5 are arranged in an equilateral triangle, the three grouting steel pipes 1 can also be arranged in an equilateral triangle, ensuring the consistency of the structure of each micro pile. At the same time, in this embodiment, the three positioning rods 5 are fixedly connected together by a positioning disc 7 located below the installation disc 6, and the positioning disc 7 is arranged in parallel with the installation disc 6. Generally, the positioning disc 7 can slide axially along the positioning rods 5 until it is fixed by means of bolt fastening or the like, that is, the bolts are radially screwed into the positioning disc 7 and then come into contact with the positioning rods 5 in the positioning disc 7, completing the fixed installation. As shown in Figures 2-3 , the positioning rod 5 is a hollow tubular structure, and a plugging plug 8 is elastically and radially installed on the rod wall of the positioning rod 5. The plugging plug 8 is retracted into the rod wall in the normal state, so that the positioning rod 5 can be freely inserted into the grouting steel pipe 1. When the positioning disc 7 comes into contact with the top end face of the grouting steel pipe 1, that is, the positioning rod 5 is inserted to the bottom, at this time, all the plugging plugs 8 on the positioning rod 5 are all one-to-one opposite to all the grouting holes 101 on the grouting steel pipe 1, so as to extend into the grouting hole 101 and close the grouting steel pipe 1. In addition, a bearing rod 12 is axially and slidingly inserted into the center hole 501 of each positioning rod 5. When the bearing rod 12 is inserted into the center hole 501 (not shown in Figure 3 ), all the plugging plugs 8 are one-to-one inserted into the grouting holes 101, so as to completely close all the grouting holes 101, and the end face of the plugging plug 8 participates in forming the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe 1, so as to ensure that the grouting steel pipe 1 with all the grouting holes 101 closed is a regular circular pipe.

[0035] AsFigure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the sealing plug 8 comprises a plug 801 for sealing the grouting hole 101 and a first sliding column 803, one end of which is fixed to the plug 801 and the other end is semispherical to smoothly contact the bearing rod 12 inserted in use. The semispherical end extends into the central hole 501 in normal state to be in contact with the bearing rod 12 inserted in use. The first sliding column 803 is externally sleeved with a first reset tension spring 802 connected to the plug 801 to maintain the position in the above normal state.

[0036] In practice, for example, Figure 3 The bottom end of the positioning rod 5 is provided with a breaking cone 9 for directly impacting and inserting installation for rock layers with small hardness. The breaking cone 9 is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the grouting steel pipe 1, and the bottom end of the bearing rod 12 is coaxially and detachably fixed to the large end surface of the breaking cone 9, for example, directly spline or other structure axial insertion. This structure is mainly used for rock layers with small hardness, and has slight limitation. However, compared with general post-drilling insertion installation, the cooperation with the rock layer before grouting is undoubtedly more compact, and is more suitable for relatively soft rock layers, which can improve the fastening.

[0037] In order to facilitate the rapid installation of the positioning rod 5, the grouting steel pipe 1 and the positioning rod 5 can be axially slidably connected through a sliding key (not shown in the figure) to guide the positioning rod 5 to insert into the grouting steel pipe 1, so that each sealing plug 8 can face the grouting hole 101. The sliding key can be fixed to the side wall of the positioning rod 5, and the inner wall of the grouting steel pipe 1 is provided with a vertical sliding groove along which the sliding key moves, and the sliding key is arranged to be staggered with the grouting hole 101.

[0038] In practice, for example, Figures 4-6, the bottom end of the positioning rod 5 is coaxially mounted with an internally hollow alloy drill bit 10, so that when the grouting steel pipe 1 is installed, drilling is adopted, but unlike the conventional post-drilling installation, in this embodiment, drilling and installation are simultaneously performed. Specifically, the alloy drill bit 10 comprises a drill bit body 1001 and a plurality of auxiliary drill bodies 1002 which are arranged in an annular array in the drill bit body 1001, the drill bit body 1001 can drill into hard rock layers, and the auxiliary drill bodies 1002 are elastically and retractably arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit body 1001, and in the normal state, the auxiliary drill bodies 1002 are completely retracted into the drill bit body 1001, so that the drilling tool formed by the positioning rod 5 and the alloy drill bit 10 can be inserted into each grouting steel pipe 1 without any hindrance. In addition, the bearing rod 12 is provided with a slag discharge hole 1201 in the axial direction, which is used to discharge drill cuttings towards the surface of the rock-soil, and in use, a solid rod (not shown in the figure) can be inserted into the slag discharge hole 1201 to block it during the insertion stroke of drilling, for example, when the grouting steel pipe 1 is inserted into the granular layer, a solid rod can be inserted first, and when it cannot be inserted further towards the slope surface by mechanical pressure, the solid rod is pulled out, and then the alloy drill bit 10 is rotated to drill, and the grouting steel pipe 1 is inserted into the bedrock layer along with it, because the drill cuttings are not easy to block the slag discharge hole 1201. Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 6 , the drill bit body 1001 has a stepped hole 100101 in the axial direction, the auxiliary drill bodies 1002 are fixedly connected with a second sliding column 1003 which is slidably arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit body 1001, the second sliding column 1003 is externally sleeved with a second reset tension spring 1004 which is arranged in the drill bit body 1001 and connected with the auxiliary drill bodies 1002, and the second reset tension spring 1004 enables the hemispherical end of the second sliding column 1003 to extend into the stepped hole 100101 of the drill bit body 1001 in the non-working state. In use, when the bottom end of the bearing rod 12 is inserted into the stepped hole 100101 and contacts the step of the stepped hole 100101, all the auxiliary drill bodies 1002 extend out of the drill bit body 1001, and the tips of the auxiliary drill bodies 1002 cannot be located inside the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe 1 to completely cover the bottom end of the grouting steel pipe 1, so as to avoid the axial contact between the grouting steel pipe 1 and the bedrock layer, thereby achieving the drilling of the alloy drill bit 10 and the synchronous installation of the grouting steel pipe 1. In specific construction, it is preferred that when the bearing rod 12 is inserted into the drill bit body 1001, the tips of the auxiliary drill bodies 1002 are located on the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe 1, which can ensure that the grouting steel pipe 1 is in close contact with the bedrock layer.

[0039] In the embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1A level 13 is arranged on the installation disc 6 or the positioning disc 7, and the purpose is that during installation, the installer can refer to the corresponding level 13 of each group of micropiles to confirm whether the equilateral triangle positions of the three grouting steel pipes 1 are consistent. For example, a new group of micropiles formed by the three grouting steel pipes 1 is vertically installed on the slope surface, and then only the bubbles of the levels 13 on each group of micropiles need to be kept in the middle, so that some micropiles are not inclined, thereby affecting the overall effect of the support, which is very important.

[0040] In the above embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation of the alloy drill bit 10, the top end face of the drill bit body 1001 and the bottom end of the positioning rod 5 can be temporarily connected together by magnetic attraction, or temporarily installed by other detachable installation forms. During specific manufacturing, the bottom end of the bearing rod 12 and the stepped hole 100101 of the drill bit body 1001 can be drivingly connected through the transmission key 11, the transmission key 11 is fixed to the bottom end face or the side wall close to the bottom end of the bearing rod 12, and is inserted into the corresponding slot in the stepped hole 100101, to form a key transmission torque, so that when the external equipment drives the bearing rod 12 to rotate, the alloy drill bit 10 can be integrally rotated, and due to the magnetic connection of the aforementioned magnet, the rotation of the alloy drill bit 10 relative to the bottom end of the positioning rod 5 is not prevented, which is very ingenious. In order to better remove the drill cuttings, the bottom end of the drill bit body 1001 has a plurality of annular arrays of inclined surfaces 100102, so that the bottom end face of the drill bit body 1001 forms a large-end-down horn structure, the horn structure is used to guide the drill cuttings to enter and flow into the discharge hole 1201, and then be discharged, Figure 6 Figure 6 It is only a schematic diagram, and in actual use, the diameter of the discharge hole 1201 can be adaptively enlarged, and a spiral conveying groove (not shown in the figure) can also be arranged in the discharge hole 1201 to improve the drill cutting conveying effect, or a discharge auger (not shown in the figure) is coaxially and rotatably arranged, and the rotation of the discharge auger in the discharge hole 1201 can very quickly and actively discharge the drill cuttings, but this is generally used when the grouting pipe is punched into the bedrock layer to a depth of 2 meters or even more.

[0041] In the above description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present application is usually placed, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] ​In addition, the term "same" and the like do not mean that the components are absolutely the same, but there can be slight differences. The term "vertical" merely means that the positional relationship between the components is more vertical than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly inclined.

[0043] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A step-by-step energy-consuming support and installation device for preventing and controlling granular material disasters on slopes, characterized by: It comprises a mounting plate (6) and three positioning rods (5) vertically fixed on the surface of the mounting plate (6) and distributed in an equilateral triangle. The positioning rods (5) are inserted into the grouting steel pipe (1) to be installed in an axially sliding manner, and the three positioning rods (5) are fixedly connected together by a positioning plate (7) located below the mounting plate (6). The positioning plate (7) is arranged parallel to the mounting plate (6). The positioning rod (5) is an axially hollow tubular structure, and a sealing plug (8) is elastically and telescopically mounted on the rod wall of the positioning rod (5) along its radial direction. The sealing plug (8) retracts into the rod wall under normal conditions so that the positioning rod (5) can be freely inserted into the grouting steel pipe (1). When the positioning plate (7) contacts the top surface of the grouting steel pipe (1), the positioning rod (5) is inserted to the bottom, and all the sealing plugs (8) are aligned with the grouting holes (101) on the grouting steel pipe (1). A bearing rod (12) is also axially slidably inserted into the center hole (501) of each positioning rod (5); when the bearing rod (12) is inserted into the center hole (501), all the sealing plugs (8) are inserted into the grouting holes (101) in a one-to-one correspondence to completely seal all the grouting holes (101), and the end faces of the sealing plugs (8) participate in forming the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe (1); The sealing plug (8) includes a plug (801) and a first slide (803), wherein the plug (801) is used to seal the grouting hole (101), one end of the first slide (803) is fixed to the plug (801), and the other end is hemispherical and extends into the center hole (501) under normal conditions, and the first slide (803) is sleeved with a first return tension spring (802) connected to the plug (801); An alloy drill bit (10) with a hollow interior is coaxially mounted on the bottom end of the positioning rod (5). The alloy drill bit (10) comprises a drill bit body (1001) and a plurality of auxiliary drill bodies (1002) mounted in a ring array inside the drill bit body (1001). The auxiliary drill bodies (1002) are elastically telescopically arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit body (1001). In a normal state, the auxiliary drill bodies (1002) are completely retracted inside the drill bit body (1001). The bearing rod (12) is provided with a slag discharge hole (1201) in the axial direction, and the drill body (1001) is provided with a stepped hole (100101) in the axial direction; The auxiliary drill body (1002) is fixedly connected to a second slide post (1003) radially slidingly installed along the drill bit body (1001); a second return tension spring (1004) installed in the drill bit body (1001) and connected to the auxiliary drill body (1002) is sleeved on the outer side of the second slide post (1003); the second return tension spring (1004) allows the hemispherical end of the second slide post (1003) to extend into the stepped hole (100101) of the drill bit body (1001), so that when the bottom end of the bearing rod (12) is inserted into the stepped hole (100101) and contacts the step of the stepped hole (100101), all the auxiliary drill bodies (1002) extend out of the drill bit body (1001), and the tip of the auxiliary drill body (1002) cannot be located on the inner side of the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe (1).

2. The step-by-step energy dissipation support and installation equipment for preventing and controlling slope granular disasters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A crushing cone (9) is installed at the bottom end of the positioning rod (5), and the crushing cone (9) is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the grouting steel pipe (1). The bottom end of the bearing rod (12) is coaxially and detachably fixedly connected to the large end face of the crushing cone (9).

3. The step-by-step energy dissipation support and installation equipment for preventing and controlling slope granular disasters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grouting steel pipe (1) and the positioning rod (5) are axially slidably connected via a sliding key to guide the positioning rod (5) to be inserted into the grouting steel pipe (1) so that each of the sealing plugs (8) can face the grouting hole (101).

4. The step-by-step energy dissipation support and installation equipment for preventing and controlling slope granular disasters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the bearing rod (12) is inserted into the drill body (1001) and in place, the tip of the auxiliary drill body (1002) is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the grouting steel pipe (1).

5. The step-by-step energy dissipation support and installation equipment for preventing and controlling slope granular disasters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A level (13) is provided on the installation plate (6) or the positioning plate (7), so that during installation, the respective level (13) can be referenced to confirm whether the positions of the equilateral triangles of the three grouting steel pipes (1) are consistent.

6. The step-by-step energy dissipation support and installation equipment for preventing and controlling slope granular disasters according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top end surface of the drill body (1001) and the bottom end of the positioning rod (5) are connected together by attracting each other through magnets; the bottom end of the supporting rod (12) and the stepped hole (100101) of the drill body (1001) are connected by a transmission key (11); the transmission key (11) is fixed to the bottom end surface of the supporting rod (12) or the side wall close to the bottom end surface, and is plugged into a slot at a corresponding position in the stepped hole (100101).

7. The step-by-step energy dissipation support and installation equipment for preventing and controlling slope granular disasters according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the drill body (1001) has several annular arrays of inclined surfaces (100102), so that the bottom end surface of the drill body (1001) forms a bell-mouth structure with one end facing downward, and the bell-mouth structure is used to guide the drill cuttings into and flow into the slag discharge hole (1201); a spiral conveying trough or a slag discharge auger is also provided in the slag discharge hole (1201) for coaxial rotation.

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