A geological pressure support device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a geological pressure - applying support device for a tunnel foundation pit slope, which includes a combined pressure - applying main beam. The combined pressure - applying main beam includes a beam body. A plug - in groove is formed on one side of the beam body, and a plug - in block is fixedly connected to one end of the beam body; a pressure - applying support mechanism, which includes a first pressure - applying plate. The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel foundation pit construction. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art that it is impossible to flexibly combine according to the sizes and shapes of different foundation pits, and at the same time, the current support device cannot adjust the support force in real - time and accurately according to the actual force conditions of the slope. The achieved technical effect is that with the setting of the combined pressure - applying main beam, by using the plug - in groove and the plug - in block on the beam body, splicing and assembly can be conveniently carried out, and it can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual size and shape of the tunnel foundation pit, greatly improving the construction efficiency and the applicability of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel foundation pit construction, and particularly relates to a geological pressure-supporting device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit. Background Technique

[0002] Foundation pit engineering is a systematic project integrating geological engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, and geotechnical testing technology. Its main contents include: engineering investigation, design and construction of support structures, earth excavation and backfilling, groundwater control, information-based construction, and surrounding environmental protection, etc. The simplest and most economical method for foundation pit construction is to excavate with a large slope, but it is often restricted by site conditions and the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is necessary to design a support system to ensure the smooth progress of construction and better protect the surrounding environment. During the construction of tunnel foundation pit engineering, the stability of the slope is of crucial importance, which is directly related to the safety of construction personnel, the project progress, and the safety of the surrounding environment. Currently, there are many deficiencies in the existing geological pressure-supporting devices for the slopes of tunnel foundation pits.

[0003] Most traditional support main beams are of an integral structure and cannot be flexibly combined according to the sizes and shapes of different foundation pits. At the same time, the current support devices cannot adjust the support force in real time and accurately according to the actual stress conditions of the slope. When the geological conditions of the slope change or are affected by external factors, they cannot respond in a timely manner, easily leading to problems such as insufficient support or over-support, affecting the stability of the slope. At the same time, during the anchoring process of the existing anchor bolt mechanisms, they often cannot be well combined with the surrounding soil mass tightly, the anchoring force is limited, and phenomena such as anchor bolt loosening and pulling out are likely to occur, thus reducing the reliability of the entire support device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a geological pressure-supporting device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit to solve the above problems in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present invention, a geological pressure - supporting device for a tunnel foundation pit slope includes a combined pressure - applying main beam. The combined pressure - applying main beam includes a beam body. A plug - in groove is formed on one side of the beam body, and a plug - in block is fixedly connected to one end of the beam body; a pressure - supporting mechanism, which includes a first pressure - applying plate. A second guide tube is fixedly connected to the surface of the first pressure - applying plate, and a guide rod is slidably connected inside the second guide tube; a pressurizing mechanism, which includes a mounting plate. An airbag is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate, and a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting plate. The side of the pressure sensor away from the mounting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the first pressure - applying plate; an end - expansion anchor - nail mechanism, which includes an anchor - nail tube body driven deep into the tunnel foundation pit slope. A stress head is arranged at one end of the anchor - nail tube body, and expansion pieces are arranged on the surface of the anchor - nail tube body.

[0007] Further, the combined pressure - applying main beam further includes a first guide tube. The inner wall of the first guide tube is lapped with the surface of the anchor - nail tube body, and one side of the beam body is fixedly connected to one side of the first pressure - applying plate.

[0008] Further, the pressure - supporting mechanism further includes a limit block. One end of the guide rod is threadedly connected inside the limit block, and the other end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to a second pressure - applying plate.

[0009] Further, the structure of the second pressure - applying plate is the same as that of the first pressure - applying plate, and the side of the second pressure - applying plate away from the guide rod contacts the tunnel foundation pit slope.

[0010] Further, the first pressure - applying plate includes a plate body. A meshing combination groove is formed on one side of the plate body, and a meshing combination edge is arranged on the other side of the plate body.

[0011] Further, the pressurizing mechanism further includes an air - filling tube. One end of the air - filling tube is connected to the air - inlet of the airbag, and a one - way valve is arranged inside the air - filling tube.

[0012] Further, an air pump is arranged at the end of the air - filling tube away from the airbag, and the air pump is in signal connection with the pressure sensor.

[0013] Further, a pressurizing plate is fixedly connected to the side of the airbag away from the mounting plate, and one side of the pressurizing plate is lapped with the side of the second pressure - applying plate close to the guide rod.

[0014] Further, the end - expansion anchor - nail mechanism further includes an expansion block. The expansion block is arranged on the inner wall of the expansion piece, and a top - out rod is inserted into the anchor - nail tube body.

[0015] Further, one end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected with a plug rod. One end of the ejector rod close to the expansion block is set as a round head, and one side of the expansion block close to the ejector rod is set as a slope.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: Through the setting of the combined pressure - applying main beam, by using the insertion slots and insertion blocks on the beam body, it is convenient to carry out splicing and assembly, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual size and shape of the tunnel foundation pit, greatly improving the construction efficiency and the applicability of the device. The airbag and the pressure sensor in the pressure - applying mechanism cooperate with each other. The air pump can accurately control the inflation volume of the airbag according to the pressure information fed back by the pressure sensor, so as to realize the precise pressure - applying to the slope, ensuring that the supporting force always meets the requirements of slope stability. At the same time, the design of the second guide tube and the guide rod in the pressure - applying and supporting mechanism provides a stable guiding effect for the supporting process, ensuring that the second pressure - applying plate can accurately apply pressure to the slope, improving the stability and reliability of the support. And the design of the expansion piece and the expansion block of the end - part expansion anchor mechanism. When the ejector rod is inserted, the expansion block will cause the expansion piece to expand outwards and tightly combine with the surrounding soil, greatly improving the anchoring force of the anchor bolt and enhancing the stability of the entire support device, making it more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front - view structural schematic diagram of the installation state of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation state of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is an exploded - view structural schematic diagram of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure - applying and supporting mechanism of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure - applying mechanism of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a single - section beam body of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a cross - sectional structural schematic diagram of the end - part expansion anchor mechanism of a tunnel foundation - pit slope geological pressure - applying and supporting device provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8A geological pressure support device for a tunnel foundation pit slope provided by the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of the place A in

[0025] In the figure: 11, beam body; 12, insertion slot; 13, insertion block; 14, first guide tube; 21, plate body; 22, meshing combination groove; 23, meshing combination edge; 24, second guide tube; 25, guide rod; 26, limit block; 27, second pressure plate; 31, mounting plate; 32, pressure sensor; 33, airbag; 34, air charging tube; 35, air pump; 36, one-way valve; 37, pressure plate; 41, anchor nail tube body; 42, stress head; 43, expansion piece; 44, expansion block; 45, ejecting rod; 46, inserting rod. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0027] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, a geological pressure support device for a tunnel foundation pit slope in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes a combined pressure main beam, the combined pressure main beam includes a beam body 11, an insertion slot 12 is opened on one side of the beam body 11, and an insertion block 13 is fixedly connected to one end of the beam body 11; a pressure support mechanism, the pressure support mechanism includes a first pressure plate, a second guide tube 24 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first pressure plate, and a guide rod 25 is slidably connected inside the second guide tube 24; a pressurizing mechanism, the pressurizing mechanism includes a mounting plate 31, an airbag 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate 31, a pressure sensor 32 is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting plate 31, and the side of the pressure sensor 32 away from the mounting plate 31 is fixedly connected to the side of the first pressure plate; an end expansion anchor nail mechanism, the end expansion anchor nail mechanism includes an anchor nail tube body 41 deeply inserted into the tunnel foundation pit slope, a stress head 42 is arranged at one end of the anchor nail tube body 41, and expansion pieces 43 are arranged on the surface of the anchor nail tube body 41;

[0028] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that the first pressing plate is composed of a plate body 21, an engaging combination groove 22, and an engaging combination edge 23. It is slidably connected to the guide rod 25 through the second guide tube 24 on its surface. One end of the guide rod 25 is fixedly connected to the second pressing plate 27, and the other end is threadedly connected to the guide rod 25 through a limit block 26 for limiting to prevent the guide rod 25 from being excessively pulled out. When the device starts to work, the second guide tube 24 provides stable guidance for the axial movement of the guide rod 25, ensuring that the second pressing plate 27 can accurately move in a direction perpendicular to the slope and apply uniform pressure to the slope;

[0029] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments are as follows: When the device starts to work, the second guide tube 24 provides stable guidance for the axial movement of the guide rod 25, ensuring that the second pressing plate 27 can accurately move in a direction perpendicular to the slope and apply uniform pressure to the slope. Embodiment 2

[0030] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, a geological pressure - applying and supporting device for a tunnel foundation pit slope includes all the contents of Embodiment 1. In addition, the combined pressure - applying main beam further includes a first guide tube 14. The inner wall of the first guide tube 14 overlaps with the surface of the anchor tube body 41. One side of the beam body 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the first pressing plate. The pressure - applying and supporting mechanism further includes a limit block 26. The inside of the limit block 26 is threadedly connected to one end of the guide rod 25. The other end of the guide rod 25 is fixedly connected to a second pressing plate 27. The structure of the second pressing plate 27 is the same as that of the first pressing plate. The side of the second pressing plate 27 away from the guide rod 25 contacts the tunnel foundation pit slope. The first pressing plate includes a plate body 21. One side of the plate body 21 is provided with an engaging combination groove 22, and the other side of the plate body 21 is provided with an engaging combination edge 23;

[0031] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that during pressurization, the pressure sensor 32 on one side of the mounting plate 31 monitors the pressure value applied to the first pressing plate in real - time, and thus indirectly detects the pressure of the second pressing plate 27 on the slope. When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 32 is lower than the preset threshold, the pressure sensor 32 sends a signal to the air pump 35. The air pump 35 inflates the airbag 33 through the inflation tube 34. After the airbag 33 expands, it pushes the pressure - applying plate 37. Since the pressure - applying plate 37 overlaps with the side of the second pressing plate 27 close to the limit block 26, the expansion force of the airbag 33 is transmitted to the second pressing plate 27, causing it to move towards the slope direction and apply greater pressure. The one - way valve 36 is arranged inside the inflation tube 34 to prevent the gas in the airbag 33 from flowing back and ensure the stable maintenance of pressure. When the pressure sensor 32 detects that the pressure reaches the set value, the air pump 35 stops working, realizing precise closed - loop control of the supporting force on the slope and making it more convenient to use;

[0032] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments are as follows: The expansion force of the airbag 33 is transmitted to the second pressing plate 27, causing it to move towards the slope direction and exert a greater pressure, preventing the gas in the airbag 33 from flowing back, ensuring the stable maintenance of pressure. When the pressure sensor 32 detects that the pressure reaches the set value, the air pump 35 stops working, realizing the precise closed-loop control of the supporting force for the slope, making it more convenient to use. Embodiment 3

[0033] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, a geological pressure application and support device for a tunnel foundation pit slope includes all the contents of Embodiment 2. In addition, the pressurizing mechanism further includes an air charging pipe 34. One end of the air charging pipe 34 is connected to the air inlet of the airbag 33. A one-way valve 36 is arranged inside the air charging pipe 34. The end of the air charging pipe 34 away from the airbag 33 is provided with an air pump 35. The air pump 35 is in signal connection with the pressure sensor 32. The side of the airbag 33 away from the mounting plate 31 is fixedly connected with a pressing plate 37. One side of the pressing plate 37 abuts against the side of the second pressing plate 27 close to the guide rod 25. The end expansion anchor mechanism further includes an expansion block 44. The expansion block 44 is arranged on the inner wall of the expansion sheet 43. A top rod 45 is inserted into the anchor pipe body 41. One end of the top rod 45 is fixedly connected with an inserting rod 46. The end of the top rod 45 close to the expansion block 44 is set as a round head. The side of the expansion block 44 close to the top rod 45 is set as a slope.

[0034] In the above embodiments, it should be noted that construction workers can splice multiple beam bodies 11 by inserting the inserting blocks 13 into the inserting grooves 12 of adjacent beam bodies according to the actual length and shape of the tunnel foundation pit to form a combined pressure application main beam with a suitable length. During splicing, the cooperation between the inserting blocks 13 and the inserting grooves 12 realizes rapid positioning and connection without complex tools. At the same time, the first guide pipe 14 on one side of the beam body 11 abuts against the anchor pipe body 41, playing a role of preliminary positioning and support to ensure that the anchor pipe body 41 is driven into the slope along the preset direction. The anchor pipe body 41 is deeply nailed into the tunnel foundation pit slope. The anchor pipe body 41 is driven deep into the soil by knocking the force-bearing head 42. Subsequently, the top rod 45 is inserted into the anchor pipe body 41 manually or mechanically through the inserting rod 46. Since the end of the top rod 45 close to the expansion block 44 is a round head and the side of the expansion block 44 close to the top rod 45 is a slope, as the top rod 45 is inserted, its round head pushes the expansion block 44 to move outwards, thereby squeezing the expansion sheet 43 to expand outwards. After the expansion sheet 43 expands, it closely adheres to the surrounding soil, significantly increasing the friction between the anchor pipe body 41 and the soil and achieving a firm anchoring effect.

[0035] The technical effects achieved by the above embodiments are as follows: Significantly increasing the friction between the anchor pipe body 41 and the soil and achieving a firm anchoring effect.

[0036] Working principle: Construction workers can splice multiple beam bodies 11 by inserting the insertion blocks 13 into the insertion slots 12 of adjacent beam bodies according to the actual length and shape of the tunnel foundation pit to form a combined pressing main beam of appropriate length. During splicing, the cooperation between the insertion block 13 and the insertion slot 12 enables quick positioning and connection without complex tools. At the same time, the first guide tube 14 on one side of the beam body 11 overlaps with the anchor tube body 41, playing a role in preliminary positioning and support to ensure that the anchor tube body 41 is driven into the slope along the preset direction. The anchor tube body 41 is deeply nailed into the slope of the tunnel foundation pit. The anchor tube body 41 is driven deeper into the soil by knocking the stress head 42. Subsequently, the ejector rod 45 is inserted into the anchor tube body 41 manually or mechanically driven through the insertion rod 46. Since one end of the ejector rod 45 close to the expansion block 44 is a round head, and one side of the expansion block 44 close to the ejector rod 45 is a slope, as the ejector rod 45 is inserted, its round head pushes the expansion block 44 to move outwards, thereby squeezing the expansion sheet 43 to expand outwards. After the expansion sheet 43 expands, it fits tightly with the surrounding soil, significantly increasing the friction between the anchor tube body 41 and the soil and achieving a firm anchoring effect. The first pressure plate is composed of a plate body 21, an engaging combination groove 22, and an engaging combination edge 23, and is slidably connected to the guide rod 25 through the second guide tube 24 on its surface. One end of the guide rod 25 is fixedly connected to the second pressure plate 27, and the other end is threadedly connected to the guide rod 25 through the limit block 26 for limiting to prevent the guide rod 25 from being overly withdrawn. When the device starts working, the second guide tube 24 provides stable guidance for the axial movement of the guide rod 25 to ensure that the second pressure plate 27 can move precisely along the direction perpendicular to the slope and apply uniform pressure to the slope. During pressurization, the pressure sensor 32 on one side of the mounting plate 31 monitors the pressure value applied to the first pressure plate in real time, and indirectly detects the pressure of the second pressure plate 27 on the slope. When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 32 is lower than the preset threshold, the pressure sensor 32 sends a signal to the air pump 35, and the air pump 35 inflates the airbag 33 through the inflation tube 34. After the airbag 33 expands, it pushes the pressure plate 37. Since the pressure plate 37 overlaps with one side of the second pressure plate 27 close to the limit block 26, the expansion force of the airbag 33 is transmitted to the second pressure plate 27, causing it to move towards the slope direction and apply greater pressure. The one-way valve 36 is arranged inside the inflation tube 34 to prevent the gas in the airbag 33 from flowing back and ensure the stable maintenance of the pressure. When the pressure sensor 32 detects that the pressure reaches the set value, the air pump 35 stops working, realizing precise closed-loop control of the support force on the slope and making it more convenient to use.

Claims

1. A geological pressure support device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit, characterized in that, including a combined pressure - applying main beam, the combined pressure - applying main beam includes a beam body (11), a plug - in slot (12) is formed on one side of the beam body (11), a plug - in block (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the beam body (11), the combined pressure - applying main beam further includes a first guide tube (14), the inner wall of the first guide tube (14) is lapped with the surface of the anchor - nail tube body (41), and one side of the beam body (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the first pressure - applying plate; a pressure - applying support mechanism, the pressure - applying support mechanism includes a first pressure - applying plate, a second guide tube (24) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first pressure - applying plate, a guide rod (25) is slidably connected inside the second guide tube (24), the pressure - applying support mechanism further includes a limit block (26), one end of the guide rod (25) is threadedly connected to the inside of the limit block (26), the other end of the guide rod (25) is fixedly connected to a second pressure - applying plate (27), the structure of the second pressure - applying plate (27) is the same as that of the first pressure - applying plate, and the side of the second pressure - applying plate (27) away from the guide rod (25) contacts the tunnel foundation pit slope; a pressurizing mechanism, the pressurizing mechanism includes a mounting plate (31), an air bag (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate (31), a pressure sensor (32) is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting plate (31), and the side of the pressure sensor (32) away from the mounting plate (31) is fixedly connected to one side of the first pressure - applying plate; an end - expanding anchor - nail mechanism, the end - expanding anchor - nail mechanism includes an anchor - nail tube body (41) driven deep into the tunnel foundation pit slope, a stress head (42) is arranged at one end of the anchor - nail tube body (41), expansion sheets (43) are arranged on the surface of the anchor - nail tube body (41), the end - expanding anchor - nail mechanism further includes an expansion block (44), the expansion block (44) is arranged inside the expansion sheet (43), a jacking rod (45) is inserted into the anchor - nail tube body (41), a plug - in rod (46) is fixedly connected to one end of the jacking rod (45), the end of the jacking rod (45) close to the expansion block (44) is set as a round head, and the side of the expansion block (44) close to the jacking rod (45) is set as a slope.

2. The geological pressure support device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein, The first pressure - applying plate includes a plate body (21), a meshing combination groove (22) is formed on one side of the plate body (21), and a meshing combination edge (23) is arranged on the other side of the plate body (21).

3. The geological pressure support device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that The pressurizing mechanism further includes an air - filling pipe (34), one end of the air - filling pipe (34) is connected to the air - inlet of the air bag (33), and a one - way valve (36) is arranged inside the air - filling pipe (34).

4. A geological pressure support device for a tunnel foundation pit slope according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the air - filling pipe (34) away from the air bag (33) is provided with an air pump (35), and the air pump (35) is in signal connection with the pressure sensor (32).

5. A geological pressure-supporting device for the slope of a tunnel foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that, One side of the air bag (33) away from the mounting plate (31) is fixedly connected to a pressure - applying plate (37), and one side of the pressure - applying plate (37) is lapped with the side of the second pressure - applying plate (27) close to the guide rod (25).

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