Construction method for split decorative bricks of outer wall of infilled wall

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building wall construction, and discloses a filler wall outer wall split decorative brick construction method which comprises the following steps: step 1, deepening design of a prefabricated part; 2, installing an intelligent positioning system; 3, assembling a composite base layer; step 4, modular installation of the split bricks; 5, self-adaptive expansion joint treatment is carried out; step 6, dynamic stress monitoring; step 7, carrying out a self-repairing pointing process; 8, full-period environment-friendly control is conducted, a sustainable maintenance mechanism is formed through system integration of the self-repairing pointing technology and the full-period environment-friendly control, three or more times of self-repairing circulation can be achieved through a microcapsule joint mixture (the fracture threshold value is 0.1 mm and the crack width is 0.1 mm), and the service life of the pointing part is prolonged to 25 years or more; through cooperative application of photovoltaic driving construction equipment (the conversion efficiency is 22%) and a waste classification recycling system (the recycling rate is larger than or equal to 90%), the carbon emission in the construction stage is reduced by 45%, and therefore deep integration of decoration engineering and green building is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building wall construction, in particular to a method for constructing split decorative bricks for an exterior wall of a filling wall. Background Art

[0002] In the construction process of split decorative bricks for filling walls and exterior walls, crack control is a key issue. Although the existing construction methods have solved the crack problem to a certain extent, there are still some shortcomings. First, the construction process is complicated and requires the cooperation of multiple steps and multiple materials, which increases the difficulty and cost of construction. Secondly, crack control is difficult. Due to the limitations of materials and construction technology, the existing methods have certain difficulties in controlling cracks, especially in large-scale construction. Finally, the construction quality is difficult to guarantee. Due to the uneven technical level of construction personnel and the uncertainty of the construction site environment, the existing construction methods are difficult to guarantee the quality of each process, which leads to the generation of cracks.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a new construction method for split decorative bricks on the exterior wall of the infill wall. This method aims to effectively control the generation of cracks and improve the overall performance of the wall by optimizing the construction process and improving the material selection. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for constructing split decorative bricks for an infill wall exterior wall, which has the advantage of reducing the difficulty of crack control and solves the problem of difficulty in crack control in traditional construction methods.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for constructing split decorative bricks for an infill wall exterior wall, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Deepen the design of prefabricated components;

[0009] Step 2: Install the intelligent positioning system;

[0010] Step 3: Composite base assembly;

[0011] Step 4: Modular installation of split bricks;

[0012] Step 5: Adaptive expansion joint processing;

[0013] Step 6: Dynamic stress monitoring;

[0014] Step 7: Self-repairing grouting process;

[0015] Step 8: Full-cycle environmental control.

[0016] Preferably, the in-depth design of prefabricated components in step one includes: generating a three-dimensional layout diagram of split bricks based on the BIM model to optimize the proportion of special-shaped bricks; matching design of prefabricated assembled steel skeletons with embedded slots of split bricks; and setting embedded conductive circuits for later monitoring.

[0017] Preferably, the installation of the intelligent positioning system in step 2 includes: using a laser grid locator to project a three-dimensional reference line; installing an adjustable positioning fixture and fixing it by magnetic attraction; and setting a temperature and humidity sensor to monitor the status of the base layer in real time.

[0018] Preferably, the composite base assembly in step three includes: the base adopts a composite structure of honeycomb aluminum plate and carbon fiber grid; the anchoring adopts memory alloy expansion bolts to produce pre-tightening displacement at a temperature ≥40°C; the interface treatment adopts nano-silica sol penetrant with a penetration depth ≥5mm.

[0019] Preferably, the modular installation of the split bricks in step 4 includes: pre-installed unit size 600mm×1200mm, integrating 8 to 12 split bricks; using a vacuum suction cup robot arm for lifting; and connecting nodes using conductive flame-retardant glue to achieve electrical connectivity.

[0020] Preferably, the adaptive expansion joint processing in step five includes: setting shape memory polymer strips, the expansion rate of which can reach 20% at 30-35°C; filling piezoelectric ceramic particles to generate early warning signals through stress changes; and covering the surface with an elastic silicone film with a transmittance of ≥85%.

[0021] Preferably, the dynamic stress monitoring in step six includes: implanting fiber grating sensors and arranging them along the diagonal; feeding back data to the monitoring platform in real time through a wireless transmission module; setting the warning threshold to a strain value ≥ 200 με or a temperature change ≥ 15°C / h.

[0022] Preferably, the self-repairing grouting process in step seven includes: using a microcapsule-type grouting agent containing an epoxy resin repair liquid; controlling the grouting depth to be 1 / 3 of the brick thickness; and forming a hydrophobic surface after ultraviolet curing.

[0023] Preferably, the full-cycle environmental protection control in step eight includes: real-time monitoring of construction dust concentration; waste classification recovery rate ≥ 90%; and use of photovoltaic-driven construction equipment.

[0024] Preferably, the method is applicable to the following scenarios: prefabricated building exterior walls; coastal areas with high salt fog; extreme climate areas with a day-night temperature difference of >25°C.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for constructing split decorative bricks for an infill wall exterior wall, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention realizes millimeter-level precision control (error ≤ 2mm) of modular installation of split bricks through the coordinated application of prefabricated component in-depth design and intelligent positioning system. The three-dimensional layout optimization based on BIM model reduces the proportion of special-shaped bricks to less than 5%, reducing stress concentration caused by dimensional deviation. The coordinated use of laser grid locator (accuracy ±0.5mm) and adjustable magnetic fixture reduces installation deviation by 70% compared with traditional processes, thereby effectively suppressing the risk of crack expansion caused by positioning error.

[0027] 2. The present invention constructs a dynamic stress release system through the integrated innovation of composite base assembly and adaptive expansion joints. The combined design of honeycomb aluminum plate-carbon fiber grid composite base (bending stiffness increased by 2.3 times) and shape memory polymer strips (expansion rate 20% at 35°C) can absorb more than 80% of temperature deformation stress; the stress-electric signal conversion function of piezoelectric ceramic particles (sensitivity 0.5mV / N) shortens the warning response time of the crack initiation stage to within 30 minutes, which is 90% more efficient than traditional visual inspection.

[0028] 3. The present invention forms a sustainable maintenance mechanism through the system integration of self-repairing grouting process and full-cycle environmental protection control. The microcapsule sealant (rupture threshold 0.1mm crack width) can achieve more than 3 self-repair cycles, extending the service life of the grouting part to more than 25 years; the coordinated application of photovoltaic-driven construction equipment (conversion efficiency 22%) and waste classification and recycling system (recycling rate ≥90%) reduces carbon emissions during the construction phase by 45%, thereby realizing the deep integration of decoration engineering and green construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a construction flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , a method for constructing split decorative bricks for filling walls and exterior walls, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Deepen the design of prefabricated components;

[0033] Step 2: Install the intelligent positioning system;

[0034] Step 3: Composite base assembly;

[0035] Step 4: Modular installation of split bricks;

[0036] Step 5: Adaptive expansion joint processing;

[0037] Step 6: Dynamic stress monitoring;

[0038] Step 7: Self-repairing grouting process;

[0039] Step 8: Full-cycle environmental control.

[0040] Example

[0041] Specifically, the in-depth design of prefabricated components in step one includes: generating a three-dimensional layout diagram of split bricks based on the BIM model (error ≤ 2mm), optimizing the proportion of special-shaped bricks (≤ 5%); matching the prefabricated assembled steel frame (cross-sectional size 50mm×30mm, spacing 600mm) with the embedded slots of split bricks (depth 8mm); setting up embedded conductive lines (wire diameter 0.5mm) for later monitoring.

[0042] Specifically, the installation of the intelligent positioning system in step 2 includes: using a laser grid locator (accuracy ±0.5mm) to project a three-dimensional reference line; installing an adjustable positioning fixture (adjustment amount ±15mm) and fixing it by magnetic attraction; setting a temperature and humidity sensor (range -20℃~80℃) to monitor the status of the base layer in real time.

[0043] Specifically, the composite base assembly in step three includes: the base layer adopts a composite structure of honeycomb aluminum plate (thickness 12mm) and carbon fiber grid (mesh 20mm×20mm); the anchoring adopts memory alloy expansion bolts (diameter 8mm), which produce a 0.3mm pre-tightening displacement at a temperature ≥40°C; the interface treatment adopts nano-silica sol penetrant (particle size ≤50nm), and the penetration depth is ≥5mm.

[0044] Specifically, the modular installation of the split bricks in step 4 includes: pre-installed unit size 600mm×1200mm, integrating 8 to 12 split bricks; using a vacuum suction cup robot arm (positioning accuracy ±0.2mm) for lifting; connecting nodes using conductive flame retardant glue (resistivity ≤10Ω·cm) to achieve electrical connectivity.

[0045] Specifically, the adaptive expansion joint processing in step five includes: setting shape memory polymer strips (width 15mm), the expansion rate of which can reach 20% at 30-35°C; filling piezoelectric ceramic particles (particle size 1-3mm) to generate early warning signals through stress changes; and covering the surface with an elastic silicone film (thickness 1.2mm) with a transmittance ≥85%.

[0046] Specifically, the dynamic stress monitoring in step six includes: implanting fiber grating sensors (sensitivity 1pm / με) and arranging them along the diagonal (spacing 800mm); feeding back the data to the monitoring platform in real time through a wireless transmission module (transmission distance ≥100m); setting the warning threshold to a strain value ≥200με or a temperature change ≥15℃ / h.

[0047] Specifically, the self-repairing grouting process in step seven includes: using a microcapsule-type grouting agent (capsule diameter 50-80 μm) containing epoxy resin repair liquid; controlling the grouting depth to 1 / 3 of the brick thickness (error ±0.5 mm); UV curing (wavelength 365 nm, intensity ≥50 mW / cm 2 ) to form a hydrophobic surface (contact angle ≥ 120°).

[0048] Specifically, the full-cycle environmental protection control in step eight includes: real-time monitoring of construction dust concentration (PM2.5≤50μg / m 3 ); waste classification recycling rate ≥ 90%; use photovoltaic-driven construction equipment (conversion efficiency ≥ 22%).

[0049] Specifically, the method is applicable to the following scenarios: prefabricated building exterior walls (prefabrication rate ≥ 60%); coastal high salt fog areas (chloride ion concentration ≥ 500mg / m 3 ); Extreme climate areas with a temperature difference between day and night > 25°C.

[0050] According to the above process, the scheme implementation example was formulated and implemented, and all the implementation examples were evaluated for the construction method of the exterior wall split decorative bricks. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1:

[0051] Table 1

[0052]

[0053] 1. Prefabricated building exterior walls (prefabrication rate ≥ 60%)

[0054] Construction accuracy: reached ±1.5mm, which is at an excellent level. This is mainly due to the high accuracy of the three-dimensional layout of the split bricks generated based on the BIM model (error ≤ 2mm), the high accuracy of the laser grid locator (±0.5mm) in the installation of the intelligent positioning system, and the small adjustment amount of the adjustable positioning fixture (±15mm), which ensures the precise positioning of the prefabricated components during the installation process.

[0055] Construction efficiency: The construction period was 10% ahead of schedule, with obvious advantages. This is due to the factory production of prefabricated components, which reduced the on-site construction time. At the same time, the close cooperation between various construction links and the efficient construction process design, such as the efficient connection between the composite base assembly and the modular installation of split bricks, improved the overall construction speed.

[0056] Durability: It is expected that there will be no obvious damage in 30 years, and the durability is good. This is closely related to the selection of high-quality materials and reasonable structural design. For example, the base layer adopts a composite structure of honeycomb aluminum plate and carbon fiber grid, and the anchoring adopts memory alloy expansion bolts. These materials and structural measures can effectively resist the erosion of external environmental factors and ensure the long-term stability of the wall.

[0057] Environmental indicators: PM2.5 is 45μg / m 3 , the waste recycling rate reached 92%. The real-time monitoring measures of dust concentration and the waste classification and recycling mechanism adopted during the construction process effectively controlled dust pollution and improved resource utilization, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0058] Stress warning accuracy: up to 98%, high reliability. The fiber grating sensor has high sensitivity (1pm / με), which can accurately monitor the stress changes of the wall and send out warning signals in time to ensure the safety of the wall.

[0059] Self-repairing effect of grouting: The repair rate is 95%. The microcapsule-type grout forms a hydrophobic surface after UV curing, and can effectively self-repair when cracks appear in the wall, ensuring the waterproof performance and appearance integrity of the wall.

[0060] 2. Coastal high salt fog areas (chloride ion concentration ≥ 500mg / m 3 )

[0061] Construction accuracy: ±1.8mm, which is at a good level. Despite the harsh environment in coastal areas, measures such as optimizing the proportion of special-shaped bricks (≤5%) and matching the steel skeleton with the embedded slots in the in-depth design of prefabricated components help improve construction accuracy. At the same time, the high-precision equipment of the intelligent positioning system also plays an important role.

[0062] Construction efficiency: The construction period was advanced by 8%, which is quite impressive. Considering the challenges such as corrosion risks faced by construction in coastal areas, the construction efficiency can still be maintained at a high level, thanks to the rationality of the construction process and the efficient execution of each process. For example, the use of nano-silica sol penetrant in the assembly of the composite base layer not only ensures the anti-corrosion performance of the base layer, but also does not cause too much impact on the construction efficiency.

[0063] Durability: It is expected to last for 25 years without obvious damage, which is an excellent performance. In view of the high salt fog environment in the coastal area, the honeycomb aluminum plate and carbon fiber grid composite structure used in the base layer has certain anti-corrosion performance, and the adaptability of the memory alloy expansion bolts at different temperatures also helps to maintain the stability of the wall structure, effectively extending the service life of the wall.

[0064] Environmental indicators: PM2.5 is 48μg / m 3, the waste recycling rate was 91%. The dust concentration and waste treatment were still well controlled in the harsh environment, reflecting the effectiveness of environmental protection measures during the construction process, such as real-time monitoring of dust concentration and watering and dust reduction according to the situation.

[0065] Stress warning accuracy: up to 97%, which can meet the needs of safety monitoring. Fiber Bragg grating sensors are arranged along the diagonal line, which can timely capture the stress changes of the wall caused by factors such as salt spray corrosion, accurately issue warning signals, and provide a basis for taking corresponding maintenance measures.

[0066] Self-repairing effect of grouting: The repair rate is 93%. Microcapsule-type grouting agent performs well in dealing with the corrosion effects of coastal high salt fog environment, and can achieve self-repair of grouting to a certain extent, ensuring the overall performance of the wall.

[0067] 3. Areas with large temperature difference between day and night (temperature difference between day and night > 25℃)

[0068] Construction accuracy: ±2.0mm, which is at an acceptable level. Although the large temperature difference between day and night has a certain impact on the construction accuracy, it can still be guaranteed to be within the acceptable range through a series of measures. For example, the application of shape memory polymer strips in the adaptive expansion joint treatment can compensate for the deformation caused by the temperature difference to a certain extent. At the same time, the accuracy control measures in other construction links also play a role.

[0069] Construction efficiency: 5% ahead of schedule, a certain improvement. This shows that the construction process can still maintain a certain efficiency when dealing with the unfavorable condition of large temperature difference between day and night. The coordination and optimization between various processes enable the construction to proceed smoothly without serious delays due to temperature difference problems.

[0070] Durability: It is expected that there will be no obvious damage in 20 years, which basically meets the requirements. Considering the thermal expansion and contraction of materials caused by the large temperature difference between day and night, the selected materials such as honeycomb aluminum panels, carbon fiber grids, etc. and the corresponding structural measures such as setting memory alloy expansion bolts with good temperature adaptability can alleviate the impact of temperature difference on the wall to a certain extent and extend the service life of the wall.

[0071] Environmental indicators: PM2.5 is 50μg / m 3 , the waste recycling rate is 90%. Under extreme climatic conditions, the construction process still pays attention to environmental protection control and adopts corresponding dust control and waste treatment measures to reduce the impact on the environment.

[0072] Stress warning accuracy: up to 96%, which can effectively monitor wall stress changes. The fiber grating sensors and wireless transmission modules in the dynamic stress monitoring system can still operate stably under the condition of large temperature difference between day and night, accurately collect and feedback data, and timely discover potential safety hazards.

[0073] Self-repairing effect of grouting: The repair rate is 90%. Microcapsule-type grouting agent can play a certain self-repairing role in this environment, but due to the large temperature difference, it may have a certain impact on the material performance. The repair rate is slightly lower than the previous two scenarios, but it can still effectively improve the performance of the wall.

[0074] Advantages: This construction method performs well on prefabricated building exterior walls and coastal high salt fog areas. It has high construction precision, strong durability, and meets environmental protection indicators. Intelligent construction systems (such as dynamic stress monitoring and self-repairing grouting) improve construction quality and subsequent maintenance efficiency.

[0075] According to the technical requirements of the construction method, three typical implementation examples are designed to cover different application scenarios, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078] Verification of key parameters during implementation

[0079] 1. In-depth design of prefabricated components:

[0080] (1) BIM model error: The measured error of Example 1 is 1.8 mm, and the proportion of special-shaped bricks is 4.2%, which meets the design requirements;

[0081] (2) Conductive line connectivity: Examples 1 and 3 both achieved 100% connectivity, while Example 2 resulted in 0.5% line failure due to salt spray corrosion;

[0082] 2. Intelligent positioning system:

[0083] (1) Laser grid accuracy: within ±0.5 mm in all cases;

[0084] (2) Temperature and humidity sensor response: In Example 2, the data transmission delay increases to 2 s (design threshold ≤ 1 s) in a high humidity environment (> 85% RH);

[0085] 3. Composite base assembly:

[0086] (1) Preload force of memory alloy bolt: Example 3 produces a displacement of 0.32 mm (design value 0.3 mm) at 40°C;

[0087] (2) Nano-silica sol penetration depth: Example 2 measured 4.8 mm (design value ≥ 5 mm), and the number of coatings needs to be increased;

[0088] 4. Modular installation:

[0089] (1) Robot arm positioning accuracy: Examples 1 and 3 reach ±0.15 mm, while Example 2 has a deviation of 0.3 mm due to sea breeze interference.

[0090] (2) Resistivity of conductive flame retardant rubber: 8Ω·cm (design value ≤10Ω·cm) measured in Example 1;

[0091] 5. Adaptive expansion joints:

[0092] (1) Shape memory polymer expansion rate: Example 3 has an expansion rate of 21% at 35°C (design value 20%);

[0093] (2) Silicone film transmittance: The actual measured value in Example 2 is 83% (design value ≥ 85%), and a material with higher transmittance needs to be replaced;

[0094] 6. Dynamic stress monitoring:

[0095] (1) FBG sensitivity: Example 3 triggers an early warning at a strain of 180 με (design threshold 200 με), and the sensor parameters need to be calibrated;

[0096] (2) Wireless transmission distance: In Example 2, the transmission distance is shortened to 80 m (design value ≥ 100 m) in a seaside environment;

[0097] 7. Self-repairing grouting:

[0098] (1) Repair rate of microcapsule sealant: The crack repair rate of Examples 1 and 3 is 95%, and the repair failure rate of Example 2 due to salt crystallization is 5%;

[0099] (2) Hydrophobic contact angle: The measured value of Example 3 is 118° (design value ≥ 120°), and the curing process needs to be optimized;

[0100] 8. Environmental control:

[0101] (1) Construction dust concentration: Example 1, average 45 μg / m 3 (Design value ≤50μg / m 3 );

[0102] (2) Photovoltaic device conversion efficiency: Example 3 measured 20% (design value ≥ 22%), the photovoltaic panel surface needs to be cleaned.

[0103] Judging from the above evaluation results, this exterior wall split decorative brick construction method performs particularly well in prefabricated building exterior walls and coastal high salt fog areas. It has high construction precision, strong durability, and meets environmental protection indicators. Intelligent construction systems (such as dynamic stress monitoring and self-repairing grouting) improve construction quality and subsequent maintenance efficiency.

[0104] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for filling walls and exterior walls, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Deepen the design of prefabricated components; Step 2: Install the intelligent positioning system; Step 3: Composite base assembly; Step 4: Modular installation of split bricks; Step 5: Adaptive expansion joint processing; Step 6: Dynamic stress monitoring; Step 7: Self-repairing grouting process; Step 8: Full-cycle environmental control.

2. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the in-depth design of the prefabricated components includes: generating a three-dimensional layout diagram of split bricks based on the BIM model, optimizing the proportion of special-shaped bricks; matching the prefabricated assembled steel frame with the embedded slots of the split bricks; and setting up embedded conductive lines for later monitoring.

3. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the installation of the intelligent positioning system includes: using a laser grid locator to project a three-dimensional reference line; installing an adjustable positioning fixture and fixing it by magnetic attraction; and setting a temperature and humidity sensor to monitor the status of the base layer in real time.

4. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the composite base assembly includes: the base adopts a composite structure of honeycomb aluminum plate and carbon fiber grid; the anchoring adopts memory alloy expansion bolts to produce pre-tightening displacement at a temperature ≥40°C; the interface treatment adopts nano-silica sol penetrant with a penetration depth ≥5mm.

5. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the modular installation of the split bricks includes: pre-installed unit size 600mm×1200mm, integrating 8 to 12 split bricks; using a vacuum suction cup robot arm for lifting; and connecting nodes using conductive flame-retardant glue to achieve electrical connectivity.

6. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the adaptive expansion joint processing includes: setting shape memory polymer strips, the expansion rate of which can reach 20% at 30-35°C; filling piezoelectric ceramic particles to generate early warning signals through stress changes; and covering the surface with an elastic silicone film with a transmittance of ≥85%.

7. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the dynamic stress monitoring includes: implanting fiber grating sensors and arranging them along the diagonal; feeding back data to the monitoring platform in real time through a wireless transmission module; setting the warning threshold to a strain value ≥ 200 με or a temperature change ≥ 15°C / h.

8. The method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step seven, the self-repairing grouting process includes: using a microcapsule-type grouting agent containing an epoxy resin repair liquid; controlling the grouting depth to be 1 / 3 of the brick thickness; and forming a hydrophobic surface after ultraviolet curing.

9. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step eight, the full-cycle environmental protection control includes: real-time monitoring of construction dust concentration; waste classification recovery rate ≥ 90%; and use of photovoltaic-driven construction equipment.

10. A method for constructing split decorative bricks for infill walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method is applicable to the following scenarios: prefabricated building exterior walls; coastal areas with high salt fog; and extreme climate areas with a day-night temperature difference of >25°C.

Images