Civil engineering oil exploitation device with blowout prevention drainage structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a civil engineering oil exploitation device with a blowout prevention drainage structure, relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, provides a pretreatment scheme for solving the blowout problem in the drilling process, and is essentially characterized in that on the basis of not interfering normal work of a drilling tool, a flow storage sleeve and a bearing base serve as slurry storage structures; in addition, mud is used as a buffer structure in the pressure change process, specifically, when drilling pressure and oil gas pressure in a hoistway fluctuate greatly, the multiple-reversing drainage process is adopted to avoid the blowout phenomenon, and a first-order piston block and a second-order piston block are subjected to pressure generated when the mud flows back as the basis, so that the multiple-reversing drainage process is adopted, and the pressure generated when the mud flows back is applied to the first-order piston block and the second-order piston block. The backflow mode of slurry is changed, the purpose is to avoid direct blowout, the overall mode is a pretreatment process aiming at the blowout phenomenon, and self-adaption needs to be carried out on the basis of pressure parameters of site construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil production, in particular to a civil oil production device with an anti-blowout drainage structure. Background Art

[0002] Due to pressure changes during the drilling process, or oil and gas invading the mud causing a decrease in back pressure, blowouts occur during oil extraction, drilling and other operations. For this, corresponding blowout prevention measures need to be adopted, such as controlling the formation pressure, controlling the drilling speed, etc. The key lies in temporarily plugging the leak. Please refer to the relevant content in Publication No. CN105971547A.

[0003] However, it should be noted that various parameters are difficult to directly grasp during the drilling process, especially parameters with large fluctuations such as drilling pressure and oil and gas pressure. It is difficult to seal the leaks in the later stage and it may cause more serious safety accidents. In this regard, the present invention proposes a solution for blowout pretreatment, and the operating parameters need to be coordinated during the pretreatment process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a civil engineering oil production device with an anti-blowout drainage structure. In oil production, drilling and other operations, the conventional method of plugging leaks has the problem of great difficulty and potential safety hazards, and various parameters fluctuate greatly during the specific operation process.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a civil engineering oil production device with an anti-blowout drainage structure, comprising a flow storage sleeve, a load-bearing base and a drill tool body, the flow storage sleeve is located at the upper side of the load-bearing base and is rotatably connected to the load-bearing base, and the interior of the flow storage sleeve is communicated with the interior of the load-bearing base, and the drill tool body passes through the flow storage sleeve and the load-bearing base; a flow limiting jacket corresponding to the drill tool body is arranged inside the load-bearing base, a flow leakage sleeve arranged horizontally is installed outside the load-bearing base, a first-order piston block is slidably installed inside the flow leakage sleeve, a jacket plate is installed at one end of the first-order piston block pointing to the drill tool body, and a second-order piston plate is slidably installed at the middle end of the first-order piston block; a first-order drainage port and a grouting port are sequentially installed on the upper side of the load-bearing base in a direction from top to bottom, a reflux port is arranged on the upper side of the flow leakage sleeve, and a three-way joint pipe is installed at the lower side of the flow leakage sleeve.

[0006] It is further configured as follows: the flow storage sleeve is fixedly connected to the drill body, the flow limiting jacket is located between the inside of the load-bearing base and the outer wall of the drill body, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the flow limiting jacket and the outer wall of the drill body.

[0007] It is further configured as follows: the upper and lower ends of the current limiting jacket are slidably connected to the inner wall of the load-bearing base, and a reflux bin and an arc-shaped pressing groove are provided at the middle end of the outer wall of the current limiting jacket in a direction from top to bottom.

[0008] It is further configured as follows: the opening position of the first-order drainage port is located on the upper side of the flow limiting jacket, the setting position of the grouting port corresponds to the reflux bin, and the setting position of the arc-shaped pressure groove corresponds to the setting position of the jacket plate.

[0009] It is further configured as follows: the inside of the leakage sleeve is separated into a first-order chamber and a second-order chamber by a first-order piston block, the first-order chamber and the second-order chamber are arranged in sequence along the direction pointing to the drill tool body, and pressure changing chambers are arranged on both sides of the first-order piston block corresponding to the second-order piston block.

[0010] It is further configured as follows: connecting springs are installed on both sides of the second-stage piston block.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: the reflux port is connected to the first-order drainage port, one end of the lower side of the three-way joint pipe is connected to the internal position of the load-bearing base corresponding to the lower side of the flow limiting jacket, and three interfaces are arranged at the upper end of the three-way joint pipe.

[0012] It is further configured as follows: the reflux port is connected to one of the pressure changing chambers through the sliding process of the second-order piston block, and the interface of the three-way joint pipe is connected to the first-order chamber, the second-order chamber or the pressure changing chamber through the sliding process of the second-order piston block and the first-order piston block.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Structural improvements are made to address the blowout problem that may occur during the drilling process in oil production operations. Specifically, in the pretreatment process for the blowout problem, the flow sleeve and the load-bearing base are used as retention structures for liquids such as mud, and the liquid inside the two is kept in communication with the liquid inside the wellbore. The key is to use the liquid inside the two as a buffer structure during pressure changes. When the drilling pressure and oil and gas pressure in the wellbore fluctuate greatly, the liquid inside the two can directly "sense" and, based on this, change the flow mode of the internal liquid according to the pressure fluctuation. Specifically, it is reflected in the liquid reflux process of the first-order drainage port and the reflux port to avoid direct eruption of liquids such as mud; 2. Based on the above content, the key to the overall device is to use multiple reversing drainage processes to avoid blowouts. It is based on the pressure generated by one section of the piston block and the second-stage piston block when the mud flows back, and changes the mud return mode. Its purpose is to avoid direct blowouts. The overall method is a pretreatment process for blowouts, and needs to be autonomously adapted based on the pressure parameters of on-site construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a civil construction oil production device with a blowout prevention and drainage structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 The invention provides a civil construction oil production device with a blowout prevention and drainage structure. Figure 1 sectional view of Figure 3 The invention provides a civil construction oil production device with a blowout prevention and drainage structure. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of Figure 4 The invention provides a civil construction oil production device with a blowout prevention and drainage structure. Figure 2 Split diagram of ; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a flow-limiting jacket in a civil engineering petroleum production device with a blowout prevention and drainage structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure proposed by the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of part A.

[0016] In the figure: 1. flow storage sleeve; 2. load-bearing base; 201. first-order drainage port; 202. grouting port; 3. discharge sleeve; 301. return port; 302. three-way joint pipe; 4. first-order piston block; 5. second-order piston block; 6. jacket plate; 7. flow limiting jacket; 701. return chamber; 702. arc pressure groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1: In the operation mode of oil extraction and drilling, the conventional method of plugging leaks has the problem of great difficulty and great safety hazards, and various parameters fluctuate greatly during the specific operation process. The following technical solution is proposed: Figures 1 to 6The civil engineering oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure in this embodiment includes a flow storage sleeve 1, a load-bearing base 2 and a drill body. The flow storage sleeve 1 is located on the upper side of the load-bearing base 2 and is rotatably connected to the load-bearing base 2, and the inside of the flow storage sleeve 1 is connected to the inside of the load-bearing base 2. The drill body passes through the flow storage sleeve 1 and the load-bearing base 2; the load-bearing base 2 is provided with a flow limiting jacket 7 corresponding to the drill body, and the load-bearing base 2 is externally installed with a horizontally arranged leakage sleeve 3, and the leakage sleeve 3 is slidably installed with a first-order piston block 4, and the first-order piston block 4 is slidably installed along the direction of the finger. A jacket plate 6 is installed at one end of the drill tool body, and a second-order piston plate 5 is slidably installed at the middle end of the first-order piston block 4; a first-order drainage port 201 and a grouting port 202 are sequentially installed on the load-bearing base 2 in a direction from top to bottom, a return port 301 is provided on the upper side of the leakage sleeve 3, and a three-way joint pipe 302 is installed on the lower side of the leakage sleeve 3, the flow storage sleeve 1 and the drill tool body are fixedly connected, the flow limiting jacket 7 is located between the inside of the load-bearing base 2 and the outer wall of the drill tool body, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the flow limiting jacket 7 and the outer wall of the drill tool body.

[0019] Basic principle: During the oil extraction process, the drill tool body needs to continue drilling, and the drill tool body needs to maintain a uniform rotation and uniform downward movement, and a drilling fluid pumping structure and a mud treatment and filtration structure are provided outside the drilling. The pumping structure and the treatment and filtration structure are not described in the present invention, and the key structure of the present invention is that the flow sleeve 1 and the load-bearing base 2 can be used as retention structures for liquids such as mud, and the flow sleeve 1 can be rotatably connected to the load-bearing base 2, the purpose of which is to ensure a good seal between the flow sleeve 1 and the drill tool body. However, because the drill tool body 1 needs to continue to move downward, the essence of "the drill tool body and the flow sleeve 1 remain fixed" introduced in the above content is: the drill tool body and the flow sleeve 1 are fixed with a seal, but the drill tool body can still rotate and move downward in the flow sleeve 1; refer to Figure 3 Explanation: The lower side of the load-bearing base 2 is open and is specifically installed at the wellhead position, so that in the actual drilling process, the injected mud can pass through the load-bearing base 2 into the wellbore, and conversely, the mud inside the wellbore will also flow back into the flow storage sleeve 1 and the load-bearing base 2. However, because the flow storage sleeve 1 is sealed by a sealing structure at the position corresponding to the drill bit body, mud and other liquids are only retained in the internal positions of the two. Therefore, when the mud pressure fluctuates greatly, it directly affects the first-order piston block 4 inside the leakage sleeve 3. In addition, because the first-order piston block 4 slides relative to the second-order piston block 5, and the second-order piston block 5 also undergoes a secondary sliding process relative to the leakage sleeve 3, the sliding process of the first-order piston block 4 and the second-order piston block 5 is used to adapt to the pressure fluctuation state of mud and other liquids.

[0020] Embodiment 2: Supplementary explanation on the structural characteristics of the flow limiting jacket: the upper and lower ends of the flow limiting jacket 7 are slidingly connected to the inner wall of the load-bearing base 2, and the middle end of the outer wall of the flow limiting jacket 7 is provided with a reflux bin 701 and an arc-shaped pressure groove 702 along the direction from top to bottom, the opening position of the first-order drainage port 201 is located on the upper side of the flow limiting jacket 7, the setting position of the grouting port 202 corresponds to the reflux bin 701, and the setting position of the arc-shaped pressure groove 702 corresponds to the setting position of the jacket plate 6.

[0021] Program Description: Figure 3 Take an example to illustrate, under normal conditions, because there is an obvious gap between the drill body and the flow limiting jacket 7, the mud overflowing from the wellbore will also flow through the gap to the inside of the flow storage jacket 1. The purpose is to avoid the continuous rotation and continuous downward movement of the drill body affecting the flow limiting jacket 7, but the key is that the movement mode of the flow limiting jacket 7 is explained by the pressure fluctuation of the mud and other liquids: S1: The grouting port 202 serves as a supplementary position for the external mud, and the treated mud is injected into the inside of the load-bearing base 2 through the grouting port 202. However, the injected mud and other liquids first pass through the reflux bin 701 to the content between the outer wall of the flow limiting jacket 7 and the inside of the load-bearing base 2, and with the continuous injection of mud and other liquids, on the one hand, a downward pressure will be generated on the flow limiting jacket 7, and when the flow limiting jacket 7 moves to a certain position, the grouting port 202 will be blocked to stop grouting; on the other hand, the injected mud and other liquids will continue to fill the inside of the leakage sleeve 3, driving the first-order piston block 4 to move away from The first-order piston block 4 moves in the direction of the drill body until one end of the drill body moves to the position corresponding to the reflux port 301, and the injected mud and other liquids flow back to the inside of the load-bearing base 2 through the first-order drainage port 201; S2: In addition, when the pressure of mud and other liquids in the wellbore is relatively high, the mud and other liquids will flow back to the inside of the flow storage sleeve 1 through the gap of the flow limiting jacket 7. However, during this process, when the drainage port 301 is blocked by the second-order piston block 5, it will provide an upward pressure on the flow limiting jacket 7. Pressure, in this process, the structural size of the flow limiting jacket 7 can be limited to ensure that the lower side position of the flow limiting jacket 7 can be moved to the upper side position of the corresponding leakage sleeve 3, resulting in the refluxed mud and other liquids being directly injected into the leakage sleeve 3 to drive the first-order piston block 4 to move in a directional manner. However, the key is that the refluxed mud and other liquids will be directly injected into the leakage sleeve 3 through the three-way joint pipe 302, but the mud and other liquids injected into the leakage sleeve 3 will also be limited by the first-order piston block 4 and the second-order piston block 5.

[0022] Embodiment 3: Supplementary explanation is given for the structural characteristics of the first-order piston block and the second-order piston block inside the leakage sleeve: the leakage sleeve 3 is separated into a first-order chamber and a second-order chamber by the first-order piston block 4, and the first-order chamber and the second-order chamber are arranged in sequence along the direction pointing to the drill bit body, and the first-order piston block 4 is provided with pressure-changing chambers at the two sides of the second-order piston block 5, and connecting springs are installed on the two sides of the second-order piston block 5. The reflux port 301 is connected with the first-order diversion port 201, and one end of the lower side of the three-way joint pipe 302 is connected with the internal position of the load-bearing base 2 corresponding to the lower side of the flow-limiting jacket 7, and three interfaces are arranged at the upper end of the three-way joint pipe 302, and the reflux port 301 is connected with one of the pressure-changing chambers through the sliding process of the second-order piston block 5, and one of the interfaces of the three-way joint pipe 302 is connected with the first-order chamber, the second-order chamber or the pressure-changing chamber through the sliding process of the second-order piston block 5 and the first-order piston block 4.

[0023] Solution description: Combined with S1 and S2 in the second embodiment, the working process of the overall structure has multiple interactive processes, which are specifically manifested as follows: S3: When the pressure of liquid such as mud in the wellbore is relatively high, the mud and other liquids preferentially enter the drainage sleeve 3 through the three-way joint pipe 302, specifically directly enter the first-stage chamber and the pressure change chamber. In theory, when the first-stage chamber is continuously replenished with mud and other liquids, the first-stage piston block 4 will generate pressure in the direction of the drill bit body, but the second-stage piston block 5 will generate pressure in the opposite direction to the first-stage piston block 4, causing the connecting spring of the second-stage piston block 5 relative to the left side to be in a compressed state; S4: Because The movement process of the first-order piston block 4 causes the jacket plate 6 to approach the flow-limiting jacket 7. The flow-limiting jacket 7 needs to be set to a rubber material corresponding to the arc-shaped pressure groove 702. Its essence is to fully clamp the flow-limiting jacket 7 through the jacket plate 6 to temporarily block the gap between the flow-limiting jacket 7 and the drill bit body. For this purpose, two leakage sleeves 3 need to be set and maintained in the same horizontal direction to ensure that the two jacket plates 6 are completely close to the clamped flow-limiting jacket 7 and form a complete circular ring; however, it should also be noted that the second-order piston block 5 will also slide secondary relative to the first-order piston block 4. Specifically, when the pressure-changing chamber at the relative right position is connected to the reflux port 301, part of the mud, etc. The liquid is directly injected into the load-bearing base 2 through the first-order drainage port 201. In this state, the second-order piston block 5 temporarily loses the pressure from the mud and other liquids and resets and re-blocks the reflux port 301 again. However, because the travel range of the first-order piston block 4 is limited, specifically, when the jacket plate 6 completely clamps the flow-limiting jacket 7, it cannot continue to move, so that the mud and other liquids drained from the load-bearing base 2 continue to be injected into the pressure-changing chamber at the relatively right position. It can be understood that the second-order piston block 5 undergoes multiple reciprocating processes in the first-order piston block 4 to prevent the mud and other liquids with higher pressure from being directly sprayed out; S5: It should also be noted that: when the flow-limiting jacket 7 is continuously subjected to The upward pressure causes the reflux chamber 701 to correspond to the first-order drainage port 201, so that the mud and other liquids sprayed from the inside of the wellbore will flow back into the second-order chamber again, providing reverse pressure on the first-order piston block 4, and restricting the movement of the first-order piston block 4 again. Therefore, combined with the above content, it can be understood that the essence of the overall process lies in the pretreatment process for high-pressure mud and other liquids, and the high-pressure mud and other liquids are "balanced" through the movement process of the first-order piston block 4, the second-order piston block 5, and the flow limiting release sleeve 7. However, when the overall pressure is particularly large, one end of the discharge sleeve 3 can be temporarily opened to directly discharge the mud and other liquids in the wellbore.

[0024] In summary: A pretreatment solution is proposed for the blowout problem during drilling. Its essence is that the flow sleeve and the load-bearing base are used as mud retention structures without interfering with the normal operation of the drill bit, and the mud is also used as a buffer structure during the pressure change process. Specifically, when the drilling pressure and oil and gas pressure in the wellbore fluctuate greatly, a multiple reversing drainage process is used to avoid blowouts. The pressure generated by the first-order piston block and the second-order piston block when the mud flows back is used as the basis to change the mud return mode. The purpose is to avoid direct blowouts. The overall method is a pretreatment process for blowouts, which requires autonomous adaptation based on the pressure parameters of on-site construction.

[0025] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A civil engineering oil production device with a blowout prevention and drainage structure, characterized in that: The drill tool comprises a flow storage sleeve (1), a load-bearing base (2) and a drill body, wherein the flow storage sleeve (1) is located on the upper side of the load-bearing base (2) and is rotatably connected to the load-bearing base (2), and the interior of the flow storage sleeve (1) is connected to the interior of the load-bearing base (2), and the drill body passes through the flow storage sleeve (1) and the load-bearing base (2); a flow limiting jacket (7) corresponding to the drill body is arranged inside the load-bearing base (2), and a flow leakage sleeve (3) arranged horizontally is installed outside the load-bearing base (2), and the flow leakage sleeve (3) is connected to the load-bearing base (2). ) is slidably mounted inside the first-stage piston block (4), a jacket plate (6) is mounted on one end of the first-stage piston block (4) pointing toward the drilling tool body, and a second-stage piston plate (5) is slidably mounted on the middle end of the first-stage piston block (4); a first-stage drainage port (201) and a grouting port (202) are sequentially mounted on the upper edge of the load-bearing base (2) in a direction from top to bottom, a return port (301) is arranged on the upper side of the leakage sleeve (3), and a three-way joint pipe (302) is mounted on the lower side of the leakage sleeve (3).

2. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flow storage sleeve (1) is fixedly connected to the drill body, the flow limiting jacket (7) is located between the inside of the load-bearing base (2) and the outer wall of the drill body, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the flow limiting jacket (7) and the outer wall of the drill body.

3. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the flow-limiting jacket (7) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the load-bearing base (2), and a return chamber (701) and an arc-shaped pressing groove (702) are provided at the middle end of the outer wall of the flow-limiting jacket (7) in a direction from top to bottom.

4. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The opening position of the first-order drainage port (201) is located on the upper side of the flow limiting jacket (7), the setting position of the grouting port (202) corresponds to the setting position in the return chamber (701), and the setting position of the arc-shaped pressure groove (702) corresponds to the setting position of the jacket plate (6).

5. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interior of the leakage sleeve (3) is divided into a first-stage chamber and a second-stage chamber by a first-stage piston block (4), and the first-stage chamber and the second-stage chamber are arranged in sequence in a direction pointing toward the drilling tool body. Pressure changing chambers are arranged at positions on both sides of the first-stage piston block (4) corresponding to the second-stage piston block (5).

6. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Connecting springs are installed on both sides of the second-stage piston block (5).

7. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reflux port (301) is connected to the first-order drainage port (201), one end of the lower side of the three-way joint pipe (302) is connected to an internal position of the load-bearing base (2) corresponding to the lower side of the flow-limiting jacket (7), and three interfaces are provided at the upper end of the three-way joint pipe (302).

8. The civil construction oil production device with anti-blowout drainage structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The reflux port (301) is connected to one of the pressure-changing chambers through the sliding process of the second-stage piston block (5), and the interface of the three-way joint pipe (302) is connected to the first-stage chamber, the second-stage chamber or the pressure-changing chamber through the sliding process of the second-stage piston block (5) and the first-stage piston block (4).

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