An intelligent pin device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit and its monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent pin device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit and a monitoring method thereof. The intelligent pin device includes a pin main body, strain induction devices located at both axial end faces of the pin main body, vibration acceleration induction devices located inside both axial ends of the pin main body, and an attitude angle induction device located at the center inside the pin main body; it also includes a data edge processing module and a communication module. The present invention is used to solve the problems in the prior art that the monitoring method for the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit has low accuracy, is prone to monitoring errors, and has great implementation difficulty and high maintenance cost, and realizes the purpose of more accurate real-time monitoring of the crank attitude change, reducing the monitoring difficulty and lowering the maintenance cost, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of monitoring of oil extraction equipment, and specifically relates to an intelligent pin device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit and a monitoring method therefor. Background Art

[0002] As a core device in the process of oil extraction, the movement state of the beam-type crank of a pumping unit has a crucial impact on the pumping efficiency and the service life of the equipment. Abnormal changes in the crank attitude may not only lead to a decrease in pumping efficiency, but also cause equipment failures and even safety accidents.

[0003] In the prior art, there are mainly the following two methods for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit: Method 1, directly installing corresponding sensors on the crank and identifying crank faults by directly judging the induction signals of the sensors; Method 2, based on dynamic mechanism modeling, predicting the crank fault attitude by means of simulation. The following disadvantages generally exist in the actual application of such prior art:

[0004] (1) Dynamic mechanism modeling means often require detailed system knowledge and theoretical basis, the modeling process is complex, and at the same time, high accuracy requirements are imposed on the input data and model parameters, and problems of insufficient prediction accuracy are likely to occur; and it is very difficult to effectively model complex, unknown or difficult-to-measure processes.

[0005] (2) For the method of directly judging the sensor induction signals, since the existing sensors are directly installed on the surface of the crank, in the harsh oilfield environment, the performance of the sensors often decreases or is damaged due to factors such as temperature, humidity, oil stains and vibration, resulting in lower accuracy of the monitoring results and higher maintenance costs; and it is more difficult to install and maintain the relevant sensors under harsh working conditions.

[0006] In summary, the prior art for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit all has great limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent pin device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit and a monitoring method therefor, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the monitoring methods for the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit have low accuracy, are prone to monitoring errors, and have great implementation difficulty and high maintenance costs, and to achieve the purposes of more accurately and real-timely monitoring the change of the crank attitude, reducing the monitoring difficulty and lowering the maintenance cost, etc.

[0008] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0009] An intelligent pin device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit, including a pin body, further including strain sensing devices located at both axial end faces of the pin body, vibration acceleration sensing devices located inside both axial ends of the pin body, and an attitude angle sensing device located at the center inside the pin body; also including:

[0010] A data edge processing module, which is signal-connected to the strain sensing device, the vibration acceleration sensing device, and the attitude angle sensing device respectively, and is used for performing edge processing on the received original monitoring data to obtain an edge processing result;

[0011] A communication module, which is signal-connected to the data edge processing module, and is used for externally sending the edge processing result.

[0012] Aiming at the problems in the prior art that the monitoring method for the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit has low accuracy, is prone to monitoring errors, and has great implementation difficulty and high maintenance cost, the present invention first proposes an intelligent pin device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit. The crank pin is an existing component in the beam type crank of the pumping unit. The traditional crank pin only serves as a fixing part and is installed in the crank hole of the pumping unit during use. In this solution, two strain sensing devices, two vibration acceleration sensing devices, and one attitude angle sensing device are arranged on the pin body; among them:

[0013] The two strain sensing devices are respectively located on the end faces at both axial ends of the pin body, and are used for monitoring the stress changes received at both ends of the pin body during the movement of the crank. By capturing stress changes at the micro-strain level, the movement state and force condition of the crank are reflected. The two vibration acceleration sensing devices are respectively located inside both axial ends of the pin body, and are used for monitoring the vibration accelerations in three directions of both ends of the pin body in the Cartesian coordinate system during the movement of the crank. The attitude angle sensing device is arranged at the central position inside the pin body, and is used for monitoring the attitude angle and inclination change of the pin body during the movement of the crank.

[0014] This application also includes a data edge processing module and a communication module. The data edge processing module is used for receiving and processing the monitoring signals of all the foregoing sensing devices, and transmitting the edge processing result to the communication module, and externally sending it to the receiving end through the communication module, so that the operating state of the crank can be analyzed and warned at the receiving end. Among them, the data edge processing module and the communication module can be signal-connected through any existing signal transmission method; the communication module can realize signal transmission with the external receiving end through any existing wired or wireless communication technology.

[0015] By monitoring the operating status of the intelligent bolt device, the operating status of the crank of the beam pumping unit can be obtained synchronously, which is beneficial to timely detect potential faults and take corresponding measures for prevention and maintenance, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and downtime of the equipment, providing strong support for the operation and maintenance of the pumping unit, helping to improve the operating efficiency of the oil extraction equipment, and thus improving the efficiency of the entire oil extraction process. Compared with the prior art, all the induction devices in this application are integrated on the crank pin of the beam pumping unit. Since the pin body is installed in the existing crank hole, there is no need to change the structure of the existing pumping unit crank. Only by replacing the traditional crank pin with the pin body of this application can a more stable and good working environment be provided for each induction device, significantly reducing the influence of external temperature, humidity, oil stains and other factors on the performance of the sensor, improving the monitoring accuracy and service life, and reducing the installation difficulty and maintenance cost. In addition, compared with the dynamic mechanism modeling method, this application does not require a complex modeling process, reduces the theoretical requirements for relevant staff, and is more conducive to popularization and application in the oil production well site.

[0016] The strain induction device, vibration acceleration induction device, attitude angle induction device, data edge processing module and communication module in this application can all be implemented by existing technologies. Among them, each induction device is based on the premise of being able to achieve the required induction requirements. The data edge processing module can only preprocess the received original monitoring data, and the preprocessed data is sent to the corresponding receiving end through the communication module for further analysis and processing, or a processing program can be preset in the data edge processing module, and after obtaining the processed results of finished products or semi-finished products, they are transmitted to the corresponding receiving end; of course, the preset processing program here is preferably an existing program that can be implemented by those skilled in the art, such as setting corresponding thresholds for each induction signal and judging whether it exceeds the corresponding threshold.

[0017] Further, the two strain induction devices are symmetrically distributed along the axial center of the pin body, and the two vibration acceleration induction devices are symmetrically distributed along the axial center of the pin body.

[0018] That is, relative to the cross-section where the axial center of the pin body is located, the two strain induction devices are symmetrically distributed, and the two vibration acceleration induction devices are also symmetrically distributed. This solution is beneficial to comprehensively judge the overall stress and vibration conditions of the pin body according to the strain and vibration acceleration conditions at both ends of the pin body, and then more accurately monitor the stress and vibration conditions of the crank.

[0019] Further, the data edge processing module includes:

[0020] Data preprocessing unit: used to preprocess the received original monitoring data to obtain preprocessing signals;

[0021] The signal processing unit: Based on the preprocessed signal, parameters reflecting the force condition, vibration condition, and attitude of the plug body are obtained.

[0022] Among them, the data preprocessing unit can use any existing preprocessing technology to preprocess the received original monitoring data, and the specific preprocessing method aims to reduce noise and improve data quality.

[0023] A monitoring method based on the intelligent plug device in this application includes:

[0024] Install the plug body in the crank hole of the pumping unit, so that the strain sensing devices at both ends of the plug body are respectively closely attached to the two side hole walls of the crank hole of the pumping unit;

[0025] During the operation of the pumping unit, the strain sensing device, vibration acceleration sensing device, and attitude angle sensing device collect original monitoring data in real time and send it to the data edge processing module;

[0026] The data edge processing module performs edge processing on the received original monitoring data and transmits the edge processing result to the communication module;

[0027] The communication module externally sends the edge processing result.

[0028] In the process of further research, the inventor of this case found that although the intelligent plug device of this application can obtain the monitoring data of the force, vibration, and attitude of the plug body, and those skilled in the art can also directly judge the operating state of the crank of the pumping unit based on these monitoring data, the accuracy of this direct judgment method is relatively low, and situations such as misjudgment and missed judgment are likely to occur. To overcome the foregoing defects, the following edge processing technical solution is proposed in this application:

[0029] First, based on the monitoring data of the vibration acceleration sensing device, a plug position matrix is determined; the plug position matrix may include vibration energy data and attitude angle data;

[0030] Then, based on the monitoring data of the strain sensing device, a strain index matrix within the monitoring period is constructed, and the kurtosis of the strain index matrix is calculated;

[0031] Next, based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle sensing device and the plug position matrix, a plug deflection matrix is obtained.

[0032] According to the edge processing method of this solution, the force condition of the plug body within the monitoring period can be reflected in real time through the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; the deflection condition of the plug body can also be reflected in real time through the plug deflection matrix, thereby reflecting the attitude condition of the crank of the pumping unit.

[0033] It should be noted that although the pin position matrix can reflect the attitude of the pin body and the crank to a certain extent, its accuracy cannot be guaranteed and large errors are likely to occur. Therefore, the pin deflection matrix of this solution is jointly obtained based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle sensing device and the pin position matrix. It can be understood that the monitoring data of the attitude angle sensing device reflects the attitude in one perspective, and the pin position matrix reflects the attitude in another perspective. By combining the attitudes obtained from these two perspectives and comprehensively analyzing and evaluating, the pin deflection matrix required for this solution is obtained.

[0034] Further, the pin position matrix is: {P o , θ xoy , θ yoz , θ xoz}; where Po is the vibration energy of the center point O of the pin body, and θ xoy is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the XOY plane, θ yoz is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the YOZ plane, and θ xoz is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the XOZ plane; where:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula: V 1x , V 1y , V 1z are the vibration acceleration values in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the vibration acceleration sensing devices at one axial end of the pin body respectively; V 2x , V 2y , V 2z are the vibration acceleration values in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the vibration acceleration sensing devices at the other axial end of the pin body respectively.

[0037] Preferably, the method for constructing the strain index matrix within the monitoring period includes:

[0038] Taking the continuous n - times acquisitions of two strain sensing devices as a period, calculating the strain index ξ i , ξ i = ξ i ’ - ξ i ”; in the formula: ξ i represents the strain index corresponding to the i - th acquisition, i = 1, 2,..., n; ξ i ’ is the strain value monitored by the strain sensing device on the end face at one axial end of the pin body; ξ i ” is the strain value monitored by the strain sensing device on the end face at the other axial end of the pin body; obtaining the strain index matrix within the monitoring period: [ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, ξ4... ξi ...ξ n .

[0039] Preferably, the kurtosis of the strain index matrix is calculated by the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Where: K is the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; is the average value of the strain index during the monitoring period.

[0042] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the pin deflection matrix includes:

[0043] Based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle sensing device and the pin position matrix, construct a pin state matrix A:

[0044]

[0045] Where: θ x ′, θ y ′, θ z ′ are the azimuth angles monitored by the attitude angle sensing device in the X, Y, and Z directions respectively;

[0046] Based on the singular value decomposition algorithm, perform feature dimensionality reduction on the pin state matrix A, and use the reduced-dimensional matrix as the pin deflection matrix.

[0047] The singular value decomposition algorithm in this solution can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0048] Furthermore, although the above method steps can achieve real-time monitoring of the force and attitude of the crank, it is difficult to detect sudden changes in the vibration and force conditions of the crank, that is, it is difficult to quickly respond when the crank has abnormal movements. To overcome this problem, this solution also includes:

[0049] Based on the pin position matrix and the kurtosis of the strain index matrix, calculate the pin mutation index Δ:

[0050]

[0051] Where: W j represents the force and vibration index in the j-th cycle; W j-1 represents the force and vibration index in the (j - 1)-th cycle;

[0052]

[0053] Where: P j is the standardized value of P corresponding to the j-th cycle; K o j ​is the normalized value of the kurtosis of the strain index matrix corresponding to the j-th cycle; P j-1 is the P corresponding to the (j - 1)-th cycle o of the normalized value; K j-1 is the normalized value of the kurtosis of the strain index matrix corresponding to the (j - 1)-th cycle.

[0054] It can be seen that this solution introduces indicators for reflecting the force and vibration of the latch pin and indicators for reflecting the mutation of the latch pin; by analyzing the force and vibration conditions within two adjacent cycles, the vibration and force conditions of the crank in the current cycle and the mutation conditions compared with the previous cycle can be calculated quantitatively and accurately. Based on this, the mutation of the vibration and force conditions of the crank can be quickly discovered, and a rapid response can be made when the crank has abnormal actions. At the same time, the possibility of misjudgment can be reduced and the recognition accuracy of the abnormal actions of the crank can be improved.

[0055] Preferably, when this solution is specifically applied, a threshold can be set for the latch pin mutation index Δ. If it exceeds this threshold, it is determined that the crank is abnormal; otherwise, it is normal.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. By monitoring the operating state of the intelligent latch pin device, the operating state of the crank of the beam pumping unit can be obtained synchronously, which is beneficial to timely discover potential faults and take corresponding measures for prevention and maintenance, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and downtime of the equipment, providing strong support for the operation and maintenance of the pumping unit, and helping to improve the operating efficiency of the oil extraction equipment, thus improving the efficiency of the entire oil extraction process.

[0058] 2. The present invention integrates all induction devices on the crank latch pin of the beam pumping unit. Without changing the structure of the existing crank of the pumping unit, only by replacing the traditional crank latch pin with the latch pin body of the present application, a more stable and good working environment can be provided for each induction device, significantly reducing the influence of external temperature, humidity, oil stains and other factors on the performance of the sensor, improving the monitoring accuracy and service life, and reducing the installation difficulty and maintenance cost.

[0059] 3. The present invention does not require a complex modeling process, reduces the theoretical requirements for relevant staff, and is more conducive to popularization and application in oil production well sites.

[0060] 4. The present invention can reflect the force condition of the latch pin body within the monitoring cycle in real time through the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; it can also reflect the deflection condition of the latch pin body in real time through the latch pin deflection matrix, thereby reflecting the attitude condition of the crank of the pumping unit.

[0061] 5. The present invention can quantitatively and accurately calculate the crank vibration and force conditions during the current cycle, as well as the mutation conditions compared with the previous cycle. Based on this, the mutation of the crank vibration and force conditions can be quickly detected, and then a rapid response can be made when the crank has an abnormal action. At the same time, the possibility of misjudgment can be reduced and the recognition accuracy of the crank abnormal action can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Reference numerals in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0066] 1 - Plug main body, 2 - Strain sensing device, 3 - Vibration acceleration sensing device, 4 - Attitude angle sensing device, 5 - Data edge processing module, 6 - Power supply module, 7 - Communication module, 8 - Wiring groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] As Figure 1 shown, an intelligent plug device for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit includes a plug main body 1, and further includes a strain sensing device 2 located at both axial end faces of the plug main body 1, a vibration acceleration sensing device 3 located inside both axial ends of the plug main body 1, and an attitude angle sensing device 4 located at the center inside the plug main body 1. Among them, the two strain sensing devices 2 are symmetrically distributed along the axial center of the plug main body 1, and the two vibration acceleration sensing devices 3 are symmetrically distributed along the axial center of the plug main body 1.

[0070] In this embodiment, the plug main body 1 has a cylindrical structure, and its specific dimensions match the dimensions of the crank hole of the monitored pumping unit.

[0071] In this embodiment:

[0072] The strain sensing device 2 is a strain gauge; for example, a BF350-3FB high-sensitivity strain gauge is used, which can detect small stress changes;

[0073] The vibration acceleration sensing device 3 is a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor; for example, the A27F100 three-axis vibration acceleration sensor can accurately capture and record multi-dimensional vibration information, including vibration amplitude, frequency and direction, thereby providing detailed vibration information analysis;

[0074] The attitude angle sensing device 4 is a gyroscope; if a JY61 high-precision gyroscope balance monitor is used, it can not only monitor the attitude angle and tilt changes of the pumping unit crank in real time, but also has high precision, high stability and rapid response capabilities, ensuring that the attitude changes of the crank can be accurately reflected even under complex working conditions, and providing reliable attitude monitoring data.

[0075] This embodiment also includes a data edge processing module 5 and a communication module 7 built into the plug body:

[0076] The data edge processing module 5 is signal-connected to the strain sensing device 2, the vibration acceleration sensing device 3, and the attitude angle sensing device 4, and is used to perform edge processing on the received raw monitoring data to obtain edge processing results;

[0077] The communication module 7 is connected to the data edge processing module by signal, and is used to send the edge processing result to the outside, preferably using wireless communication technology to send the edge processing result to the outside.

[0078] This embodiment further includes a power supply module 6 built into the plug body for supplying power to all electrical devices in the intelligent plug device; for example, a 18650 type detachable battery is used to enable continuous operation without an external power supply.

[0079] The data edge processing module in this embodiment includes:

[0080] Data preprocessing unit: used to preprocess the received original monitoring data to obtain a preprocessed signal; the preprocessing includes any one or more of filtering, amplification, denoising, and feature information extraction.

[0081] Signal processing unit: based on the pre-processed signal, obtains parameters reflecting the force, vibration and posture of the bolt body 1.

[0082] In a more preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the plug body 1 is treated to be wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, such as by providing a hard alloy coating, a ceramic coating or a nano-composite coating.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] A method for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit, which is realized based on the intelligent pin device described in Embodiment 1, and the specific monitoring method is as follows Figure 2 as shown, including:

[0085] Install the pin body 1 in the crank hole of the pumping unit, and make the strain sensing devices 2 at both ends of the pin body 1 closely adhere to the two side hole walls of the crank hole of the pumping unit respectively to ensure good assembly relationship;

[0086] During the operation of the pumping unit, start each strain sensing device 2, vibration acceleration sensing device 3 and attitude angle sensing device 4, collect the original monitoring data in real time, and send it to the data edge processing module;

[0087] The data edge processing module performs edge processing on the received original monitoring data and transmits the edge processing result to the communication module;

[0088] The communication module externally sends the edge processing result to the remote monitoring center.

[0089] Embodiment 3:

[0090] A method for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit, on the basis of Embodiment 2, the edge processing includes:

[0091] First, preprocess the received original monitoring data through the data preprocessing unit to obtain a preprocessing signal;

[0092] Then, perform subsequent processing on the preprocessing signal through the signal processing unit, specifically including the following steps:

[0093] Step 1: Based on the monitoring data of the vibration acceleration sensing device 3, determine the pin position matrix:

[0094] The pin position matrix in this embodiment is expressed as {P o , θ xoy , θ yoz , θ xoz}; where, Po is the vibration energy of the center point O of the pin body, θ xoy is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the XOY plane, θ yoz is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the YOZ plane, θ xoz is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the XOZ plane; where:

[0095]

[0096] In the formula: V 1x , V 1y , V 1zThe vibration acceleration values in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the vibration acceleration sensing device at one axial end of the bolt body respectively; V 2x 、V 2y 、V 2z are the vibration acceleration values in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the vibration acceleration sensing device at the other axial end of the bolt body respectively.

[0097] Step 2: Based on the monitoring data of the strain sensing device 2, construct a strain index matrix within the monitoring period and calculate the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; specifically:

[0098] First, take the continuous n - time acquisitions of the two strain sensing devices as a period, and calculate the strain index ξ i , ξ i = ξ i ’ - ξ i ”; In the formula: ξ i represents the strain index corresponding to the i - th acquisition, i = 1, 2, …, n; ξ i ’ is the strain value monitored by the strain sensing device on the end face at one axial end of the bolt body; ξ i ” is the strain value monitored by the strain sensing device on the end face at the other axial end of the bolt body; Obtain the strain index matrix within the monitoring period: [ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, ξ4... ξ i ... ξ n . In this embodiment, the acquisition frequency of the strain sensing device is once per second.

[0099] Then, calculate the kurtosis of the strain index matrix through the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula: K is the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; is the average value of the strain indices within the monitoring period.

[0102] Step 3: Based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle sensing device 4 and the bolt position matrix, obtain the bolt deflection matrix. Specifically:

[0103] Based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle sensing device and the bolt position matrix, construct a bolt state matrix A:

[0104]

[0105] In the formula: θ x ′, θ y ′, θ z ′ are the azimuth angles in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the attitude angle sensing device respectively;

[0106] The latch state matrix A is subjected to feature dimensionality reduction based on a singular value decomposition algorithm, and the matrix A' after dimensionality reduction is used as the latch deflection matrix.

[0107] In this embodiment, the process of performing feature dimensionality reduction on the latch state matrix A based on the singular value decomposition algorithm includes:

[0108] For matrix A, its singular value decomposition is expressed as: A=U∑V T ; Among them, U represents the m-order orthogonal matrix; V represents the n-order orthogonal matrix; T is the transpose operator; Σ represents the singular value matrix.

[0109] Calculate A T The eigenvalue λ of A i , change λ i Arrange from large to small, and then solve the eigenvalue λ i The corresponding eigenvector ω i .

[0110] Solve the n-order orthogonal matrix V; solve the singular value matrix Σ; solve the m-order orthogonal matrix U;

[0111] Set all the singular values in the singular value list except the largest one to zero, and use the truncated singular value list to truncate the corresponding columns in matrices U and V, retaining only the columns corresponding to non-zero singular values, and further reconstruct the matrix, replacing the truncated matrix U, the truncated matrix Σ, and the truncated matrix V. T Multiply them together to get the reduced-dimensional matrix A'.

[0112] Example 4:

[0113] A method for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit. Based on Example 3, this embodiment further introduces a latch mutation index Δ:

[0114]

[0115] Where: W j Represents the force and vibration index in the jth cycle; W j-1 Represents the force and vibration index in the j-1th cycle;

[0116]

[0117] Where: P j is the P corresponding to the jth period o The standardized value of K j is the standardized value of the strain index matrix kurtosis corresponding to the jth period; P j-1 is the P corresponding to the j-1th period o The standardized value of K j-1It is the normalized value of the kurtosis of the strain index matrix corresponding to the (j - 1)-th cycle.

[0118] In this embodiment, the normalized values mentioned are all obtained through Z-score normalization.

[0119] In this embodiment, the communication module 7 sends the matrix A' and the pin mutation index Δ to the remote monitoring center. The remote monitoring center analyzes the change of the crank attitude of the pumping unit through these two indexes, making the monitoring more accurate. For example:

[0120] Judge the vibration attitude of the crank of the pumping unit through the matrix A', and diagnose the abnormal state through Δ.

[0121] In a more preferred implementation manner: if Δ is greater than 50%, it is determined that the crank of the pumping unit is abnormal, and the remote monitoring center sends out prompt or warning information, which is convenient for the staff to check in time and take corresponding measures to reduce the risk of potential equipment failures or safety accidents.

[0122] It should be noted that in this article, terms such as "including", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In addition, the term "connected" used in this article, without special explanation, can be directly connected or indirectly connected through other components.

[0123] The specific implementation manners described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above is only the specific implementation manners of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for an intelligent pin device used for monitoring the crank attitude of a beam pumping unit, characterized in that: The intelligent pin device includes a pin main body (1), and further includes strain induction devices (2) located at both axial end faces of the pin main body (1), vibration acceleration induction devices (3) located inside both axial ends of the pin main body (1), and an attitude angle induction device (4) located at the center inside the pin main body (1); it also includes: a data edge processing module, which is signal-connected to the strain induction device (2), the vibration acceleration induction device (3), and the attitude angle induction device (4); The monitoring method includes: Install the pin main body (1) in the crank hole of the pumping unit, so that the strain induction devices (2) at both ends of the pin main body (1) are respectively in close contact with the two side hole walls of the crank hole of the pumping unit; During the operation of the pumping unit, the strain induction device (2), the vibration acceleration induction device (3), and the attitude angle induction device (4) collect original monitoring data in real time and send it to the data edge processing module; The data edge processing module performs edge processing on the received original monitoring data and transmits the edge processing result to the communication module; The communication module externally sends the edge processing result; The edge processing includes: Based on the monitoring data of the vibration acceleration induction device (3), determine the pin position matrix; Based on the monitoring data of the strain induction device (2), construct a strain index matrix within the monitoring period, and calculate the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; Based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle induction device (4) and the pin position matrix, obtain the pin deflection matrix; The pin position matrix is: {P o , θ xoy , θ yoz , θ xoz}; where P o is the vibration energy of the center point O of the pin body, θ xoy is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the XOY plane, θ yoz is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the YOZ plane, θ xoz is the vibration attitude angle of point O in the XOZ plane; where: Where: V 1x , V 1y , V 1z are respectively the vibration acceleration values in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the vibration acceleration sensing devices at one axial end of the bolt body; V 2x , V 2y , V 2z are respectively the vibration acceleration values in the X, Y, and Z directions monitored by the vibration acceleration sensing devices at the other axial end of the bolt body.

2. The monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein The method for constructing the strain index matrix within the monitoring period includes: Taking the continuous n - time acquisitions of two strain - sensing devices as one cycle, calculate the strain index ξ corresponding to each acquisition i , ξ i = ξ i ’ - ξ i ”; where: ξ i represents the strain index corresponding to the i - th acquisition, i = 1, 2, …, n; ξ i ’ is the strain value monitored by the strain - sensing device at one end face of the axial direction of the plug body; ξ i ” is the strain value monitored by the strain - sensing device at the other end face of the axial direction of the plug body; Obtain the strain index matrix within the monitoring period: [ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, ξ4... ξ i ... ξ n .

3. The monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein Calculate the kurtosis of the strain index matrix through the following formula: Where: K is the kurtosis of the strain index matrix; is the average value of the strain index during the monitoring period.

4. The monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein The method for obtaining the pin deflection matrix includes: Based on the monitoring data of the attitude angle induction device and the pin position matrix, construct a pin state matrix A: Where: θ x ′, θ y ′, θ z ′ are respectively the azimuth angles in the three directions of X, Y, and Z monitored by the attitude angle sensing device; Based on the singular value decomposition algorithm, perform feature dimensionality reduction on the pin state matrix A, and use the dimensionality-reduced matrix as the pin deflection matrix.

5. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: Based on the pin position matrix and the kurtosis of the strain index matrix, calculate the pin mutation index Δ: Where: W j represents the force and vibration index in the j-th cycle; W j-1 represents the force and vibration index in the (j - 1)-th cycle; Where: P j is the P corresponding to the jth period o The standardized value of K j is the standardized value of the strain index matrix kurtosis corresponding to the jth period; P j-1 is the P corresponding to the j-1th period o The standardized value of K j-1 is the standardized value of the kurtosis of the strain index matrix corresponding to the j-1th period.

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