A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery from a data center and deep geothermal heat storage

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery from a data center and deep geothermal heat storage, which includes a waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, an organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and a deep geothermal heat storage module. The waste heat direct recovery and utilization module includes a heat exchanger 1 and a water pump 1 connected in sequence. The front end of the heat exchanger 1 is connected to the data center, and the rear end of the water pump 1 is connected to the end user. The organic Rankine cycle power generation module includes a heat exchanger 2, a turbine, a condenser, and a compressor connected in sequence. The rear end of the turbine is connected to a generator, and the rear end of the generator is connected to the end user. The deep geothermal heat storage module includes a heat exchanger 3, a water pump 3, and a deep geothermal heat storage device connected in sequence. The deep geothermal heat storage device is connected to the heat exchanger 2. The heat exchanger 1 is sequentially connected to a water pump 2, a heat pump unit 1, and a valve group, and the valve group is respectively connected to the heat exchanger 2 and the heat exchanger 3. The present invention can achieve the efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat from the data center in the deep geothermal space, improve the energy utilization efficiency, and promote green and low-carbon development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy processing, and particularly relates to a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery of a data center and deep underground heat storage. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, underground data centers have become widely popular due to their inherent advantages such as energy conservation, high security, and stable operating environment. Examples include the Helsinki underground digital center in Finland and the Lefdal data center in Norway. However, during operation, data centers generate a large amount of low-grade waste heat, usually in the range of 30°C to 60°C. Traditional cooling systems usually directly discharge this part of the waste heat, resulting in energy waste. At the same time, data centers have extremely high energy consumption requirements for cooling systems, further exacerbating the energy consumption problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery of a data center and deep underground heat storage, which can achieve efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat in a deep underground space of a data center, improve energy utilization efficiency, and promote green and low-carbon development.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery of a data center and deep underground heat storage, including a direct waste heat recovery and utilization module, an organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and a deep underground heat storage module, wherein:

[0005] The direct waste heat recovery and utilization module includes a heat exchanger I and a water pump I connected in sequence. The front end of the heat exchanger I is connected to the data center, and the rear end of the water pump I is connected to the end user;

[0006] The organic Rankine cycle power generation module includes a heat exchanger II, a turbine, a condenser, and a compressor connected in sequence. The rear end of the turbine is connected to a generator, and the rear end of the generator is connected to the end user;

[0007] The deep underground heat storage module includes a heat exchanger III, a water pump III, and a deep underground heat storage device connected in sequence. The deep underground heat storage device is connected to the heat exchanger II;

[0008] The heat exchanger I is also connected in sequence with a water pump II, a heat pump unit I, and a valve group. The valve group is respectively connected to the heat exchanger II and the heat exchanger III.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: a regenerator is connected between the turbine and the condenser, a heat pump unit II is connected between the deep underground heat storage device and the heat exchanger II, the regenerator is connected to the heat pump unit II, and the heat pump unit II is connected to the end user through a valve.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the thermoelectric conversion system further includes a controller I, a controller II, and a controller III that respectively regulate the operation of the direct waste heat recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep underground heat storage module.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a filtering device is connected between the heat exchanger III and the water pump III.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: when the surplus heat is excessive, the surplus heat passes through the heat exchanger III and the filtering device, and is injected into the deep geothermal heat storage device for storage under the action of the water pump III.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: when the surplus heat is insufficient, the heat stored in the deep geothermal heat storage device is heated up by the heat pump unit II, supplied to the organic Rankine cycle power generation module for power generation, and the remaining heat is supplied to the end user through the valve.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The deep geothermal heat storage technology is combined with the organic Rankine cycle power generation technology and reasonably applied to the underground data center, realizing the long-term storage and efficient power generation utilization of surplus heat;

[0016] The surplus heat direct recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and the deep geothermal heat storage module are all equipped with controllers, which can monitor and optimize the operation of the whole system, reasonably distribute the surplus heat, realize the comprehensive utilization of heat storage, heating and power generation of the surplus heat, effectively overcome the shortcomings of the single utilization of traditional surplus heat resources, and improve the overall utilization efficiency of the system;

[0017] The addition of the heat pump unit in the system increases the temperature of the surplus heat, thereby further improving the system efficiency of the deep geothermal heat storage module and the organic Rankine cycle power generation module; the setting of the regenerator realizes the regenerative cycle, reduces the heat loss during the condensation of the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and can further save energy. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric conversion system based on the surplus heat recovery and deep geothermal heat storage of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the thermoelectric conversion system based on the surplus heat recovery and deep geothermal heat storage of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure, 1. Data center, 2. Heat exchanger I, 3. Controller I, 4. Water pump I, 5. End user, 6. Water pump II, 7. Heat pump unit I, 8. Valve group, 9. Controller II, 10. Heat exchanger II, 11. Turbine, 12. Generator, 13. Regenerator, 14. Condenser, 15. Compressor, 16. Heat exchanger III, 17. Filtering device, 18. Water pump III, 19. Deep geothermal heat storage device, 20. Controller III, 21. Heat pump unit II, 22. Valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery from a data center and deep geothermal energy storage includes a direct waste heat recovery and utilization module, an organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and a deep geothermal energy storage module, where:

[0023] The direct waste heat recovery and utilization module includes a heat exchanger 2 and a water pump 4 connected in sequence. The front end of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the data center 1, and the rear end of the water pump 4 is connected to the end user 5.

[0024] The organic Rankine cycle power generation module includes a heat exchanger 10, a turbine 11, a condenser 14, and a compressor 15 connected in sequence to form a loop. The rear end of the turbine 11 is connected to a generator 12, and the rear end of the generator 12 is connected to the end user 5.

[0025] The deep geothermal energy storage module includes a heat exchanger 16, a water pump 18, and a deep geothermal energy storage device 19 connected in sequence. The deep geothermal energy storage device 19 is connected to the heat exchanger 10.

[0026] The heat exchanger 2 is further connected in sequence to a water pump 6, a heat pump unit 7, and a valve group 8. The valve group 8 is respectively connected to the heat exchanger 10 and the heat exchanger 16.

[0027] In the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, there is heat loss during the operation of the condenser 14. In order to reduce heat loss, further, a regenerator 13 is connected between the turbine 11 and the condenser 14, a heat pump unit 21 is connected between the deep geothermal energy storage device 19 and the heat exchanger 10, the regenerator 13 is connected to the heat pump unit 21, and the heat pump unit 21 is connected to the end user 5 through a valve 22. The regenerator 13 can recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the turbine 11 to realize a regenerative cycle, thereby effectively reducing the heat loss during the condensation of the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and further saving energy.

[0028] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the thermoelectric conversion system further includes a controller 3, a controller 9, and a controller 20 for respectively regulating the operations of the direct waste heat recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep geothermal energy storage module. The addition of the controller can monitor and optimize the regulation of the entire thermoelectric conversion system, and can reasonably control the working states of the water pump 4, the water pump 6, and the water pump 18 according to the waste heat situation, so as to realize the coordinated cooperation of the direct waste heat recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep geothermal energy storage module.

[0029] Further, a filtering device 17 is connected between the heat exchanger 16 and the water pump 18. It is used to prevent underground impurities from entering the deep geothermal energy storage module and protect the system equipment.

[0030] When the temperature is relatively high in summer, it will cause an excess of surplus heat in the data center 1. To avoid energy waste, further, when there is an excess of surplus heat, the surplus heat passes through the heat exchanger three 16 and the filter device 17, and is injected into the deep geothermal heat storage device 19 for storage under the action of the water pump three 18.

[0031] Further, when there is insufficient surplus heat, the heat stored in the deep geothermal heat storage device 19 is heated up by the heat pump unit two 21 to supply power generation for the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the remaining heat is supplied to the end user 5 through the valve 22. By reasonably storing the heat when there is an excess of surplus heat in the deep geothermal heat storage device 19 and releasing and supplementing it when there is insufficient surplus heat, the surplus heat resources of the data center 1 are reasonably and fully utilized.

[0032] The end user 5 includes the heating and electricity demands of the surrounding residents and the data center. By reasonably storing during the surplus heat process, the energy utilization efficiency is enhanced.

[0033] When the present invention is specifically implemented:

[0034] The surplus heat of the data center 1 exchanges heat with the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger one 2. The controller one 3 controls the operation of the water pump one 4. After the heat exchange, part of the heat transfer medium, under the action of the water pump one 4, supplies the low-temperature surplus heat for the end user 5 to use; the other part of the heat transfer medium is sent to the heat pump unit one 7 by the water pump two 6 to be heated into medium- and high-temperature surplus heat, and then enters the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and the deep geothermal heat storage module through the valve group 8;

[0035] The heat transfer medium can be a fluorocarbon or alkane organic working medium, such as R245fa, cyclohexane, etc. Figure 1 The single arrow in it reflects the principle of waste heat recovery and utilization, rather than the complete flow path of the heat transfer medium. In actual operation, the heat transfer medium is in a circulating state, and the heat transfer medium is recycled again after completing heat exchange in each stage of the heat exchanger.

[0036] The controller one 3 includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an intelligent control system. Among them, each sensor is used to monitor physical parameters such as the temperature and pressure of the heat transfer medium in real time, so as to better cooperate with the intelligent control system for optimal regulation. The intelligent control system will perform data analysis based on the temperature of the heat transfer medium and the heat demand of the user. For example, when the temperature of the heat transfer medium is relatively high and the heat demand of the user is relatively small in summer, the intelligent control system reduces the flow rate of the heat transfer medium and the heat supply by controlling the water pump one 4 to achieve the energy management of the system.

[0037] In the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, the organic working fluid pressurized by the compressor 15 absorbs high-temperature waste heat in the heat exchanger II 10 to form high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the turbine 11, expands in the turbine 11 and drives the internal blades to rotate. The thermal energy released by the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is converted into mechanical energy to drive the turbine 11 to do work; the rotating blades of the turbine 11 are connected to the generator 12, and the generator 12 converts the mechanical energy of the turbine 11 into electrical energy through the change of the magnetic field. The electrical energy is transmitted to the end user 5 and can be used by the data center 1 and the surrounding residents; the low-pressure exhausted gas discharged from the turbine 11 first passes through the regenerator 13, and the waste heat of the exhausted gas is recovered by the heat transfer working fluid and transported to the heat pump unit II 21 for reuse; subsequently, the exhausted gas is cooled and condensed into a liquid organic working fluid in the condenser 14, and the liquid organic working fluid re-enters the compressor 15 for pressurization to achieve recycling; the controller II 9 includes temperature and pressure sensors and a control system. Each sensor monitors the physical property parameters of the organic working fluid in real time. The control system aims to achieve the maximum power generation efficiency, obtains the control scheme through data analysis and algorithm optimization, makes the organic Rankine cycle power generation module in the best operating condition, and transmits the control command to the valve group 8 and the heat exchanger II 10 to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0038] In the deep geothermal energy storage module, when there is an excess of waste heat in summer, the medium-temperature waste heat is injected into the deep geothermal energy storage device 19 through the heat exchanger III 16 and the filtering device 17; in winter, when the waste heat of the data center 1 is insufficient, the heat stored in the deep geothermal energy storage module is heated by the heat pump unit II 21 and supplied to the organic Rankine cycle power generation module for power generation. The remaining heat is supplied to the end user 5 through the valve 22; the controller III 20 includes a temperature sensor, a flow meter, and an intelligent control system. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature distribution of the deep geothermal energy storage layer in real time to ensure the efficiency of waste heat injection and storage. The flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of the heat transfer working fluid injected and extracted and optimize the system operation. The intelligent control system aims to achieve the maximum power generation efficiency and heating demand, and realizes the dynamic balance of power generation and heating through data analysis and algorithm optimization.

[0039] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, the present invention is divided into three modules, and each module is equipped with a controller. A part of the low-temperature waste heat in the data center 1 enters the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, and is supplied to the end user 5 through the first heat exchanger 2; the remaining waste heat is heated by the first heat pump unit 7, and a part of the high-temperature waste heat is transported to the organic Rankine cycle power generation module for power generation. The exhaust gas generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation module is reused through the regenerative cycle. The electric energy generated by the organic Rankine cycle power generation module can be supplied to the data center 1 again, and the remaining electricity can be supplied to the surrounding residents; a part of the medium-temperature waste heat enters the deep geothermal energy storage module for storage, and the stored heat is used for both power generation in the organic Rankine cycle power generation module and heating for users in winter. The first controller 3, the second controller 9, and the third controller 20 cooperate with each other to ensure the deep geothermal energy storage efficiency, and considering the comprehensive power generation efficiency and heating demand, achieve the dynamic balance between power generation and heating in the organic Rankine cycle power generation module.

Claims

1. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery from data centers and deep ground heat storage, characterized in that: It includes waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, organic Rankine cycle power generation module and deep ground heat storage module, among which: The waste heat direct recovery and utilization module comprises a heat exchanger 1 (2) and a water pump 1 (4) which are connected in sequence, wherein the front end of the heat exchanger 1 (2) is connected to the data center (1), and the back end of the water pump 1 (4) is connected to the end user (5); The organic Rankine cycle power generation module comprises a heat exchanger 2 (10), a turbine (11), a condenser (14), and a compressor (15) which are connected in sequence, wherein the rear end of the turbine (11) is connected to a generator (12), and the rear end of the generator (12) is connected to a terminal user (5); The deep ground heat storage module comprises a heat exchanger three (16), a water pump three (18), and a deep ground heat storage device (19) which are connected in sequence, and the deep ground heat storage device (19) is connected to the heat exchanger two (10); Heat exchanger 1 (2) is also connected in sequence to water pump 2 (6), heat pump unit 1 (7), and valve group (8), and valve group (8) is respectively connected to heat exchanger 2 (10) and heat exchanger 3 (16).

2. According to claim 1, a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data centers is characterized in that: A regenerator (13) is connected between the turbine (11) and the condenser (14), a heat pump unit 2 (21) is connected between the deep earth heat storage device (19) and the second heat exchanger (10), the regenerator (13) is connected to the heat pump unit 2 (21), and the heat pump unit 2 (21) is connected to the terminal user (5) via a valve (22).

3. According to claim 2, a thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data centers is characterized in that: The thermoelectric conversion system also includes controller 1 (3), controller 2 (9), and controller 3 (20) for respectively regulating the operation of the waste heat direct recovery and utilization module, the organic Rankine cycle power generation module, and the deep ground heat storage module.

4. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data centers according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A filtering device (17) is connected between the heat exchanger three (16) and the water pump three (18).

5. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data center according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the waste heat is in excess, the waste heat passes through the heat exchanger three (16) and the filter device (17), and is injected into the deep ground heat storage device (19) for storage under the action of the water pump three (18).

6. A thermoelectric conversion system based on waste heat recovery and deep ground heat storage in data center according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the residual heat is insufficient, the heat stored in the deep ground heat storage device (19) is heated by the heat pump unit 2 (21) to supply the organic Rankine cycle power generation module with electricity, and the residual heat is supplied to the end user (5) through the valve (22).

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