A device and method for measuring coaxiality of a plurality of small holes in a housing inner cavity fitting a circle and an outer circle

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of precision measurement, and discloses a device and method for measuring the coaxiality of multiple small-hole fitting circles in the inner cavity of a shell and an outer circle. The device comprises a measuring base, a limiting block, a measuring core rod, a measuring table stand and a measuring table. The limiting block and the measuring table stand are arranged on the measuring base, the measuring core rod can be detachably connected with the shell to be measured, and the measuring table is connected with the measuring table stand. The measuring method is accurately designed for the coaxiality of the four small-hole fitting circles in the inner cavity and the outer circle of the shell with complex structure. Through the cooperation of the limiting block and the shell support frame, the stability and accuracy of the shell to be measured during the measuring process are ensured, and through the measuring table and the measuring core rod, the measuring process is simplified and the measuring data is accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of precision measurement, and in particular to a device and method for measuring the coaxiality of a plurality of small holes in the inner cavity of a shell fitting a circle and an outer circle. BACKGROUND

[0002] A certain type of gyroscope shell structure is relatively complex, with multiple sizes and positions, high precision requirements, great processing difficulty, and long processing cycle. The structure of the shell can be as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 Therefore, due to the structural characteristics of the shell itself, many sizes and positions are difficult to detect directly using conventional methods, especially the coaxiality of the four small holes in the inner cavity fitting a circle and an outer circle. The accuracy of the detection results will directly affect the part and determine whether the part is qualified. Moreover, if the detection results are inaccurate, it will seriously affect the subsequent related operations.

[0003] Specifically, the coaxiality of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the shell fitting a circle and an outer circle is difficult to measure accurately due to the narrow inner cavity, complex shape, and small amount of entity that can be extracted. The size, shape, and position accuracy are high, especially the accuracy of the inner cavity boss is 0.002, which is difficult to process. The requirements for personnel, machine tools, tools, and alignment are high. The thinnest wall thickness after processing is only 0.2, which belongs to a typical thin-walled part. Therefore, it is a difficult problem for measurement personnel to choose the appropriate measurement method and accurately and efficiently measure these measured elements.

[0004] In the past, when measuring the coaxiality of the inner cavity deep hole and the outer circle of the shell, a three-coordinate optical system was often used to measure the part. This measurement method can only measure the diameter elements of the hole part, but cannot measure the internal cross section of the hole. Because of the existence of the row position error, the measurement data will be distorted and cannot be determined, which will affect the efficiency and quality of the measurement.

[0005] Therefore, a new device and measurement method are needed. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a device and method for measuring the coaxiality of a plurality of small holes in the inner cavity of a shell fitting a circle and an outer circle.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is:

[0008] A device for measuring the coaxiality of a plurality of small holes in the inner cavity of a shell fitting a circle and an outer circle, the device comprising a measurement base, a limiting block, a measurement core rod, a measurement table stand, and a measurement table. The limiting block and the measurement table stand are both arranged on the measurement base. The measurement core rod can be detachably connected to the shell to be measured. The measurement table is connected to the measurement table stand.

[0009] The shell comprises a shell body, a shell cavity hole and shell cavity small holes. The shell body is arranged along the vertical direction, and the middle and lower parts of the shell body are coaxially and integrally formed with the shell cavity hole. The shell cavity small holes are arranged in several numbers and are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumferential direction. The shell cavity small holes are arranged on the upper part of the shell body above the shell cavity hole and are arranged in communication with the shell cavity.

[0010] Further, the measuring base comprises a base body, a shell support frame and a measuring table support frame. The base body is arranged along the horizontal direction. The measuring table support frame and the shell support frame are both arranged along the vertical direction. The horizontal one side of the upper surface of the base body is provided with the shell support frame. The shell support frame is arranged to match the shape of the shell cavity hole of the shell to be measured. The shell to be measured can be coaxially and slidably arranged on the shell support frame through the shell cavity hole. The shell to be measured arranged on the shell support frame can rotate along the circumferential direction around the axis. The horizontal other side of the upper surface of the base body is provided with the measuring table support frame. The measuring table support frame and the shell support frame are arranged in the same horizontal line along the horizontal direction.

[0011] The limiting block is arranged in one or more than two numbers and along the vertical direction. The more than two limiting blocks are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumferential direction. The limiting block is arranged to be detachably connected with the upper part of the base body. The limiting block can be arranged to match the outer circle of the shell to be measured. The limiting block is arranged to be close to the shell support frame.

[0012] The measuring table frame is arranged along the horizontal direction. The horizontal one end of the measuring table frame is arranged to be detachably connected with the upper part of the measuring table support frame.

[0013] The measuring table is arranged along the vertical direction and comprises a measuring table fixing part, a measuring table body and a measuring table needle arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The upper part of the measuring table fixing part is arranged to be detachably connected with the horizontal other end of the measuring table frame. The lower part of the measuring table fixing part is arranged to be connected with the upper part of the measuring table body. The measuring table fixing part can fix the measuring table body. The lower part of the measuring table body is arranged to be connected with the measuring table needle.

[0014] The measuring core rod is arranged in several numbers. The measuring core rod can be arranged to be detachably connected with the shell cavity small hole of the shell to be measured. The bottom of the measuring core rod arranged on the shell cavity small hole can be arranged to be detachably arranged on the upper surface of the shell support frame.

[0015] Further, the measuring table is a lever table.

[0016] The method for measuring the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the plurality of small holes in the shell cavity and the outer circle by using the device as described above comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) Device placement

[0018] Place the measuring base on the platform, align the measuring surface, and make the flatness less than 0.002m;

[0019] (2) Assemble the measuring device

[0020] According to the size of the shell to be measured, install the limiting block, shell support frame and measuring table support frame on the base, then place the shell to be measured coaxially on the shell support frame, while ensuring that the outer surface of the shell to be measured is tightly attached to the inner surface of the limiting block, then slightly rotate the shell to be measured and adjust the limiting block, so that the shell to be measured does not move left and right on the shell support frame, then pass the measuring core rod through the shell cavity small hole along the vertical direction, one measuring core rod is arranged for each shell cavity small hole, the lower end of the measuring core rod is placed on the upper surface of the base body, then connect and install the measuring table, measuring table frame and measuring table support frame, so that the measuring table naturally falls and is placed in the vertical direction, then fix the measuring table through the measuring table fixing piece;

[0021] (3) Coaxiality measurement

[0022] Adjust the measuring table frame so that the measuring table needle is close to any one of the measuring core rods, then rotate the shell coaxiality error value according to the minimum area method, measure and record the positions of the corresponding points of each core rod relative to the reference formed by the limiting block and the outer circle in the cross section in turn, and take the maximum value of the reading difference of each corresponding point as the coaxiality error.

[0023] The advantages and positive effects obtained by the present application are:

[0024] 1. The measuring device of the present application is designed for the measurement of the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the complex structure of the shell and the outer circle, and has good adaptability and universality. The detachable connection mode and modular design are adopted, and the measuring base, limiting block, measuring core rod and other components can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to the size and shape of different shells. This design makes the measuring device of the present application widely applicable to the measurement of various types and specifications of shell parts, improving the utilization rate and measurement efficiency of the equipment.

[0025] 2. The measuring method of the present application is precisely designed for the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the complex structure of the shell and the outer circle. Through the cooperation of the limiting block and the shell support frame, the stability and accuracy of the shell to be measured during the measurement process are ensured, and through the measuring table and the measuring core rod, the measurement process is simplified and the measurement data is accurate. At the same time, using the detachable measuring core rod and measuring table frame, the measurement task can be quickly and simply completed. Compared with the traditional measurement method, the present application significantly improves the measurement accuracy, reduces the measurement error, shortens the measurement period and improves the work efficiency.

[0026] 3, The device comprises a measuring base, a limiting block, a measuring core rod, a measuring table frame and a measuring table, the shell to be measured is placed on the measuring base, the measuring position is fixed by the limiting block, a plurality of measuring core rods are placed at one end of the measuring base by penetrating through the small holes of the shell to be measured, the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the shell cavity and the outer circle is obtained by rotating the shell and the coaxiality of the measuring outer circle and the measuring core rod. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacturing, improved measuring precision of the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the shell cavity and the outer circle, reduced measuring error, shortened measuring period and improved work efficiency. The measuring device has good adaptability and universality. The device can effectively solve the problem that the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the shell cavity and the outer circle is not easy to measure, and can accurately measure the coaxiality, thereby improving the measuring efficiency.

[0027] 4, When the device is used, the shell to be measured is sleeved on the shell support frame, appropriate limiting blocks are selected to limit and fix the shell to be measured on the shell support frame, so that the shell can rotate but cannot move horizontally, the measuring table, the measuring table frame and the measuring table support frame are connected and assembled, the measuring table is freely hung down and can be placed in the vertical direction, the measuring core rod is inserted into the small hole in the shell cavity in the vertical direction, and the needle of the measuring table is close to the measuring core rod. At this time, the device is assembled. Adjust the measuring table frame so that the measuring needle is close to any measuring core rod, then rotate the shell, the coaxiality error value is evaluated by the minimum area method, and the positions of the corresponding points of each core rod relative to the reference formed by the limiting block and the outer circle are measured and recorded in sequence. Take the maximum value of the reading difference of each corresponding point as the coaxiality error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structure connection schematic view of the device;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structure connection schematic view of the device; Figure 1

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structure connection schematic view of the device; Figure 2

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structure connection schematic view of the device;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structure connection schematic view of the device; Figure 1

[0033] It is a structure connection schematic view of the device; Figure 6

[0034] Figure 7 ​​​A structure connection schematic view of a shell in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The application will be further described in connection with specific embodiments, the following examples are only descriptive, not limiting, and cannot limit the protection scope of the application.

[0036] The raw materials used in the application are conventional commercially available products, unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the application are conventional methods in the art, unless otherwise specified, and the quality of each substance used in the application is conventional quality.

[0037] A device for measuring the coaxiality of a plurality of small holes fitting circles in the inner cavity of a shell and an outer circle, as shown in Figures 1 to 7 The device includes a measuring base 1, a limiting block 2, a measuring core rod 3, a measuring table stand 4 and a measuring table 5, the limiting block and the measuring table stand are arranged on the measuring base, the measuring core rod can be detachably connected with the shell to be measured 6, the measuring table is arranged in connection with the measuring table stand, and the measuring table can measure the coaxiality of the shell to be measured.

[0038] The shell includes a shell body 60, a shell inner cavity hole 61 and a shell inner cavity small hole 62, the shell body is arranged in a vertical direction, and a lower part of the shell body is coaxially integrated with the shell inner cavity hole, the shell inner cavity small hole is arranged on the upper part of the shell body above the shell inner cavity hole, and is arranged in communication with the shell inner cavity.

[0039] The device includes a measuring base, a limiting block, a measuring core rod, a measuring table stand and a measuring table, the shell to be measured is placed on the measuring base, the measuring position is fixed by the limiting block, a plurality of measuring core rods are placed at one end of the measuring base through the small holes of the shell to be measured, and the coaxiality of the fitting circles of the plurality of small holes in the inner cavity and the outer circle is obtained by rotating the shell and measuring the coaxiality of the outer circle and the measuring core rod. The device has simple structure and is easy to manufacture, can improve the measurement precision of the coaxiality of the fitting circles of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circle, reduce the measurement error, shorten the measurement period and improve the work efficiency. The measuring device has good adaptability and universality. The device can effectively solve the problem that the coaxiality of the fitting circles of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circle is not easy to measure, can accurately measure the coaxiality and improve the measurement efficiency.

[0040] In the embodiment, the measuring base comprises a base body 11, a shell support frame 12 and a measuring table support frame 13, the base body is arranged in a horizontal direction, the measuring table support frame and the shell support frame are arranged in a vertical direction, a horizontal side of the upper surface of the base body is provided with the shell support frame, the shell support frame is arranged in a shape matched with the shell inner cavity hole of the shell to be measured, the shell to be measured can be coaxially and slidably arranged on the shell support frame through the shell inner cavity hole, and the shell to be measured arranged on the shell support frame can rotate in a circumferential direction about the axis thereof, which enables the shell to be measured to rotate during detection, and thus the coaxialities of the plurality of shell inner cavity small holes and the outer circle of the shell to be measured can be detected, and thus the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the plurality of shell inner cavity small holes and the outer circle can be finally detected; a horizontal side of the upper surface of the base body is provided with the measuring table support frame, and the measuring table support frame and the shell support frame are arranged in a same horizontal line along the horizontal direction;

[0041] The limiting blocks are arranged in one or more than two, and are arranged in a vertical direction, the more than two limiting blocks are arranged in a circumferential direction in a uniform and spaced manner, the limiting blocks are arranged in a detachable manner with the upper part of the base body, the limiting blocks can be arranged in a matched manner with the outer circle of the shell to be measured, the limiting blocks are arranged in a close and spaced manner with the shell support frame, the limiting blocks can limit and fix the shell to be measured arranged on the shell support frame, so as to avoid the change of the position of the shell to be measured during detection, affect the detection result, and improve the accuracy of detection;

[0042] The measuring table frame is arranged in a horizontal direction in a tilted manner, and a horizontal end of the measuring table frame is arranged in a detachable manner with the upper part of the measuring table support frame;

[0043] The measuring table is arranged in a vertical direction, and comprises a measuring table fixing member 51, a measuring table body 52 and a measuring table needle 53 arranged in a sequential and connected manner from top to bottom, the upper part of the measuring table fixing member is arranged in a detachable manner with the horizontal end of the measuring table frame, the lower part of the measuring table fixing member is connected with the upper part of the measuring table body, the measuring table fixing member can fix the measuring table body, the lower part of the measuring table body is connected with the measuring table needle, and the measuring table needle can measure the coaxiality between the measuring mandrel arranged below the measuring table needle and the outer circle of the shell to be measured;

[0044] The measuring mandrel is arranged in a plurality of, the measuring mandrel can be arranged in a detachable manner with the shell inner cavity small hole of the shell to be measured, and the bottom of the measuring mandrel arranged on the shell inner cavity small hole can be arranged in a detachable manner on the upper surface of the shell support frame.

[0045] The device is used by sleeving the shell to be measured on the shell support frame, selecting appropriate limiting blocks to position and fix the shell to be measured on the shell support frame, enabling the shell to rotate but not to move horizontally, connecting and assembling the measuring table, the measuring table frame and the measuring table support frame, enabling the measuring table to freely hang down and to be placed along the vertical direction, inserting the measuring core rod into the small holes in the inner cavity of the shell along the vertical direction, and enabling the hands of the measuring table to be close to the measuring core rod, thereby completing the assembly of the device.

[0046] In the embodiment, the measuring table is a lever table, which is a measuring instrument for measuring the geometric error and mutual position accuracy of a workpiece and can measure length by comparison method, and the detection result is very accurate.

[0047] The method for measuring the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circle of the shell by using the device for measuring the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the plurality of small holes in the inner cavity of the shell and the outer circle of the shell comprises the following steps:

[0048] (1) Device placement

[0049] Place the measuring base on the platform, align the measuring surface, and make the flatness less than 0.002 m;

[0050] (2) Assemble the measuring device

[0051] According to the size of the shell to be measured, install the limiting blocks, the shell support frame and the measuring table support frame on the base, place the shell to be measured coaxially on the shell support frame, and ensure that the outer surface of the shell to be measured is in close contact with the inner surface of the limiting block, then slightly rotate the shell to be measured and adjust the limiting block, so that the shell to be measured does not move left and right on the shell support frame, then insert the measuring core rod through the small holes in the inner cavity of the shell along the vertical direction, one measuring core rod is arranged in each small hole in the inner cavity of the shell, the lower end of the measuring core rod is placed on the upper surface of the base body, then connect and install the measuring table, the measuring table frame and the measuring table support frame, enable the measuring table to naturally hang down and place along the vertical direction, and then fix the measuring table by the measuring table fixing member.

[0052] (3) Coaxiality measurement

[0053] Adjust the measuring table frame so that the measuring table needle is close to any one measuring core rod, then rotate the shell, and the coaxiality error value is evaluated by the minimum area method, and the positions of the corresponding points of the core rods in the cross section relative to the reference formed by the limiting block and the outer circle are measured and recorded in turn, and the maximum value of the reading difference of the corresponding points is taken as the coaxiality error.

[0054] Experimental measurement was carried out on 8 shells by using optical measurement and the present measurement method respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Table 1 Experimental measurement coaxiality value

[0056]

[0057] Experimental measurement was carried out on 8 shells by using optical measurement and the present measurement method respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] The present measurement device and method are precisely designed for the coaxiality of the fitting circle of the four small holes in the inner cavity of the complex structure of the shell and the outer circle. Through the cooperation of the limiting block and the shell support frame, the stability and accuracy of the shell to be measured during the measurement process are ensured. At the same time, by using the detachable measuring core rod and the measuring table frame, the measurement task can be quickly and simply completed. Compared with the traditional measurement method, the present application significantly improves the measurement accuracy, reduces the measurement error, shortens the measurement period and improves the work efficiency. The measurement device has good adaptability and universality. Since the detachable connection mode and the modular design are adopted, the measurement base, the limiting block and the measuring core rod can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to the size and shape of different shells. This design makes the measurement device of the present application widely applicable to the measurement of various types and specifications of shell parts, improves the utilization rate and measurement efficiency of the equipment. The present measurement method uses the core rod to simulate the reference element, can measure the effective size of the inner cavity hole, completely solves the measurement limitation caused by the original measurement method using optical measurement, greatly improves the measurement efficiency, and the stable measurement condition ensures the reliability and accuracy of the coaxiality measurement. The present measurement method more effectively shows the influence of the hole internal position error on the measurement result, so that the measurement result is more accurate.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present application are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can understand that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application and the appended claims, therefore, the scope of the present application is not limited to the disclosed content of the embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the coaxiality of a fitted circle and an outer circle within a housing cavity with multiple small holes, characterized in that: The device comprises a measuring base, a limiting block, a measuring core rod, a measuring scale frame and a measuring scale, the limiting block and the measuring scale frame are arranged on the measuring base, the measuring core rod is arranged in detachable connection with the shell to be measured, and the measuring scale is arranged in connection with the measuring scale frame; The shell comprises a shell body, a shell inner cavity hole and shell inner cavity small holes, the shell body is arranged in a vertical direction, and a middle lower part in the shell body is integrally made into the shell inner cavity hole, the shell inner cavity small holes are arranged in a plurality of numbers, and the plurality of shell inner cavity small holes are arranged in a circumferential direction in a uniform and spaced manner, the shell inner cavity small holes are arranged on the shell body above the shell inner cavity hole, and are arranged in communication with the shell inner cavity; The measuring base comprises a base body, a shell support frame and a measuring scale support frame, the base body is arranged in a horizontal direction, the measuring scale support frame and the shell support frame are arranged in a vertical direction, a horizontal side of an upper surface of the base body is provided with the shell support frame, the shell support frame is arranged in matching with the shape of the shell inner cavity hole of the shell to be measured, the shell to be measured is arranged in coaxial sliding on the shell support frame through the shell inner cavity hole, and the shell to be measured arranged on the shell support frame can rotate in a circumferential direction around an axis thereof, a horizontal other side of the upper surface of the base body is provided with the measuring scale support frame, and the measuring scale support frame is arranged in a same horizontal line with the shell support frame in a horizontal direction; The limiting block is arranged in one or more than two numbers, and is arranged in a vertical direction, the more than two limiting blocks are arranged in a circumferential direction in a uniform and spaced manner, the limiting block is arranged in detachable connection with an upper part of the base body, the limiting block can be arranged in matching with an outer circle of the shell to be measured, and the limiting block is arranged in close proximity with the shell support frame in a spaced manner; The measuring scale frame is arranged in a horizontal direction in an inclined manner, a horizontal one end of the measuring scale frame is arranged in detachable connection with an upper part of the measuring scale support frame; The measuring scale is arranged in a vertical direction, and comprises a measuring scale fixing part, a measuring scale body and a measuring scale needle arranged in sequence in connection from top to bottom, an upper part of the measuring scale fixing part is arranged in detachable connection with a horizontal other end of the measuring scale frame, a lower part of the measuring scale fixing part is arranged in connection with an upper part of the measuring scale body, the measuring scale fixing part can fix the measuring scale body, and a lower part of the measuring scale body is arranged in connection with the measuring scale needle; The measuring core rod is arranged in a plurality of numbers, the measuring core rod can be arranged in coaxial detachable connection with the shell inner cavity small hole of the shell to be measured, and a bottom of the measuring core rod arranged on the shell inner cavity small hole can be arranged in detachable connection on an upper surface of the shell support frame.

2. The housing bore multiple aperture coaxiality measuring device of claim 1, wherein: The measuring scale is a lever scale.

3. A method for measuring the coaxiality of the fitting circle of a plurality of small holes in the inner cavity of a shell with an outer circle using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: (1) Device placement Place the measuring base on a platform, align the measuring surface, and make the flatness less than 0.002 m; (2) Assemble the measuring device According to the size of the shell to be measured, the limiting block, the shell support frame and the measuring table support frame are installed on the base, then the shell to be measured is coaxially placed on the shell support frame, and the outer surface of the shell to be measured is arranged close to the inner surface of the limiting block, then the shell to be measured is slightly rotated and the limiting block is adjusted, so that the shell to be measured is not moved left and right on the shell support frame, then the measuring core rod is vertically inserted through the shell inner cavity small hole, one measuring core rod is arranged for each shell inner cavity small hole, the lower end of the measuring core rod is placed on the upper surface of the base body, then the measuring table, the measuring table frame and the measuring table support frame are connected and installed, so that the measuring table is naturally hung and arranged in the vertical direction, then the measuring table is fixed through the measuring table fixing piece; (3) Coaxiality measurement The measuring table frame is adjusted, so that the measuring table needle is close to any one measuring core rod, then the shell is rotated, the coaxiality error value is evaluated according to the minimum zone method, the positions of the corresponding points of the core rods in the cross section relative to the reference formed by the limiting block and the outer circle are measured and recorded in sequence, and the maximum value in the reading difference of the corresponding points is taken as the coaxiality error.

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