Inclinometer

Abstract

The invention provides a clinometer, which belongs to the technical field of side slope landslide monitoring equipment, and comprises at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly comprises a near-end segment close to the earth surface in a working state and a far-end segment far away from the earth surface in the working state, and the near-end segment and the far-end segment are circular pipes axially connected end to end; at least three pressure sensors are arranged at the connecting part of the near-end section and the far-end section; according to the inclinometer, the omnidirectional four-axis structure of the gyroscope is adopted to limit the circumferential rotation between the two sections along the axis, so that the rotation relative to the axis is realized as far as possible; the pressure sensor is used for detecting the extrusion force generated when the two sections rotate relative to each other and rotating the two sections into an angle generated when the two sections rotate relative to each other; one section is provided with a rotatable joint, the two sections can be mutually connected and fixed, and the circumferential angle corresponding relation is unique during connection, so that the measurement accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope and landslide monitoring equipment, and more specifically relates to an inclinometer. Background Art

[0002] Inclinometer is an instrument used to monitor the deformation of engineering structures such as slopes and retaining walls. It determines whether the structural object has tilted or displaced by measuring the inclination angle of the structural object, so as to timely discover and warn of possible safety hazards. Inclinometers are usually composed of sensors, data acquisition systems and data processing software, which can monitor the inclination of structural objects in real time. In slope monitoring, inclinometers are a commonly used monitoring equipment that can effectively help engineering personnel monitor the stability of the slope and take timely measures to prevent landslides and other disasters from occurring on the slope.

[0003] The existing inclinometers used for slope monitoring can only monitor the inclination in a specified direction. When installed, they need to be installed with an inclined tube with a guide groove. It is impossible to obtain omnidirectional landslide direction monitoring, and there will be twisting installation errors when installed in the hole. There is also a segmented inclinometer that can detect from three dimensions and adopts a segmented connection method. It can be installed section by section at the monitoring hole for easy carrying. However, the flexible section connection in the middle causes errors when detecting the absolute inclination of the two segments and then calculating the overall bending of the inclinometer. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide an inclinometer for monitoring deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits; the inclinometer includes at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly includes a proximal segment close to the ground surface in a working state, and a distal segment far from the ground surface in a working state, the proximal segment and the distal segment are circular tubes connected axially; at least three pressure sensors are provided at the connection between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the pressure sensors are used to monitor the contact pressure between the proximal segment and the distal segment; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively inclined, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor can be used to infer the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment; An anti-torsion component is also arranged between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the anti-torsion component is used to prevent twisting between the proximal segment and the distal segment; the anti-torsion component includes an anti-torsion ring coaxial with the proximal segment and the distal segment, the anti-torsion ring is hinged to the proximal segment, and the hinge portion is provided with an x-hinge axis; the anti-torsion ring is hinged to the distal segment, and the hinge portion is provided with a y-hinge axis; the axial directions of the x-hinge axis and the y-hinge axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0005] Preferably, the proximal segment includes a proximal outer tube, the distal segment includes a distal outer tube, the pressure sensor is arranged on the distal outer tube at an end close to the proximal segment, and the end of the proximal outer tube close to the distal segment is connected to the pressure sensor; When the proximal segment and the distal segment bend relative to each other, the x-articulation axis and / or the y-articulation axis rotates, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor close to the inner side of the bend increases. The angle and direction of the relative bending of the proximal segment and the distal segment can be inferred by detecting the pressure values ​​through multiple pressure sensors; when the proximal segment and the distal segment twist relative to each other, the x-articulation axis and the y-articulation axis cannot bend, thereby preventing the proximal segment and the distal segment from twisting relative to each other.

[0006] Preferably, the proximal segment further includes a proximal inner tube, and the distal segment further includes a distal inner tube; the proximal inner tube is arranged inside the proximal outer tube and connected to the proximal outer tube, and the distal inner tube is arranged inside the distal outer tube and connected to the distal outer tube; the signal transmission cable of the pressure sensor is connected to the ground through the inside of the distal inner tube and the inside of the proximal inner tube; The distal inner tube extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube, the anti-torsion assembly is arranged between the distal inner tube and the proximal outer tube, and the anti-torsion ring is arranged on the outer side of the distal inner tube and the inner side of the proximal outer tube; the x-articulated axis connects the anti-torsion ring and the proximal outer tube, and the y-articulated axis connects the anti-torsion ring and the distal inner tube.

[0007] Preferably, the inclinometer comprises a plurality of segment assemblies, each segment assembly is connected end to end in sequence, and in a working state, a distal segment of a segment assembly close to the ground surface is connected to a proximal segment of an adjacent segment assembly; A proximal connector is provided on the proximal segment, and a distal connector is provided on the distal segment; after the segment assembly is connected to the adjacent segment assembly, the proximal connector is connected to the distal connector, and the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors of each segment assembly connected to it can be obtained through the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the surface in the working state.

[0008] Preferably, the proximal connector includes a proximal connection terminal and a proximal connection slot, and the distal connector includes a distal connection terminal and a distal connection plug; the proximal connection terminal and the distal connection terminal match each other, the proximal connection terminal and the distal connection terminal can be plugged into each other, and the electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other; The proximal connection slot and the distal connection plug are used to limit the connection between the two segment components to a preset angle. At the preset angle, the x-articulation axes of the interconnected segment components are parallel to each other, and the y-articulation axes are parallel to each other; and the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment measured by the pressure sensor of the segment component are based on the same reference system.

[0009] Preferably, the inclinometer also includes a communication segment that can be connected to a proximal connector, and the communication segment is connected to the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the surface in a working state; the communication segment also includes a signal cable and a direction mark, the signal cable can obtain pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors of each segment assembly connected thereto; the direction mark is used to mark the reference direction of the bending direction calculated by the pressure sensors of each segment assembly connected thereto.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the proximal segment is provided with an external thread, the end of the distal segment is provided with an internal thread barrel, the internal thread barrel is sleeved on the outside of the distal outer tube, the end of the distal outer tube is provided with a first outward step, and the end of the internal thread barrel is provided with a second inward step, the first step and the second step can limit the internal thread barrel from being separated from the end of the distal outer tube; the internal thread barrel and the distal outer tube can rotate and move axially relative to each other; the inner wall of the internal thread barrel is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread at the end of the proximal segment; When two segment assemblies are connected to each other, the proximal connector and the distal connector are connected to each other, and then the internal threaded barrel is connected to the external thread of the proximal segment end of the adjacent segment assembly to fix the relative positions of the two segment assemblies.

[0011] Preferably, the proximal outer tube includes a main body portion and an extension portion, and the main body portion and the extension portion are connected by threads; the extension portion is connected to the pressure sensor; the distal inner tube extends into the extension portion, and the anti-torsion assembly is arranged in the extension portion.

[0012] Preferably, an upper pressure ring is arranged inside the main body of the proximal outer tube, the proximal inner tube passes through the upper pressure ring, and the upper pressure ring connects the proximal inner tube and the proximal outer tube; a first conical portion is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressure ring; A lower pressure ring is arranged inside the extending part of the proximal outer tube, and a conical hole penetrating the lower pressure ring is arranged at the center of the lower pressure ring, and the conical hole matches the conical angle of the first conical portion; a first flexible connecting ring is arranged at the connecting part of the proximal inner tube and the distal inner tube, one end of the first flexible connecting ring is between the conical hole and the first conical portion, and the other end of the first flexible connecting ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the distal inner tube, and the first flexible connecting ring is used for dust and water prevention of the connecting part of the proximal inner tube and the distal inner tube.

[0013] Preferably, the end portion where the distal outer tube is connected to the proximal outer tube is provided with a third step, the outer diameter of the third step is smaller than the outer diameter of the distal outer tube; a hard ring and a flexible ring are sleeved on the outer side of the third step, the hard ring and the flexible ring are arranged axially along the third step, and the hard ring is arranged between the pressure sensor and the flexible ring; the extension portion abuts against the flexible ring; The distal outer tube is connected to the third step by a thread; the outer side of the extension part is sleeved with a second flexible connection ring, one end of the second flexible connection ring is connected to the threaded connection part of the main part and the extension part, and the other end of the second flexible connection ring is connected to the threaded connection part of the distal outer tube and the third step; The threaded connection parts of the main body and the extension part, and the threaded connection parts of the distal outer tube and the third step are respectively provided with pressing sheets, which are made of flexible materials. The rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing sheets, and the pressing sheets are used to clamp the two ends of the second flexible connection ring; The pressing plate is provided with an outwardly protruding anti-rotation block, and both ends of the second flexible connecting ring are provided with inwardly recessed anti-rotation grooves; the anti-rotation block can be inserted into the anti-rotation groove, and the anti-rotation block and the anti-rotation groove are used to prevent the relative rotation between the pressing plate and the second flexible connecting ring.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an inclinometer uses an omnidirectional four-axis structure of a gyroscope to limit the circumferential rotation of two segments along an axis, so that the segments can rotate relative to the axis as much as possible; a pressure sensor detects the size of the extrusion force when the two segments rotate relative to each other, and converts it into the angle when they rotate relative to each other; a segment has a rotatable joint, and the two segments can be connected and fixed to each other, and the corresponding relationship of the circumferential angles when connected is unique, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present disclosure includes drawings, which should be considered to be included in and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the specification, illustrate various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure, and are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings. Among them: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a use state of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a segment assembly of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a segment assembly of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 6A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a proximal connector of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of an extended portion of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a distal connector of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 is an exploded view of a connection portion between a proximal segment and a distal segment of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 yes Fig.13 A partial enlarged view of the G in the middle; Among them: pressure sensor 10, anti-torsion ring 11, x-articulated axis 12, y-articulated axis 13, proximal outer tube 14, distal outer tube 15, proximal inner tube 16, distal inner tube 17, proximal connecting terminal 21, proximal connecting slot 22, distal connecting terminal 23, distal connecting plug 24, communication segment 31, direction mark 32, internal threaded cylinder 33, first step 34, second step 35, extension part 41, upper pressure ring 42, lower pressure ring 43, first flexible connecting ring 44, third step 51, hard circular ring 52, flexible circular ring 53, pressing sheet 54, stop block 55, stop groove 56, second flexible connecting ring 57. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0017] Inclinometer is an instrument used to monitor the deformation of engineering structures such as slopes and retaining walls. It determines whether the structural object has tilted or displaced by measuring the inclination angle of the structural object, so as to timely discover and warn of possible safety hazards. Inclinometers are usually composed of sensors, data acquisition systems and data processing software, which can monitor the inclination of structural objects in real time. In slope monitoring, inclinometers are a commonly used monitoring equipment that can effectively help engineering personnel monitor the stability of the slope and take timely measures to prevent landslides and other disasters from occurring on the slope.

[0018] The existing inclinometers used for slope monitoring can only monitor the inclination in a specified direction. When installed, they need to be installed with an inclined tube with a guide groove. It is impossible to obtain omnidirectional landslide direction monitoring, and there will be twisting installation errors when installed in the hole. There is also a segmented inclinometer that can detect from three dimensions and adopts a segmented connection method. It can be installed section by section at the monitoring hole for easy carrying. However, the flexible section connection in the middle causes errors when detecting the absolute inclination of the two segments and then calculating the overall bending of the inclinometer.

[0019] In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an inclinometer for monitoring deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits; the inclinometer includes at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly includes a proximal segment close to the ground surface in a working state, and a distal segment far from the ground surface in a working state, the proximal segment and the distal segment are circular tubes connected by axial tails; at least three pressure sensors 10 are provided at the connection part of the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the pressure sensor 10 is used to monitor the contact pressure between the proximal segment and the distal segment; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively inclined, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 10 can be used to infer the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment; An anti-torsion component is also arranged between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the anti-torsion component is used to prevent twisting between the proximal segment and the distal segment; the anti-torsion component includes an anti-torsion ring 11 coaxial with the proximal segment and the distal segment, the anti-torsion ring 11 is hinged to the proximal segment, and the hinged portion is provided with an x-hinge axis 12; the anti-torsion ring 11 is hinged to the distal segment, and the hinged portion is provided with a y-hinge axis 13; the axial directions of the x-hinge axis 12 and the y-hinge axis 13 are perpendicular to each other.

[0020] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the segment assembly is used to monitor the stability inside the slope. The proximal segment is set inside the soil close to the ground surface, and the distal segment is set inside the soil away from the ground surface. When the soil slides, the angle between the proximal segment and the distal segment changes. The pressure sensor 10 at the connection between the proximal segment and the distal segment can monitor the size and direction of the angle change, thereby providing early warning information of natural disasters.

[0021] In some embodiments, an angle warning value may be set, and a warning signal is output when the angle of a segment component exceeds the safety threshold.

[0022] The anti-torsion component is used to prevent torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment. Twisting between the proximal segment and the distal segment will cause errors in the monitoring of the direction of angle change. When the segment component is installed underground, the installation direction and the direction of the real environment have been calibrated. After the direction is calibrated, the direction in which the segment component is bent can be mapped to the direction in the real world.

[0023] This calibration method can be to set a direction mark 32 on the proximal segment of the segment assembly close to the surface in the working state. When the segment assembly is inserted into the surface, the direction mark 32 is aligned with a preset direction, which can be an absolute direction such as due north, due south, etc., or a relative direction such as facing the top or bottom of the slope.

[0024] The directions in which the pressure sensors 10 sense pressure and the directions of the direction markers 32 have been calibrated in advance, so the segment assembly can monitor the size and direction of omnidirectional angle changes in space.

[0025] The x-articulation axis 12 and the y-articulation axis 13 refer to a spatial rectangular coordinate system established at the center of the anti-torsion ring 11, the z-axis is parallel to the axes of the proximal segment and the distal segment, the axis of the x-articulation axis 12 is parallel to the x-axis, and the axis of the y-articulation axis 13 is parallel to the y-axis.

[0026] When a landslide occurs or tends to occur, if the landslide direction is parallel to the x-axis, the segment assembly bends or tends to bend, and the anti-torsion ring 11 rotates around the y-axis. Conversely, if the landslide direction is parallel to the y-axis, the segment assembly bends or tends to bend, and the anti-torsion ring 11 rotates around the x-axis. In addition, if the landslide direction is both in the x-direction and the y-direction, the anti-torsion ring 11 swings.

[0027] If the proximal segment and the distal segment are twisted, twisting refers to the relative rotation between the proximal segment and the distal segment around the z-axis. Twisting is meaningless for landslide monitoring and will cause errors in bending angle monitoring. The anti-torsion ring 11 is used to prevent the proximal segment and the distal segment from twisting.

[0028] Further, the proximal segment includes a proximal outer tube 14, the distal segment includes a distal outer tube 15, the pressure sensor 10 is arranged on the distal outer tube 15 at an end close to the proximal segment, and the end of the proximal outer tube 14 close to the distal segment is connected to the pressure sensor 10; When the proximal segment and the distal segment are bent relative to each other, the x-articulated axis 12 and / or the y-articulated axis 13 rotate, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 close to the inner side of the bend increases. The angle and direction of the relative bending of the proximal segment and the distal segment can be inferred by detecting the pressure values ​​by multiple pressure sensors 10; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are twisted relative to each other, the x-articulated axis 12 and the y-articulated axis 13 cannot bend, thereby preventing the proximal segment and the distal segment from twisting relative to each other.

[0029] In this embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the proximal outer tube 14 and the distal outer tube 15 are cylindrical and hollow inside, and the pressure sensor 10 is arranged on the end of the distal outer tube 15 close to the proximal segment, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, an annular PCB board is arranged inside the distal outer tube 15, the axis of the annular PCB board is colinear with the axis of the distal outer tube 15, and multiple pressure sensors 10 are arranged in an annular shape on the annular PCB board, and the pressure sensors 10 are in contact with the proximal outer tube 14. The bending between the proximal segment and the distal segment will increase the pressure inside the bending part and reduce the pressure outside. The angle and direction of the relative bending of the proximal segment and the distal segment are inferred by detecting the pressure values ​​of the multiple pressure sensors 10.

[0030] Further, the proximal segment further includes a proximal inner tube 16, and the distal segment further includes a distal inner tube 17; the proximal inner tube 16 is disposed inside the proximal outer tube 14 and connected to the proximal outer tube 14, and the distal inner tube 17 is disposed inside the distal outer tube 15 and connected to the distal outer tube 15; the signal transmission cable of the pressure sensor 10 is connected to the ground through the inside of the distal inner tube 17 and the inside of the proximal inner tube 16; The distal inner tube 17 extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube 14, the anti-torsion assembly is arranged between the distal inner tube 17 and the proximal outer tube 14, and the anti-torsion ring 11 is arranged on the outer side of the distal inner tube and the inner side of the proximal outer tube 14; the x-articulated shaft 12 connects the anti-torsion ring 11 and the proximal outer tube 14, and the y-articulated shaft 13 connects the anti-torsion ring 11 and the distal inner tube 17.

[0031] In this embodiment, Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 as well as Fig. 9 As shown, the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 are both cylindrical and hollow inside. The proximal inner tube 16 is sleeved inside the proximal outer tube 14, and the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14 are coaxial; the distal inner tube 17 is sleeved inside the distal outer tube 15, and the distal inner tube 17 and the distal outer tube 15 are coaxial.

[0032] The signal transmission cable of the force sensor is connected to the ground through the inside of the distal inner tube 17 and the inside of the proximal inner tube 16. In some embodiments, the annular PCB board acts as a cable collector, and the cable of the PCB passes through the distal inner tube 17 and the proximal inner tube 16 and is connected to the ground. The ground can be connected to a communication device to send the sensor signal outward.

[0033] In some embodiments, the distal inner tube 17 extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube 14, the anti-torsion component is arranged between the distal inner tube 17 and the proximal outer tube 14, and the anti-torsion ring 11 is arranged on the outside of the distal inner tube and the inside of the proximal outer tube 14.

[0034] Furthermore, the inclinometer comprises a plurality of segment assemblies, each segment assembly is connected end to end in sequence, and in a working state, a distal segment of a segment assembly close to the ground surface is connected to a proximal segment of an adjacent segment assembly; A proximal connector is provided on the proximal segment, and a distal connector is provided on the distal segment; after the segment assembly is connected to the adjacent segment assembly, the proximal connector is connected to the distal connector, and the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensor 10 of each segment assembly connected thereto can be obtained through the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the surface in the working state.

[0035] In this embodiment, the inclinometer includes multiple segment assemblies. For a slope with a complex structure, such as a large slope with multiple layers inside, one segment assembly can monitor the inclination of one position. Multiple segment assemblies can monitor the inclination of multiple positions in the vertical direction.

[0036] Multiple segment assemblies are connected in sequence, and the distal segment of the segment assembly close to the surface is connected to the proximal segment of the adjacent segment assembly in the working state. The proximal connector and the distal connector can fix the relative position of the two segment assemblies connected to each other on the one hand, and can also connect the electrical signals of the two segment assemblies on the other hand. Among the multiple segment assemblies connected, the signals of all the pressure sensors 10 in these segment assemblies can be obtained through any segment assembly.

[0037] In some embodiments, each segment has a unique identification code, and can read the identification code of the next segment, and then synchronously upload it to the server.

[0038] After installation, the direction of the section closest to the ground is measured and its relative angle or absolute angle is recorded to enable multiple sets of measuring equipment to monitor the entire area when they are installed in the area to be measured.

[0039] In some embodiments, each segment assembly may include a processing module for storing the segment identification code, and the segment assembly may transmit the pressure sensor 10 signal to other segment assemblies via the CAN bus protocol, which is a communication protocol for controller area networks. It is a serial communication protocol for data transmission between different devices.

[0040] The length, angle and direction information of each segment component are used to calculate and simulate the segment inclination, and the detection position can be monitored in real time and in all directions.

[0041] Further, the proximal connector includes a proximal connection terminal 21 and a proximal connection slot 22, and the distal connector includes a distal connection terminal 23 and a distal connection plug 24; the proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 match each other, the proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 can be plugged into each other, and the electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other; The proximal connection slot 22 and the distal connection plug 24 are used to limit the connection between the two segment components to a preset angle. At the preset angle, the x-articulation axes 12 of the interconnected segment components are parallel to each other, and the y-articulation axes 13 are parallel to each other; and the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment measured by the pressure sensor 10 of the segment component are based on the same reference system.

[0042] In this embodiment, Fig.10 , Fig.12 As shown, the proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 are electrical signal connectors that match each other. The proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 can be plugged into each other, and the electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other. The position of the proximal connection slot 22 matches the position of the distal connection plug 24. Only when the two segment components are connected at a preset angle can the distal connection plug 24 be connected to the proximal connection slot 22. The preset angle means that the x-axes of the spatial rectangular coordinate system of the two interconnected segment components are parallel to each other, and the y-axes are parallel to each other.

[0043] The proximal connector and the distal connector can keep the interconnected segment components at the same angle in the circumferential direction. The inclination direction monitored by all segment components is related to the direction of the direction mark 32, and the overall sliding tendency of the slope can be obtained through the signals of the pressure sensors 10 of the multiple segment components.

[0044] Furthermore, the inclinometer also includes a communication segment 31 that can be connected to a proximal connector, and the communication segment 31 is connected to the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the surface in the working state; the communication segment 31 also includes a signal cable and a direction mark 32, the signal cable can obtain the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensor 10 of each segment assembly connected thereto; the direction mark 32 is used to mark the reference direction for the pressure sensor 10 of each segment assembly connected thereto to measure the bending direction.

[0045] In this embodiment, the communication segment 31 is connected to the surface. The communication segment 31 is used to obtain signals from the pressure sensors 10 of multiple segment components connected to it and send these signals outward. The communication protocol can be converted to send the information to the server through the network, Bluetooth, etc., and the server side performs unified calculations and early warnings.

[0046] Further, the end of the proximal segment is provided with an external thread, and the end of the distal segment is provided with an internal thread barrel 33, the internal thread barrel 33 is sleeved on the outside of the distal outer tube 15, the end of the distal outer tube 15 is provided with a first outward step 34, and the end of the internal thread barrel 33 is provided with a second inward step 35, the first step 34 and the second step 35 can limit the internal thread barrel 33 from detaching from the end of the distal outer tube 15; the internal thread barrel 33 and the distal outer tube 15 can rotate and move axially relative to each other; the inner wall of the internal thread barrel 33 is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread at the end of the proximal segment; When two segment assemblies are connected to each other, the proximal connector and the distal connector are connected to each other, and then the internal threaded barrel 33 is connected to the external thread of the proximal segment end of the adjacent segment assembly to fix the relative positions of the two segment assemblies.

[0047] In this embodiment, a method for assembling a segment assembly is provided, in which the internal threaded barrel 33 can rotate freely relative to the distal segment, and the internal threaded barrel 33 is rotated to the external threaded portion of the proximal segment of the adjacent segment, and the internal threaded barrel 33 is continuously rotated until the first step 34 and the second step 35 abut against each other to connect the two segment assemblies.

[0048] Furthermore, the proximal outer tube 14 includes a main body and an extension part 41 , which are connected by threads; the extension part 41 is connected to the pressure sensor 10 ; the distal inner tube 17 extends into the extension part, and the anti-torsion assembly is arranged in the extension part 41 .

[0049] In this embodiment, Fig.13 , Fig.14 As shown, the extension 41 mainly facilitates the installation of the torsion-resistant assembly.

[0050] In some embodiments, an upper pressure ring 42 is disposed inside the main body of the proximal outer tube 14, and the proximal inner tube 16 passes through the upper pressure ring 42, and the upper pressure ring 42 connects the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14; a first conical portion is disposed at the bottom of the upper pressure ring 42; A lower pressure ring 43 is arranged inside the extending part 41 of the proximal outer tube 14, and a conical hole penetrating the lower pressure ring 43 is arranged at the center of the lower pressure ring 43, and the conical hole matches the conical angle of the first conical portion; a first flexible connecting ring 44 is arranged at the connecting part of the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17, and one end of the first flexible connecting ring 44 is between the conical hole and the first conical portion, and the other end of the first flexible connecting ring 44 is sleeved on the outer wall of the distal inner tube 17, and the first flexible connecting ring 44 is used for dustproof and waterproofing of the connecting part of the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17.

[0051] The proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 are not directly connected. There is a distance between the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 in the axial direction. The first flexible connecting ring 44 is used to close the gap between the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 to prevent water vapor and dust from entering the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17.

[0052] The angles of the first conical portion on the lower surface of the upper pressure ring 42 and the conical hole on the upper surface of the lower pressure ring 43 match. After the extension part 41 and the main body are connected, the upper end of the first flexible connecting ring 44 can be firmly pressed between the upper pressure ring 42 and the lower pressure ring 43.

[0053] In some embodiments, a connecting ring is provided between the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14, and the connecting ring is used to fix the relative position and relative angle of the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14. A connecting ring is provided between the distal inner tube 17 and the distal outer tube 15, and the connecting ring is used to fix the relative position and relative angle of the distal inner tube 17 and the distal outer tube 15.

[0054] Further, the end of the distal outer tube 15 connected to the proximal outer tube 14 is provided with a third step 51, and the outer diameter of the third step 51 is smaller than the outer diameter of the distal outer tube 15; the outer side of the third step 51 is sleeved with a hard ring 52 and a flexible ring 53, and the hard ring 52 and the flexible ring 53 are axially arranged along the third step 51, and the hard ring 52 is arranged between the pressure sensor 10 and the flexible ring 53; the extension portion 41 abuts against the flexible ring 53; The distal outer tube 15 is connected to the third step 51 by threads; the outer side of the extension part 41 is sleeved with a second flexible connection ring 57, one end of the second flexible connection ring 57 is connected to the threaded connection part between the main part and the extension part 41, and the other end of the second flexible connection ring 57 is connected to the threaded connection part between the distal outer tube 15 and the third step 51; The threaded connection parts of the main body and the extension part 41, and the threaded connection parts of the distal outer tube 15 and the third step 51 are respectively provided with pressing pieces 54, which are made of flexible material. The rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing piece 54, and the pressing piece 54 is used to clamp the two ends of the second flexible connection ring 57; The pressing plate 54 is provided with an outwardly protruding anti-rotation block 55, and both ends of the second flexible connecting ring 57 are provided with inwardly recessed anti-rotation grooves 56; the anti-rotation block 55 can be inserted into the anti-rotation groove 56, and the anti-rotation block 55 and the anti-rotation groove 56 are used to prevent the relative rotation between the pressing plate 54 and the second flexible connecting ring 57.

[0055] The hard ring 52 is made of a hard material, is not easily deformed, and can evenly transmit the force. The flexible ring 53 is made of a soft material and can be deformed after receiving an external force. The flexible arc is used to keep the proximal outer tube 14 in contact with the hard ring 52. The hard ring 52 is used to evenly transmit the pressure generated by the bend to the multiple pressure sensors 10.

[0056] The pressing piece 54 can be made of flexible materials such as rubber. The rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing piece 54 to deform it. On the one hand, it can fit tightly against the second flexible ring 53, and on the other hand, it can close the gap of the threaded connection part to play a role in waterproofing and dustproofing.

[0057] like Fig.14 As shown, the stop block 55 can be engaged in the stop groove 56, and the stop block 55 and the stop groove 56 are used to prevent the relative rotation of the pressing plate 54 and the second flexible connecting ring 57. The stop block 55 and the stop groove 56 can prevent the relative rotation between the pressing plate 54 and the second flexible connecting ring 57 when the threaded connecting part is rotated, thereby generating a large friction force that makes it difficult for the threaded connecting part to rotate.

[0058] The various embodiments disclosed in the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In other words, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and improvements to the present invention in form and detail, and these are considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the various embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An inclinometer for monitoring deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits; characterized in that: The inclinometer comprises at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly comprising a proximal segment close to the ground surface in a working state, and a distal segment far from the ground surface in a working state, the proximal segment and the distal segment being circular tubes connected axially at the end; at least three pressure sensors (10) are provided at the connection between the proximal segment and the distal segment, the pressure sensors (10) being used to monitor the contact pressure between the proximal segment and the distal segment; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively inclined, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor (10) can be used to infer the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment; An anti-torsion component is also provided between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and is used to prevent torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment; the anti-torsion component comprises an anti-torsion ring (11) coaxial with the proximal segment and the distal segment, the anti-torsion ring (11) is hinged to the proximal segment, and the hinged portion is provided with an x ​​hinge axis (12); the anti-torsion ring (11) is hinged to the distal segment, and the hinged portion is provided with a y hinge axis (13); the axes of the x hinge axis (12) and the y hinge axis (13) are perpendicular to each other.

2. An inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal segment comprises a proximal outer tube (14), the distal segment comprises a distal outer tube (15), the pressure sensor (10) is arranged on the distal outer tube (15) at an end close to the proximal segment, and the end of the proximal outer tube (14) close to the distal segment is connected to the pressure sensor (10); When the proximal segment and the distal segment are bent relative to each other, the x-articulated axis (12) and / or the y-articulated axis (13) rotate, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (10) close to the inner side of the bend increases. The angle and direction of the relative bending of the proximal segment and the distal segment can be inferred by detecting the pressure values ​​by multiple pressure sensors (10); when the proximal segment and the distal segment are twisted relative to each other, the x-articulated axis (12) and the y-articulated axis (13) cannot bend, thereby preventing the proximal segment and the distal segment from twisting relative to each other.

3. An inclinometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The proximal segment further comprises a proximal inner tube (16), and the distal segment further comprises a distal inner tube (17); the proximal inner tube (16) is arranged inside the proximal outer tube (14) and connected to the proximal outer tube (14), and the distal inner tube (17) is arranged inside the distal outer tube (15) and connected to the distal outer tube (15); the signal transmission cable of the pressure sensor (10) is connected to the ground through the interior of the distal inner tube (17) and the interior of the proximal inner tube (16); The distal inner tube (17) extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube (14); the anti-torsion assembly is arranged between the distal inner tube (17) and the proximal outer tube (14); the anti-torsion ring (11) is arranged on the outer side of the distal inner tube and the inner side of the proximal outer tube (14); the x-articulated shaft (12) connects the anti-torsion ring (11) and the proximal outer tube (14); and the y-articulated shaft (13) connects the anti-torsion ring (11) and the distal inner tube (17).

4. An inclinometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclinometer comprises a plurality of segment assemblies, each segment assembly is connected end to end in sequence, and in a working state, a distal segment of a segment assembly close to the ground surface is connected to a proximal segment of an adjacent segment assembly; A proximal connector is provided on the proximal segment, and a distal connector is provided on the distal segment; after the segment assembly is connected to the adjacent segment assembly, the proximal connector is connected to the distal connector, and the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors (10) of each segment assembly connected thereto can be obtained through the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the ground surface in the working state.

5. An inclinometer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The proximal connector comprises a proximal connection terminal (21) and a proximal connection slot (22), and the distal connector comprises a distal connection terminal (23) and a distal connection plug (24); the proximal connection terminal (21) and the distal connection terminal (23) match each other, the proximal connection terminal (21) and the distal connection terminal (23) can be plugged into each other, and electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other; The proximal connection slot (22) and the distal connection plug (24) are used to restrict the connection of the two segment components to a preset angle. At the preset angle, the x-articulation axes (12) of the segment components connected to each other are parallel to each other, and the y-articulation axes (13) are parallel to each other; and the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment measured by the pressure sensor (10) of the segment component are based on the same reference system.

6. An inclinometer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclinometer further comprises a communication segment (31) capable of being connected to a proximal connector, wherein the communication segment (31) is connected to the proximal connector of a segment assembly close to the ground surface in a working state; the communication segment (31) further comprises a signal cable and a direction mark (32), wherein the signal cable is capable of obtaining pressure value information detected by a pressure sensor (10) of each segment assembly connected thereto; and the direction mark (32) is used to mark a reference direction for the pressure sensor (10) of each segment assembly connected thereto to measure a bending direction.

7. An inclinometer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the proximal segment is provided with an external thread, and the end of the distal segment is provided with an internal thread barrel (33), the internal thread barrel (33) is sleeved on the outside of the distal outer tube (15), the end of the distal outer tube (15) is provided with a first outward step (34), and the end of the internal thread barrel (33) is provided with a second inward step (35), the first step (34) and the second step (35) can limit the internal thread barrel (33) from detaching from the end of the distal outer tube (15); the internal thread barrel (33) and the distal outer tube (15) can rotate relative to each other and move axially; the inner wall of the internal thread barrel (33) is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread at the end of the proximal segment; When two segment assemblies are connected to each other, the proximal connector and the distal connector are connected to each other, and then the internal threaded barrel (33) is connected to the external thread of the proximal segment end of the adjacent segment assembly to fix the relative positions of the two segment assemblies.

8. An inclinometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The proximal outer tube (14) comprises a main body portion and an extension portion (41), the main body portion and the extension portion (41) being connected via threads; the extension portion (41) is connected to the pressure sensor (10); the distal inner tube (17) extends into the extension portion, and the anti-torsion assembly is arranged in the extension portion (41).

9. An inclinometer according to claim 8, characterized in that: An upper pressure ring (42) is arranged inside the main body of the proximal outer tube (14), the proximal inner tube (16) passes through the upper pressure ring (42), and the upper pressure ring (42) connects the proximal inner tube (16) and the proximal outer tube (14); a first conical portion is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressure ring (42); A lower pressure ring (43) is arranged inside the extension part (41) of the proximal outer tube (14), and a tapered hole penetrating the lower pressure ring (43) is arranged at the center of the lower pressure ring (43), and the tapered hole matches the tapered angle of the first tapered portion; a first flexible connecting ring (44) is arranged at the connection part of the proximal inner tube (16) and the distal inner tube (17), one end of the first flexible connecting ring (44) is between the tapered hole and the first tapered portion, and the other end of the first flexible connecting ring (44) is sleeved on the outer wall of the distal inner tube (17), and the first flexible connecting ring (44) is used for dustproof and waterproofing of the connection part of the proximal inner tube (16) and the distal inner tube (17).

10. An inclinometer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end portion of the distal outer tube (15) connected to the proximal outer tube (14) is provided with a third step (51), the outer diameter of the third step (51) being smaller than the outer diameter of the distal outer tube (15); a hard circular ring (52) and a flexible circular ring (53) are sleeved on the outer side of the third step (51), the hard circular ring (52) and the flexible circular ring (53) being arranged axially along the third step (51), the hard circular ring (52) being arranged between the pressure sensor (10) and the flexible circular ring (53); and the extension portion (41) abuts against the flexible circular ring (53); The distal outer tube (15) is connected to the third step (51) by means of a thread; a second flexible connection ring (57) is sleeved on the outer side of the extension portion (41); one end of the second flexible connection ring (57) is connected to the threaded connection portion between the main body portion and the extension portion (41), and the other end of the second flexible connection ring (57) is connected to the threaded connection portion between the distal outer tube (15) and the third step (51); The threaded connection parts of the main body part and the extension part (41), and the threaded connection parts of the distal outer tube (15) and the third step (51) are respectively provided with pressing sheets (54), the pressing sheets (54) are made of a flexible material, and the rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing sheets (54), and the pressing sheets (54) are used to clamp the two ends of the second flexible connection ring (57); The pressing sheet (54) is provided with an outwardly protruding anti-rotation block (55), and both ends of the second flexible connecting ring (57) are provided with inwardly recessed anti-rotation grooves (56); the anti-rotation block (55) can be inserted into the anti-rotation groove (56), and the anti-rotation block (55) and the anti-rotation groove (56) are used to prevent the pressing sheet (54) and the second flexible connecting ring (57) from rotating relative to each other.

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