Multi-layer collection device and method for heavy metal soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of collection, and discloses a multi-layer collection device and method for heavy metal soil, which solve the problem that sampled soil is easy to fall out of a collection head in the lifting process, the multi-layer collection device comprises a support ring, a movable seat is arranged above the support ring, a screw rod and a guide plate penetrate through the movable seat, and the guide plate is arranged above the support ring. The lead screw is in threaded connection with the movable seat, the bottom of the guide plate is fixedly connected with the supporting ring, a plurality of iron seats are arranged below the movable seat, a first arc-shaped plate and a second arc-shaped plate are arranged at the bottoms of the iron seats in a contact mode, and the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate are combined to form a sampling sleeve; the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate are provided with fixing pieces matched with the iron base. Soil in different layers can be collected at the same time, it is ensured that the soil can be smoothly collected, and actual use is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of collection technology, and specifically relates to a multi-level collection device and method for heavy metal soil. Background Art

[0002] During the process of planting medicinal materials, it is necessary to first test the soil for heavy metals to ensure whether the planting environment is conducive to the planting and growth of Chinese medicinal materials. At present, soil samples are mostly collected manually using soil collectors. During collection, the collection head of the soil collector is mainly inserted into the soil by rotating the handle to drive the connecting rod or using a heavy hammer to impact, so that the soil sample enters the collection head, and then the soil collector is directly lifted out of the soil, and finally the sample is taken from the collection head;

[0003] But it is worth thinking about that when collecting soil from deep inside, the staff lifts the soil collector directly out of the soil, and the sampled soil is easy to fall out of the collecting head during the lifting process, which has certain limitations.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a related facility that better meets the usage requirements is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-level collection device and method for heavy metal soil, which effectively solves the problem that the sampled soil in the above background technology is easy to fall out of the collection head during the lifting process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil, comprising a support ring, a movable seat is arranged above the support ring, a screw rod and a guide plate penetrate the movable seat, the screw rod and the movable seat are connected in a threaded manner, the bottom of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the support ring, a plurality of iron seats are arranged below the movable seat, a first arc plate and a second arc plate are contacted at the bottom of the iron seat, the first arc plate and the second arc plate are combined into a sampling sleeve, and the first arc plate and the second arc plate are installed with fixings adapted to the iron seat;

[0007] A connecting shaft is provided above the support ring, and a suspension positioning assembly for suspending several iron seats is installed on the top of the connecting shaft. The support ring is installed with a rotating mechanism for driving the screw rod and the connecting shaft to rotate respectively. A plug rod is rotatably connected to the iron seat, and an external fixed sleeve of the plug rod is provided with a spiral blade located between the first arc plate and the second arc plate. The movable seat is installed with a magnetic suction unit compatible with the iron seat, and the movable seat is installed with a synchronous transmission structure for driving the plug rod to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes two first control boxes fixedly mounted on the top of the support ring, the screw rod and the connecting shaft are rotatably connected to the two first control boxes respectively, the bottom ends of the screw rod and the connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected with first bevel gears, and the first bevel gears are located in the corresponding first control boxes, the first control box is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear located in the first control box, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and the support ring is installed with a driver for driving the two transmission shafts to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the driver includes an insert block fixedly mounted on an end of the transmission shaft away from the second bevel gear, two servo motors are provided on the top of the support ring, and the servo motor and the support ring are connected by a plurality of first bolts, a rotating block is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, a slot matching the insert block is provided on the rotating block, and the insert block is located in the corresponding slot.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic attraction unit includes two first magnet blocks fixedly mounted on the top of the movable seat, two first iron plates are fixedly connected to the top of the iron seat, and the movable seat is provided with two avoidance holes adapted to the first iron plates.

[0011] Preferably, the synchronous transmission structure includes a rotating disk arranged above the movable seat, the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, the bottom end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first damping disk located below the movable seat, the top end of the insertion rod is fixedly connected to the second damping disk located above the iron seat, the outer sliding sleeve of the first damping disk is provided with a damping ring, the movable seat is fixedly installed with a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the damping ring, the bottom of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to a plurality of guide columns, the guide columns pass through the movable seat, the bottom of the rotating disk and the top of the movable seat are connected by a plurality of tension springs, a second control box is provided above the rotating disk, the top end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second control box, the top end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the second control box, the second control box is penetrated by a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second control box, the top end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a prism, and the prism passes through the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is installed with a meshing unit compatible with the screw rod.

[0012] Preferably, the meshing unit includes a first gear ring arranged in the second control box, and the second rotating shaft and the first gear ring are connected by a plurality of connecting plates, the external fixing sleeve of the screw rod is provided with a second gear ring located in the second control box, and the second gear ring is meshed with the first gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing member includes a plurality of first supporting parts fixedly mounted on the second arc-shaped plate, the first supporting parts and the iron seat are connected by second bolts, the first arc-shaped plate is fixedly mounted with a plurality of second supporting parts, and the second supporting parts and the iron seat are connected by third bolts.

[0014] Preferably, reinforcement plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the second arc plate, and sliding bars are fixedly connected to both sides of the first arc plate. A sliding groove matching the sliding bar is provided on the reinforcement plate, and the sliding bar is located in the corresponding sliding groove. A plurality of rollers are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support ring.

[0015] Preferably, the suspension positioning assembly includes a magnet disk fixedly mounted on the top end of the connecting shaft, a top plate is provided above the magnet disk, a plurality of first positioning holes are opened on the top plate, a first positioning block is fixedly connected to the top of the iron seat, and the first positioning block is located in the corresponding first positioning hole, a plurality of second magnet blocks are fixedly mounted on the top plate, and the top of the iron seat is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding second magnet block, a second iron plate is contacted on the top of the magnet disk, the top of the second iron plate is connected to the top plate through a supporting shaft, a plurality of second positioning holes are opened on the second iron plate, a plurality of second positioning blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the magnet disk, and the second positioning blocks are located in the corresponding second positioning holes.

[0016] The present invention also provides a multi-level collection method for heavy metal soil, using the multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: The staff places the support ring at the location where soil needs to be collected, drives the connecting shaft to rotate through the rotating mechanism, and the connecting shaft drives a corresponding iron seat to rotate to the collection station through the suspension positioning assembly;

[0018] Step 2: The screw is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, and the screw drives the movable seat to move downward relative to the guide plate and the support ring. The movable seat fixes the iron seat located at the collection station to the bottom of the movable seat through the magnetic suction unit;

[0019] Step 3: The movable seat drives the first curved plate, the second curved plate and the insertion rod located at the collection station to move downward, and the synchronous transmission structure drives the insertion rod to rotate, the insertion rod drives the spiral blade to rotate into the soil, and the first curved plate and the second curved plate are inserted into the soil;

[0020] Step 4: When the movable seat descends to the preset position, the screw rod is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotating mechanism, so that the movable seat moves upward, and the soil is supported by the spiral blades located between the first arc plate and the second arc plate;

[0021] Step 5: When the first curved plate and the second curved plate are separated from the soil, the suspension positioning of the iron base is released by the suspension positioning assembly. The staff places the first curved plate and the second curved plate horizontally, and removes the first curved plate and the second curved plate from the iron base by the fixing parts. The staff can then take out the collected soil.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The screw rod is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, and the screw rod drives the movable seat to move downward relative to the guide plate and the support ring. The movable seat fixes the iron seat located at the collection station to the bottom of the movable seat through the magnetic suction unit. The movable seat drives the first curved plate, the second curved plate and the insertion rod located at the collection station to move downward, and the synchronous transmission structure drives the insertion rod to rotate, and the insertion rod drives the spiral blade to rotate into the soil, and the first curved plate and the second curved plate are inserted into the soil. The collected soil is located between the first curved plate and the second curved plate. When the movable seat descends to the preset position, the screw rod is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotating mechanism to make the movable seat The movable seat moves upward, and the soil is supported by the spiral blades located between the first curved plate and the second curved plate to prevent the soil from falling from between the first curved plate and the second curved plate. When the first curved plate and the second curved plate are separated from the soil, the suspension positioning of the iron seat is released by the suspension positioning assembly. The staff places the first curved plate and the second curved plate horizontally, and removes the first curved plate and the second curved plate from the iron seat by the fixing parts, and the collected soil can be taken out. Soil from different layers can be collected simultaneously, and it is ensured that the soil can be collected smoothly, which is convenient for practical use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] In the attached picture:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the combination of the screw rod and the first control box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second iron plate and the magnet disk being separated according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the combination of the connecting shaft and the first control box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the second control box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom of the movable seat of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the iron seat of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first curved plate and the second curved plate separated from each other according to the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1, support ring; 2, movable seat; 3, iron seat; 4, first arc plate; 5, second arc plate; 6, plug rod; 7, spiral blade; 8, screw rod; 9, guide plate; 10, first iron plate; 11, avoidance hole; 12, first magnet block; 13, first control box; 14, first bevel gear; 15, transmission shaft; 16, second bevel gear; 17, plug block; 18, servo motor; 19, first bolt; 20, rotating block; 21, slot; 22, rotating disk; 23, first rotating shaft; 24, first damping disk; 25, second damping disk; 26, guide column; 27, tension spring; 28. Second control box; 29. ​​Second rotating shaft; 30. Prism; 31. First gear ring; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Second gear ring; 34. First supporting part; 35. Second bolt; 36. Second supporting part; 37. Third bolt; 38. Reinforcement plate; 39. Slide bar; 40. Slide groove; 41. Top plate; 42. First positioning hole; 43. First positioning block; 44. Second magnet block; 45. Support shaft; 46. Second iron plate; 47. Magnet disk; 48. Second positioning block; 49. Second positioning hole; 50. Roller; 51. Connecting shaft; 52. Damping ring; 53. Hydraulic telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1, by Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The present invention comprises a support ring 1, a movable seat 2 is arranged above the support ring 1, a screw rod 8 and a guide plate 9 are passed through the movable seat 2, the screw rod 8 and the movable seat 2 are connected by threaded connection, the bottom of the guide plate 9 is fixedly connected to the support ring 1, a plurality of iron seats 3 are arranged below the movable seat 2, a first arc plate 4 and a second arc plate 5 are contacted at the bottom of the iron seat 3, the first arc plate 4 and the second arc plate 5 are combined into a sampling sleeve, and the first arc plate 4 and the second arc plate 5 are installed with fixings adapted to the iron seat 3;

[0038] A connecting shaft 51 is provided above the support ring 1, and a hanging positioning assembly for hanging several iron seats 3 is installed on the top of the connecting shaft 51. The support ring 1 is equipped with a rotating mechanism for driving the screw rod 8 and the connecting shaft 51 to rotate respectively. The iron seat 3 is rotatably connected with the plug rod 6, and the external fixed sleeve of the plug rod 6 is provided with a spiral blade 7 located between the first arc plate 4 and the second arc plate 5. The movable seat 2 is equipped with a magnetic unit adapted to the iron seat 3, and the movable seat 2 is equipped with a synchronous transmission structure for driving the plug rod 6 to rotate; the screw rod 8 is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, and the screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move downward relative to the guide plate 9 and the support ring 1. The movable seat 2 fixes the iron seat 3 located at the collection station to the bottom of the movable seat 2 through the magnetic unit, and the movable seat 2 drives the first arc plate 4, the second arc plate 5 and the plug rod 6 located at the collection station to move downward, and the synchronous transmission structure drives the plug rod 6 to rotate, and the plug rod 6 drives The spiral blade 7 is screwed into the soil, and the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are inserted into the soil. The collected soil is located between the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5. When the movable seat 2 descends to the preset position, the screw rod 8 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotating mechanism to move the movable seat 2 upward. The soil is supported by the spiral blade 7 located between the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 to prevent the soil from falling from between the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5. When the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are separated from the soil, the suspension positioning of the iron seat 3 is released by the suspension positioning assembly. The staff places the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 horizontally, and removes the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 from the iron seat 3 by the fixing parts, so that the collected soil can be taken out. Soil of different layers can be collected simultaneously, and it can be ensured that the soil can be collected smoothly, which is convenient for practical use.

[0039] Embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9It is given that the rotating mechanism includes two first control boxes 13 fixedly installed on the top of the support ring 1, the screw rod 8 and the connecting shaft 51 are rotatably connected to the two first control boxes 13 respectively, the bottom ends of the screw rod 8 and the connecting shaft 51 are respectively fixedly connected with the first bevel gear 14, and the first bevel gear 14 is located in the corresponding first control box 13, the first control box 13 is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft 15, the transmission shaft 15 is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear 16 located in the first control box 13, and the second bevel gear 16 is meshed with the first bevel gear 14, the support ring 1 is installed with a driver for driving the two transmission shafts 15 to rotate, the driver includes a fixedly installed transmission shaft 15 away from the second bevel gear The plug-in block 17 at one end of the wheel 16, two servo motors 18 are arranged on the top of the support ring 1, and the servo motor 18 and the support ring 1 are connected by a plurality of first bolts 19, the output end of the servo motor 18 is fixedly connected with a rotating block 20, the rotating block 20 is provided with a slot 21 adapted to the plug-in block 17, and the plug-in block 17 is located in the corresponding slot 21, the magnetic unit includes two first magnet blocks 12 fixedly mounted on the top of the movable seat 2, the top of the iron seat 3 is fixedly connected with two first iron plates 10, the movable seat 2 is provided with two avoidance holes 11 adapted to the first iron plates 10, the synchronous transmission structure includes a rotating disk 22 arranged above the movable seat 2, and the rotating disk 22 rotates A first rotating shaft 23 is connected, the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 23 is fixedly connected to a first damping plate 24 located below the movable seat 2, the top end of the insertion rod 6 is fixedly connected to a second damping plate 25 located above the iron seat 3, the outer sliding sleeve of the first damping plate 24 is provided with a damping ring 52, the movable seat 2 is fixedly installed with a hydraulic telescopic rod 53, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 53 is fixedly connected to the top of the damping ring 52, the bottom of the rotating disk 22 is fixedly connected to a plurality of guide columns 26, the guide columns 26 penetrate the movable seat 2, the bottom of the rotating disk 22 and the top of the movable seat 2 are connected by a plurality of tension springs 27, a second control box 28 is provided above the rotating disk 22, the top of the guide plate 9 and the second The bottom of the control box 28 is fixedly connected, the top of the screw rod 8 is rotatably connected to the second control box 28, a second rotating shaft 29 is passed through the second control box 28, the second rotating shaft 29 is rotatably connected to the second control box 28, a prism 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the first rotating shaft 23, and the prism 30 passes through the second rotating shaft 29, the second rotating shaft 29 is installed with a meshing unit adapted to the screw rod 8, the meshing unit includes a first gear ring 31 arranged in the second control box 28, and the second rotating shaft 29 and the first gear ring 31 are connected by a plurality of connecting plates 32, the outer fixed sleeve of the screw rod 8 is provided with a second gear ring 33 located in the second control box 28, and the second gear ring 33 is meshed with the first gear ring 31;

[0040] The corresponding rotating block 20 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 18, and the rotating block 20 drives the transmission shaft 15 and the second bevel gear 16 to rotate through the plug block 17. The second bevel gear 16 can drive the screw rod 8 or the connecting shaft 51 to rotate through the first bevel gear 14. When the servo motor 18 needs to be removed, the staff drives the first bolt 19 to rotate so that the first bolt 19 is disengaged from the servo motor 18 and the support ring 1, and the fixation of the servo motor 18 is released. The staff drives the servo motor 18 to translate so that the plug block 17 is disengaged from the slot 21, and the removal of the servo motor 18 is completed. When the connecting shaft 51 drives the corresponding iron seat 3 to rotate to the collection station through the suspension positioning component, as the screw rod 8 continues to rotate, the screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move downward. The first iron plate 10 located at the collection station passes through the corresponding avoidance hole 11. When the first damping disc 24 and the second damping disc 25 are in contact, as the movable seat 2 continues to move downward, the movable seat 2 moves downward relative to the first damping disc 24, the distance between the rotating disk 22 and the movable seat 2 increases, and the tension spring 27 is in a tensioned state. The tension spring 27 applies a pulling force to the rotating disk 22, the first rotating shaft 23 and the first damping disc 24, so that the first damping disc 24 and the second damping disc 25 are tightly attached. When the movable seat 2 descends to a preset position relative to the iron seat 3, the top of the first iron plate 10 and the bottom of the first magnet block 12 are in contact, and a magnetic force is generated between the first magnet block 12 and the first iron plate 10, so that the iron seat 3 located at the collection station is fixed relative to the movable seat 2. As the movable seat 2 The movable seat 2 pushes the iron seat 3 to move downward synchronously, and the movable seat 2 drives the first rotating shaft 23 and the prism 30 to slide relative to the second rotating shaft 29 and the second control box 28. As the screw rod 8 continues to rotate, the screw rod 8 drives the second gear ring 33 to rotate, and the second gear ring 33 drives the second rotating shaft 29 to rotate through the first gear ring 31 and the connecting plate 32. The second rotating shaft 29 can drive the first rotating shaft 23 and the first damping disk 24 to rotate relative to the rotating disk 22 and the movable seat 2 through the prism 30. The first damping disk 24 can drive the second damping disk 25, the plug rod 6 and the spiral blade 7 to rotate through friction. When the movable seat 2 needs to move up, the damping ring 52 is driven downward by the hydraulic telescopic rod 53, and the damping ring 52 is tightly attached to the second damping disk 25, so that the second damping disk 2 5 and the insertion rod 6 are fixed relative to the movable seat 2. When the screw rod 8 rotates in the opposite direction so that the screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move up, the first damping disc 24 cannot drive the second damping disc 25 and the insertion rod 6 to rotate in the opposite direction by friction, ensuring that when the first curved plate 4, the second curved plate 5 and the insertion rod 6 move up, the spiral blade 7 is stationary relative to the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5. When the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are separated from the soil and the iron seat 3 moves up to the initial height, the suspension positioning component positions the iron seat 3 located at the collection station. As the movable seat 2 continues to move up, the movable seat 2 moves up relative to the first iron plate 10 and the iron seat 3, the first magnet block 12 is no longer in contact with the first iron plate 10, and the top of the first iron plate 10 located at the collection station is separated from the corresponding avoidance hole 11.When the servo motor 18 drives the corresponding connecting shaft 51 to rotate, the connecting shaft 51 can again drive the next iron seat 3 to rotate to the collection station through the suspension positioning assembly.

[0041] Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 1, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The fixing member includes a plurality of first supporting parts 34 fixedly mounted on the second arc plate 5, the first supporting part 34 and the iron seat 3 are connected by a second bolt 35, the first arc plate 4 is fixedly mounted with a plurality of second supporting parts 36, the second supporting part 36 and the iron seat 3 are connected by a third bolt 37, the two sides of the second arc plate 5 are respectively fixedly connected with reinforcing plates 38, the two sides of the first arc plate 4 are respectively fixedly connected with sliding bars 39, the reinforcing plate 38 is provided with a sliding groove 40 adapted to the sliding bar 39, and the sliding bar 39 is located in the corresponding sliding groove 40, the bottom of the support ring 1 is fixedly connected with a plurality of rollers 50, the suspension positioning assembly includes a magnet disk 47 fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting shaft 51, and the magnet A top plate 41 is provided above the disk 47, and a plurality of first positioning holes 42 are provided on the top plate 41. A first positioning block 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the iron base 3, and the first positioning block 43 is located in the corresponding first positioning hole 42. A plurality of second magnet blocks 44 are fixedly installed on the top plate 41, and the top of the iron base 3 is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding second magnet block 44. A second iron plate 46 is provided on the top of the magnet disk 47, and the top of the second iron plate 46 is connected to the top plate 41 through a support shaft 45. A plurality of second positioning holes 49 are provided on the second iron plate 46. A plurality of second positioning blocks 48 are fixedly connected to the top of the magnet disk 47, and the second positioning blocks 48 are located in the corresponding second positioning holes 49.

[0042] The design of the reinforcing plate 38, the slide bar 39 and the slide groove 40 reduces the possibility of the second curved plate 5 tilting and shaking relative to the first curved plate 4. The design of the roller 50 facilitates the movement of the support ring 1 to a preset position. When the second curved plate 5 and the first curved plate 4 need to be removed from the iron seat 3, the staff horizontally places the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5, drives the second bolt 35 to rotate so that the second bolt 35 is separated from the iron seat 3 and the first support portion 34, and the fixation of the second curved plate 5 is released. The staff drives the second curved plate 5 to slide relative to the first curved plate 4 and the iron seat 3, and the reinforcing plate 38 and The slide groove 40 slides relative to the slide bar 39, and finally the second curved plate 5 is removed from the iron seat 3 and the first curved plate 4 respectively, and the staff can collect the soil on the spiral blade 7 and the first curved plate 4. When it is necessary to clean the remaining soil on the first curved plate 4 and the spiral blade 7, the staff drives the third bolt 37 to rotate so that the third bolt 37 is separated from the second support portion 36 and the iron seat 3, and the fixation of the first curved plate 4 can be released. The staff removes the first curved plate 4 and cleans the exposed spiral blade 7. The top of the iron seat 3 and the bottom of the corresponding second magnet block 44 are magnetically aligned. The first positioning block 43 is sucked to fix the iron seat 3 relative to the top plate 41, and the first positioning block 43 is located in the corresponding first positioning hole 42. The design of the first positioning block 43 and the first positioning hole 42 can prevent the iron seat 3 from shaking in the horizontal direction relative to the top plate 41. When the connecting shaft 51 rotates, the connecting shaft 51 drives the magnet disk 47 to rotate. The magnet disk 47 drives the support shaft 45 and the top plate 41 to rotate through the second positioning block 48 and the second iron plate 46. The top plate 41 can drive the iron seat 3 to rotate synchronously through the first positioning block 43 and the second magnet block 44. When the movable seat 2 drives the iron seat 3 located at the collection station to move downward synchronously, the iron seat 3 drives the first positioning block 43 and the first positioning hole 42 to rotate. The positioning block 43 disengages from the corresponding first positioning hole 42, and the iron seat 3 is no longer magnetically attracted to the corresponding second magnet block 44. When the movable seat 2 drives the iron seat 3 to move up to the initial height, the iron seat 3 drives the first positioning block 43 to be inserted into the first positioning hole 42, and the top of the iron seat 3 is in contact with the bottom of the top plate 41. As the movable seat 2 continues to move up, the iron seat 3 stops moving up synchronously. The staff drives the support shaft 45 and the second iron plate 46 to move up so that the second iron plate 46 is no longer magnetically attracted to the magnet disk 47, and the second positioning block 48 disengages from the second positioning hole 49, thereby completing the splitting between the support shaft 45 and the connecting shaft 51.

[0043] A multi-level collection method for heavy metal soil in this embodiment uses the multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: The staff places the support ring 1 at the position where soil needs to be collected, drives the connecting shaft 51 to rotate through the rotating mechanism, and the connecting shaft 51 drives the corresponding iron seat 3 to rotate to the collection position through the suspension positioning component;

[0045] Step 2: The screw rod 8 is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, and the screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move downward relative to the guide plate 9 and the support ring 1. The movable seat 2 fixes the iron seat 3 located at the collection station to the bottom of the movable seat 2 through the magnetic suction unit;

[0046] Step 3: The movable seat 2 drives the first curved plate 4, the second curved plate 5 and the insertion rod 6 located at the collection station to move downward, and the synchronous transmission structure drives the insertion rod 6 to rotate, the insertion rod 6 drives the spiral blade 7 to rotate into the soil, and the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are inserted into the soil;

[0047] Step 4: When the movable seat 2 descends to the preset position, the screw rod 8 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotating mechanism, so that the movable seat 2 moves upward, and the soil is supported by the spiral blade 7 located between the first arc plate 4 and the second arc plate 5;

[0048] Step 5: When the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are separated from the soil, the suspension positioning of the iron base 3 is released by the suspension positioning assembly. The staff places the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 horizontally, and removes the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 from the iron base 3 by the fixing parts. The staff can then take out the collected soil.

[0049] Working principle: the staff places the support ring 1 at the position where soil needs to be collected, drives the connecting shaft 51 to rotate through the rotating mechanism, and the connecting shaft 51 drives the corresponding iron seat 3 to rotate to the collection station through the suspension positioning component, and drives the screw rod 8 to rotate through the rotating mechanism. The screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move downward relative to the guide plate 9 and the support ring 1. The movable seat 2 fixes the iron seat 3 located at the collection station to the bottom of the movable seat 2 through the magnetic suction unit. The movable seat 2 drives the first curved plate 4, the second curved plate 5 and the insertion rod 6 located at the collection station to move downward, and the synchronous transmission structure drives the insertion rod 6 to rotate, and the insertion rod 6 drives the spiral blade 7 to rotate into the soil, and the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are inserted into the soil. The collected soil is located between the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5. When the movable seat 2 is lowered to the preset position, the screw rod 8 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotating mechanism to move the movable seat 2 upward, and the soil is supported by the spiral blade 7 located between the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 to prevent the soil from falling from between the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5. When the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are separated from the soil, the suspension positioning of the iron seat 3 is released by the suspension positioning component, and the staff horizontally places the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5, and removes the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 from the iron seat 3 by the fixing parts, and the collected soil can be taken out, and the soil of different layers can be collected at the same time, and it is ensured that the soil can be collected smoothly, which is convenient for practical use;

[0050] The corresponding rotating block 20 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 18, and the rotating block 20 drives the transmission shaft 15 and the second bevel gear 16 to rotate through the plug block 17. The second bevel gear 16 can drive the screw rod 8 or the connecting shaft 51 to rotate through the first bevel gear 14. When the servo motor 18 needs to be removed, the staff drives the first bolt 19 to rotate so that the first bolt 19 is disengaged from the servo motor 18 and the support ring 1, and the fixation of the servo motor 18 is released. The staff drives the servo motor 18 to translate so that the plug block 17 is disengaged from the slot 21, and the removal of the servo motor 18 is completed. When the connecting shaft 51 drives the corresponding iron seat 3 to rotate to the collection station through the suspension positioning component, as the screw rod 8 continues to rotate, the screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move downward. The first iron plate 10 located at the collection station passes through the corresponding avoidance hole 11. When the first damping disc 24 and the second damping disc 25 are in contact, as the movable seat 2 continues to move downward, the movable seat 2 moves downward relative to the first damping disc 24, the distance between the rotating disk 22 and the movable seat 2 increases, and the tension spring 27 is in a tensioned state. The tension spring 27 applies a pulling force to the rotating disk 22, the first rotating shaft 23 and the first damping disc 24, so that the first damping disc 24 and the second damping disc 25 are tightly attached. When the movable seat 2 descends to a preset position relative to the iron seat 3, the top of the first iron plate 10 and the bottom of the first magnet block 12 are in contact, and a magnetic force is generated between the first magnet block 12 and the first iron plate 10, so that the iron seat 3 located at the collection station is fixed relative to the movable seat 2. As the movable seat 2 The movable seat 2 pushes the iron seat 3 to move downward synchronously, and the movable seat 2 drives the first rotating shaft 23 and the prism 30 to slide relative to the second rotating shaft 29 and the second control box 28. As the screw rod 8 continues to rotate, the screw rod 8 drives the second gear ring 33 to rotate, and the second gear ring 33 drives the second rotating shaft 29 to rotate through the first gear ring 31 and the connecting plate 32. The second rotating shaft 29 can drive the first rotating shaft 23 and the first damping disk 24 to rotate relative to the rotating disk 22 and the movable seat 2 through the prism 30. The first damping disk 24 can drive the second damping disk 25, the plug rod 6 and the spiral blade 7 to rotate through friction. When the movable seat 2 needs to move up, the damping ring 52 is driven downward by the hydraulic telescopic rod 53, and the damping ring 52 is tightly attached to the second damping disk 25, so that the second damping disk 2 5 and the insertion rod 6 are fixed relative to the movable seat 2. When the screw rod 8 rotates in the opposite direction so that the screw rod 8 drives the movable seat 2 to move up, the first damping disc 24 cannot drive the second damping disc 25 and the insertion rod 6 to rotate in the opposite direction by friction, ensuring that when the first curved plate 4, the second curved plate 5 and the insertion rod 6 move up, the spiral blade 7 is stationary relative to the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5. When the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5 are separated from the soil and the iron seat 3 moves up to the initial height, the suspension positioning component positions the iron seat 3 located at the collection station. As the movable seat 2 continues to move up, the movable seat 2 moves up relative to the first iron plate 10 and the iron seat 3, the first magnet block 12 is no longer in contact with the first iron plate 10, and the top of the first iron plate 10 located at the collection station is separated from the corresponding avoidance hole 11.When the servo motor 18 drives the corresponding connecting shaft 51 to rotate, the connecting shaft 51 can again drive the next iron seat 3 to rotate to the collection station through the suspension positioning assembly;

[0051] The design of the reinforcing plate 38, the slide bar 39 and the slide groove 40 reduces the possibility of the second curved plate 5 tilting and shaking relative to the first curved plate 4. The design of the roller 50 facilitates the movement of the support ring 1 to a preset position. When the second curved plate 5 and the first curved plate 4 need to be removed from the iron seat 3, the staff horizontally places the first curved plate 4 and the second curved plate 5, drives the second bolt 35 to rotate so that the second bolt 35 is separated from the iron seat 3 and the first support portion 34, and the fixation of the second curved plate 5 is released. The staff drives the second curved plate 5 to slide relative to the first curved plate 4 and the iron seat 3, and the reinforcing plate 38 and The slide groove 40 slides relative to the slide bar 39, and finally the second curved plate 5 is removed from the iron seat 3 and the first curved plate 4 respectively, and the staff can collect the soil on the spiral blade 7 and the first curved plate 4. When it is necessary to clean the remaining soil on the first curved plate 4 and the spiral blade 7, the staff drives the third bolt 37 to rotate so that the third bolt 37 is separated from the second support portion 36 and the iron seat 3, and the fixation of the first curved plate 4 can be released. The staff removes the first curved plate 4 and cleans the exposed spiral blade 7. The top of the iron seat 3 and the bottom of the corresponding second magnet block 44 are magnetically aligned. The first positioning block 43 is sucked to fix the iron seat 3 relative to the top plate 41, and the first positioning block 43 is located in the corresponding first positioning hole 42. The design of the first positioning block 43 and the first positioning hole 42 can prevent the iron seat 3 from shaking in the horizontal direction relative to the top plate 41. When the connecting shaft 51 rotates, the connecting shaft 51 drives the magnet disk 47 to rotate. The magnet disk 47 drives the support shaft 45 and the top plate 41 to rotate through the second positioning block 48 and the second iron plate 46. The top plate 41 can drive the iron seat 3 to rotate synchronously through the first positioning block 43 and the second magnet block 44. When the movable seat 2 drives the iron seat 3 located at the collection station to move downward synchronously, the iron seat 3 drives the first positioning block 43 and the first positioning hole 42 to rotate. The positioning block 43 disengages from the corresponding first positioning hole 42, and the iron seat 3 is no longer magnetically attracted to the corresponding second magnet block 44. When the movable seat 2 drives the iron seat 3 to move up to the initial height, the iron seat 3 drives the first positioning block 43 to be inserted into the first positioning hole 42, and the top of the iron seat 3 is in contact with the bottom of the top plate 41. As the movable seat 2 continues to move up, the iron seat 3 stops moving up synchronously. The staff drives the support shaft 45 and the second iron plate 46 to move up so that the second iron plate 46 is no longer magnetically attracted to the magnet disk 47, and the second positioning block 48 disengages from the second positioning hole 49, thereby completing the splitting between the support shaft 45 and the connecting shaft 51.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil, comprising a support ring (1), characterized in that: A movable seat (2) is provided above the support ring (1), a screw rod (8) and a guide plate (9) penetrate the movable seat (2), the screw rod (8) and the movable seat (2) are connected by a threaded connection, the bottom of the guide plate (9) is fixedly connected to the support ring (1), a plurality of iron seats (3) are provided below the movable seat (2), the bottom of the iron seats (3) are contacted with a first arc plate (4) and a second arc plate (5), the first arc plate (4) and the second arc plate (5) are combined into a sampling sleeve, and the first arc plate (4) and the second arc plate (5) are installed with fixing parts adapted to the iron seats (3); A connecting shaft (51) is provided above the support ring (1), a suspension positioning assembly for suspending a plurality of iron seats (3) is installed at the top of the connecting shaft (51), a rotating mechanism for driving the screw rod (8) and the connecting shaft (51) to rotate respectively is installed on the support ring (1), an insert rod (6) is rotatably connected to the iron seat (3), an external fixed sleeve of the insert rod (6) is provided with a spiral blade (7) located between the first arc plate (4) and the second arc plate (5), a magnetic attraction unit adapted to the iron seat (3) is installed on the movable seat (2), and a synchronous transmission structure for driving the insert rod (6) to rotate is installed on the movable seat (2).

2. A multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises two first control boxes (13) fixedly mounted on the top of the support ring (1); the screw rod (8) and the connecting shaft (51) are rotatably connected to the two first control boxes (13) respectively; the bottom ends of the screw rod (8) and the connecting shaft (51) are respectively fixedly connected to first bevel gears (14), and the first bevel gears (14) are located in the corresponding first control boxes (13); a transmission shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the first control box (13); the transmission shaft (15) is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear (16) located in the first control box (13), and the second bevel gear (16) is meshed with the first bevel gear (14); and the support ring (1) is provided with a driver for driving the two transmission shafts (15) to rotate.

3. A multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driver comprises an insert block (17) fixedly mounted on an end of a transmission shaft (15) away from the second bevel gear (16); two servo motors (18) are arranged on the top of the support ring (1); the servo motors (18) and the support ring (1) are connected via a plurality of first bolts (19); a rotating block (20) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (18); a slot (21) matching the insert block (17) is provided on the rotating block (20); and the insert block (17) is located in the corresponding slot (21).

4. A multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction unit comprises two first magnet blocks (12) fixedly mounted on the top of the movable seat (2); two first iron plates (10) are fixedly connected to the top of the iron seat (3); and two avoidance holes (11) adapted to the first iron plates (10) are provided on the movable seat (2).

5. The multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous transmission structure comprises a rotating disk (22) arranged above the movable seat (2), a first rotating shaft (23) being rotatably connected to the rotating disk (22), a first damping disk (24) located below the movable seat (2) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first rotating shaft (23), a second damping disk (25) located above the iron seat (3) being fixedly connected to the top end of the insertion rod (6), a damping ring (52) being provided on the outer sliding sleeve of the first damping disk (24), a hydraulic telescopic rod (53) being fixedly installed on the movable seat (2), and a telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (53) being fixedly connected to the top of the damping ring (52), a plurality of guide columns (26) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating disk (22), and the guide columns (26) ) passes through the movable seat (2), the bottom of the rotating disk (22) and the top of the movable seat (2) are connected by a plurality of tension springs (27), a second control box (28) is provided above the rotating disk (22), the top of the guide plate (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second control box (28), the top of the screw rod (8) is rotatably connected to the second control box (28), a second rotating shaft (29) passes through the second control box (28), the second rotating shaft (29) and the second control box (28) are rotatably connected, a prism (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the first rotating shaft (23), and the prism (30) passes through the second rotating shaft (29), and the second rotating shaft (29) is installed with a meshing unit compatible with the screw rod (8).

6. A multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The meshing unit comprises a first gear ring (31) arranged in a second control box (28), and the second rotating shaft (29) and the first gear ring (31) are connected via a plurality of connecting plates (32), and an external fixed sleeve of the screw rod (8) is provided with a second gear ring (33) located in the second control box (28), and the second gear ring (33) and the first gear ring (31) are meshed.

7. The multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member comprises a plurality of first supporting parts (34) fixedly mounted on the second arc-shaped plate (5), the first supporting parts (34) and the iron seat (3) being connected via second bolts (35), the first arc-shaped plate (4) being fixedly mounted with a plurality of second supporting parts (36), the second supporting parts (36) and the iron seat (3) being connected via third bolts (37).

8. The multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second arc-shaped plate (5) is fixedly connected to reinforcing plates (38) on both sides, and the first arc-shaped plate (4) is fixedly connected to sliding bars (39) on both sides. The reinforcing plate (38) is provided with sliding grooves (40) adapted to the sliding bars (39), and the sliding bars (39) are located in the corresponding sliding grooves (40). The bottom of the support ring (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of rollers (50).

9. The multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension positioning assembly comprises a magnet disk (47) fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting shaft (51); a top plate (41) is provided above the magnet disk (47); a plurality of first positioning holes (42) are provided on the top plate (41); a first positioning block (43) is fixedly connected to the top of the iron seat (3), and the first positioning block (43) is located in the corresponding first positioning hole (42); a plurality of second magnet blocks (44) are fixedly mounted on the top plate (41), and the top of the iron seat (3) is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding second magnet block (44); a second iron plate (46) is provided on the top of the magnet disk (47); the top of the second iron plate (46) is connected to the top plate (41) via a supporting shaft (45); a plurality of second positioning holes (49) are provided on the second iron plate (46); a plurality of second positioning blocks (48) are fixedly connected to the top of the magnet disk (47), and the second positioning blocks (48) are located in the corresponding second positioning holes (49).

10. A multi-level collection method for heavy metal soil, using the multi-level collection device for heavy metal soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The staff places the support ring (1) at the position where soil needs to be collected, and drives the connecting shaft (51) to rotate through the rotating mechanism. The connecting shaft (51) drives a corresponding iron seat (3) to rotate to the collection position through the suspension positioning component; Step 2: The screw rod (8) is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, and the screw rod (8) drives the movable seat (2) to move downward relative to the guide plate (9) and the support ring (1), and the movable seat (2) fixes the iron seat (3) located at the collection station to the bottom of the movable seat (2) through the magnetic attraction unit; Step 3: The movable seat (2) drives the first curved plate (4), the second curved plate (5) and the insertion rod (6) located at the collection station to move downward, and the synchronous transmission structure drives the insertion rod (6) to rotate, and the insertion rod (6) drives the spiral blade (7) to rotate into the soil, and the first curved plate (4) and the second curved plate (5) are inserted into the soil; Step 4: When the movable seat (2) descends to a preset position, the screw rod (8) is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the rotating mechanism, so that the movable seat (2) moves upward, and the soil is supported by the spiral blade (7) located between the first arc plate (4) and the second arc plate (5); Step 5: When the first curved plate (4) and the second curved plate (5) are separated from the soil, the suspension positioning of the iron base (3) is released by the suspension positioning assembly, and the staff horizontally places the first curved plate (4) and the second curved plate (5), and removes the first curved plate (4) and the second curved plate (5) from the iron base (3) by means of the fixing member, and the staff can then take out the collected soil.

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