Model device for measuring impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse and experimental method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse and an experiment method thereof, and relates to the technical field of soil slope rockfall simulation equipment, and the device comprises a simulation experiment device, a calibration experiment device and a monitoring device; the simulation experiment device comprises a soil slope model box and an actuator, a plurality of soil layers are contained in the soil slope model box, a plurality of box acceleration sensors are embedded in the soil layers, the upper end of the actuator is connected with the suspension device, and the actuator can apply impact force to the soil layers; the calibration experiment device comprises a rigid platform and a calibration ball, the lower surface of the rigid platform is provided with a platform acceleration sensor and a plurality of spring supports, and the calibration ball is used for falling onto the rigid platform; the actuator, the box body acceleration sensor and the platform acceleration sensor are all electrically connected with the monitoring device. The device can be used for simulating the impact condition of rockfall on the soil slope, the impact force is stable and controllable, and simulation data are accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil slope rockfall simulation equipment, in particular to a model device for measuring soil slope collapse impact vibration effect and an experimental method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, landslide geological disasters are becoming more and more serious, especially in the southeast and south my country. The surface of the slopes in these areas is often covered with thick granite residual soil layers. Long-term rainfall will make the slopes saturated. In addition, the collapse of the rear edge of the slope will cause impact and vibration damage to the slopes, which often leads to sudden landslide disasters, seriously threatening the safety of people's lives and property.

[0003] In order to fully understand the impact of different rockfall conditions on saturated and unsaturated soil slopes, and the propagation law of impact vibration waves inside the soil slope, it is urgent to design an experimental device that can reflect the actual conditions and has good controllable performance. The previous test method was to directly impact the soil slope model with rockfall. In this way, the impact force is uncontrollable and it is difficult to achieve stable and controllable output of the impact force; at the same time, because the rockfall rolls everywhere, the received vibration waves are messy, resulting in large experimental errors and increasing the difficulty of analysis. This traditional experimental method can no longer meet the requirements of modern experiments.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a model device and an experimental method for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse and an experimental method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The impact force can be output stably and controllably, and the experimental error is small.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The invention discloses a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse, comprising a simulation experiment device, a calibration experiment device and a monitoring device;

[0008] The simulation experiment device comprises a soil slope model box and an actuator, wherein the soil slope model box contains a plurality of soil layers, wherein a plurality of box acceleration sensors are buried in the soil layers, and the upper end of the actuator is connected to a suspension device, and the actuator can exert an impact force on the soil layers;

[0009] The calibration experimental device comprises a rigid platform and a calibration ball, wherein a platform acceleration sensor and a plurality of spring supports are arranged on the lower surface of the rigid platform, and the calibration ball is used to fall onto the rigid platform;

[0010] The actuator, the box acceleration sensor and the platform acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the monitoring device.

[0011] Preferably, the monitoring device includes a computer host, a programmable time controller and a dynamic data collector, the programmable time controller and the dynamic data collector are both electrically connected to the computer host, the dynamic data collector and the actuator are both electrically connected to the programmable time controller, and the dynamic data collector is also electrically connected to the box acceleration sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the lower surface of the first side of the soil slope model box is hinged on the support base, the lower surface of the second side of the soil slope model box is hinged to the upper end of the angle adjustment jack, and the lower end of the angle adjustment jack is hinged to the upper end of the support base;

[0013] The support base is fixed to the ground foundation by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the soil slope model box is made of stainless steel.

[0015] Preferably, a foam plastic layer and a sponge layer are provided on the bottom and four side walls of the soil slope model box.

[0016] Preferably, the suspension device is a crane.

[0017] Preferably, a counterweight is fixed on the actuator.

[0018] Preferably, 5 to 8 box acceleration sensors are provided, and the box acceleration sensors are distributed at intervals on the center line of the soil slope model box.

[0019] Preferably, a gravel layer is provided on the upper surface of the uppermost soil layer.

[0020] The invention discloses an experimental method for a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Preparation of soil model box:

[0022] Place the soil model box horizontally, install foam plastic layers and sponge layers at the bottom and around the soil model box in sequence, then lay each soil layer in the soil model box, compact each layer after laying it; roughen the surface of the previous layer before laying the next layer to ensure good soil contact between the soil layers; bury the box acceleration sensor after the soil layer is laid to the expected height, lead the box acceleration sensor along the side wall of the soil slope model box, and connect it to the dynamic data acquisition instrument;

[0023] S2. Calibration of impact force and acceleration waveform of rigid platform:

[0024] Take a calibration ball of known mass, release it freely at a certain height and let it fall on a rigid platform. The final speed of the ball when it contacts the rigid platform is v, which can be obtained by the free fall formula From the impact force calculation formula, we know that the impact force F = (m × v) / T, where T is the time difference of the first acceleration waveform received by the platform acceleration sensor. By setting different drop heights H, the corresponding relationship curve between the impact force and the acceleration peak height can be obtained.

[0025] S3, Impact force waveform processing:

[0026] According to the corresponding relationship curve of the impact force-acceleration peak height in step S2, the acceleration waveform is converted into an impact force waveform by using a computer host, and the impact force waveform is subjected to Y-axis offset processing according to the weight of the counterweight block on the actuator, so that the offset G is the same as the total weight of the counterweight block and the actuator, and the offset shock wave waveform is the waveform input to the actuator;

[0027] S4. Apply impact force to the predetermined position of the soil slope model box:

[0028] Adjust the angle and length of the jack to make the soil slope model box reach the simulated slope angle; adjust the spatial position of the actuator by moving the crane to make the actuator located at the predetermined impact position, and ensure that the weight of the actuator and the counterweight block is completely applied to the predetermined impact position; lay a layer of gravel at the contact point between the actuator and the soil layer, input the impact force waveform after Y-axis offset into the actuator, and generate an impact force at the predetermined impact position; the computer host synchronously distributes the time control signal to the actuator and the dynamic data acquisition instrument through the programmable time controller, so as to realize the zero time difference start of the two processes of inputting the impact force waveform and receiving the signal of the box acceleration sensor, and finally the monitoring output of the box acceleration sensor will be transmitted to the computer host through the dynamic data acquisition instrument, and the computer host will collect and analyze the data.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0030] The present invention can obtain the relationship between impact force and acceleration through the calibration experimental device, and transmit the corresponding impact force data to the actuator through the monitoring device, so that the actuator can apply a stable and controllable impact force to the soil layer. The stable and controllable output of the impact force can be achieved, and the clutter interference is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A side view of the installation of a soil slope model box in a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A rear view of the soil slope model box in the model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is an internal cross-sectional view of a soil slope model box in a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rigid platform in a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a calibration experiment of a rigid platform in a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of acceleration waveform in;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an actuator in a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention when performing a simulation experiment;

[0040] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Impact force waveform deviation diagram input in;

[0041] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the connection of a monitoring device in a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] In the figure: 1-soil slope model box; 101-soil layer; 102-box acceleration sensor; 103-gravel layer; 2-actuator; 3-computer host; 4-programmable time controller; 5-dynamic data acquisition instrument; 6-angle adjustment jack; 7-support base; 8-ground foundation; 9-crane; 10-rigid platform; 1001-spring support; 1002-platform acceleration sensor; 11-calibration ball; 12-counterweight block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse and an experimental method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The impact force can be output stably and controllably, and the experimental error is small.

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse, including a simulation experiment device, a calibration experiment device and a monitoring device. The specific structure of each device is as follows:

[0048] The simulation experiment device includes a soil slope model box 1 and an actuator 2. The soil slope model box 1 is a rectangular box structure with an opening on its upper surface. Several layers of soil 101 are contained in the soil slope model box. Each layer of soil 101 is laid in sequence from bottom to top. The reason for laying in layers is to make the soil distribution more uniform. Several box acceleration sensors 102 are buried in the soil layer 101. The reason for setting up multiple box acceleration sensors 102 is to measure the acceleration changes at different distances from the action point of the actuator 2. The upper end of the actuator 2 is connected to the suspension device, and the suspension device can suspend the actuator 2 by a suspension rope or a sling, and the lower end of the actuator 2 must be in contact with the soil layer 101, so that the actuator 2 can exert an impact force on the soil layer 101.

[0049] The calibration experiment device includes a rigid platform 10 and a calibration ball 11. The lower surface of the rigid platform 10 is provided with a platform acceleration sensor 1002 and a plurality of spring supports 1001. Four spring supports 1001 are provided and distributed at the four corners of the lower surface of the rigid platform 10. The platform acceleration sensor 1002 is located at the center of the lower surface of the rigid platform 10. The calibration ball 11 is a solid concrete ball. When conducting the experiment, the staff can hold the calibration ball 11 and move it above the rigid platform 10, then let go. The calibration ball 11 falls onto the rigid platform 10 by free fall. The impact force can be calculated by the distance between the calibration ball 11 and the rigid platform 10, and the platform acceleration sensor 1002 can be used to measure the acceleration change of the rigid platform 10 after receiving the impact.

[0050] The actuator 2, the box acceleration sensor 102 and the platform acceleration sensor 1002 are all electrically connected to the monitoring device, and all movements as well as data collection and analysis are uniformly controlled by the monitoring device.

[0051] In actual use, the relationship between acceleration and impact force is first obtained by using a calibration experimental device, and the corresponding relationship data is transmitted to the monitoring device. Then, the monitoring device can send the impact force information corresponding to the required impact force to the actuator 2 as needed, so that the actuator 2 works with a predetermined impact force, thereby applying a predetermined impact force to the soil layer 101. Finally, the vibration acceleration data in the soil layer 101 is collected through the box acceleration sensor 102 and transmitted to the monitoring device for unified analysis.

[0052] In this embodiment, the monitoring device includes a computer host 3, a programmable time controller 4 and a dynamic data acquisition device 5. The corresponding connection relationship is as follows: Fig.10 As shown, the programmable time controller 4 and the dynamic data collector 5 are both electrically connected to the computer host 3 , the dynamic data collector 5 and the actuator 2 are both electrically connected to the programmable time controller 4 , and the dynamic data collector 5 is also electrically connected to the box acceleration sensor 102 .

[0053] In actual use, the host computer 3 can control the switch and operation of the actuator 2 and the dynamic data acquisition instrument 5 through the programmable time controller 4. The monitoring data of the box acceleration sensor 102 will also be collected by the dynamic data acquisition instrument 5 and finally transmitted to the host computer 3 for data analysis.

[0054] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the lower end of the first side of the soil slope model box 1 is rotatably connected with a first hinge shaft, and two first hinge seats are provided on the support base 7, and the two ends of the first hinge shaft are respectively hinged on the two first hinge seats, thereby achieving the technical effect that the lower surface of the first side of the soil slope model box 1 is hinged on the support base 7. Similarly, the lower surface of the second side of the soil slope model box 1 is hinged to the upper end of the angle adjustment jack 6, and the lower end of the angle adjustment jack 6 is hinged to the upper end of the support base 7. Specifically, the second side of the soil slope model box 1 is rotatably connected with a second hinge shaft, and the two ends of the second hinge shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the telescopic ends of the two angle adjustment jacks 6, and the fixed end of the angle adjustment jack 6 is rotatably connected to the corresponding second hinge seat on the support base 7 through a pin shaft. In actual use, the inclination angle of the soil slope model box 1 can be adjusted by the telescopic effect of the angle adjustment jack 6, so as to meet different experimental requirements.

[0055] The support base 7 is fixed to the ground foundation 8 by bolts, so as to fix the support base 7 and avoid the support base 7 and the soil slope model box 1 from shifting during the experiment, thereby affecting the accuracy of the experiment. The ground foundation 8 can be a cement floor, which has low manufacturing cost and stable structure.

[0056] In this embodiment, the material of the soil slope model box 1 is stainless steel, that is, the five surfaces (excluding the top surface) of the soil slope model box 1 are all made of stainless steel plates, with a solid structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0057] In this embodiment, a waterproof foam plastic layer and a sponge layer are provided on the bottom and four side walls of the soil slope model box 1, wherein the foam plastic layer is closer to the stainless steel plate than the sponge layer. The function of the foam plastic layer and the sponge layer is to effectively prevent the reflection of the vibration wave from interfering with the vibration acceleration waveform received by the box acceleration sensor 102.

[0058] In this embodiment, the suspension device is a crane 9. It should be noted that there are two reasons why the crane 9 is used instead of a conventional bracket to fix the actuator 2: first, if a bracket is used to fix the actuator 2, the bracket must be installed on the ground foundation 8, and the vibration of the actuator 2 will be transmitted to the ground foundation 8 through the bracket, and the vibration on the ground foundation 8 will be transmitted to the soil slope model box 1 through the support base 7, which may affect the measurement accuracy of the box acceleration sensor 102; second, if a bracket structure is used, some shock-absorbing layers must be set on the bracket, so the manufacturing cost of the bracket is also high.

[0059] In this embodiment, a counterweight 12 is fixed to the actuator 2 by bolts. The purpose of installing the counterweight 12 is to prevent the actuator 2 from bouncing up due to a large vibration force when the actuator 2 is running, thereby causing the problem of intermittent impact force. The counterweight 12 can effectively increase the deadweight of the actuator 2, so that the actuator 2 is always in contact with the surface of the soil layer 101.

[0060] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, there are 5 to 8 box acceleration sensors 102, which are spaced apart on the center line of the soil slope model box. Figure 4 The circular area on the center line of the upper and middle surface is the action area of ​​the actuator 2.

[0061] In this embodiment, a gravel layer 103 is provided on the upper surface of the uppermost soil layer 101. It should be noted that the gravel layer 103 can be provided only in the range between the actuator 2 and the soil layer 101. The gravel layer 103 is provided to, on the one hand, allow the continuous impact process to develop in a stable state, and on the other hand, prevent the impact force from being too large, causing the actuator 2 to enter the soil layer 101, and excessive energy being consumed by the plastic deformation of the soil layer 101, thereby increasing the experimental error.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] This embodiment provides an experimental method for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse using a model device, based on the model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse disclosed in the first embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1. Preparation of soil model box:

[0065] The soil model box is placed horizontally, and waterproof foam plastic layers and sponge layers are installed at the bottom and around the soil model box in sequence, which effectively prevents the reflection of vibration waves from interfering with the acceleration waveform. Then, each soil layer 101 is laid in the soil model box. After each layer is laid (the thickness of the laid soil layer 101 is required to be no more than 5 cm), the soil layer is compacted with a tool to make the density of the soil layer 101 close to that in the natural state. Before laying the next soil layer 101, the surface of the previous soil layer 101 should be roughened with a wire brush to facilitate good contact between the layers.

[0066] When the soil layer 101 is laid to the expected height, the box acceleration sensor 102 is buried in sequence along the center line of the soil slope model box 1 to a certain depth (such as Figure 4 As shown, the lead wires of the box acceleration sensor 102 are led out along the side wall of the soil slope model box 1 and connected to the dynamic data acquisition instrument 5. The spacing of the box acceleration sensors 102 is reasonably arranged according to the size of the soil slope model box 1, and the total number is preferably 5-8.

[0067] For a saturated soil slope, the soil layer 101 in the soil slope model box 1 should be made saturated when the soil slope model box 1 is laid flat (this can be achieved by evenly spraying tap water).

[0068] S2. Calibration of impact force and acceleration waveform of rigid platform 10:

[0069] Take a calibration ball 11 with a known mass (m), release it freely at a certain height (H) and let it fall on the rigid platform 10, and try to ensure that it falls on the center of the rigid platform 10. The velocity of the calibration ball 11 when it contacts the rigid platform 10 can be calculated as v, (which can be obtained from the free fall formula Where g is the acceleration due to gravity). From the impact force calculation formula, we know that the impact force F = (m×v) / T, where T is the time difference of the first acceleration waveform received by the platform acceleration sensor 1002 (such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the subsequent waveform clutter is too much and is not studied. By setting different drop heights H, the corresponding relationship curve of impact force-acceleration peak height can be obtained.

[0070] S3, Impact force waveform processing:

[0071] According to the corresponding relationship curve of the impact force-acceleration peak height in step S2, the acceleration waveform is converted into an impact force waveform by using the computer host 3, and the impact force waveform is subjected to Y-axis offset processing according to the weight of the counterweight block 12 on the actuator 2, so that the offset G is the same as the total weight of the counterweight block 12 and the actuator 2 (such as Fig. 9 As shown, the waveform on the top of the figure is the un-shifted waveform, and the waveform on the bottom is the shifted waveform, wherein the X-axis represents time and the Y-axis represents impact force). The impact force waveform after shifting is the waveform input to the actuator 2.

[0072] S4. Apply impact force to the predetermined position of the soil slope model box 1:

[0073] The angle adjustment jack 6 length is adjusted so that the soil slope model box 1 reaches the simulated slope angle.

[0074] By moving the crane 9, the spatial position of the actuator 2 is adjusted so that the actuator 2 is located at the predetermined impact position. By adjusting the length of the sling or lifting rope, it is ensured that the weight of the actuator 2 and the counterweight 12 is completely applied to the predetermined impact position, that is, the crane 9 only controls the actuator 2 to maintain a vertical state, and does not bear any of its weight.

[0075] A layer of gravel 103 about 2 cm thick (with a particle size of about 0.2 cm and uniform distribution) is laid at the contact point between the actuator 2 and the soil layer 101 (on the one hand, it allows the continuous impact process to develop in a steady state, and on the other hand, it prevents the impact force from being too large, causing the actuator rod to enter the soil layer 101 and excessive energy to be consumed by the plastic deformation of the soil). The impact force waveform after the Y-axis offset is input into the actuator 2 to generate an impact force at the predetermined impact position.

[0076] The computer host 3 distributes the time control signal to the actuator 2 and the dynamic data acquisition instrument 5 synchronously through the programmable time controller 4, so as to realize the zero time difference start of the two processes of inputting the impact force waveform and receiving the signal of the box acceleration sensor 102. Fig.10 As shown, for the simulation of saturated soil slope, considering the seepage process of soil layer 101, the preparation time of step S4 should be shortened as much as possible. Finally, the monitoring output of the box acceleration sensor 102 will be transmitted to the computer host 3 through the dynamic data acquisition instrument 5, and the computer host 3 will perform data acquisition and analysis.

[0077] In addition, in some cases where specific research is required, a step can be added between step S2 and step S3, namely, collecting the acceleration waveform of crushed rocks: using the rigid platform 10 to collect the impact waveform of continuous collapse and rockfall, that is, replacing a calibration ball 11 with multiple crushed rocks, and falling freely onto the rigid platform 10 under the action of gravity. The dynamic data acquisition instrument 5 receives the acceleration signal of the platform acceleration sensor 1002, and records it as an acceleration waveform after filtering and noise reduction processing by the computer host 3.

[0078] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse, characterized in that: Including simulation experiment device, calibration experiment device and monitoring device; The simulation experiment device comprises a soil slope model box and an actuator, wherein the soil slope model box contains a plurality of soil layers, wherein a plurality of box acceleration sensors are buried in the soil layers, and the upper end of the actuator is connected to a suspension device, and the actuator can exert an impact force on the soil layers; The calibration experimental device comprises a rigid platform and a calibration ball, wherein a platform acceleration sensor and a plurality of spring supports are arranged on the lower surface of the rigid platform, and the calibration ball is used to fall onto the rigid platform; The actuator, the box acceleration sensor and the platform acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the monitoring device.

2. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring device includes a computer host, a programmable time controller and a dynamic data collector. The programmable time controller and the dynamic data collector are both electrically connected to the computer host. The dynamic data collector and the actuator are both electrically connected to the programmable time controller. The dynamic data collector is also electrically connected to the box acceleration sensor.

3. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower surface of the first side of the soil slope model box is hinged on the support base, the lower surface of the second side of the soil slope model box is hinged to the upper end of the angle adjustment jack, and the lower end of the angle adjustment jack is hinged to the upper end of the support base; The support base is fixed to the ground foundation by bolts.

4. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil slope model box is made of stainless steel.

5. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom and four side walls of the soil slope model box are provided with a foam plastic layer and a sponge layer.

6. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension device is a crane.

7. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A counterweight is fixed on the actuator.

8. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box acceleration sensors are provided with 5 to 8 pieces, and the box acceleration sensors are distributed at intervals on the center line of the soil slope model box.

9. The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gravel layer is provided on the upper surface of the soil layer located at the uppermost layer.

10. An experimental method for a model device for determining the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse, characterized in that: The model device for measuring the impact vibration effect of soil slope collapse according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation of soil model box: Place the soil model box horizontally, install foam plastic layers and sponge layers at the bottom and around the soil model box in sequence, then lay each soil layer in the soil model box, compact each layer after laying it; roughen the surface of the previous layer before laying the next layer to ensure good soil contact between the soil layers; bury the box acceleration sensor after the soil layer is laid to the expected height, lead the box acceleration sensor along the side wall of the soil slope model box, and connect it to the dynamic data acquisition instrument; S2. Calibration of impact force and acceleration waveform of rigid platform: Take a calibration ball of known mass, release it freely at a certain height and let it fall on a rigid platform. The final speed of the ball when it contacts the rigid platform is v, which can be obtained by the free fall formula From the impact force calculation formula, we know that the impact force F = (m × v) / T, where T is the time difference of the first acceleration waveform received by the platform acceleration sensor. By setting different drop heights H, the corresponding relationship curve between the impact force and the acceleration peak height can be obtained. S3, Impact force waveform processing: According to the corresponding relationship curve of the impact force-acceleration peak height in step S2, the acceleration waveform is converted into an impact force waveform by using a computer host, and the impact force waveform is subjected to Y-axis offset processing according to the weight of the counterweight block on the actuator, so that the offset G is the same as the total weight of the counterweight block and the actuator, and the offset impact force waveform is the waveform input to the actuator; S4. Apply impact force to the predetermined position of the soil slope model box: Adjust the angle and length of the jack to make the soil slope model box reach the simulated slope angle; adjust the spatial position of the actuator by moving the crane to make the actuator located at the predetermined impact position, and ensure that the weight of the actuator and the counterweight block is completely applied to the predetermined impact position; lay a gravel layer at the contact point between the actuator and the soil layer, input the impact force waveform after Y-axis offset into the actuator, and generate an impact force at the predetermined impact position; the computer host synchronously distributes the time control signal to the actuator and the dynamic data acquisition instrument through the programmable time controller, so as to realize the zero time difference start of the two processes of inputting the impact force waveform and receiving the signal of the box acceleration sensor. Finally, the monitoring output of the box acceleration sensor will be transmitted to the computer host through the dynamic data acquisition instrument, and the computer host will collect and analyze the data.

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