Brinell hardness block marking method and indentation measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a Brinell hardness block marking method and an indentation measuring method, and the method comprises the steps: planning and calculating a maximum available point, carrying out planning by taking the indentation diameter as d and the Brinell hardness block diameter as D, setting the diameter of each indentation occupation area as 3d, arranging n indentation occupation areas along a preset radial direction, indentation occupying areas with the sequentially decreasing number are parallelly arranged on the two sides of the preset radial direction, the number of the placing columns is (n-1) / 2, and the decreasing number of the indentation occupying areas away from the center column is 1 compared with the indentation occupying areas close to the center column; and S2, carrying out partition marking on the available points, and marking the center of the available area according to the maximum available point number and position planning calculated in the step S1. According to the marking method, firstly, the number of indentation occupied areas in the direction is planned along the radial line passing through the circle center of the Brinell hardness block, then the number of columns on the two sides of the center column is calculated based on the number, the number of each column is calculated in a decreasing mode, and finally the number and position of the maximum available points on the Brinell hardness block of the specification are obtained. And the cost is greatly saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Brinell hardness tester measurement and detection, and in particular, to a Brinell hardness block marking method. In addition, the present invention also relates to an indentation measurement method including the Brinell hardness block marking method. Background Art

[0002] The Brinell hardness test is a test method with the largest indentation among all hardness tests. It can reflect the comprehensive performance of the material and is not affected by the microscopic segregation of the sample structure and the uneven composition. It is a hardness test method with higher accuracy.

[0003] Brinell hardness block is a standard material used for verification / calibration of Brinell hardness tester. According to JJG 150-2005 Verification Procedure for Metal Brinell Hardness Tester, the distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations of the Brinell hardness block should not be less than 3 times the indentation diameter; the distance from the indentation center to the edge of the standard block should not be less than 2.5 times the indentation diameter.

[0004] Too close indentation spacing will cause the indentations to affect each other, resulting in deviations in the hardness value. There is a lack of indications on the surface of the hardness block, and users tend to ignore the requirements for the indentation spacing of the Brinell hardness block and the distance between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block. At the same time, there is a lack of measurement tools and methods, making it difficult to measure the indentation spacing of the hardness block and the distance between the indentation and the edge.

[0005] In the prior art, measurement is mainly achieved by further improving the Brinell hardness tester equipment through auxiliary devices. For example, the technical solution of Patent No. 202311594302.1 discloses a fully automatic standard Brinell hardness machine and its displacement method. By setting up an indentation detection device, a camera and a displacement mechanism are built to collect information at multiple points to compare and determine the indentation position and then determine whether it meets the requirements. Its structure and system are relatively complex, and the construction cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a Brinell hardness block marking method and an indentation measurement method to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the indentation spacing of the Brinell hardness block and the measurement of the indentation and the edge of the hardness block are complicated and difficult to measure.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a Brinell hardness block marking method, comprising:

[0008] S1. Plan and calculate the maximum available point, with the indentation diameter as d and the Brinell hardness block diameter as D. The diameter of each indentation occupied area is 3d. n indentation occupied areas are arranged along the preset radial direction. The number of indentation occupied areas is arranged in parallel on both sides of the preset radial direction in descending order. The number of columns is (n-1) / 2, and the number of columns far away from the center is 1 compared to the number of columns close to the center.

[0009] S2. Mark the available points according to the maximum number of available points and location planning calculated in step S1, and mark the center of the available area.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S1 includes:

[0011] The number of occupied areas of the preset radially arranged indentations is planned as n=(D-4d) / 3d.

[0012] On the other hand, an indentation measurement method is also provided, which is applied with the above-mentioned Brinell hardness block marking method, and the indentation measurement method comprises:

[0013] A1. Select available points for hardness test;

[0014] A2. Indentation spacing measurement;

[0015] A3.Measurement of the distance between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step A2 includes:

[0017] A21. Calculate the average indentation diameter a;

[0018] A22. Measure the distance between adjacent indentations. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a, the indentation distance meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go to step A1 to repeat the hardness test.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step A3 includes:

[0020] Measure the distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block. If the shortest distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block is ≥2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go to step A1 to repeat the hardness test.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the indentation measurement method further includes:

[0022] Use a full circle ruler to measure the distance between the indentations and the distance between the indentations and the edge of the Brinell hardness test block.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a grid-shaped mark of a preset specification is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block before use.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step A2 further includes:

[0025] Determine whether the spacing is qualified based on the number of grids between the indentations to be tested;

[0026] Step A3 also includes:

[0027] The qualification is determined by the number of grids between the indentation to be tested and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the specification of the grid-shaped mark is 0.5mm*0.5mm or 1mm*1mm or 2mm*2mm.

[0029] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the grid-shaped mark is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block by laser marking or oil printing.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an indentation measurement method, which includes the above-mentioned Brinell hardness block marking method.

[0031] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] This marking method first plans the maximum number of indentation occupied areas in this direction along the radial line passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block based on the indentation diameter, the Brinell hardness block diameter, and the indentation occupied area diameter, and then calculates the number of columns that can be planned on both sides of the center column based on the number of the maximum indentation occupied area in this direction, and calculates the number of each column in a decreasing manner to complete the planning of available points, and finally obtains the number and position of the maximum available points on the Brinell hardness block of this specification. The overall calculation and operation of this method are simple, and the cost is greatly saved; on the other hand, by partitioning and marking the available points calculated and planned through the above steps, and marking the center of the available area, when using it, it is only necessary to find the center of each point to perform a hardness test, effectively realizing the maximum utilization of the Brinell hardness block, thereby effectively reducing material costs and greatly improving work efficiency.

[0033] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Brinell hardness block according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a zoning planning method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardness block partition arrangement of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the indentation spacing measurement fails;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a qualified indentation spacing measurement in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the distance measurement between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block fails;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing that the distance between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block is qualified in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Brinell hardness block according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a zoning planning method according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardness block partition arrangement of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the indentation spacing measurement fails; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a qualified indentation spacing measurement in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the distance measurement between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block fails; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing that the distance between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block is qualified in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the Brinell hardness block marking method of this embodiment includes:

[0045] S1. Plan and calculate the maximum available point, with the indentation diameter as d and the Brinell hardness block diameter as D. Each indentation occupied area has a diameter of 3d, and n indentation occupied areas are arranged along the preset radial direction. The indentation occupied areas with decreasing numbers are arranged in parallel on both sides of the preset radial direction. The number of columns is (n-1) / 2, and the decreasing number of the columns far away from the center is 1 compared to the columns close to the center. It should be understood that n is the maximum number of indentation occupied areas that can be arranged in the preset radial direction of the Brinell hardness block;

[0046] S2. Mark the available points according to the maximum number of available points and location planning calculated in step S1, and mark the center of the available area.

[0047] The preset radial direction is any radial line passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block;

[0048] It can be understood that the marking method first plans the maximum number of indentation occupied areas in this direction along the radial line passing through the center of the Brinell hardness block based on the indentation diameter, the Brinell hardness block diameter, and the indentation occupied area diameter, and then calculates the number of columns that can be planned on both sides of the center column based on the number of the maximum indentation occupied area in this direction, and calculates the number of each column in a decreasing manner to complete the planning of the available points, and finally obtains the number and position of the maximum available points on the Brinell hardness block of this specification. The overall calculation and operation of this method are simple, and the cost is greatly saved; on the other hand, by zoning and marking the available points calculated and planned through the above steps, and marking the center of the available area, it is only necessary to find the center of each point to perform the hardness test when using it, effectively realizing the maximum utilization of the Brinell hardness block, thereby effectively reducing material costs and greatly improving work efficiency.

[0049] In this embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0050] The number of areas occupied by the preset radially arranged indentations is planned as n=(D-4d) / 3d.

[0051] It should be noted that the Brinell hardness block is divided into a porous block and a non-porous block, but no matter it is a porous block or a non-porous block, the central area of ​​the Brinell hardness block cannot be used; based on the calculation requirements of the number of planned columns and the principle that the central area cannot be used, this method plans the number of indentation occupied areas of the central column with n = (D-4d) / 3d and n takes the largest integer and an odd number, so as to meet the requirements of different application scenarios and realize the planning of the maximum number of indentation occupied areas.

[0052] The indentation measurement method of this embodiment applies the above-mentioned Brinell hardness block marking method, and the indentation measurement method includes:

[0053] A1. Select available points for hardness test; wherein the hardness test is implemented with reference to the hardness test of the prior art, and will not be elaborated on in this embodiment;

[0054] A2. Indentation spacing measurement: that is, to determine whether it meets the requirements by measuring the indentation spacing;

[0055] Specifically, step A2 includes:

[0056] A21. Calculate the average indentation diameter a;

[0057] A22. Measure the distance between adjacent indentations. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a, the distance between indentations meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go to step A1 to re-perform the hardness test.

[0058] It should be noted that the reference Figure 4 and Figure 5, combined with the requirements of the regulations, the distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations should not be less than 3 times the indentation diameter d, that is, the distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations should not be less than 3d, but since this distance cannot be measured directly, this embodiment measures it by measuring the shortest distance between the tangent points of adjacent indentations, that is, the shortest distance between the tangent points of adjacent indentations shall not be less than 2d, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 During the measurement process, first calculate the 2a value based on the actual average indentation diameter a, and then measure the distance between adjacent indentations. If the measured distance between adjacent indentations is greater than the shortest distance required above, the indentation spacing meets the requirements. Otherwise, the indentation spacing does not meet the requirements, and another point should be found to repeat the hardness test.

[0059] A3.Measurement of the distance between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

[0060] Specifically, step A3 includes:

[0061] Measure the distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness test block. If the shortest distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness test block is ≥2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go to step A1 to re-perform the hardness test.

[0062] It is understood that the distance from the center of the indentation to the edge of the hardness block should not be less than 2.5 times the diameter of the indentation, that is, 2.5d. This distance cannot be measured directly, so the shortest distance between the indentation and the edge is measured instead. Figure 6 and Figure 7 , similarly, before measurement, 2a is calculated based on the average indentation diameter, that is, the distance between the indentation and the edge shall not be less than 2a. If the distance is greater than the required shortest distance, the distance between the indentation and the edge of the hardness block meets the requirements. Otherwise, it does not meet the requirements, and another point should be found to re-test the hardness. This embodiment is based on the planning of available indentation points and the conversion of measurement references to achieve measurement of whether the indentation spacing and indentation edge spacing of the Brinell hardness block meet the requirements, which greatly simplifies the operation, reduces the work intensity, and improves the work efficiency. In addition, this measurement method is achieved based on the improvement of the Brinell hardness block, without the need to improve the Brinell hardness equipment, and without relying on the construction of auxiliary equipment, image recognition systems, etc., and the application and promotion costs are lower.

[0063] In this embodiment, the indentation measurement method further includes:

[0064] Use a full-circle ruler to measure the distance between the indentations and the distance between the indentations and the edge of the Brinell hardness block;

[0065] The indentation diameter of common Brinell hardness blocks is between 0.6 mm and 6.0 mm. In order to adapt to the indentation spacing measurement of most Brinell hardness blocks, this embodiment adopts a full-circle ruler for measurement. During the measurement, as long as two adjacent indentations do not intersect with the circle of the corresponding diameter, it is considered that the indentation spacing meets the requirements. A full-circle ruler that can cover the indentation spacing measurement range is selected to achieve one ruler to measure all Brinell hardness blocks, which is easy to operate and improves work efficiency.

[0066] In one embodiment, a grid mark of preset specifications is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block before use, wherein the grid mark is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block by laser marking or oil printing; when the Brinell hardness block is used, it can be judged whether the spacing meets the requirements by the number of grids occupied by the current indentation and the number of grids between the indentations;

[0067] The specification of the grid-shaped mark is 0.5mm*0.5mm or 1mm*1mm or 2mm*2mm, preferably 1mm*1mm, so that the spacing can be judged quickly based on the number of grids without calculation, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0068] Specifically, step A2 further includes:

[0069] Whether the spacing is qualified is determined by the number of grids between the indentations to be tested; in some cases, whether the spacing between the indentations is qualified can be quickly and intuitively determined by the number of grids between the indentations, without the need for measuring tools, which further simplifies the operation and improves work efficiency.

[0070] Step A3 also includes:

[0071] Whether it is qualified is judged according to the number of grids between the indentation to be tested and the edge of the Brinell hardness block; in some cases, the number of grids between the indentation and the edge can be used to quickly and intuitively judge whether the distance between the indentation and the edge is qualified, without the need to use measuring tools for measurement, which further simplifies the operation and improves work efficiency.

[0072] Embodiment 1

[0073] In this embodiment, reference Figures 1 to 3 , using a more conventional Brinell hardness block, the specifications are Φ90×Φ12×18, which refer to its outer diameter, inner diameter, and thickness respectively; Among them, the Brinell hardness block is divided into a hole block and a non-hole block. Whether it is a hole block or a non-hole block, its central area cannot be used;

[0074] In this embodiment, reference Figures 1 to 3, assuming that the indentation diameter is d, the planning is based on the indentation diameter of d and the Brinell hardness block diameter of D. The diameter of each indentation occupied area is 3d. n indentation occupied areas are arranged along the preset radial direction. The number of indentation occupied areas arranged in the preset radial direction is planned as n=(D-4d) / 3d. The indentation occupied areas with decreasing numbers are arranged in parallel on both sides of the preset radial direction. The number of columns is (n-1) / 2. The decreasing number of columns far away from the center column is 1 compared to the number of columns close to the center column.

[0075] Then there can be a total of n+2(n-1)+2(n-2)+…

[0076] Take a hardness block with an indentation diameter of d = 4.5 mm as an example. If D = 90 mm, then:

[0077] The number of radial lines passing through the center of the circle that can be placed is n = (D-4d) / 3d, that is, n = (90-18) / 15 = 5

[0078] A total of (n-1) / 2 = 2 columns can be placed on both sides

[0079] The total number of indentations that can be made is 5+2×4+2×3=19;

[0080] refer to Figures 1 to 3 Before the hardness block is put into use, the number of indentations that can be made on each newly purchased hardness block can be calculated according to the standard indentation diameter given in the Brinell hardness block traceability certificate, and the center of each available area can be marked. When using it, you only need to conduct the experiment on the unused area, which can effectively avoid the problem of indentation distance being too close and the distance between the indentation and the edge not meeting the requirements. It is simple and intuitive to use. At the same time, it clarifies the maximum number of times each hardness block can be used, saving costs and reducing material loss.

[0081] On the other hand, in order to facilitate the operation, the requirements for the indentation spacing and the distance between the indentation and the edge can be made into a table, and the user can just look up the table when using it. If the indentation diameter of the hardness block cannot be found in the table, the reference to the adjacent point is used, based on the principle of going higher rather than lower, to ensure that the spacing meets the requirements.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Brinell hardness block marking method, characterized in that: include: S1. Plan and calculate the maximum available point, with the indentation diameter as d and the Brinell hardness block diameter as D. The diameter of each indentation occupied area is 3d. n indentation occupied areas are arranged along the preset radial direction. The number of indentation occupied areas is arranged in parallel on both sides of the preset radial direction in descending order. The number of columns is (n-1) / 2, and the number of columns far away from the center is 1 compared to the number of columns close to the center. S2. Mark the available points according to the maximum number of available points and location planning calculated in step S1, and mark the center of the available area.

2. The Brinell hardness block marking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: The number of areas occupied by the preset radially arranged indentations is planned as n=(D-4d) / 3d.

3. An indentation measurement method, characterized in that: The Brinell hardness block marking method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is applied, and the indentation measurement method comprises: A1. Select available points for hardness test; A2. Indentation spacing measurement; A3.Measurement of the distance between the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

4. The indentation measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step A2 includes: A21. Calculate the average indentation diameter a; A22. Measure the distance between adjacent indentations. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is ≥2a, the indentation distance meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go to step A1 to repeat the hardness test.

5. The indentation measurement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step A3 includes: Measure the distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block. If the shortest distance between the edge of the indentation and the edge of the Brinell hardness block is ≥2a, the indentation spacing meets the requirements. If the shortest distance between adjacent indentations is <2a, select other available points and go to step A1 to repeat the hardness test.

6. The indentation measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The indentation measurement method further comprises: Use a full circle ruler to measure the distance between the indentations and the distance between the indentations and the edge of the Brinell hardness test block.

7. The indentation measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Brinell hardness block is provided with a grid-shaped mark of a preset specification on the surface before use.

8. The indentation measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step A2 also includes: Determine whether the spacing is qualified based on the number of grids between the indentations to be tested; Step A3 also includes: The qualification is determined by the number of grids between the indentation to be tested and the edge of the Brinell hardness block.

9. The indentation measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specifications of the grid-shaped mark are 0.5mm*0.5mm or 1mm*1mm or 2mm*2mm.

10. The indentation measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grid-shaped mark is set on the surface of the Brinell hardness block by laser marking or oil printing.

Images