Radio frequency mark axial single-time rapid imaging device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a radio frequency marking axial single-time rapid imaging device and method. The radio frequency marking axial single-time rapid imaging device comprises a detection light source, a radio frequency marking unit and a sample axial excitation detection unit, the radio frequency marking unit carries out radio frequency marking on each spectral component in the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source to obtain the detection light beam after radio frequency marking; the sample axial excitation detection unit comprises an objective lens and a single-pixel detector, the objective lens adopts a dispersion objective lens, each modulated spectral component in the detection light beam after radio frequency marking is focused to different depths in the axial direction of the sample, and signal light generated at each depth is simultaneously detected by the single-pixel detector at a time. According to the radio frequency mark axial single-time fast imaging device and method, fast axial imaging can be achieved within a large depth range, and meanwhile axial random fast imaging is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of imaging technology, and in particular relates to a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device and method. Background Art

[0002] In three-dimensional imaging, scanning speed is a key factor in achieving fast imaging, and axial fast scanning technology is still an important problem to be solved. At present, axial scanning technology is mainly divided into the following types: the first is mechanical scanning technology, in which axial scanning is achieved by moving the objective lens or sample. This technology is limited by mechanical inertia, and the scanning speed is difficult to reach kilohertz. In addition, this technology can only measure sequentially in the axial direction, and cannot randomly select the target depth for measurement; the second is the excitation light wavefront modulation technology, in which current focusing lens, MEMS deformable mirror, spatial light modulator, acousto-optic device and other phase modulation devices are used to achieve depth scanning, which has the problem of small axial scanning range; the third is the conical lens technology, in which conical lenses are used instead of traditional microscope objective lenses. When parallel light passes through the conical lens, it is focused into a line in the depth direction. According to the principle of reversible optical path, signals at different depths are transmitted through the conical lens and become parallel light in different radial directions. The use of a planar array detector to identify signals in the radial direction can realize the recognition of signals at different depths. The imaging speed of the conical lens technology in the depth direction depends on the refresh rate of the camera, which is generally less than kilohertz.

[0003] It can be seen that various existing axial scanning technologies generally have the problems of small axial scanning range and slow imaging speed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device and method, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device, comprising: a detection light source (1), a radio frequency labeling unit and a sample axial excitation detection unit; The detection light source (1) is used to emit a detection light beam, and the detection light beam is a wide-spectrum detection light beam; The radio frequency tagging unit is used to modulate each spectral component in the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source (1) at different frequencies, so that each modulated spectral component has a different frequency domain and modulation frequency, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component in the detection light beam, thereby obtaining a detection light beam after radio frequency tagging; The sample axial excitation detection unit comprises an objective lens (13) and a single-pixel detector (15), wherein the objective lens (13) is a dispersive objective lens; each of the modulated spectral components in the detection light beam after radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths in the sample axis by the dispersive objective lens, thereby simultaneously exciting the sample at different depths to generate signal light; the signal light generated at each depth is detected simultaneously by the single-pixel detector (15); wherein: since each of the modulated spectral components has a different modulation frequency, each of the signal lights generated by the sample when it is excited also has a different modulation frequency, and therefore, the single-pixel detector (15) recognizes each of the signal lights in the modulation frequency domain by the modulation frequency of each of the signal lights.

[0006] Preferably, the radio frequency tag unit comprises an acousto-optic deflector (2), a first plane total reflection mirror (3), a second plane total reflection mirror (4), a spatial filter, a third plane total reflection mirror (8) and a beam combiner (9); The acousto-optic deflector (2) is located on the detection light beam transmission path of the detection light source (1); The acousto-optic deflector (2) outputs first-order diffracted light and zero-order transmitted light; the second plane total reflection mirror (4) is arranged on the transmission path of the first-order diffracted light of the acousto-optic deflector (2); Arranging the first planar total reflection mirror (3) on the zero-order transmission light transmission path of the acousto-optic deflector (2); The spatial filter is arranged on the reflection path of the second plane total reflection mirror (4); and the third plane total reflection mirror (8) is arranged on the output light beam transmission path of the spatial filter; The beam combiner (9) is arranged at a position where a reflection path of the first planar total reflection mirror (3) and a reflection path of the third planar total reflection mirror (8) intersect.

[0007] Preferably, the spatial filter comprises a first focusing lens (5), an aperture (6) and a collimating lens (7) which are arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the light path.

[0008] Preferably, the sample axial excitation detection unit further comprises a beam splitter (10), a first scanning galvanometer (11), and a second scanning galvanometer (12); The beam splitter (10) is arranged on the output light beam transmission path of the beam combiner (9); the first scanning galvanometer (11) is arranged on the transmission path of the beam splitter (10), the second scanning galvanometer (12) is arranged on the reflection path of the first scanning galvanometer (11), and the objective lens (13) is arranged on the reflection path of the second scanning galvanometer (12); and the single pixel detector (15) is arranged on the reflection path of the beam splitter (10).

[0009] Preferably, the sample axial excitation detection unit further comprises a second focusing lens (14) and a data acquisition circuit (16); the second focusing lens (14) is arranged in the path between the single-pixel detector (15) and the beam splitter (10), and the single-pixel detector (15) is located at the focusing focal plane position of the second focusing lens (14); the output end of the single-pixel detector (15) is connected to the data acquisition circuit (16).

[0010] The present invention also provides an imaging method of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device, comprising the following steps: Step S1, a detection light source (1) emits a detection light beam and transmits it to a radio frequency tag unit; wherein the detection light beam is a wide-spectrum detection light beam; Step S2, the radio frequency tagging unit modulates each spectral component in the detection light beam with different frequencies, so that each modulated spectral component has a different frequency domain and modulation frequency, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component in the detection light beam, thereby obtaining a detection light beam after radio frequency tagging, and transmitting it to the sample axial excitation detection unit; Step S3, the sample axial excitation detection unit comprises an objective lens (13) and a single pixel detector (15), wherein the objective lens (13) is a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each of the modulated spectral components in the detection light beam after the radio frequency tag is focused to different depths in the sample axis, thereby simultaneously exciting the sample at different depths to generate signal light; the signal light generated at each depth is detected simultaneously by the single pixel detector (15); wherein: since each of the modulated spectral components has a different modulation frequency, each of the signal lights generated by the sample when it is excited also has a different modulation frequency, and therefore, the single pixel detector (15) recognizes each of the signal lights in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each of the signal lights.

[0011] Preferably, step S2 specifically comprises: Step S2.1, the radio frequency tag unit comprises an acousto-optic deflector (2), a first plane total reflection mirror (3), a second plane total reflection mirror (4), a spatial filter, a third plane total reflection mirror (8) and a beam combiner (9); Step S2.2, after the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source (1) is acted upon by the acousto-optic deflector (2), a zero-order transmitted light and a first-order diffracted light are output; wherein: the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light is the same as the direction of the incident light incident on the acousto-optic deflector (2); each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light is offset from the direction of the incident light at different angles and has a frequency shift with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, and the frequency shift is equal to the driving frequency of the acousto-optic deflector (2); By controlling the acousto-optic deflector (2) to load driving signals of multiple frequencies, first-order diffraction light containing multiple spectral components and each spectral component having a different frequency shift relative to its zero-order transmitted light is obtained; specifically, for each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, multiple spectral components in the first-order diffraction light with different frequency shifts can correspond; Step S2.3, after the first-order diffraction light is reflected by the second plane total reflection mirror (4), it is filtered by the spatial filter, so that the spectral component that meets the specific angle passes through the spatial filter, and the spatial filter transmits the filtered first-order diffraction light; after the filtered first-order diffraction light is reflected by the third plane total reflection mirror (8), it is incident on the beam combiner (9); The zero-order transmitted light is reflected by the first plane total reflection mirror (3) and then incident on the beam combiner (9); In step S2.4, the beam combiner (9) performs beam combining and beating on the zero-order transmitted light and the filtered first-order diffraction light, that is, each spectral component in the filtered first-order diffraction light is beat with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component and obtaining a radio frequency tagged detection light beam.

[0012] Preferably, the spatial filter comprises a first focusing lens (5), an aperture (6) and a collimating lens (7); the spatial filter performs a filtering operation, specifically: The first-order diffracted light reflected by the second plane total reflection mirror (4) is focused onto the aperture (6) through the first focusing lens (5); the aperture (6) limits the transmission of spectral components that meet only a specific angle; and each spectral component that passes through the aperture (6) passes through the collimating lens (7) and is incident on the third plane total reflection mirror (8).

[0013] Preferably, step S3 specifically comprises: Step S3.1, the detection light beam after the radio frequency tag passes through the beam splitter (10), and then is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer (11) and the second scanning galvanometer (12) in sequence, and then transmitted to the objective lens (13); The objective lens (13) is a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each modulated spectral component in the detection light beam after the radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths in the axial direction of the sample, thereby simultaneously exciting different depths of the sample to generate signal light respectively; Step S3.2, the signal light generated at each depth is incident on the objective lens (13), is transmitted through the objective lens (13), and then sequentially passes through the second scanning galvanometer (12), the first scanning galvanometer (11) and the beam splitter (10) to be reflected to the second focusing lens (14); the signal light is focused to the single pixel detector (15) through the second focusing lens (14), and the output of the single pixel detector (15) is connected to the data acquisition circuit (16); Since each modulated spectral component has a different modulation frequency, each signal light generated by exciting the sample also has a different modulation frequency. Therefore, the single-pixel detector (15) recognizes each signal light in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each signal light, thereby achieving axial single-shot rapid imaging.

[0014] Preferably, the axial single rapid imaging further comprises: By adjusting the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector (2), the spectral components passing through the aperture (6) are adjusted, and then the focusing depth of each modulated spectral component after passing through the objective lens (13) is adjusted, thereby achieving axial random rapid imaging.

[0015] The radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device and method provided by the present invention have the following advantages: The invention provides a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device and method, which can realize rapid axial imaging within a relatively large depth range and simultaneously realize axial random rapid imaging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing an implementation example of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device provided by the present invention.

[0017] in: A is a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device; 1 is the detection light source, 2 is the acousto-optic deflector, 3 is the first plane total reflection mirror, 4 is the second plane total reflection mirror, 5 is the first focusing lens, 6 is the aperture, 7 is the collimating lens, 8 is the third plane total reflection mirror, 9 is the beam combiner, 10 is the beam splitter, 11 is the first scanning galvanometer, 12 is the second scanning galvanometer, 13 is the objective lens, 14 is the second focusing lens, 15 is the single pixel detector, 16 is the data acquisition circuit, L1 is the first layer of the layered sample, and L2 is the second layer of the layered sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] The present invention provides a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device and method, which can realize rapid axial imaging within a large depth range and simultaneously realize axial random rapid imaging, and has the following characteristics: (1) a light source modulated with different wavelengths and different frequencies is used as an excitation light source; (2) a dispersive objective lens is used to realize simultaneous excitation in the depth direction; and (3) a single-pixel detector is used to perform signal recognition in the modulation frequency domain.

[0020] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device, comprising: a detection light source 1, a radio frequency labeling unit and a sample axial excitation detection unit; A detection light source 1, used for emitting a detection light beam, wherein the detection light beam is a wide-spectrum detection light beam; A radio frequency tagging unit is used to modulate each spectral component in the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source 1 with different frequencies, so that each modulated spectral component has a different frequency domain and modulation frequency, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component in the detection light beam, thereby obtaining a detection light beam after radio frequency tagging; The sample axial excitation detection unit includes an objective lens 13 and a single-pixel detector 15, and the objective lens 13 adopts a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each modulated spectral component in the detection light beam after radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths of the sample axis, thereby simultaneously exciting different depths of the sample to generate signal lights respectively; the signal lights generated at each depth are detected simultaneously by the single-pixel detector 15 at a single time; wherein: since each modulated spectral component has a different modulation frequency, each signal light generated by the sample excited by it also has a different modulation frequency, therefore, the single-pixel detector 15 recognizes each signal light in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each signal light.

[0021] The structures of the radio frequency tag unit and the sample axial excitation detection unit are described in detail below: 1. Radio Frequency Tagging Unit The radio frequency tag unit includes an acousto-optic deflector 2, a first plane total reflection mirror 3, a second plane total reflection mirror 4, a spatial filter, a third plane total reflection mirror 8 and a beam combiner 9; The acousto-optic deflector 2 is located on the transmission path of the detection light beam of the detection light source 1; The acousto-optic deflector 2 outputs first-order diffracted light and zero-order transmitted light; a second plane total reflective mirror 4 is arranged on the transmission path of the first-order diffracted light of the acousto-optic deflector 2; A first plane total reflection mirror 3 is arranged on the zero-order transmission light transmission path of the acousto-optic deflector 2; A spatial filter is arranged on the reflection path of the second plane total reflection mirror 4; a third plane total reflection mirror 8 is arranged on the output light beam transmission path of the spatial filter; wherein the spatial filter comprises a first focusing lens 5, an aperture 6 and a collimating lens 7 which are arranged in sequence along the light path transmission direction.

[0022] A beam combiner 9 is arranged at a position where the reflection path of the first total-reflection mirror 3 and the reflection path of the third total-reflection mirror 8 intersect.

[0023] (II) Sample axial excitation detection unit The sample axial excitation detection unit includes an objective lens 13 and a single pixel detector 15, and also includes a beam splitter 10, a first scanning galvanometer 11, and a second scanning galvanometer 12; The beam splitter 10 is arranged on the output light beam transmission path of the beam combiner 9; the first scanning galvanometer 11 is arranged on the transmission path of the beam splitter 10, the second scanning galvanometer 12 is arranged on the reflection path of the first scanning galvanometer 11, and the objective lens 13 is arranged on the reflection path of the second scanning galvanometer 12; the single-pixel detector 15 is arranged on the reflection path of the beam splitter 10.

[0024] The sample axial excitation detection unit also includes a second focusing lens 14 and a data acquisition circuit 16; the second focusing lens 14 is arranged in the path between the single-pixel detector 15 and the beam splitter 10, and the single-pixel detector 15 is located at the focusing focal plane position of the second focusing lens 14; the output end of the single-pixel detector 15 is connected to the data acquisition circuit 16.

[0025] The present invention also provides a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging method, comprising the following steps: Step S1, the detection light source 1 emits a detection beam and transmits it to the radio frequency tag unit; wherein the detection beam is a wide-spectrum detection beam; Step S2, the radio frequency tagging unit modulates each spectral component in the detection beam with different frequencies, so that each modulated spectral component has a different frequency domain and modulation frequency, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component in the detection beam, thereby obtaining a radio frequency-tagged detection beam, and transmitting it to the sample axial excitation detection unit; Step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S2.1, the radio frequency tag unit includes an acousto-optic deflector 2, a first plane total reflection mirror 3, a second plane total reflection mirror 4, a spatial filter, a third plane total reflection mirror 8 and a beam combiner 9; Step S2.2, after the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source 1 is acted upon by the acousto-optic deflector 2, the zero-order transmitted light and the first-order diffracted light are output; Wherein: the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light is the same as the direction of the incident light incident on the acousto-optic deflector 2, and each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light is offset from the incident light direction at different angles and has a frequency shift with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, and the frequency shift amount is equal to the driving frequency of the acousto-optic deflector 2; By controlling the acousto-optic deflector 2 to load driving signals of multiple frequencies, first-order diffraction light containing multiple spectral components and having different frequency shifts relative to its zero-order transmitted light is obtained; specifically, for each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, it can correspond to multiple spectral components in the first-order diffraction light with different frequency shifts; Step S2.3, after the first-order diffraction light is reflected by the second plane total reflection mirror 4, it is filtered by the spatial filter, so that the spectral component that meets the specific angle passes through the spatial filter, and the spatial filter transmits the filtered first-order diffraction light; the filtered first-order diffraction light is reflected by the third plane total reflection mirror 8 and incident on the beam combiner 9; the zero-order transmission light is reflected by the first plane total reflection mirror 3 and incident on the beam combiner 9; The spatial filter includes a first focusing lens 5, an aperture 6 and a collimating lens 7; the spatial filter performs a filtering operation, specifically: the first-order diffraction light reflected by the second plane total reflection mirror 4 is focused to the aperture 6 through the first focusing lens 5, the aperture 6 limits the transmission of only spectral components that meet a specific angle, and the spectral components that pass through the aperture 6 are incident on the third plane total reflection mirror 8 after passing through the collimating lens 7.

[0026] In step S2.4, the beam combiner 9 combines and beats the zero-order transmitted light and the filtered first-order diffraction light, that is, each spectral component in the filtered first-order diffraction light is beat with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component and obtaining a detection light beam after radio frequency tagging.

[0027] Step S3, the sample axial excitation detection unit includes an objective lens 13 and a single-pixel detector 15, and the objective lens 13 adopts a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each modulated spectral component in the detection light beam after radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths of the sample axis, thereby simultaneously exciting different depths of the sample to generate signal lights respectively; the signal lights generated at each depth are detected simultaneously by the single-pixel detector 15 at a single time; wherein: since each modulated spectral component has a different modulation frequency, each signal light generated by the excited sample also has a different modulation frequency, therefore, the single-pixel detector 15 recognizes each signal light in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each signal light.

[0028] Step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S3.1, the detection light beam after radio frequency tagging passes through the beam splitter 10, and then is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer 11 and the second scanning galvanometer 12 in sequence, and then transmitted to the objective lens 13; The objective lens 13 is a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each modulated spectral component in the detection beam after the radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths in the sample axis, thereby simultaneously exciting different depths of the sample to generate signal light respectively; Step S3.2, the signal light generated at each depth is incident on the objective lens 13, and after being transmitted through the objective lens 13, it is reflected to the second focusing lens 14 through the second scanning galvanometer 12, the first scanning galvanometer 11 and the beam splitter 10 in sequence; it is focused to the single pixel detector 15 through the second focusing lens 14, and the output of the single pixel detector 15 is connected to the data acquisition circuit 16; Since each modulated spectral component has a different modulation frequency, each signal light generated by the excited sample also has a different modulation frequency. Therefore, the single-pixel detector 15 recognizes each signal light in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each signal light, thereby realizing axial single-shot rapid imaging.

[0029] Furthermore, by adjusting the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector 2, the spectral components passing through the aperture 6 are adjusted, and then the focusing depth of each modulated spectral component after passing through the objective lens 13 is adjusted, so as to achieve axial random rapid imaging.

[0030] The radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device and method provided by the present invention have the following advantages: (1) Achieving megahertz-level imaging speed within a millimeter-level axial range The present invention uses a dispersive objective lens to achieve simultaneous axial excitation, and the dispersion range of the objective lens can reach several millimeters. A single pixel detector is used for single measurement and Fourier transform recognition of signals, which can ensure that the signal is not distorted within a microsecond sampling time, and the signal recognition speed can reach the megahertz level. Therefore, the present invention can achieve an imaging speed of the megahertz level within an axial range of the millimeter level.

[0031] (2) Axial random rapid imaging In the present invention, the focus depth of the excitation light after passing through the dispersion objective lens is adjusted by adjusting the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector. Since the driving signal can be randomly changed, the focus depth can be randomly changed, thereby achieving axial random rapid imaging. Example

[0032] The embodiment of the present invention realizes the device as follows Figure 1 As shown, the specific solution includes the following parts: The first part is the radio frequency tag: In the present invention, each wavelength component of the excitation light source is modulated with different frequencies. After modulation, the modulation frequencies of each wavelength component are different in addition to being different in the frequency domain, thereby realizing radio frequency labeling of the excitation light. Figure 1 The detection light emitted by the detection light source 1 is radio frequency labeled by the acousto-optic deflector 2, the first plane total reflection mirror 3, the second plane total reflection mirror 4, the first focusing lens 5, the aperture 6, the spatial filter composed of the collimating lens 7, the third plane total reflection mirror 8 and the beam combiner 9. Among them, the detection light source 1 is an excitation light source, which can be a wide-spectrum detection light source.

[0033] The second part is axial simultaneous excitation: Due to the existence of dispersion of optical materials, it is difficult to focus the wide-spectrum detection light on the same plane. The present invention uses this inherent property to focus different wavelength components to different depths, thereby achieving simultaneous excitation of different depths. Since the modulation frequencies of the wavelength components are different, the modulation frequencies of the signal lights generated are also different, and the generated signal lights can be distinguished according to the modulation frequencies. Figure 1 The objective lens 13 is used to realize simultaneous axial excitation of the sample, and the axial excitation range depends on the dispersion range of the objective lens 13, which can generally reach the millimeter level. Among them, the objective lens 13 is a dispersion objective lens.

[0034] The third part is axial single-shot rapid imaging: Since the signal generated in the present invention is a modulated signal and the modulation frequencies at different depths are different, the signal recognition of the present invention can be achieved through the modulation frequency on a single detection pixel. The present invention uses a single pixel detector 15 to simultaneously measure signals at different depths and performs signal analysis in the modulation frequency domain through Fourier transform. Figure 1 Axial single-shot rapid imaging is achieved through a single-pixel detector 15 and a data acquisition circuit 16.

[0035] The scheme of the present invention to realize axial random rapid imaging is as follows: The wavelength component of the excitation light passing through the aperture 6 is adjusted by adjusting the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector 2, and then the focusing depth of the excitation light after passing through the objective lens 13 is adjusted to achieve axial random rapid imaging. Example

[0036] The present invention can be used to perform rapid axial imaging of layered samples. Figure 2 This is an implementation example diagram of the present invention for imaging a layered sample, wherein L1 and L2 are the first layer and the second layer of the layered sample, respectively, and A is a radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device.

[0037] in: The detection light source 1 adopts a wide-spectrum detection light source, and its output light beam is divided into zero-order transmitted light and first-order diffracted light through the acousto-optic deflector 2, wherein the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light is the same as the direction of the incident light, and each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light has a different angle offset from the direction of the incident light and a frequency shift compared to its corresponding zero-order transmitted light, and the frequency shift amount is equal to the driving frequency of the acousto-optic deflector 2.

[0038] The second plane total reflection mirror 4 reflects the first-order diffraction light to the spatial filter composed of the first focusing lens 5, the aperture 6, and the collimating lens 7, and then only the spectral component of a specific angle passes through the spatial filter.

[0039] The first plane total reflection mirror 3, the third plane total reflection mirror 8, and the beam combiner 9 are used to combine the zero-order transmission light with the first-order diffraction light passing through the spatial filter to beat the frequency and thus realize radio frequency tagging. The radio frequency frequency is the frequency shift between the first-order diffraction light passing through the spatial filter and its corresponding zero-order transmission light. When the drive of the acousto-optic deflector 2 includes multiple frequencies, the first-order diffraction light passing through the spatial filter includes multiple spectral components and the frequency shift of each spectral component relative to its zero-order transmission light is different. When the first-order diffraction light is combined with the zero-order transmission light, each spectral component beats the frequency with its corresponding zero-order transmission light to realize radio frequency tagging of each spectral component.

[0040] The excitation light after radio frequency labeling passes through the beam splitter 10, is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer 11 and the second scanning galvanometer 12, and is focused to the sample by the objective lens 13, wherein each spectral component of the excitation light is focused to different layers of the sample. The sample signal light collected by the objective lens 13 is reflected to the single pixel detector 15 by the second scanning galvanometer 12, the first scanning galvanometer 11 and the beam splitter 10 in turn, and the output of the single pixel detector 15 is connected to the data acquisition circuit 16. Since the radio frequency labeling frequencies of each spectral component of the excitation light are different, the radio frequency frequencies of the sample signal light excited at each depth in the sample are also different. In the single pixel detector 15, each sample signal light can be distinguished according to the radio frequency frequency, thereby realizing radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device, characterized in that: include: A detection light source (1), a radio frequency tag unit and a sample axial excitation detection unit; The detection light source (1) is used to emit a detection light beam, and the detection light beam is a wide-spectrum detection light beam; The radio frequency tagging unit is used to modulate each spectral component in the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source (1) at different frequencies, so that each modulated spectral component has a different frequency domain and modulation frequency, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component in the detection light beam, thereby obtaining a detection light beam after radio frequency tagging; The sample axial excitation detection unit comprises an objective lens (13) and a single-pixel detector (15), wherein the objective lens (13) is a dispersive objective lens; each of the modulated spectral components in the detection light beam after radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths in the sample axis by the dispersive objective lens, thereby simultaneously exciting the sample at different depths to generate signal light; the signal light generated at each depth is detected simultaneously by the single-pixel detector (15); wherein: since each of the modulated spectral components has a different modulation frequency, each of the signal lights generated by the sample when it is excited also has a different modulation frequency, and therefore, the single-pixel detector (15) recognizes each of the signal lights in the modulation frequency domain by the modulation frequency of each of the signal lights.

2. The radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency tag unit comprises an acousto-optic deflector (2), a first plane total reflection mirror (3), a second plane total reflection mirror (4), a spatial filter, a third plane total reflection mirror (8) and a beam combiner (9); The acousto-optic deflector (2) is located on the detection light beam transmission path of the detection light source (1); The acousto-optic deflector (2) outputs first-order diffracted light and zero-order transmitted light; the second plane total reflection mirror (4) is arranged on the transmission path of the first-order diffracted light of the acousto-optic deflector (2); Arranging the first plane total reflection mirror (3) on the zero-order transmission light transmission path of the acousto-optic deflector (2); The spatial filter is arranged on the reflection path of the second plane total reflection mirror (4); and the third plane total reflection mirror (8) is arranged on the output light beam transmission path of the spatial filter; The beam combiner (9) is arranged at a position where a reflection path of the first planar total reflection mirror (3) and a reflection path of the third planar total reflection mirror (8) intersect.

3. The radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spatial filter comprises a first focusing lens (5), a diaphragm (6) and a collimating lens (7) which are arranged in sequence along the light path transmission direction.

4. The radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sample axial excitation detection unit further comprises a beam splitter (10), a first scanning galvanometer (11), and a second scanning galvanometer (12); The beam splitter (10) is arranged on the output light beam transmission path of the beam combiner (9); the first scanning galvanometer (11) is arranged on the transmission path of the beam splitter (10), the second scanning galvanometer (12) is arranged on the reflection path of the first scanning galvanometer (11), and the objective lens (13) is arranged on the reflection path of the second scanning galvanometer (12); and the single pixel detector (15) is arranged on the reflection path of the beam splitter (10).

5. The radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sample axial excitation detection unit further comprises a second focusing lens (14) and a data acquisition circuit (16); the second focusing lens (14) is arranged in a path between the single pixel detector (15) and the beam splitter (10), and the single pixel detector (15) is located at a focusing focal plane position of the second focusing lens (14); an output end of the single pixel detector (15) is connected to the data acquisition circuit (16).

6. An imaging method of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, a detection light source (1) emits a detection light beam and transmits it to a radio frequency tag unit; wherein the detection light beam is a wide-spectrum detection light beam; Step S2, the radio frequency tagging unit modulates each spectral component in the detection light beam with different frequencies, so that each modulated spectral component has a different frequency domain and modulation frequency, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component in the detection light beam, thereby obtaining a detection light beam after radio frequency tagging, and transmitting it to the sample axial excitation detection unit; Step S3, the sample axial excitation detection unit comprises an objective lens (13) and a single pixel detector (15), wherein the objective lens (13) is a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each of the modulated spectral components in the detection light beam after the radio frequency tag is focused to different depths in the sample axis, thereby simultaneously exciting the sample at different depths to generate signal light; the signal light generated at each depth is detected simultaneously by the single pixel detector (15); wherein: since each of the modulated spectral components has a different modulation frequency, each of the signal lights generated by the sample when it is excited also has a different modulation frequency, and therefore, the single pixel detector (15) recognizes each of the signal lights in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each of the signal lights.

7. The imaging method of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S2.1, the radio frequency tag unit comprises an acousto-optic deflector (2), a first plane total reflection mirror (3), a second plane total reflection mirror (4), a spatial filter, a third plane total reflection mirror (8) and a beam combiner (9); Step S2.2, after the detection light beam emitted by the detection light source (1) is acted upon by the acousto-optic deflector (2), a zero-order transmitted light and a first-order diffracted light are output; wherein: the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light is the same as the direction of the incident light incident on the acousto-optic deflector (2); each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light is offset from the direction of the incident light at different angles and has a frequency shift with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, and the frequency shift is equal to the driving frequency of the acousto-optic deflector (2); By controlling the acousto-optic deflector (2) to load driving signals of multiple frequencies, first-order diffraction light containing multiple spectral components and each spectral component having a different frequency shift relative to its zero-order transmitted light is obtained; specifically, for each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, multiple spectral components in the first-order diffraction light with different frequency shifts can correspond; Step S2.3, after the first-order diffraction light is reflected by the second plane total reflection mirror (4), it is filtered by the spatial filter, so that the spectral component that meets the specific angle passes through the spatial filter, and the spatial filter transmits the filtered first-order diffraction light; after the filtered first-order diffraction light is reflected by the third plane total reflection mirror (8), it is incident on the beam combiner (9); The zero-order transmitted light is reflected by the first plane total reflection mirror (3) and then incident on the beam combiner (9); In step S2.4, the beam combiner (9) performs beam combining and beating on the zero-order transmitted light and the filtered first-order diffraction light, that is, each spectral component in the filtered first-order diffraction light is beat with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light, thereby achieving radio frequency tagging of each spectral component and obtaining a radio frequency tagged detection light beam.

8. The imaging method of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spatial filter comprises a first focusing lens (5), an aperture (6) and a collimating lens (7); the spatial filter performs a filtering operation, specifically: The first-order diffracted light reflected by the second plane total reflection mirror (4) is focused onto the aperture (6) through the first focusing lens (5); the aperture (6) limits the transmission of spectral components that meet only a specific angle; and each spectral component that passes through the aperture (6) passes through the collimating lens (7) and is incident on the third plane total reflection mirror (8).

9. The imaging method of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S3.1, the detection light beam after the radio frequency tag passes through the beam splitter (10), and then is reflected by the first scanning galvanometer (11) and the second scanning galvanometer (12) in sequence, and then transmitted to the objective lens (13); The objective lens (13) is a dispersive objective lens; through the dispersive objective lens, each modulated spectral component in the detection light beam after the radio frequency labeling is focused to different depths in the axial direction of the sample, thereby simultaneously exciting different depths of the sample to generate signal light respectively; Step S3.2, the signal light generated at each depth is incident on the objective lens (13), is transmitted through the objective lens (13), and then sequentially passes through the second scanning galvanometer (12), the first scanning galvanometer (11) and the beam splitter (10) to be reflected to the second focusing lens (14); the signal light is focused to the single pixel detector (15) through the second focusing lens (14), and the output of the single pixel detector (15) is connected to the data acquisition circuit (16); Since each modulated spectral component has a different modulation frequency, each signal light generated by exciting the sample also has a different modulation frequency. Therefore, the single-pixel detector (15) recognizes each signal light in the modulation frequency domain through the modulation frequency of each signal light, thereby achieving axial single-shot rapid imaging.

10. The imaging method of the radio frequency labeling axial single-shot rapid imaging device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The axial single-shot rapid imaging further comprises: By adjusting the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector (2), the spectral components passing through the aperture (6) are adjusted, and then the focusing depth of each modulated spectral component after passing through the objective lens (13) is adjusted, thereby achieving axial random rapid imaging.

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