A test device and method for the influence of ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in tunnel

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a test device for the influence of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, comprising a base model and a tunnel model fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model, two symmetrically distributed ditches located in the tunnel model are opened on the upper surface of the base model, a storage box is arranged in the ditch, four vertical plates symmetrically distributed in pairs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box, and a circular shaft is rotatably connected between two adjacent vertical plates on the left and right, and movable rollers are sleeved on both ends of the two circular shafts, a track for the movable rollers is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model, two symmetrically distributed nozzles and a feeding mechanism are arranged on the front side of the storage box, two cleaning brushes and an adjustment mechanism are arranged on the front side of the storage box, the outer wall of the tunnel model is covered with a partitioned temperature control panel, a support rod located in the tunnel model is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a test device and method for testing the influence of a ditch heat insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Among the railway tunnels built and under construction in my country, those located in plateau regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in western China present the greatest construction challenges. Due to intense plate tectonic activity and complex geological conditions in these areas, underground hot water is widely distributed. Some tunnels, affected by deep burial depth and hydrothermal faults, experience significant high temperatures in the surrounding rock due to heat transfer from deep heat sources or high-temperature faults. These tunnels are classified primarily as high-rock-temperature tunnels and high-water-temperature tunnels. The seepage and accumulation of underground hot water within fractured rock mass can lead to tunnels encountering abnormally high geothermal zones. Furthermore, when underground hot water seeps into the tunnel environment, it rapidly evaporates and releases heat, causing the tunnel's temperature and humidity to deteriorate, significantly impacting the operating efficiency of construction machinery and endangering the health of workers. Thermal insulation is a widely used insulation measure in high-geotemperature tunnels. However, this insulation layer is typically laid between the primary support and the secondary lining, failing to effectively block the evaporation and heat release of the high-temperature hot water as it seeps into the drainage ditch. The ditch cover can block the direct impact of hot water evaporation on the tunnel environment, but the hot water will indirectly transfer heat to the tunnel environment through the ditch sidewall concrete in the form of heat conduction, causing the temperature inside the tunnel to rise. How to simulate the abnormally high geothermal section caused by the seepage of underground hot water in the fractured rock mass, and effectively hinder the heat conduction of the ditch sidewall concrete, thereby reducing the heat transfer of hot water to the tunnel environment, is a key problem that needs to be solved urgently during the operation period of high-temperature tunnels. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for the influence of the ditch insulation layer on the evolution of temperature and humidity in the tunnel, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem raised in the above background technology about the influence of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel, the present invention provides a test device and method for the influence of the ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in the tunnel.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a test device for the influence of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, comprising a base model and a tunnel model fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base model, wherein the upper surface of the base model is provided with two symmetrically distributed ditches located in the tunnel model, a storage box is arranged in the ditch, the upper surface of the storage box is fixedly connected with four symmetrically distributed vertical plates, and a circular shaft is rotatably connected between two adjacent vertical plates on the left and right, and both ends of the two circular shafts are sleeved with movable rollers, a track for the movable rollers is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base model, two symmetrically distributed nozzles and a feeding mechanism for driving the nozzles to move up and down are arranged on the front side of the storage box, two symmetrically distributed cleaning brushes and an adjustment mechanism for driving the cleaning brushes to move in the horizontal direction are arranged on the front side of the storage box, the outer wall of the tunnel model is covered with a partitioned temperature control panel, a support rod located in the tunnel model is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support rod.

[0005] Preferably, the loading mechanism includes a horizontal plate fixed on the front surface of the storage box, the lower surface of the horizontal plate is rotatably connected to a first cylindrical cam, the surface of the first cylindrical cam is sleeved with a first movable sleeve, the first movable sleeve is fixedly connected to a first slider adapted to the groove on the surface of the first cylindrical cam, and the lower surface of the horizontal plate is vertically fixed with a limiting rod that passes through the first movable sleeve and allows the first movable sleeve to slide up and down.

[0006] Preferably, a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to one side of the first movable sleeve, and rectangular sleeves are integrally fixed on both the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame. Two rectangular tubes distributed front and back pass through the two rectangular sleeves, and the rectangular tubes are slidably connected in the rectangular sleeves.

[0007] Preferably, the two nozzles are fixed on two rectangular tubes respectively, and circular tubes communicating with the interiors of the two rectangular tubes are fixed on the surfaces of the two rectangular tubes, and hoses are fixedly installed between the two circular tubes and the storage box.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a gear 1 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the transverse plate and fixed coaxially with the first cylindrical cam, and an annular shaft rotatably connected to the upper surface of the transverse plate, on which a gear 2 meshing with the gear 1 is sleeved.

[0009] Preferably, the horizontal plate is rotatably connected to a ratchet located in the annular shaft, a support seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular shaft, a ratchet is rotatably connected to the support seat, the ratchet is engaged with the ratchet, a spring is fixedly connected to the ratchet, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a first bevel gear coaxially fixed with the ratchet is rotatably connected below the transverse plate, two symmetrically distributed supporting plates are vertically fixed to the surface of the storage box, and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates.

[0011] Preferably, the two opposite sides of the two supporting plates are rotatably connected to a second cylindrical cam coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear, the two second cylindrical cams are symmetrically distributed, and the two second cylindrical cams are each provided with a second movable sleeve, and a second slider adapted to the surface groove of the second cylindrical cam is integrated and fixed in the second movable sleeve, and the surface of the second movable sleeve is fixedly connected to round rod 1, and the cleaning brush is fixed to the free end of round rod 1, and the surfaces of the two supporting plates are fixedly connected to two cross bars distributed up and down, and the round rod 1 is slidably connected between the two cross bars distributed up and down.

[0012] Preferably, the second movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the round rod 2 on the side away from the round rod 1, the free end of the round rod 2 is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame, and the opposite ends of the two rectangular tubes extend into the two rectangular frames respectively and are connected to the rectangular frames in an up and down sliding manner.

[0013] A method for using a test device for the effect of a ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Open and adjust the zoned temperature control panel to simulate the abnormally high geothermal area caused by high rock temperature and underground hot water seepage, and restore the temperature field distribution of the actual tunnel;

[0015] S2. Introduce high-temperature hot water at the foundation model and the tunnel face to simulate underground hot water seepage. Turn on the temperature and humidity sensors to monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel without the inner wall insulation layer of the ditch.

[0016] S3. Stop introducing high-temperature hot water into the tunnel face. After the hot water has completely flowed out of the ditch, start the motor to drive gear 1 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the two cleaning brushes to move in opposite directions, so that the cleaning brushes are in contact with the inner wall of the ditch. Then, the cleaning brushes follow the storage box and move along the ditch to clean the inner wall of the ditch.

[0017] S4. The thermal insulation coating is loaded into the storage box, and the driving gear rotates forward, driving the spray head to move up and down, spraying the thermal insulation coating on the inner wall of the ditch;

[0018] S5. Finally, monitor the evolution of temperature and humidity field inside the tunnel behind the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of the ditch.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] By setting a track, the storage box can be moved along the ditch with the thermal insulation coating loaded therein, and the nozzle moves along the ditch following the storage box;

[0021] By setting up a feeding mechanism, the nozzle can be driven to move up and down to spray the thermal insulation coating in the storage box into the ditch;

[0022] By setting up an adjustment mechanism, the two cleaning brushes can be driven to move in opposite directions until they are in contact with the inner wall of the ditch. When the cleaning brushes move along the ditch with the storage box, the inner wall of the ditch can be cleaned;

[0023] The adjustment mechanism can also drive the two nozzles to move horizontally to adjust the distance between the nozzles and the inner wall of the ditch;

[0024] The closer the distance between the nozzle and the inner wall of the ditch, the thicker the coating sprayed on the ditch; the farther the distance between the nozzle and the inner wall of the ditch, the thinner the coating sprayed on the ditch;

[0025] The storage box can not only be loaded with thermal insulation paint, but also with cleaning liquid, which is sprayed onto the inner wall of the ditch by the nozzle and cleaned with the cleaning brush. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the location of the nozzle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the location of the cleaning brush of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the location of the rectangular sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the position of the gear 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at E in the middle;

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point D in the middle.

[0036] In the figure: 11. Base model; 12. Tunnel model; 21. Partition temperature control board; 22. Support rod; 23. Temperature and humidity sensor; 3. Ditch; 41. Storage box; 42. Vertical plate; 43. Circular shaft; 44. Moving roller; 45. Track; 5. Nozzle; 61. Horizontal plate; 62. First cylindrical cam; 63. First movable sleeve; 64. Limit rod; 65. U-shaped frame; 66. Rectangular sleeve; 67. Rectangular tube; 68. Circular tube; 7. Cleaning brush; 81. Gear 1; 82. Annular shaft; 83. Gear 2; 84. Support seat; 85. Ratchet; 86. Spring; 87. Ratchet; 88. First bevel gear; 89. Loading plate; 810. Second bevel gear; 811. Second cylindrical cam; 812. Second movable sleeve; 813. Round rod 1; 814. Horizontal rod; 815. Round rod 2; 816. Rectangular frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a test device for the influence of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, comprising a base model 11 and a tunnel model 12 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base model 11. The upper surface of the base model 11 is provided with two symmetrically distributed ditch 3 located in the tunnel model 12.

[0039] A storage box 41 is provided in the ditch 3, and four vertical plates 42 symmetrically distributed in pairs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box 41, and a circular shaft 43 is rotatably connected between two adjacent vertical plates 42 on the left and right. Both ends of the two circular shafts 43 are sleeved with movable rollers 44, and a track 45 for the movable rollers 44 to move is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model 11.

[0040] By adopting the above solution, the storage box 41 can be moved along the gutter 3 with the heat-insulating coating loaded therein.

[0041] The front side of the storage box 41 is provided with two symmetrically distributed nozzles 5 and a feeding mechanism for driving the nozzles 5 to move up and down;

[0042] By adopting the above solution, the nozzle 5 can follow the storage box 41 and move along the ditch 3; at the same time, the nozzle 5 is driven up and down by the feeding mechanism to spray the thermal insulation coating in the storage box 41 into the ditch 3.

[0043] The front side of the storage box 41 is provided with two symmetrically distributed cleaning brushes 7 and an adjustment mechanism for driving the cleaning brushes 7 to move in the horizontal direction;

[0044] By setting an adjustment mechanism, the two cleaning brushes 7 can be driven to move in opposite directions until they are in contact with the inner wall of the ditch 3. When the cleaning brushes 7 follow the storage box 41 and move along the ditch 3, the inner wall of the ditch 3 can be cleaned.

[0045] The adjustment mechanism can also drive the two nozzles 5 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the distance between the nozzles 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0046] The closer the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3 is, the thicker the coating sprayed on the ditch 3 will be.

[0047] The farther the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3 is, the thinner the coating sprayed on the ditch 3 is.

[0048] During use, the storage box 41 can be loaded with not only thermal insulation paint but also cleaning liquid, which is sprayed onto the inner wall of the ditch 3 by the nozzle 5 and cleaned in conjunction with the cleaning brush 7 .

[0049] The outer wall of the tunnel model 12 is covered with a partitioned temperature control panel 21 , and a support rod 22 located inside the tunnel model 12 is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model 11 , and a temperature and humidity sensor 23 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod 22 .

[0050] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the feeding mechanism includes a horizontal plate 61 fixed on the front surface of the storage box 41, and the lower surface of the horizontal plate 61 is rotatably connected to the first cylindrical cam 62, and the surface of the first cylindrical cam 62 is sleeved with a first movable sleeve 63, and the first movable sleeve 63 is fixedly connected with a first slider adapted to the surface groove of the first cylindrical cam 62, and the lower surface of the horizontal plate 61 is vertically fixed with a limiting rod 64 that passes through the first movable sleeve 63 and allows the first movable sleeve 63 to slide up and down.

[0051] The first cylindrical cam 62 is driven by an external motor.

[0052] By adopting the above solution, the first cylindrical cam 62 can rotate to drive the first movable sleeve 63 to move back and forth in the vertical direction. By setting the limit rod 64, the first movable sleeve 63 can be prevented from rotating with the first cylindrical cam 62, thereby limiting the movement path of the first movable sleeve 63.

[0053] A U-shaped frame 65 is fixedly connected to one side of the first movable sleeve 63, and rectangular sleeves 66 are integrally fixed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame 65. Two rectangular tubes 67 distributed front and back pass through the two rectangular sleeves 66, and the rectangular tubes 67 are slidably connected in the rectangular sleeves 66.

[0054] The two nozzles 5 are fixed on two rectangular tubes 67 respectively, and circular tubes 68 communicating with the interior of the two rectangular tubes 67 are fixed on the surface of the two rectangular tubes 67 , and hoses are fixedly installed between the two circular tubes 68 and the storage box 41 .

[0055] Among them, the hose is not shown in the figure. The above solution can drive the nozzle 5 to move back and forth in the vertical direction without affecting the movement of the nozzle 5 in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3.

[0056] like Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a gear 1 81 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the horizontal plate 61 and coaxially fixed with the first cylindrical cam 62, and an annular shaft 82 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the horizontal plate 61, and a gear 2 83 meshing with the gear 1 81 is sleeved on the annular shaft 82.

[0057] The horizontal plate 61 is rotatably connected to a ratchet 87 located inside the annular shaft 82, and the inner wall of the annular shaft 82 is fixedly connected to a support seat 84. The support seat 84 is rotatably connected to a ratchet 85, and the ratchet 85 is engaged with the ratchet 87. The ratchet 85 is fixedly connected to a spring 86, and the other end of the spring 86 is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shaft 82.

[0058] By adopting the above solution, gear 1 81 can only drive the ratchet 87 to rotate in one direction.

[0059] A first bevel gear 88 coaxially fixed with the ratchet 87 is rotatably connected below the transverse plate 61 , and two symmetrically distributed supporting plates 89 are vertically fixed to the surface of the storage box 41 , and a second bevel gear 810 rotatably connected between the two supporting plates 89 is meshed with the first bevel gear 88 .

[0060] The opposite sides of the two supporting plates 89 are both rotatably connected to the second cylindrical cams 811 coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear 810, the two second cylindrical cams 811 are symmetrically distributed, and the two second cylindrical cams 811 are both sleeved with a second movable sleeve 812, and the second movable sleeve 812 is integrated with a second slider that is adapted to the surface groove of the second cylindrical cam 811. The surface of the second movable sleeve 812 is fixedly connected to a round rod 1 813, and the cleaning brush 7 is fixed to the free end of the round rod 1 813. The surfaces of the two supporting plates 89 are both fixedly connected to two upper and lower distributed cross bars 814, and the round rod 1 813 is slidably connected between the two upper and lower distributed cross bars 814.

[0061] By adopting the above solution, the two second cylindrical cams 811 can only rotate in one direction;

[0062] Furthermore, the rotation of the second cylindrical cam 811 can drive the cleaning brush 7 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction.

[0063] The second movable sleeve 812 is fixedly connected to the second round rod 815 on the side away from the first round rod 813, and the free end of the second round rod 815 is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame 816. The opposite ends of the two rectangular tubes 67 extend into the two rectangular frames 816 respectively and are connected to the rectangular frames 816 in an up and down sliding manner.

[0064] By adopting the above solution, the nozzle 5 can move in the horizontal direction and adjust the distance between itself and the ditch 3.

[0065] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0066] Open and adjust the zoned temperature control panel 21 to simulate the abnormally high geothermal area caused by high rock temperature and underground hot water seepage, and restore the temperature field distribution of the actual tunnel;

[0067] High-temperature hot water was introduced into the faces of the base model 11 and the tunnel model 12 to simulate underground hot water seepage. The temperature and humidity sensors 23 were turned on to monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel without the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of the ditch 3.

[0068] Then, the introduction of high-temperature hot water at the tunnel face is stopped. After the hot water has completely flowed out of the ditch 3, the motor is started to drive the gear 1 81 to rotate in the opposite direction. The gear 1 81 can drive the gear 2 83 meshing with it to rotate accordingly. The gear 2 83 can drive the annular shaft 82 to rotate accordingly. The annular shaft 82 can drive the ratchet 87 to rotate accordingly through the ratchet 85. The ratchet 87 can drive the first bevel gear 88 coaxially fixed thereto to rotate accordingly. The first bevel gear 88 can drive the second bevel gear 810 meshing with it to rotate accordingly. The second bevel gear 810 can drive two second cylindrical cams 811 coaxially fixed thereto and symmetrically distributed therewith to rotate accordingly. The second cylindrical cam 811 can drive the second movable sleeve 812 to move in the horizontal direction, so that the two second movable sleeves 812 move in opposite directions. The second movable sleeve 812 can drive the cleaning brush 7 to move accordingly through the round rod 1 813, so that the two cleaning brushes 7 move in opposite directions, so that the cleaning brush 7 and the inner wall of the ditch 3 are in a state of mutual contact.

[0069] Then the cleaning brush 7 follows the storage box 41 and moves along the ditch 3 to clean the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0070] When the cleaning brush 7 is performing a cleaning operation, the storage box 41 is filled with cleaning liquid, which is sprayed onto the ditch 3 through the spray head 5 , thereby improving the cleaning effect of the ditch 3 .

[0071] After cleaning is completed, the second cylindrical cam 811 is driven to rotate, causing the two second movable sleeves 812 to move in opposite directions. The second movable sleeves 812 drive the cleaning brushes 7 through the round rod 1 813, thereby causing the two cleaning brushes 7 to move in opposite directions and away from the inner wall of the gutter 3.

[0072] At the same time, when the second movable sleeve 812 moves in the horizontal direction, it can drive the rectangular frame 816 to move in the horizontal direction through the second round rod 815. The rectangular frame 816 can drive the rectangular tube 67 slidably connected thereto to move accordingly. The rectangular tube 67 can drive the nozzle 5 installed at one end thereof to move accordingly, thereby adjusting the distance between the nozzle 5 and the inner wall of the ditch 3.

[0073] After the distance between the nozzle 5 and the ditch 3 is adjusted, and the thermal insulation coating is loaded into the storage box 41, the driving gear 1 81 rotates forward. At this time, the second cylindrical cam 811 cannot rotate, and the gear 1 81 can drive the first cylindrical cam 62 fixed coaxially therewith to rotate accordingly. The first cylindrical cam 62 can drive the first movable sleeve 63 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The first movable sleeve 63 can drive the rectangular tube 67 to reciprocate up and down through the U-shaped frame 65 and the rectangular sleeve 66. The rectangular tube 67 can drive the nozzle 5 to reciprocate up and down, spraying the thermal insulation coating on the inner wall of the ditch 3;

[0074] Finally, the evolution of temperature and humidity field inside the tunnel behind the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of ditch 3 was monitored.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0076] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test device for the effect of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, characterized by: It comprises a base model (11), and a tunnel model (12) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base model (11), wherein the upper surface of the base model (11) is provided with two water ditches (3) located in the tunnel model (12) and symmetrically distributed; A storage box (41) is provided in the ditch (3), and four vertical plates (42) symmetrically distributed in pairs are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the storage box (41), and a circular shaft (43) is rotatably connected between two adjacent vertical plates (42) on the left and right. Both ends of the two circular shafts (43) are sleeved with moving rollers (44), and a track (45) for the moving rollers (44) to move is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base model (11); The front side of the storage box (41) is provided with two symmetrically distributed nozzles (5), and a feeding mechanism for driving the nozzles (5) to move up and down; The front side of the storage box (41) is provided with two symmetrically distributed cleaning brushes (7), and an adjustment mechanism for driving the cleaning brushes (7) to move in a horizontal direction; The outer wall of the tunnel model (12) is covered with a partitioned temperature control plate (21); a support rod (22) located inside the tunnel model (12) is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base model (11); a temperature and humidity sensor (23) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod (22); The feeding mechanism comprises a transverse plate (61) fixed to the front surface of the storage box (41), a first cylindrical cam (62) being rotatably connected to the lower surface of the transverse plate (61), a first movable sleeve (63) being sleeved on the surface of the first cylindrical cam (62), a first sliding block adapted to the groove on the surface of the first cylindrical cam (62) being fixedly connected in the first movable sleeve (63), and a limiting rod (64) passing through the first movable sleeve (63) and allowing the first movable sleeve (63) to slide up and down being vertically fixed to the lower surface of the transverse plate (61); One side of the first movable sleeve (63) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame (65), and rectangular sleeves (66) are integrally fixed to the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame (65). Two rectangular tubes (67) distributed front and back are passed through the two rectangular sleeves (66), and the rectangular tubes (67) are slidably connected in the rectangular sleeves (66); The two nozzles (5) are respectively fixed on two rectangular tubes (67), and circular tubes (68) communicating with the interior of the two rectangular tubes (67) are fixed on the surface of the two rectangular tubes (67), and hoses are fixedly installed between the two circular tubes (68) and the storage box (41).

2. The test device for the effect of ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism comprises a gear 1 (81) rotatably connected to the upper surface of the transverse plate (61) and coaxially fixed with the first cylindrical cam (62), and an annular shaft (82) rotatably connected to the upper surface of the transverse plate (61), wherein a gear 2 (83) meshing with the gear 1 (81) is sleeved on the annular shaft (82).

3. The test device for the effect of ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal plate (61) is rotatably connected to a ratchet (87) located in the annular shaft (82), and a support seat (84) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular shaft (82). The support seat (84) is rotatably connected to a ratchet (85), and the ratchet (85) is engaged with the ratchet (87). The ratchet (85) is fixedly connected to a spring (86), and the other end of the spring (86) is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shaft (82).

4. The test device for the effect of ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first bevel gear (88) coaxially fixed with the ratchet (87) is rotatably connected below the transverse plate (61). Two symmetrically distributed supporting plates (89) are vertically fixed to the surface of the storage box (41). A second bevel gear (810) meshing with the first bevel gear (88) is rotatably connected between the two supporting plates (89).

5. The test device for the effect of ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two opposite sides of the two supporting plates (89) are rotatably connected to a second cylindrical cam (811) coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear (810), the two second cylindrical cams (811) are symmetrically distributed, and the two second cylindrical cams (811) are sleeved with a second movable sleeve (812), the second movable sleeve (812) is integrally fixed with a second slider adapted to the surface groove of the second cylindrical cam (811), the surface of the second movable sleeve (812) is fixedly connected to a round rod (813), the cleaning brush (7) is fixed to the free end of the round rod (813), the surfaces of the two supporting plates (89) are fixedly connected to two upper and lower distributed cross bars (814), and the round rod (813) is slidably connected between the two upper and lower distributed cross bars (814).

6. The test device for the effect of a ditch insulation layer on temperature and humidity in a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second movable sleeve (812) is fixedly connected to the second round rod (815) on the side away from the first round rod (813), and the free end of the second round rod (815) is fixedly connected to the rectangular frame (816). The opposite ends of the two rectangular tubes (67) extend into the two rectangular frames (816) respectively and are connected to the rectangular frames (816) in an upward and downward sliding manner.

7. A method for testing the effect of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel, using the test device for testing the effect of a ditch insulation layer on the temperature and humidity in a tunnel as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, open and adjust the zone temperature control panel (21), simulate the abnormally high geothermal area caused by high rock temperature and underground hot water seepage, and restore the temperature field distribution of the actual tunnel; S2. Introduce high-temperature hot water at the faces of the base model (11) and the tunnel model (12) to simulate underground hot water seepage, and turn on the temperature and humidity sensor (23) to monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field in the tunnel without the inner wall insulation layer of the ditch (3); S3, stop introducing high-temperature hot water at the face, wait until the hot water completely flows out of the ditch (3), start the motor to drive the gear 1 (81) to rotate in the opposite direction, drive the two cleaning brushes (7) to move in opposite directions, so that the cleaning brushes (7) and the inner wall of the ditch (3) are in a state of mutual contact, and then the cleaning brushes (7) follow the storage box (41) and move along the ditch (3) to clean the inner wall of the ditch (3); S4, the thermal insulation coating is loaded into the storage box (41), and the driving gear 1 (81) rotates in the forward direction, driving the spray head (5) to move up and down, spraying the thermal insulation coating on the inner wall of the ditch (3); S5. Finally, monitor the evolution of the temperature and humidity field inside the tunnel behind the thermal insulation layer on the inner wall of the ditch (3).

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