A cavitation monitoring and suppression device and method for polytetrafluoroethylene materials

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cavitation erosion monitoring and inhibition device and method for polytetrafluoroethylene material.Cavitation erosion monitoring and inhibition device includes at least one set of positive and negative electrode conductive patch installed in polytetrafluoroethylene material, and voltage measuring device and power supply;When positive and negative electrode conductive patch is electrically connected with voltage measuring device, for the cavitation erosion monitoring of target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material according to voltage signal;When positive and negative electrode conductive patch is electrically connected with power supply, for the cavitation erosion inhibition of target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material.The application provides a kind of simple and efficient solution for the cavitation erosion monitoring and inhibition of the overcurrent surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cavitation experimental technology in fluid mechanics, specifically to a device and method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials during cavitation. Background Technology

[0002] Cavitation is the phenomenon where bubbles form and rapidly collapse when the static pressure at a certain point in a liquid is lower than the saturated vapor pressure at that temperature. The instant the bubbles collapse, they release extremely high pressure and temperature, generating shock waves and microjets that damage the material surface—a phenomenon known as cavitation erosion. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), as a crucial flow surface for ultra-clean fluid control components, faces surface cavitation erosion during service, leading to surface defects and secondary contamination caused by cavitation particles. Traditional cavitation erosion monitoring methods primarily rely on acoustic, optical, and pressure sensors, which suffer from insufficient sensitivity and poor real-time performance. Research on real-time monitoring and suppression of PTFE surface cavitation erosion is still in its early stages.

[0003] Recent studies have shown that due to the extremely high pressure and electric field at the moment of cavitation bubble collapse, PTFE undergoes charge changes during cavitation erosion, ultimately giving PTFE, which is originally an insulating material, certain piezoelectric properties. The basic principle of piezoelectric materials is that when subjected to external force, the electric dipoles inside the material shift, resulting in charge accumulation on the surface. To facilitate charge measurement, conductive sheets (such as metal electrodes) are usually attached to both sides of the piezoelectric material (usually a thin film) to collect the charge generated on the material surface and measure the voltage difference between the two electrodes. Existing technology for PTFE piezoelectric measurement is also based on measuring the voltage difference between the two electrodes. However, this method is not applicable to this patent. The use of PTFE for monitoring cavitation erosion is an emerging method derived from its role as a flow-through surface. In the liquid supply system, only PTFE should be in contact with the liquid; it is not possible to attach electrode sheets inside the pipe.

[0004] Publication No. CN112729836A discloses a cavitation initiation state discrimination system based on acoustic emission and vibration sensing. Its basic principle is based on the measurement methods that consider multiple factors such as high-frequency noise signals and vibration signals generated during cavitation, plus water pressure pulsation. The relevant signals corresponding to cavitation are identified through signal data processing technology. Publication No. CN111220702A discloses a method for monitoring and evaluating cavitation in water turbines. Ultrasonic signals and noise signals are monitored by ultrasonic sensors and vibration acceleration sensors. The signals are processed to obtain relevant criteria for cavitation and evaluation indicators of cavitation intensity.

[0005] These methods require the collection of multiple signals and pre-training with a large amount of sensor data in order to achieve the judgment and assessment of cavitation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems mentioned in the technical background, this invention provides a device and method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials. Based on the changes in the microscopic electrical signals of PTFE materials after cavitation erosion, this invention captures the changes and accumulation of voltage signals during cavitation erosion through built-in electrodes, enabling real-time monitoring of cavitation erosion. Simultaneously, when a reverse voltage is applied, the device can suppress cavitation erosion losses to a certain extent. This provides a simple and effective means for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in PTFE materials.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0008] I. A device for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials

[0009] The cavitation monitoring and suppression device includes at least one set of positive and negative conductive patches, as well as a voltage measuring device and a power supply; each set of positive and negative conductive patches is installed in polytetrafluoroethylene material, and each set of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the voltage measuring device or to the power supply.

[0010] When each group of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the voltage measuring device, the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is used to monitor the cavitation of the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0011] When each group of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the power supply, the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is used to suppress cavitation on the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0012] Specifically, each group of positive and negative conductive patches is arranged 0.1–5 mm below the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material; each group of positive and negative conductive patches includes positive and negative conductive patches arranged at intervals, and the area of ​​each positive and negative conductive patch is 1 cm². 2 Within.

[0013] Specifically, the positive and negative conductive patches are embedded in polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0014] Specifically, the positive and negative conductive patches are embedded in pre-drilled mounting grooves, and then fixed and sealed before being embedded in polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0015] Specifically, when the cavitation monitoring and suppression device performs cavitation monitoring, it obtains the cavitation monitoring result based on the voltage signal collected by the voltage measuring device; the voltage signal is the voltage between the positive and negative conductive patches in a set of positive and negative conductive patches. The voltage signal includes real-time voltage changes and cumulative voltage changes.

[0016] The real-time voltage change is the voltage difference between adjacent acquisition times. If the real-time voltage at the current time is less than the real-time voltage at the previous time, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage change is greater than a preset threshold, then cavitation occurs on the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material; otherwise, no cavitation occurs. The cumulative voltage change is the voltage difference between the real-time voltage and the initial voltage, and the cumulative voltage change is positively correlated with the degree of cavitation erosion.

[0017] The output voltage of the power supply is 1 to 15V (this range is applicable to the power supply voltage of various electronic devices, and has been experimentally verified to have a cavitation suppression effect).

[0018] Furthermore, the polytetrafluoroethylene material includes polytetrafluoroethylene parts, polytetrafluoroethylene blocks, and polytetrafluoroethylene films.

[0019] Furthermore, both the positive and negative conductive patches are made of conductive copper foil tape.

[0020] II. A method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene materials

[0021] The method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion includes the following steps:

[0022] The process of using the cavitation monitoring and suppression device to monitor the cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene material is as follows: the positive and negative conductive patches in each group of positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the voltage measuring device, respectively. The voltage measuring device is used to collect voltage signals in real time, and the cavitation erosion of the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material is monitored based on the voltage signals.

[0023] The process of suppressing cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene material using the aforementioned cavitation monitoring and suppression device is as follows: the positive and negative conductive patches in each group of positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively, and cavitation erosion is suppressed on the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material through each group of positive and negative conductive patches.

[0024] The cavitation monitoring and suppression method further includes the following steps:

[0025] The polytetrafluoroethylene material equipped with the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is fixed in an ultrapure water tank, with the probe of the cavitation generator facing the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material. Ultrapure water is added to the ultrapure water tank, the cavitation generator is turned on, and cavitation monitoring or cavitation suppression begins.

[0026] The process of monitoring cavitation erosion on the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material based on voltage signals is as follows:

[0027] Cavitation is determined in real time based on the real-time voltage change: if the real-time voltage change is greater than a preset threshold (the monitoring multimeter used is set to 2V, with an accuracy of ±(0.5%+1), i.e., a maximum error of ±0.002; the threshold involved in this patent is set to one times the maximum measurement error), then cavitation has occurred on the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material; otherwise, no cavitation has occurred. The real-time voltage change is the voltage difference between adjacent acquisition times.

[0028] The degree of cavitation is determined by the cumulative voltage change: the cumulative voltage change is positively correlated with the degree of cavitation; the cumulative voltage change is the voltage difference between the real-time voltage and the initial voltage.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] 1. The device of this invention attaches electrode sheets to the same side inside the PTFE material. Utilizing the uneven stress on the piezoelectric material caused by cavitation and the differences in charge accumulation and distribution on the same side, it captures the voltage signal changes of the PTFE material during cavitation and the cumulative changes in the voltage signal after cavitation, achieving real-time cavitation monitoring and directly obtaining cavitation monitoring results. This invention makes it possible to measure electrical signals using electrode sheets attached to the same side, but its voltage effect differs from the traditional two-sided electrode structure; the voltage signal is relatively weaker compared to the two-sided electrode structure.

[0031] 2. The device of the present invention can effectively suppress the cavitation loss of the polytetrafluoroethylene material surface under DC voltage, and extend the service life of the polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0032] 3. The method of the present invention provides a simple and efficient solution that can realize the monitoring and suppression of cavitation on the flow surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material without the need for pre-collection of a large amount of data and pre-training.

[0033] 4. In the device of the present invention, the electrode patch does not need to be in contact with the fluid to realize the monitoring and suppression of cavitation on the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion of the cavitation monitoring and suppression device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the cavitation monitoring and suppression method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a physical image illustrating the cavitation suppression effect in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a physical image of PTFE subjected to conventional cavitation damage in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a physical diagram illustrating the implementation of the cavitation monitoring and suppression method in this embodiment of the invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the results of cavitation monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] The principle of this invention is as follows: During the cavitation process on the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), due to the extremely high pressure and electric field at the moment of cavitation bubble collapse, the PTFE surface will generate permanent structural defects when subjected to cavitation erosion. The charge generated by the electric field will be stored in the defect structure to form an electret state, ultimately giving PTFE, which originally has insulating properties, certain piezoelectric characteristics. The device of this invention collects electrical signals in real time through positive and negative conductive patches and observes voltage changes during the occurrence and action of cavitation bubbles for real-time monitoring. As the cavitation process continues, charge accumulates, causing the voltage difference between the two electrode plates to gradually increase. Due to the ionization of water and the desorption of cations, the gas-liquid interface often exhibits a negative charge. The device of this invention applies an external electric field above the PTFE material surface to be suppressed through positive and negative conductive patches, which can hinder the approach of cavitation bubbles, reduce the impact of bubble collapse on the sample surface, and thus suppress cavitation damage to a certain extent.

[0042] The first aspect of this invention provides a cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials. The cavitation monitoring and suppression device includes at least one set of positive and negative conductive patches installed in the PTFE material, a voltage measuring device, and a power supply. Each set of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the voltage measuring device or to the power supply.

[0043] When each set of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the voltage measuring device, the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is used to monitor the cavitation of the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material based on the voltage signal. The voltage signal includes real-time voltage change and cumulative voltage change. The real-time voltage change is the voltage difference between adjacent acquisition times. If the real-time voltage at the current time is less than the real-time voltage at the previous time, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage change is greater than a preset threshold (in this embodiment, the monitoring multimeter is set to the 2V range, with an accuracy of ±(0.5%+1), i.e., a maximum error of ±0.002; the threshold in this embodiment is set to one times the maximum measurement error), then cavitation has occurred on the target surface of the PTFE material at the current time; otherwise, no cavitation has occurred. The cumulative voltage change is the voltage difference between the real-time voltage and the initial voltage. The cumulative voltage change is positively correlated with the degree of cavitation; the greater the cumulative voltage change, the greater the degree of cavitation and the more cavitation cycles.

[0044] When each set of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the power supply, the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is used to suppress cavitation erosion on the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material. During the cavitation erosion suppression process, the output voltage of the power supply is preferably 0.1 to 15V.

[0045] Specifically, the target surface refers to the surface that needs to be monitored or suppressed for cavitation erosion. In practice, the target surface of PTFE material is usually a flow-through surface, meaning that the target surface is in direct contact with the fluid and the fluid flows through the surface to be monitored / suppressed. For example, in pipelines or valves made of PTFE material, if air bubbles in the internal liquid burst near the pipe wall, they will damage the pipe wall. In this case, the inner wall surface of the pipeline or valve is the target surface. This invention enables the monitoring and suppression of cavitation erosion in the pipe wall by installing electrode plates on the inner layer of the PTFE pipeline wall.

[0046] Specifically, each group of positive and negative conductive patches is positioned 0.1–5 mm below the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material. Each group of positive and negative conductive patches includes spaced-apart positive and negative conductive patches, which are completely isolated from each other using an insulating structure. The positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of a voltage measuring device or power supply via wires, respectively. The area of ​​each positive and negative conductive patch is approximately 1 cm². 2 Within this range, to ensure the sensitivity of the patch and the effectiveness of signal collection and transmission.

[0047] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the installation of positive and negative conductive patches in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material specifically refers to: the positive and negative conductive patches being pre-embedded in the PTFE material. Specifically, if the thickness of the PTFE material is less than 5 mm, the positive and negative conductive patches are installed on the opposite side of the target surface. If the thickness of the PTFE material is greater than 5 mm, the positive and negative conductive patches can be embedded in a pre-drilled mounting groove 0.1–5 mm below the target surface of the PTFE material, and then pre-embedded in the PTFE material after fixing and sealing.

[0048] Optionally, the positive and negative conductive patches are pre-embedded in the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material through the following process: First, the PTFE material is treated to create a 1mm thick mounting groove below the target surface. A pair of positive and negative conductive patches are then attached to the inner wall of the mounting groove on the side closest to the target surface, spaced apart, and each connected to an external device via a wire. Next, the mounting groove is filled with liquid insulating tape, ensuring the remaining space is completely filled. The area is then left to cure completely. Finally, a waterproof coating is applied to the outer seams of the mounting groove.

[0049] Optionally, both the positive and negative conductive patches are made of conductive copper foil tape. The positive and negative conductive patches are double-sided conductive copper foil tape. One side of the conductive copper foil tape is bonded to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material, and the other side is connected to a wire.

[0050] As another optional embodiment of the present invention, the positive and negative conductive patches are made of conductive coatings, which are formed by brushing conductive ink 0.1 to 5 mm below the target surface.

[0051] Optionally, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material includes, but is not limited to, PTFE parts, PTFE blocks, and PTFE films.

[0052] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene materials.

[0053] (I) The process of monitoring cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material using a cavitation monitoring and suppression device is as follows: The positive and negative conductive patches in each group of positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of a voltage measuring device, respectively. The voltage measuring device is used to collect the voltage signal between the positive and negative conductive patches in each group in real time. Based on the voltage signal, cavitation erosion is monitored on the target surface of the PTFE material.

[0054] Cavitation is determined in real time based on the real-time voltage change: when the real-time voltage change of the positive and negative conductive patches is greater than the preset threshold, cavitation occurs on the polytetrafluoroethylene material target surface corresponding to the area covered by the positive and negative conductive patches; otherwise, no cavitation occurs; the real-time voltage change is the voltage difference between adjacent acquisition times.

[0055] The degree of cavitation is determined by the cumulative voltage change: the cumulative voltage change of the positive and negative conductive patches is positively correlated with the degree of cavitation; the greater the cumulative voltage change, the greater the degree of cavitation. The cumulative voltage change is the voltage difference between the real-time voltage and the initial voltage.

[0056] The process of monitoring cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials using a cavitation monitoring and suppression device also includes the following steps: fixing the PTFE material in an ultrapure water tank, ensuring the target surface of the PTFE material faces the cavitation generator, adding ultrapure water to the ultrapure water tank, turning on the cavitation generator, and starting monitoring.

[0057] Furthermore, the voltage collected by the voltage measuring device increases with the number of cavitation cycles.

[0058] (II) The process of suppressing cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene material using a cavitation monitoring and suppression device is as follows: the positive and negative conductive patches in each group of positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively, and the cavitation erosion of the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material directly above its coverage area is suppressed by each group of positive and negative conductive patches.

[0059] Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0060] Example 1

[0061] In this embodiment, the positive and negative conductive patches are installed in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material through the following process: A 1mm thick space is machined 1mm below the surface of a 20mm diameter, 5mm thick PTFE disc; this surface is the target surface (cavitation monitoring surface). Double-sided conductive copper foil is cut into semicircles, and the semicircular copper foil double-sided conductive tape is connected to the wire core to form conductive patches. A pair of positive and negative conductive patches are symmetrically attached to the side closest to the cavitation monitoring surface, and the remaining machined space is completely filled with liquid insulating tape. After the liquid insulating tape cures, a waterproof coating is applied to the outer perimeter of the PTFE disc.

[0062] When using the cavitation monitoring and suppression device of this embodiment for cavitation monitoring, connect the wire to the voltmeter. The specific process is as follows:

[0063] First, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material equipped with the cavitation monitoring and suppression device of this embodiment is fixed on an acrylic bracket in a water tank. Ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ is added to the water tank to avoid the influence of water conductivity. Figure 2 As shown.

[0064] Then, place both ends of the wires outside the water tank, and connect the two wires to the positive and negative probes of the multimeter, respectively. Figure 4 As shown. Set the multimeter to the 2V voltage range. The voltmeter reading should be 0±0.005V. Zero the meter by connecting the two electrodes. Once the voltmeter reading stabilizes, turn on the cavitation generator. Cavitation is generated by an ultrasonic cell disruptor. Point the probe of the cavitation generator directly at the target surface of the PTFE material. Set the generator to operate for 2 seconds and pause for 3 seconds, with a duration of 10 hours.

[0065] After the cavitation erosion ended, the multimeter reading remained around 0.5V. The multimeter reading was then recorded, and the results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0066] As can be seen, when the reading stabilizes at 0.563V, pressing the test button on the cavitation generator produces a brief cavitation jet on the device surface. At this point, the multimeter reading begins to decrease, continuing to decrease to 0.560V after the cavitation test ends, before gradually rising again until stabilizing at 0.566V. Pressing the test button again generates a short period of cavitation, at which point the multimeter reading decreases to 0.563V before rising back to 0.571V. The device can detect the cavitation process and reduce the voltage difference between the two electrodes at the moment of cavitation, increasing the voltage difference after cavitation ends. In this case, each cavitation will increase the voltage difference by approximately 0.01V, gradually accumulating. Therefore, the duration or degree of cavitation can be determined by the total voltage difference after stabilization.

[0067] When using the cavitation monitoring and suppression device of this embodiment to suppress cavitation, connect the wires to a 12V DC power supply. The specific process is as follows:

[0068] First, the polytetrafluoroethylene material on which the cavitation monitoring and suppression device of this embodiment is installed is fixed on the acrylic bracket in the water tank. Ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ is added to the water tank to avoid the influence of the water's conductivity.

[0069] Subsequently, both ends of the wires were placed outside the water tank, and each wire was connected to the positive and negative terminals of a 12V DC power supply, respectively. The cavitation generator was turned on; cavitation was produced by an ultrasonic cell disruptor. The probe was positioned directly over the surface of the PTFE device, and the system was set to operate for 2 seconds and pause for 3 seconds, with a duration of 20 hours. After cavitation occurred, the distribution of cavitation pits and the suppression of cavitation damage were observed. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0070] Since the cavitation probe is directly facing the center of the PTFE disc, the distribution of cavitation pits should be symmetrical about the center of the disc. A typical PTFE cavitation surface, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0071] And in Figure 3 In the image, due to the influence of the electrode voltage beneath the surface, the cavitation damage area extends upwards and downwards from the center, with very few cavitation pits distributed on the left and right sides. The yellow copper foil electrode beneath the polytetrafluoroethylene material is visible through the surface, and there are no obvious cavitation characteristics above the electrode.

[0072] In summary, this invention provides a cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials. By connecting a multimeter, the cavitation process and degree can be monitored in real time through voltage readings. In addition, connecting an external DC power supply can effectively reduce the impact of cavitation damage.

[0073] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of this patent application are included in the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials, characterized in that: The cavitation monitoring and suppression device includes at least one set of positive and negative conductive patches, as well as a voltage measuring device and a power supply; each set of positive and negative conductive patches is installed in polytetrafluoroethylene material, and each set of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the voltage measuring device or to the power supply respectively. A mounting groove is reserved below the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material. A set of positive and negative conductive patches are attached to the inner wall of the mounting groove on the side closest to the target surface. Each set of positive and negative conductive patches includes positive conductive patches and negative conductive patches arranged at intervals. When each group of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the voltage measuring device, the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is used to monitor the cavitation of the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material. When the cavitation monitoring and suppression device performs cavitation monitoring, it obtains the cavitation monitoring result based on the voltage signal collected by the voltage measuring device. The voltage signal includes real-time voltage changes and cumulative voltage changes; The real-time voltage change is the voltage difference between adjacent moments. If the real-time voltage at the current moment is less than the real-time voltage at the previous moment, and the absolute value of the real-time voltage change is greater than a preset threshold, then cavitation occurs on the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material; otherwise, cavitation does not occur. The cumulative voltage change is the voltage difference between the real-time voltage and the initial voltage, and the cumulative voltage change is positively correlated with the degree of cavitation. When each group of positive and negative conductive patches is electrically connected to the power supply, the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is used to suppress cavitation on the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

2. The cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of positive and negative conductive patches is positioned 0.1–5 mm below the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material; the area of ​​each positive and negative conductive patch is approximately 1 cm². 2 Within.

3. The cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative conductive patches are embedded in polytetrafluoroethylene material.

4. The cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positive and negative conductive patches are embedded in pre-drilled mounting grooves, and then fixed and sealed before being embedded in polytetrafluoroethylene material.

5. The cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply has an output voltage of 1~15V.

6. The cavitation monitoring and suppression device for polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material includes PTFE parts, PTFE blocks, and PTFE films; both the positive and negative conductive patches are made of conductive copper foil tape.

7. A method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene materials using the cavitation monitoring and suppression device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The process of using the cavitation monitoring and suppression device to monitor the cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene material is as follows: the positive and negative conductive patches in each group of positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the voltage measuring device, respectively. The voltage measuring device is used to collect voltage signals in real time, and the cavitation erosion of the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material is monitored based on the voltage signals. The process of suppressing cavitation erosion of polytetrafluoroethylene material using the aforementioned cavitation monitoring and suppression device is as follows: the positive and negative conductive patches in each group of positive and negative conductive patches are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively, and cavitation erosion is suppressed on the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material through each group of positive and negative conductive patches.

8. The method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: The polytetrafluoroethylene material equipped with the cavitation monitoring and suppression device is fixed in an ultrapure water tank, with the probe of the cavitation generator facing the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material. Ultrapure water is added to the ultrapure water tank, the cavitation generator is turned on, and cavitation monitoring or cavitation suppression begins.

9. The method for monitoring and suppressing cavitation erosion in polytetrafluoroethylene materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of monitoring cavitation erosion on the target surface of polytetrafluoroethylene material based on voltage signals is as follows: The occurrence of cavitation is determined in real time based on the real-time voltage change: if the real-time voltage change is greater than a preset threshold, cavitation occurs on the target surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material; otherwise, no cavitation occurs. The real-time voltage change is the voltage difference between adjacent moments. The degree of cavitation is determined by the cumulative voltage change: the cumulative voltage change is positively correlated with the degree of cavitation; the cumulative voltage change is the voltage difference between the real-time voltage and the initial voltage.

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