Agricultural soil acidity and alkalinity detection equipment and method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and relates to agricultural soil acidity and alkalinity detection equipment and a method thereof. The detection device comprises a sampling rod, a plurality of sampling holes are formed in the sampling rod from top to bottom at intervals, and a sampling mechanism and a detection mechanism are arranged at the positions, corresponding to the sampling holes, in the sampling rod; the sampling mechanism comprises a sliding block, an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the sliding block is horizontally and movably arranged in the sampling rod, the sliding block is rotatably connected with a connecting ring, the outer cylinder is rotatably connected with the connecting ring, and the inner cylinder is slidably sleeved with the outer cylinder. The spraying plate sprays water into the inner cylinder, and along with downward movement of the inner cylinder, muddy water in the inner cylinder flows out through the water permeable holes and falls into the detection disc, so that the soil sample and the water are mixed more uniformly, and the detection precision is improved. A spraying plate and a side spraying opening can be used for comprehensively washing the inner cylinder, and the detection disc can be washed, so that the accuracy of a detection result during use next time is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and relates to agricultural soil pH detection equipment and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil testing is the basis for implementing precision agriculture. By accurately understanding the soil conditions of each piece of land, differentiated management measures such as fertilization and irrigation can be implemented to improve agricultural production efficiency. It provides an important basis for scientific management and improving agricultural productivity. The pH of the soil not only directly affects the growth and yield of crops, but also indirectly affects crop growth by affecting soil fertility, microbial activity and physical structure. Therefore, testing the pH of the soil is an important part of agricultural production.

[0003] A patent document with publication number CN116929836A discloses a soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for landscaping projects, comprising a fixed bracket, an oil cylinder is installed on one side above the fixed bracket, a sampling cannula is connected to the output end of the oil cylinder, a water storage tank is installed on the top of the fixed bracket, a display screen is embedded on the top of the water storage tank, a rectangular through groove is provided on the surface of the sampling cannula, a plurality of sampling frames arranged up and down are installed on the surface of the sampling cannula through the rectangular through groove, and a detection probe is installed on the bottom wall of each sampling frame. The device can realize the acidity and alkalinity detection of soil at different depths at the same sampling point, and can avoid the problem of residual sample mixing caused by a single round of detection.

[0004] However, the device has the following problems in actual use: if the sampling frame is broken during the sampling process, when water is injected into the sampling frame, the water in the sampling frame will flow out, affecting the soil detection results. In addition, when water is directly injected into the sampling frame, the sample and water are not mixed evenly, affecting the detection accuracy. In addition, when sampling, the sampling frame deflects, so that the top opening of the sampling frame gradually extends into the soil on the side. When the sampling frame is reset, the corresponding soil sample is brought back to the sampling tube. Since the upper end of the sampling frame protrudes outwards, the sampling amount may be insufficient, affecting the detection effect.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an agricultural soil pH detection device and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes an agricultural soil pH detection device and method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A soil pH detection device for agriculture, comprising a sampling rod, the sampling rod being provided with a plurality of sampling holes spaced from top to bottom, a sampling mechanism and a detection mechanism being provided in the sampling rod corresponding to each sampling hole; the sampling mechanism comprising a sliding block, an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the sliding block being arranged in the sampling rod for horizontal movement, the sliding block being rotatably connected with a connecting ring, the outer cylinder being rotatably connected with the connecting ring, the inner cylinder being slidably sleeved in the outer cylinder; a water-permeable hole being provided on the side wall of the inner cylinder; a driving component for driving the sliding block to move is provided in the sampling rod; The detection mechanism includes a detection disk, a spray plate and a detector installed on the bottom wall of the detection disk, which are arranged below the sampling mechanism; the spray plate is installed on the detection disk, and the spray plate cooperates with the outer cylinder, and a water inlet channel connected to the spray plate and a drainage channel connected to the detection disk are arranged in the sampling rod; after the sampling is completed, the connecting ring is rotated, and then the inner cylinder is moved down and sleeved on the spray plate, water is injected into the spray plate, and the muddy water in the inner cylinder falls into the detection disk through the water permeable hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection disk is provided with a side nozzle, a water spray channel is opened on the side wall of the detection disk, the water spray channel is connected with the water inlet channel, and the side nozzle is connected with the water spray channel; the side nozzle sprays water toward the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the detection plate is recessed toward the middle.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting rod is fixed on the outer cylinder, a spiral groove is opened on the inner wall of the sampling hole, and the limiting rod and the spiral groove cooperate; when the limiting rod moves into the spiral groove, the outer cylinder rotates under the guidance of the spiral groove.

[0011] Furthermore, a baffle is provided at each sampling hole for movement up and down, and the baffle and the sliding block are connected via a connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a lead screw, a rotating rod and a first motor, the first motor is fixedly mounted on the sampling rod, the rotating rod is vertically rotatably mounted in the sampling rod, and the first motor is drivingly connected to the rotating rod, the lead screw is horizontally rotatably mounted in the sampling rod, a second bevel gear is coaxially fixed on the lead screw, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and the first bevel gear is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod; the sliding block is drivingly connected to the lead screw.

[0013] Furthermore, a ball is arranged between the sliding block and the lead screw, and the sliding block, the lead screw and the ball constitute a ball screw pair.

[0014] Furthermore, the water inlet channel includes an inner tube and a water supply pipe; the inner tube is vertically arranged in the sampling rod, each spray plate is connected to the water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is connected to the inner tube; the drainage channel includes a drainage pipe and an outer tube, the outer tube is arranged in the sampling rod, each of the detection disks is provided with a leakage hole connected to the drainage pipe, a first solenoid valve is installed in the leakage hole, and the drainage pipe is connected to the outer tube; the inner tube is connected to the water outlet end of the water pump.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner tube is arranged in the outer tube, and the water supply tube is arranged in the drainage tube.

[0016] A method for detecting the pH value of agricultural soil in the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Extend the sampling rod into the ground; S2, the sliding block is moved out of the sampling hole by the driving assembly, the outer cylinder is inserted into the soil, the outer cylinder is rotated relative to the connecting ring, and the soil sample in the inner cylinder is separated from the soil; then the outer cylinder is returned to the sampling rod; S3, rotate the connecting ring to make the inner cylinder vertically downward and directly above the spray plate, then move the inner cylinder downward and sleeve it on the spray plate, and deliver water to the spray plate through the water inlet channel. As the inner cylinder moves downward, the muddy water in the inner cylinder falls into the detection plate through the water permeable hole, and the detector performs detection; S4. After the test is completed, move the sampling rod to the ground, deliver water to the spray plate, and move the inner cylinder up and down along the outer cylinder to flush the inner cylinder. The muddy water in the test plate is discharged through the drainage channel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The spray plate sprays water into the inner cylinder. As the inner cylinder moves downward, the muddy water in the inner cylinder flows out through the water-permeable holes and falls into the detection plate, making the soil sample and water mixed more evenly, which is beneficial to improve the detection accuracy. At the same time, the side nozzle will spray to the outer wall of the inner cylinder to prevent the mud from adhering to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, which is beneficial to improve the detection accuracy.

[0018] 2. After the outer cylinder is inserted into the soil, the outer cylinder rotates relative to the connecting ring, so that the soil sample in the outer cylinder is separated from the soil, which is conducive to obtaining sufficient samples in the inner cylinder and avoiding the influence of insufficient samples on the test results.

[0019] 3. The spray plate and side nozzles can fully rinse the inner cylinder and the test disc to ensure the accuracy of the test results the next time it is used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling rod in the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of part A; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating block in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outer cylinder in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting ring in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner cylinder in the present invention; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling rod of the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 8 A magnified view of part B; Fig.10 The present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of part C; Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of the detection disk in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. fixed box; 2. display; 3. pressure push rod; 4. sampling rod; 5. first motor; 6. rotating rod; 7. first bevel gear; 8. second bevel gear; 9. lead screw; 10. sliding block; 11. connecting rod; 12. sampling hole; 13. slide rail; 14. baffle; 15. rotating block; 16. connecting ring; 17. outer cylinder; 18. electric telescopic rod; 19. inner cylinder; 20. limit rod; 21. spiral groove; 22. outer tube; 23. inner tube; 24. drain pipe; 25. water supply pipe; 26. detection plate; 27. water spray channel; 28. side nozzle; 29. ​​leakage hole; 30. spray plate; 31. detector; 32. second motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an agricultural soil pH detection device comprises a fixed box 1, a sampling rod 4, a sampling mechanism and a detection mechanism. A display 2 and an operation button are arranged on the fixed box 1. A water tank is arranged in the fixed box 1, a water pump is installed on the water tank, and water is filled in the water tank.

[0024] A fixing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing box 1, and a pressure push rod 3 is installed on the fixing plate. The output end of the pressure push rod 3 is vertically arranged downward and fixedly connected to the sampling rod 4. The sampling rod 4 is vertically arranged and has a tapered lower end.

[0025] The sampling rod 4 is hollow inside, and a plurality of sampling holes 12 are spaced apart from top to bottom on the side wall of the sampling rod 4. A baffle 14 is provided at each sampling hole 12. Specifically, a slide rail 13 is fixedly connected inside the sampling rod 4, and the baffle 14 is connected to the slide rail 13 in an up-and-down sliding manner.

[0026] There are multiple sampling mechanisms, and the multiple sampling mechanisms correspond to the multiple sampling holes 12 one by one. Each sampling mechanism includes a sliding block 10, an outer cylinder 17 and an inner cylinder 19. The sliding block 10 is arranged in the sampling rod 4 for horizontal movement. A driving assembly for driving the sampling rod 4 to move horizontally is arranged in the sampling rod 4. The driving assembly includes a lead screw 9, a rotating rod 6 and a first motor 5. The first motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the sampling rod 4, the rotating rod 6 is vertically rotatably mounted in the sampling rod 4, and the first motor 5 is drivingly connected to the rotating rod 6. A mounting plate is fixed in the sampling rod 4, and the lead screw 9 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the mounting plate. A second bevel gear 8 is coaxially fixed on the lead screw 9, and the second bevel gear 8 is meshed with a first bevel gear 7, and the first bevel gear 7 is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod 6. The sliding block 10 is transmission-connected to the lead screw 9, and the lead screw 9 rotates to cause the sliding block 10 to move horizontally. In this embodiment, a ball is arranged between the lead screw 9 and the sliding block 10 , and the lead screw 9 , the sliding block 10 and the ball constitute a ball screw pair.

[0027] A connecting rod 11 is connected between the sliding block 10 and the baffle 14 . One end of the connecting rod 11 is hinged to the sliding block 10 , and the other end of the connecting rod 11 is hinged to the baffle 14 .

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, rotating blocks 15 are rotatably provided on both sides of the sliding block 10, and a second motor 32 is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding block 10, and the second motor 32 is drivingly connected to one of the rotating blocks 15. A connecting ring 16 is fixedly installed between the two rotating blocks 15. The axis of the second motor 32 is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting ring 16.

[0029] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the outer cylinder 17 is coaxially rotatably mounted on the connecting ring 16, and there is rotational damping between the outer cylinder 17 and the connecting ring 16. That is to say, the outer cylinder 17 will rotate relative to the connecting ring 16 only when it is driven. The inner cylinder 19 is slidably arranged in the outer cylinder 17, and the outer cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod 18, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 18 is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 19, and the electric telescopic rod 18 extends into the connecting ring 16. The electric telescopic rod 18 drives the inner cylinder 19 to slide in the outer cylinder 17. Initially, the openings of the outer cylinder 17 and the inner cylinder 19 are both facing the corresponding sampling holes 12, and the outer cylinder 17 and the inner cylinder 19 are moved to the outside of the sampling rod 4 through the sampling holes 12 for sampling. A plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the side walls of the inner cylinder 19 except the side wall opposite to the opening.

[0030] The outer cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with a limiting rod 20, and the end of the limiting rod 20 facing away from the outer cylinder 17 is in an arc shape. A spiral groove 21 is provided on the inner wall of the sampling hole 12, and one end of the spiral groove 21 penetrates the inner wall of the sampling rod 4 in the direction close to the inside of the sampling rod 4. The limiting rod 20 and the spiral groove 21 are arranged in coordination. In this way, as the outer cylinder 17 moves outward, the limiting rod 20 gradually enters the spiral groove 21. Afterwards, under the guidance of the spiral groove 21, the outer cylinder 17 rotates relative to the connecting ring 16. The limiting rod 20 should be arranged away from the open end of the outer cylinder 17, so that when the outer cylinder 17 is inserted into the soil for a certain distance, the limiting rod 20 enters the spiral groove 21, and the outer cylinder 17 rotates relative to the connecting ring 16, so that the soil sample in the inner cylinder 19 is separated from the soil.

[0031] There are multiple detection mechanisms, and the multiple detection mechanisms correspond to the multiple sampling mechanisms one by one. Each detection mechanism is located below the corresponding sampling mechanism. Each detection mechanism includes a detection disk 26, a spray plate 30 and a detector 31. The detection disk 26 is fixedly installed in the sampling rod 4, and the detector 31 is arranged on the bottom wall of the detection disk 26. The spray plate 30 is fixedly arranged above the middle part of the detection disk 26, and a plurality of spray holes are opened on the upper end surface of the spray plate 30. The spray plate 30 is adapted to the inner cylinder 19. After the sampling is completed, the rotating block 15 is rotated downward by 90 degrees, so that the openings of the outer cylinder 17 and the inner cylinder 19 are downward, and then the inner cylinder 19 is moved downward, and then the inner cylinder 19 is sleeved on the spray plate 30. The detector 31 is used to detect the pH value of the soil. The detector 31 is a prior art and is not described here.

[0032] The sampling rod 4 is provided with a water inlet channel communicating with the spray plate 30 and a water discharge channel communicating with the detection disk 26 .

[0033] The spray plate 30 is provided with a water cavity, the spray hole is connected to the water cavity, the water cavity is connected to the water inlet channel, and the water inlet channel is connected to the water outlet of the water pump in the fixed box 1. The water in the water tank enters the spray plate 30 through the water inlet channel, and the spray plate 30 sprays water into the inner cylinder 19 through the spray hole. As the inner cylinder 19 moves downward, the muddy water in the inner cylinder 19 flows out through the water permeable hole and falls into the detection plate 26.

[0034] The water inlet channel includes an inner tube 23 and a water supply pipe 25. The inner tube 23 is vertically fixed in the sampling rod 4, and the inner tube 23 is connected to the water outlet of the water pump. The lower end of each spray plate 30 is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe 25, one end of the water supply pipe 25 is connected to the water cavity of the spray plate 30, and the other end of the water supply pipe 25 is connected to the inner tube 23. Fig.10 As shown, the water supply pipe 25 passes through the middle of the detection disk 26 , and the water supply pipe 25 is sealedly connected to the detection disk 26 .

[0035] A water spray channel 27 is provided on the side wall of the detection disk 26, and a water port connected to the water spray channel 27 is provided on the water supply pipe 25. A side nozzle 28 is provided at the upper end of the detection disk 26, and the side nozzle 28 is connected to the water spray channel 27. Specifically, an inclined surface is provided at the upper end of the detection disk 26, and the lower end of the inclined surface is inclined toward the axis direction of the detection disk 26, and the side nozzle 28 is provided on the inclined surface. When the inner cylinder 19 moves downward along the spray plate 30, the side nozzle 28 sprays water obliquely upward and onto the outer wall of the inner cylinder 19.

[0036] After the test is completed, the muddy water in the test tray 26 is discharged through the drainage channel. The drainage channel includes an outer tube 22 and a drainage pipe 24. The outer tube 22 is vertically arranged in the sampling rod 4, and a second solenoid valve is installed at the lower end of the outer tube 22. Each test tray 26 is connected to a drainage pipe 24, and the drainage pipe 24 is connected to the outer tube 22. A plurality of leakage holes 29 are opened at the bottom of the test tray 26, and the leakage holes 29 are connected to the drainage pipe 24. A first solenoid valve is installed in each leakage hole 29. Fig.10 As shown, the bottom wall of the detection plate 26 is recessed toward the middle.

[0037] like Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner tube 23 is located inside the outer tube 22 , and the water supply tube 25 is located inside the drainage tube 24 .

[0038] A controller is provided on the fixed box 1. The first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the first motor 5, the detector 31, the second motor 32 and the display 2 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0039] Working principle: Initially, the baffle 14 blocks the sampling hole 12, and the opening of the outer cylinder 17 faces the corresponding baffle 14. The inner cylinder 19 is located inside the outer cylinder 17. The sliding block 10 is located at one end of the thread groove on the lead screw 9 away from the sampling hole 12.

[0040] When in use, the sampling rod 4 is moved to the land to be tested, and the sampling rod 4 is extended into the land through the pressure push rod 3 .

[0041] Start the first motor 5, the rotating rod 6 rotates, the lead screw 9 rotates, the sliding block 10 moves outward along the lead screw 9, and the rotating block 15, the connecting ring 16 and the outer cylinder 17 move synchronously. The sliding block 10 pushes the baffle 14 through the connecting rod 11 so that the baffle 14 moves down along the slide rail 13, and then the sampling hole 12 gradually opens. After that, the outer cylinder 17 passes through the sampling hole 12 and moves to the outside of the sampling rod 4 and is inserted into the soil. As the outer cylinder 17 moves outward, the limiting rod 20 enters the spiral groove 21, and then under the guidance of the spiral groove 21, the outer cylinder 17 moves outward while rotating relative to the connecting ring 16, thereby separating the soil sample in the inner cylinder 19 from the soil.

[0042] When the sliding block 10 moves to the end of the threaded groove on the lead screw 9 close to the sampling hole 12, the sliding block 10 moves along the lead screw 9 into the sampling rod 4, and the outer cylinder 17 moves to the initial state. The sliding block 10 drives the baffle 14 to move upward through the connecting rod 11. When the outer cylinder 17 returns to the sampling rod 4, the baffle 14 gradually blocks the sampling hole 12. Until the sliding block 10 returns to the initial position and the outer cylinder 17 returns to the initial state, the first motor 5 stops.

[0043] After that, the second motor 32 is started to rotate the rotating block 15 90 degrees, so that the opening of the outer cylinder 17 is downward, and the inner cylinder 19 is directly above the spray plate 30. Then the electric telescopic rod 18 is started to move the inner cylinder 19 outward from the outer cylinder 17, and the inner cylinder 19 gradually approaches the spray plate 30 and is sleeved on the spray plate 30. The water pump is started, and the water in the water tank is transported to the spray plate 30 through the inner tube 23 and the water supply pipe 25 and sprayed into the inner cylinder 19 through the spray hole. The water entering the inner cylinder 19 is mixed with the soil sample in the inner cylinder 19. As the inner cylinder 19 gradually moves downward, under the squeezing of the spray plate 30, the muddy water in the inner cylinder 19 flows out through the water permeable hole and falls into the detection disk 26. In this way, the water and soil samples are mixed more evenly, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0044] At the same time, the water in the water supply pipe 25 enters the water spray channel 27 and is sprayed out through the side nozzle 28. The side nozzle 28 sprays water onto the outer wall of the inner cylinder 19, flushing down the mud adhering to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 19, which is beneficial to improve the detection accuracy. The detector 31 performs detection and displays the detection results through the display 2 for the convenience of the staff to view.

[0045] After the test is completed, the sampling rod 4 is moved to the ground by the pressure push rod 3. Then, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are opened, and the muddy water in the test plate 26 is discharged through the drain pipe 24 and the outer pipe 22. After that, water is continuously supplied to the inner pipe 23, and the water flows into the spray plate 30 through the water supply pipe 25 and flows out through the spray hole. At the same time, the water in the water supply pipe 25 enters the water spray channel 27 and is sprayed out through the side nozzle 28. The water sprayed from the spray plate 30 washes the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19, and the water sprayed from the side nozzle 28 washes the outer wall of the inner cylinder 19. The inner cylinder 19 is reciprocated up and down by the electric telescopic rod 18, and the inner cylinder 19 moves up and down along the spray plate 30, and the spray plate 30 scrapes the mud on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19. At the same time, when the inner cylinder 19 moves downward, the pressure in the inner cylinder 19 increases, so that the water entering the inner cylinder 19 is sprayed out through the water permeable hole, flushing out the mud blocked in the water permeable hole, and flushing the water permeable hole.

[0046] The water on the inner tube 19 falls into the detection tray 26 and then flows out through the drain pipe 24 and the outer tube 22. The water falls into the detection tray 26 and cleans the detection tray 26. Since the bottom of the detection tray 26 is concave toward the middle, the muddy water in the detection tray 26 is easier to flow out, so that the detection tray 26 is prevented from being adhered to mud and affecting the accuracy of the next detection.

[0047] A method for detecting the pH value of agricultural soil in the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Extend the sampling rod 4 into the ground.

[0048] S2. The sliding block 10 is moved out of the sampling hole 12 by the driving assembly, and the outer cylinder 17 is inserted into the soil. The outer cylinder 17 is rotated relative to the connecting ring 16 to separate the soil sample in the inner cylinder 19 from the soil; then the outer cylinder 17 is returned to the sampling rod 4.

[0049] S3, rotate the connecting ring 16 to make the inner cylinder 19 vertically downward and directly above the spray plate 30, then move the inner cylinder 19 downward and sleeve it on the spray plate 30, and transport water into the spray plate 30 through the water inlet channel. As the inner cylinder 19 moves downward, the muddy water in the inner cylinder 19 falls into the detection disk 26 through the water permeable hole, and the detector 31 performs detection.

[0050] S4. After the test is completed, the sampling rod 4 is moved to the ground, water is supplied to the spray plate 30, and the inner cylinder 19 is reciprocated up and down along the outer cylinder 17 to flush the inner cylinder 19, and the muddy water in the test plate 26 is discharged through the drainage channel.

[0051] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural soil pH detection device, comprising a sampling rod (4), wherein the sampling rod (4) is provided with a plurality of sampling holes (12) spaced apart from top to bottom, and characterized in that: A sampling mechanism and a detection mechanism are provided in the sampling rod (4) at positions corresponding to each sampling hole (12); the sampling mechanism comprises a sliding block (10), an outer cylinder (17) and an inner cylinder (19); the sliding block (10) is horizontally movably arranged in the sampling rod (4); the sliding block (10) is rotatably connected to a connecting ring (16); the outer cylinder (17) is rotatably connected to the connecting ring (16); the inner cylinder (19) is slidably sleeved in the outer cylinder (17); a water-permeable hole is provided on the side wall of the inner cylinder (19); a driving component for driving the sliding block (10) to move is provided in the sampling rod (4); The detection mechanism comprises a detection plate (26) arranged below the sampling mechanism, a spray plate (30) and a detector (31) mounted on the bottom wall of the detection plate (26); the spray plate (30) is mounted on the detection plate (26), the spray plate (30) cooperates with the outer cylinder (17), and a water inlet channel connected to the spray plate (30) and a water discharge channel connected to the detection plate (26) are arranged in the sampling rod (4); after the sampling is completed, the connecting ring (16) is rotated, and then the inner cylinder (19) is moved downward and sleeved on the spray plate (30), water is injected into the spray plate (30), and muddy water in the inner cylinder (19) falls into the detection plate (26) through the water permeable hole.

2. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection plate (26) is provided with a side nozzle (28), a water spray channel (27) is opened on the side wall of the detection plate (26), the water spray channel (27) is connected to the water inlet channel, and the side nozzle (28) is connected to the water spray channel (27); the side nozzle (28) sprays water toward the outer wall of the inner cylinder (19).

3. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the detection plate (26) is concave towards the middle.

4. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting rod (20) is fixed on the outer cylinder (17), and a spiral groove (21) is provided on the inner wall of the sampling hole (12). The limiting rod (20) and the spiral groove (21) cooperate with each other; when the limiting rod (20) moves into the spiral groove (21), the outer cylinder (17) rotates under the guidance of the spiral groove (21).

5. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (14) is provided at each sampling hole (12) so as to move up and down, and the baffle (14) and the sliding block (10) are connected via a connecting rod (11).

6. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a lead screw (9), a rotating rod (6) and a first motor (5), wherein the first motor (5) is fixedly mounted on the sampling rod (4), the rotating rod (6) is vertically rotatably mounted in the sampling rod (4), and the first motor (5) is drivingly connected to the rotating rod (6), the lead screw (9) is horizontally rotatably mounted in the sampling rod (4), a second bevel gear (8) is coaxially fixed on the lead screw (9), the second bevel gear (8) is meshed with a first bevel gear (7), and the first bevel gear (7) is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod (6); the sliding block (10) is drivingly connected to the lead screw (9).

7. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A ball is arranged between the sliding block (10) and the lead screw (9); the sliding block (10), the lead screw (9) and the ball constitute a ball screw pair.

8. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet channel comprises an inner tube (23) and a water supply pipe (25); the inner tube (23) is vertically arranged in the sampling rod (4); each spray plate (30) is connected to the water supply pipe (25); the water supply pipe (25) and the inner tube (23) are in communication; the drainage channel comprises a drainage pipe (24) and an outer tube (22); the outer tube (22) is arranged in the sampling rod (4); each detection plate (26) is provided with a leakage hole (29) in communication with the drainage pipe (24); a first solenoid valve is installed in the leakage hole (29); the drainage pipe (24) and the outer tube (22) are in communication; the inner tube (23) is connected to a water outlet of a water pump.

9. The agricultural soil pH detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner tube (23) is arranged inside the outer tube (22), and the water supply tube (25) is arranged inside the drainage tube (24).

10. A method for detecting the pH value of agricultural soil, using the device for detecting the pH value of agricultural soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Extend the sampling rod (4) into the ground; S2, the sliding block (10) is moved outward from the sampling hole (12) by the driving assembly, the outer cylinder (17) is inserted into the soil, and the outer cylinder (17) is rotated relative to the connecting ring (16) to separate the soil sample in the inner cylinder (19) from the soil; and then the outer cylinder (17) is returned to the sampling rod (4); S3, rotating the connecting ring (16) so that the inner cylinder (19) is vertically downward and located directly above the spray plate (30), and then the inner cylinder (19) is moved downward and sleeved on the spray plate (30), and water is transported into the spray plate (30) through the water inlet channel. As the inner cylinder (19) moves downward, muddy water in the inner cylinder (19) falls into the detection plate (26) through the water permeable hole, and the detector (31) performs detection; S4. After the test is completed, the sampling rod (4) is moved to the ground, water is supplied to the spray plate (30), and the inner cylinder (19) is reciprocated up and down along the outer cylinder (17) to flush the inner cylinder (19), and the muddy water in the test plate (26) is discharged through the drainage channel.

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