Proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function

Abstract

The invention discloses a proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function. The proportional counter tube comprises a sealed shell, a monitoring electrode, a cathode net and an anode wire, the monitoring electrode, the cathode net and the anode wire are arranged in the sealed shell; the anode wire is arranged along the axis position of the sealing shell, and two sides of the anode wire are connected with the energy signal interface through the first insulator; the cathode net is of a net structure, is electrically connected with the sealing shell and wraps the anode wire; the monitoring electrode is arranged between the cathode net and the sealing shell and wraps the cathode net; two sides of the monitoring electrode are connected with the monitoring signal interface through a second insulator; and the proportional counter tube is used for recording the energy signal output by the energy signal interface only when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface is not output. According to the invention, the wall effect can be effectively identified by using the output of the monitoring electrode, and then the corresponding energy signal output is eliminated, so that the accuracy of energy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion research, and in particular to a proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function. Background Art

[0002] In the field of nuclear fusion research, neutron spectrum measurement is a key technology used to obtain important information about plasma. Commonly used hydrogen-containing proportional counter tubes measure neutron energy through the scattering of hydrogen nuclei and neutrons.

[0003] However, in fusion reactions, the neutron energy is high, which leads to an increase in the wall effect. The wall effect refers to the fact that when a particle approaches the detector wall, part of the particle's energy will be deposited on the wall due to the existence of the detector wall, rather than fully entering the sensitive volume of the detector. In order to reduce the wall effect, the method of increasing the gas pressure is often used. However, even if the gas pressure is increased, the wall effect cannot be completely avoided.

[0004] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to eliminate the influence of wall effect in proportional counter tube energy measurement, the present invention provides a proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function, which can effectively identify the wall effect by utilizing the output of the monitoring electrode, and then eliminate the corresponding energy signal output, thereby improving the accuracy of energy.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function, the proportional counter tube comprising a sealed housing, a monitoring electrode, a cathode mesh and an anode wire;

[0008] The monitoring electrode, cathode mesh and anode wire are all placed inside the sealed housing;

[0009] The anode wire is arranged along the axis of the sealed shell, and both sides of the anode wire are connected to the energy signal interface through a first insulator;

[0010] The cathode mesh is a mesh structure, electrically connected to the sealed housing, and wraps the anode wire;

[0011] The monitoring electrode is arranged between the cathode mesh and the sealed housing and wraps the cathode mesh; both sides of the monitoring electrode are connected to the monitoring signal interface through a second insulator;

[0012] The proportional counter tube records the energy signal output from the energy signal interface only when there is no signal output from the monitoring signal interface.

[0013] The present invention can effectively identify the wall effect by using the output of the monitoring electrode, and then exclude the corresponding energy signal output, that is, only when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface has no signal output, the energy signal output by the energy signal interface is recorded; otherwise, when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface has a signal output, it indicates that the wall effect exists, and the corresponding energy signal is not accurate and is not recorded. The present invention thus improves the accuracy of energy.

[0014] Furthermore, the distance between the anode wire and the cathode mesh is much greater than the distance between the monitoring electrode and the cathode mesh.

[0015] For example, the distance between the anode wire and the cathode mesh is more than 5 times the distance between the monitoring electrode and the cathode mesh.

[0016] Furthermore, the sealed housing is a cylindrical sealed housing.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealed housing is filled with high-pressure hydrogen, methane or helium-3 gas.

[0018] Furthermore, the anode wire is connected to a +1500V DC high voltage, and the monitoring electrode is connected to a -200V DC high voltage.

[0019] Furthermore, the AC signal output by the energy signal interface is amplified by a first operational amplifier to output an energy signal.

[0020] Furthermore, the AC signal output by the monitoring signal interface is amplified by a second operational amplifier to output a monitoring signal.

[0021] Furthermore, the monitoring electrode and the cathode mesh are both made of metal materials.

[0022] Furthermore, the anode wire material is tungsten wire, and the diameter is 25-50 μm.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function. The present invention can effectively identify the wall effect by using the output of the monitoring electrode, and then exclude the corresponding energy signal output, that is, only when the monitoring signal interface has no signal output, the energy signal output by the energy signal interface is recorded; otherwise, when the monitoring signal interface has a signal output, it indicates that the wall effect exists, and the corresponding energy signal is not recorded if it is inaccurate. The proportional counter tube energy measurement of the present invention excludes the influence of the wall effect, thereby improving the accuracy of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a proportional counter tube embodiment 1 with a wall effect monitoring function according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a proportional counter tube embodiment 2 with a wall effect monitoring function according to the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals and corresponding component names:

[0029] 1-sealed housing, 2-monitoring electrode, 3-cathode mesh, 4-anode wire, 5-first insulator, 6-second insulator, 7-energy signal interface, 8-monitoring signal interface, 9-energy signal, 10-monitoring signal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Hereinafter, the term "include" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present invention indicates the presence of the invented function, operation or element, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. In addition, as used in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "have" and their cognates are intended only to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items, and should not be understood as first excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items or the possibility of adding one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items.

[0031] In various embodiments of the present invention, the expression "or" or "at least one of A or / and B" includes any combination or all combinations of the words listed at the same time. For example, the expression "A or B" or "at least one of A or / and B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0032] The expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in various embodiments of the present invention may modify the various constituent elements in various embodiments, but may not limit the corresponding constituent elements. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and / or importance of the elements. The above expressions are only used for the purpose of distinguishing an element from other elements. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention, the first element may be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.

[0033] It should be noted that if it is described that one component element is “connected” to another component element, the first component element may be directly connected to the second component element, and a third component element may be “connected” between the first component element and the second component element. Conversely, when one component element is “directly connected” to another component element, it can be understood that there is no third component element between the first component element and the second component element.

[0034] The terms used in various embodiments of the present invention are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit various embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to also include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise limited, all terms used here (including technical terms and scientific terms) have the same meaning as the meaning generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms (such as the terms defined in the dictionary generally used) will be interpreted as having the same meaning as the contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and will not be interpreted as having an idealized meaning or an overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in various embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] In fusion reactions, the neutron energy is high, which leads to an increase in the wall effect. In traditional proportional counter tubes, some charged particles do not deposit all their energy in the gas, but hit the tube wall. The tube wall of a traditional proportional counter tube is the cathode. Because the tube wall or the cathode is conductive, the potential of the entire cathode is equal, and the generated charges will not separate, so no current signal is generated. This causes part of the energy of the charged particles to be deposited on the cathode, but no corresponding electrical signal is generated. This phenomenon is called the wall effect.

[0037] On the basis of the above, the present invention adds a monitoring electrode and designs the cathode as a cathode mesh. Those charged particles that have not deposited all the energy will pass through the cathode mesh and reach the area between the monitoring electrode and the cathode mesh, where energy is deposited to generate charge. There is a voltage between the monitoring electrode and the cathode mesh, and this voltage will cause the charge separation to move in the opposite direction, thereby generating a current signal. Furthermore, the present invention effectively identifies the wall effect by monitoring the current signal, and then excludes the corresponding energy signal output, that is, only when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface has no signal output, the energy signal output by the energy signal interface is recorded; otherwise, when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface has a signal output, it indicates that there is a wall effect, and the corresponding energy signal is not accurate and is not recorded. The proportional counter tube energy measurement of the present invention eliminates the influence of the wall effect, thereby improving the accuracy of the energy.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function, the proportional counter tube comprises a cylindrical sealed housing 1, a monitoring electrode 2, a cathode mesh 3, an anode wire 4, a first insulator 5, a second insulator 6, an energy signal interface 7 and a monitoring signal interface 8;

[0040] The monitoring electrode 2, cathode mesh 3 and anode wire 4 are all placed inside the sealed housing 1;

[0041] The anode wire 4 is arranged along the axis of the sealed housing 1, and both sides of the anode wire 4 are connected to the energy signal interface 7 through the first insulator 5;

[0042] The cathode mesh 3 is a mesh structure, electrically connected to the sealed housing 1, and wraps the anode wire 4;

[0043] The monitoring electrode 2 is disposed between the cathode mesh 3 and the sealed housing 1 and wraps the cathode mesh 3; both sides of the monitoring electrode 2 are connected to the monitoring signal interface 8 through the second insulator 6;

[0044] The proportional counter tube records the energy signal 9 output by the energy signal interface 7 only when the monitoring signal 10 output by the monitoring signal interface 8 has no signal output.

[0045] In this embodiment, the distance between the anode wire 4 and the cathode mesh 3 is much greater than the distance between the monitoring electrode 2 and the cathode mesh 3. In specific implementation, the distance between the anode wire 4 and the cathode mesh 3 is more than 5 times the distance between the monitoring electrode 2 and the cathode mesh 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, the sealed housing 1 is filled with high-pressure hydrogen, methane or helium-3 gas.

[0047] In this embodiment, the anode wire 4 is connected to a +1500V DC high voltage, and the monitoring electrode 2 is connected to a -200V DC high voltage.

[0048] In this embodiment, the monitoring electrode 2 and the cathode mesh 3 are both made of metal materials.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anode wire 4 is made of tungsten wire, and has a diameter of 25-50 μm.

[0050] Compared with the existing proportional counter tube, the present invention adds a monitoring electrode 2 and designs the cathode as a cathode mesh 3. Those charged particles that have not deposited all the energy will pass through the cathode mesh 3 and reach the area between the monitoring electrode 2 and the cathode mesh 3, where energy is deposited to generate charge. There is a voltage between the monitoring electrode 2 and the cathode mesh 3, and this voltage will cause the charge separation to move in the opposite direction, thereby generating a current signal. Then, the present invention effectively identifies the wall effect by monitoring the current signal, and then excludes the corresponding energy signal output, that is, only when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface has no signal output, the energy signal output by the energy signal interface is recorded; otherwise, when the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface has a signal output, it indicates that there is a wall effect, and the corresponding energy signal is not accurate and is not recorded.

[0051] The proportional counter tube energy measurement of the present invention eliminates the influence of the wall effect, thereby improving the accuracy of energy.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the AC signal output by the energy signal interface 7 is amplified by the first capacitor and the first operational amplifier to output the energy signal 9.

[0054] The AC signal output by the monitoring signal interface 8 is amplified by the second capacitor and the second operational amplifier and then output as a monitoring signal 10 .

[0055] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a specific circuit structure for amplifying the AC signal output by the energy signal interface 7 and the monitoring signal interface 8. The present invention records the energy signal output by the energy signal interface only when there is no signal output of the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface; otherwise, when there is a signal output of the monitoring signal output by the monitoring signal interface, it indicates that there is a wall effect, and the corresponding energy signal is not accurate and is not recorded. The present invention thus improves the accuracy of energy.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0057] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0058] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0060] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function, characterized in that: The proportional counter tube comprises a sealed housing (1), a monitoring electrode (2), a cathode mesh (3) and an anode wire (4); The monitoring electrode (2), cathode mesh (3) and anode wire (4) are all placed inside the sealed housing (1); The anode wire (4) is arranged along the axis of the sealed housing (1), and both sides of the anode wire (4) are connected to the energy signal interface (7) through a first insulator (5); The cathode mesh (3) is a mesh structure, electrically connected to the sealed housing (1), and wraps the anode wire (4); The monitoring electrode (2) is arranged between the cathode mesh (3) and the sealed housing (1), and wraps the cathode mesh (3); both sides of the monitoring electrode (2) are connected to the monitoring signal interface (8) via a second insulator (6); The proportional counter tube records the energy signal output by the energy signal interface (7) only when the monitoring signal interface (8) has no signal output.

2. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the anode wire (4) and the cathode mesh (3) is more than 5 times the distance between the monitoring electrode (2) and the cathode mesh (3).

3. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed housing (1) is a cylindrical sealed housing.

4. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed housing (1) is filled with high-pressure hydrogen, methane or helium-3 gas.

5. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode wire (4) is connected to a +1500V DC high voltage, and the monitoring electrode (2) is connected to a -200V DC high voltage.

6. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC signal output by the energy signal interface (7) is amplified by a first operational amplifier and then output as an energy signal (9).

7. A proportional counter tube with wall effect monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC signal output by the monitoring signal interface (8) is amplified by a second operational amplifier and then output as a monitoring signal (10).

8. A proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The monitoring electrode (2) and the cathode mesh (3) are both made of metal materials.

9. A proportional counter tube with a wall effect monitoring function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The anode wire (4) is made of tungsten wire and has a diameter of 25-50 μm.

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