Method and apparatus for determining a scanning matrix

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of determination method and device of scanning matrix, wherein the method comprises: by in the stable output band range of controllable seismic source, the simple harmonic wave of same scanning length is excited test, according to test result, the highest signal-to-noise ratio band of simple harmonic wave scanning signal is determined as the orthogonal design frequency range;The simple harmonic wave of different scanning length is excited test, the similarity and signal-to-noise ratio of the observation value received by sensor and scanning signal are determined, the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and signal-to-noise ratio of scanning signal is selected;According to the orthogonal design frequency range of simple harmonic wave scanning signal and scanning length, the frequency range of scanning signal is determined;According to the minimum orthogonal excitation signal quantity, the minimum number of scanning signal is determined;According to the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signal, frequency range, orthogonal design frequency range and scanning length, accurately determine scanning matrix, improve the reliability of geological information extraction, guarantee the authenticity of geological information.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and in particular to a method and device for determining a scanning matrix. BACKGROUND

[0002] This section is intended to provide background information to facilitate an understanding of embodiments of the application as set forth in the claims. The description herein does not constitute an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art.

[0003] At present, taking deconvolution as an example, the bottleneck of using inversion method to extract geological information is that the near-field wavelet, i.e. the excitation signal, cannot be accurately obtained, which limits the direct use of inversion method in seismic exploration to extract rock physical parameters and thus obtain the required geological information. However, the parameters obtained by the conventional seismic exploration method have very low precision, which cannot guarantee the authenticity of the rock physical parameters. Under the premise of accurately knowing the shape of the scanning signal, deconvolution can accurately extract the response. However, if the scanning signal is unknown, the deconvolution result will have a large error as correlation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to accurately determine the scanning signal. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining a scanning matrix, which is used to accurately determine a scanning signal, improve the reliability of inversion geological information extraction, and guarantee the authenticity of geological information in seismic exploration. The method comprises:

[0005] Within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, a simple harmonic wave with the same scanning length is excited and tested, and the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio determined according to the test result is the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal;

[0006] According to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, a simple harmonic wave with a different scanning length is excited and tested, and the similarity and signal-to-noise ratio of the observation value received by the sensor to the scanning signal are determined according to the test result. The scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and signal-to-noise ratio to the scanning signal is selected as the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal;

[0007] According to the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, the frequency range of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal is determined;

[0008] According to the orthogonal design frequency band and Hooke's equation of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the target accuracy of response extraction is determined, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix;

[0009] According to the minimum number, frequency range, orthogonal design frequency band and scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix is determined.

[0010] The embodiment of the present application also provides a scanning matrix determination device for accurately determining a scanning signal, improving reliability of inversion geology information extraction, and ensuring authenticity of geology information in seismic exploration.

[0011] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal orthogonal design frequency band determination module is configured to stimulate and test simple harmonics with the same scanning length within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, and determine the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio as the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal according to the test result.

[0012] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal scanning length determination module is configured to stimulate and test simple harmonics with different scanning lengths according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, determine the similarity and signal-to-noise ratio of the observation value received by the sensor and the scanning signal according to the test result, select the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and signal-to-noise ratio to the scanning signal, and determine the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal.

[0013] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal frequency range determination module is configured to determine the frequency range of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal according to the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal.

[0014] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal quantity determination module is configured to determine the minimum orthogonal excitation signal quantity required to meet the extraction response target accuracy according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal and the Hooke's equation, and determine the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix as the minimum orthogonal excitation signal quantity.

[0015] The orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix determination module is configured to determine the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix according to the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signals, the frequency range, the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length.

[0016] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the processor implements the scanning matrix determination method when executing the computer program.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the scanning matrix determination method.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the scanning matrix determination method.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the harmonic wave of the same scanning length is excited and tested within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is determined as the orthogonal design frequency band of the harmonic wave scanning signal according to the test result; the harmonic wave of different scanning lengths is excited and tested according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the harmonic wave scanning signal, the similarity and the signal-to-noise ratio of the observation value received by the sensor to the scanning signal are determined according to the test result, the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and the highest signal-to-noise ratio is selected as the scanning length of the harmonic wave scanning signal; the frequency range of the harmonic wave scanning signal is determined according to the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length of the harmonic wave scanning signal; the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction response target accuracy is determined according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the harmonic wave scanning signal and the Hooke equation, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of harmonic wave scanning signals in the orthogonal harmonic wave scanning matrix; the orthogonal harmonic wave scanning matrix is accurately determined according to the minimum number of harmonic wave scanning signals, the frequency range, the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length, the reliability of the inversion geological information extraction is improved, and the authenticity of the geological information in the seismic exploration is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 The flow chart of the determination method of the scanning matrix in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 The equivalent scanning signal composed of the orthogonal single frequency in series in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 The underground response graph simulated by the random number in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 The conventional scanning signal graph in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 The force signal T-F spectrum comparison of the scanning signal and the harmonic interference simulation in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 The deconvolution result graph of the conventional scanning signal in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7The deconvolution result of the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning signal in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the determination device of the scanning matrix in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present application more clear and explicit, the embodiment of the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings. Herein, the schematic embodiment of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, but not as the limitation of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 The flow chart of the determination method of the scanning matrix in the embodiment of the present application, the method comprises:

[0031] Step 101, within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, the simple harmonic with the same scanning length is tested, and the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is determined as the orthogonal design frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal according to the test result;

[0032] Step 102, according to the orthogonal design frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal, the simple harmonic with different scanning lengths is tested, the similarity and the signal-to-noise ratio of the observation value received by the sensor to the scanning signal are determined according to the test result, the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and the highest signal-to-noise ratio to the scanning signal is selected, and the scanning length is determined as the scanning length of the simple harmonic scanning signal;

[0033] Step 103, according to the orthogonal design frequency range and the scanning length of the simple harmonic scanning signal, the frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal is determined;

[0034] Step 104, according to the orthogonal design frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal and the Hooke equation, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction response target accuracy is determined, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix;

[0035] Step 105, according to the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals, the frequency range, the orthogonal design frequency range and the scanning length, the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix is determined.

[0036] Each step is described in detail below.

[0037] In step 101, within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, the simple harmonic with the same scanning length is tested, and the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is determined as the orthogonal design frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal according to the test result.

[0038] In an embodiment, it further comprises:

[0039] During the excitation test, the observation value received by the sensor is determined according to the excitation signal.

[0040] The observation value is calculated according to the following formula:

[0041] f(t) = ξ(τ) * r x e μt + n;

[0042] Wherein f(t) is the observation value received by the sensor, ξ(τ) is the excitation signal, r is the wave impedance, e μt is the comprehensive response of the geological body including spherical diffusion, is a nonlinear attenuation term, μ is a spatial variable, t is the response time, and n is the environmental noise.

[0043] In specific embodiments, the propagation of the excitation signal (near-field wavelet) can be regarded as two systems, one is an active system and the other is a passive system. The process of the excitation signal is the active system, such as the blasting force generated by the explosive. Once the type of explosive is fixed and the amount of explosive is fixed, it is a fixed mechanism of action. The different responses of different surrounding rocks to the blasting energy are different, and the source scanning is also different. Different surface conditions form different responses, making the near-field wave form variable and difficult to accurately determine. As a passive system, its response to the active system is only a transmission function, a transmission with passive system characteristics. This transmission process can be represented by the observation value received by the sensor.

[0044] In step 102, the simple harmonic waves of different scanning lengths are excited and tested according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, the similarity and signal-to-noise ratio of the observation value received by the sensor to the scanning signal are determined according to the test results, the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and the highest signal-to-noise ratio to the scanning signal is selected, and the scanning length is determined as the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal.

[0045] In specific embodiments, according to the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, the orthogonal simple harmonic waves of the same scanning length are excited and tested at a certain scanning interval, the test results are analyzed, and the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is determined as the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal.

[0046] In step 103, the frequency range of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal is determined according to the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal.

[0047] In an embodiment, determining the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix further includes:

[0048] Within the frequency range of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, the simple harmonic wave scanning signals of different frequencies without multiple relationships are selected to determine the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix.

[0049] In specific embodiments, if the 20-60Hz is the frequency band range with the highest signal-to-noise ratio in the exploration area, and considering the orthogonal requirement of harmonic interference, the frequency selection for constructing the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix should satisfy that the end frequency is less than one time of the start frequency, so that 20-39.9Hz or 30-59.9Hz can be actually selected.

[0050] In step 104, according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic scanning signal and the Hooke's equation, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target is determined, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix.

[0051] In an embodiment, according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic scanning signal and the Hooke's equation, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target is determined, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix.

[0052] The seismic data of the same path is deconvolved and stacked using the simple harmonic scanning signal with the orthogonal design frequency band.

[0053] The deconvolution and stacking results are compared with the seismic data, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target is determined according to the comparison results and the Hooke's equation.

[0054] In specific embodiments, the same point vibrates, and after deconvolution, the seismic data of the same path is stacked and fitted in the orthogonal design frequency band determined by the simple harmonic scanning signal. According to the comparison between the deconvolution stacking or fitting results and the logging data or the horizontal stacking data, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target is determined, which is the minimum number of elements in the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix. Then, the scanning signal is designed according to the determined minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target. If 10 scanning signals are required, 10 simple harmonics with different frequencies are randomly selected from the frequency of the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix in the range of 20-39.9Hz, or the 10 scanning signals can be designed with equal steps.

[0055] In step 105, the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix is determined according to the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals, the frequency range, the orthogonal design frequency band, and the scanning length.

[0056] In an embodiment, after the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix is determined according to the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals, the frequency range, the orthogonal design frequency band, and the scanning length, the method further includes:

[0057] A plurality of simple harmonics are concatenated together, and the scanning of the plurality of simple harmonics is completed by one scanning.

[0058] In specific embodiments, since the single scanning length of the simple harmonic wave can be short, in order to improve the excitation efficiency, a plurality of simple harmonic waves can be connected in series to form a plurality of scanning of the simple harmonic waves completed in one scanning, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0059] According to the embodiment of the present application, simulation experiments are carried out, and the scanning signals obtained by the conventional method are compared. In the prior art, the bottleneck of using the deconvolution method to extract geological information is that the excitation signal cannot be accurately obtained, which limits the direct use of the inversion method to extract rock physical parameters in seismic exploration, so as to obtain the required geological information; however, the conventional seismic exploration method has low accuracy and is not faithful. Now, a random sequence is used to replace the response of the underground geological body, and is convolved with the scanning signal and the force signal respectively to obtain the record before the conventional scanning correlation, as shown in Figures 3 to 7 . It is found by comparison that the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix solves the bottleneck problem of affecting the deconvolution extraction of geological information due to the inability to accurately obtain the excitation signal.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, a scanning matrix determination device is also provided, as described in the following embodiment. Since the principle of solving the problem of the device is similar to the method of determining the scanning matrix, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again. As shown in Figure 8 , the device comprises:

[0061] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal orthogonal design frequency band determination module 801 is configured to perform excitation test on the simple harmonic waves with the same scanning length within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, and determine the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio as the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal according to the test result;

[0062] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal scanning length determination module 802 is configured to perform excitation test on the simple harmonic waves with different scanning lengths according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, and determine the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and the highest signal-to-noise ratio between the observation value received by the sensor and the scanning signal, and determine the scanning length as the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal;

[0063] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal frequency range determination module 803 is configured to determine the frequency range of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal according to the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal;

[0064] The simple harmonic wave scanning signal number determination module 804 is configured to determine the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal and the Hooke's equation, and determine the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals as the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix;

[0065] The orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix determination module 805 is configured to determine an orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix according to the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signals, a frequency range, an orthogonal design frequency range, and a scanning length.

[0066] In an embodiment, the method further comprises an observation value determination module configured to:

[0067] In the process of performing excitation testing, an observation value received by the sensor is determined according to the excitation signal.

[0068] In an embodiment, the observation value is calculated according to the following formula:

[0069] f(t) = ξ(τ) * r x e μt + n;

[0070] Wherein f(t) is an observation value received by the sensor, ξ(τ) is an excitation signal, r is wave impedance, e μt is a comprehensive response of a geological body including spherical diffusion, is a nonlinear attenuation term, μ is a spatial variable, t is a response time, and n is environmental noise.

[0071] In an embodiment, the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix determination module 805 is further configured to:

[0072] In the frequency range of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, simple harmonic wave scanning signals of different frequencies without a multiple relationship are selected to determine the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix.

[0073] In an embodiment, the simple harmonic wave scanning signal number determination module 804 is configured to:

[0074] The simple harmonic wave scanning signals of the orthogonal design frequency range are used to perform deconvolution and stacking processing on seismic data of the same path;

[0075] The deconvolution and stacking results are compared with seismic data, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction response target accuracy is determined according to the comparison results and Hooke's equation.

[0076] In an embodiment, the method further comprises a simple harmonic wave concatenation module configured to:

[0077] The multiple simple harmonic waves are concatenated together, and scanning of the multiple simple harmonic waves is completed through one scanning.

[0078] Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned scanning matrix determination method when executing the computer program.

[0079] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the method for determining the scanning matrix.

[0080] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the method for determining the scanning matrix.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the harmonic waves with the same scanning length are excited and tested within the stable output frequency band range of the controllable source, and the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is determined as the orthogonal design frequency band of the harmonic scanning signal according to the test result; the harmonic waves with different scanning lengths are excited and tested according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the harmonic scanning signal, and the similarity and the signal-to-noise ratio of the observation values received by the sensor to the scanning signal are determined according to the test result, the scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity and the highest signal-to-noise ratio is selected as the scanning length of the harmonic scanning signal; the frequency range of the harmonic scanning signal is determined according to the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length of the harmonic scanning signal; the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the extraction accuracy of the response target is determined according to the orthogonal design frequency band and the Hooke equation of the harmonic scanning signal, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of the harmonic scanning signals in the orthogonal harmonic scanning matrix; and the orthogonal harmonic scanning matrix is accurately determined according to the minimum number of the harmonic scanning signals, the frequency range, the orthogonal design frequency band and the scanning length, so that the reliability of the inversion geological information extraction is improved, and the authenticity of the geological information in the seismic exploration is ensured.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0083] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, device (system), and computer program product according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or other programmable data processing devices produce a device that implements the functions described in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.Figure 1 apparatuses that implement the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1

[0084] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the flowchart Figure 1 apparatuses that implement the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1

[0085] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions that are executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the flowchart Figure 1 apparatuses that implement the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1

[0086] The above specific embodiments, the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above described only for the specific embodiments of the present application, and not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application, should be included within the scope of protection of the present application.​​​

Claims

1. A method for determining a scanning matrix, characterized in that, include: Within the stable output frequency band of the controllable seismic source, simple harmonic waves with the same scan length are excited and tested. Based on the test results, the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is determined as the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal. Based on the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal, excitation tests are conducted on simple harmonic waves with different scanning lengths. Based on the test results, the similarity and signal-to-noise ratio between the observation value received by the sensor and the scanning signal are determined. The scanning length corresponding to the observation value with the highest similarity to the scanning signal and the highest signal-to-noise ratio is selected as the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal. The frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal is determined based on the orthogonal design frequency band and scanning length of the simple harmonic scanning signal. Based on the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic scanning signal and the Hooke equation, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the target accuracy of the extracted response is determined, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals is determined as the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix. Determine the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix based on the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals, frequency range, orthogonal design frequency band, and scanning length; Based on the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic scanning signal and the Hooke's equation, the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the target accuracy of the extracted response is determined, including: Using orthogonal design frequency band simple harmonic wave scanning signals, seismic data along the same path are deconvolved and superimposed. The deconvolution and stacking results are compared with seismic data, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the target accuracy of the extracted response is determined based on the comparison results and the Hooke equation. Determining the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix also includes: Within the frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal, select simple harmonic scanning signals of different frequencies that have no multiple relationship, and determine the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: During the excitation test, the observed values ​​received by the sensor are determined based on the excitation signal.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Calculate the observed values ​​using the following formula: ； in These are the observations received by the sensor. It is the excitation signal, and r is the wave impedance. It is the comprehensive response of the geological body, including spherical diffusion, and is a nonlinear attenuation term. For spatial variables, Let n be the response time and n be the ambient noise level.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix based on the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals, frequency range, orthogonal design frequency band, and scanning length, the following steps are also included: Multiple simple harmonic waves are connected in series, and the scanning of multiple simple harmonic waves is completed in one scan.

5. A device for determining a scanning matrix, characterized in that, include: The module for determining the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal is used to excite and test simple harmonic waves with the same scanning length within the stable output frequency band of a controllable vibration source, and determine the frequency band with the highest signal-to-noise ratio as the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal based on the test results. The module for determining the scanning length of a simple harmonic wave scanning signal is used to excite and test simple harmonic waves with different scanning lengths according to the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal. Based on the test results, it determines the similarity and signal-to-noise ratio between the observed value received by the sensor and the scanning signal, and selects the scanning length corresponding to the observed value with the highest similarity and the highest signal-to-noise ratio as the scanning length of the simple harmonic wave scanning signal. The module for determining the frequency range of a simple harmonic scanning signal is used to determine the frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal based on the orthogonal design frequency band and scanning length of the simple harmonic scanning signal. The module for determining the number of simple harmonic scanning signals is used to determine the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the target accuracy of the extraction response based on the orthogonal design frequency band of the simple harmonic scanning signal and the Hooke equation, and to determine the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals as the minimum number of simple harmonic scanning signals in the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix. The orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix determination module is used to determine the orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix based on the minimum number of simple harmonic wave scanning signals, frequency range, orthogonal design frequency band, and scanning length. The module for determining the number of simple harmonic scanning signals is specifically used for: Using orthogonal design frequency band simple harmonic wave scanning signals, seismic data along the same path are deconvolved and superimposed. The deconvolution and stacking results are compared with seismic data, and the minimum number of orthogonal excitation signals required to meet the target accuracy of the extracted response is determined based on the comparison results and the Hooke equation. The orthogonal simple harmonic wave scanning matrix determination module is also used for: Within the frequency range of the simple harmonic scanning signal, select simple harmonic scanning signals of different frequencies that have no multiple relationship, and determine the orthogonal simple harmonic scanning matrix.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an observation determination module, which is specifically used for: During the excitation test, the observed values ​​received by the sensor are determined based on the excitation signal.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, Calculate the observed values ​​using the following formula: ； in These are the observations received by the sensor. It is the excitation signal, and r is the wave impedance. It is the comprehensive response of the geological body, including spherical diffusion, and is a nonlinear attenuation term. For spatial variables, Let n be the response time and n be the ambient noise level.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a simple harmonic cascading module, specifically used for: Multiple simple harmonic waves are connected in series, and the scanning of multiple simple harmonic waves is completed in one scan.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

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