Hot spot generation probability determination method, hot spot generation reason analysis method, device and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a hot spot generation probability determination method, a hot spot generation reason analysis method, devices and equipment. The method comprises the following steps: determining a photovoltaic module and a to-be-installed place of the photovoltaic module; determining first information of the photovoltaic module and second information of a to-be-installed place; determining a battery piece factor of heating of the photovoltaic module based on the first information, determining an environmental factor of a to-be-installed place causing heating of the photovoltaic module based on the second information, and determining a to-be-installed place of the photovoltaic module based on the first information and the second information. Determining an abnormal installation factor of heating caused by abnormal installation of the photovoltaic module at the to-be-installed place and a shielding factor of heating caused by shielding; and based on the cell factors, the environmental factors, the abnormal installation factors and the shielding factors, determining the hot spot generation probability of the photovoltaic module at the to-be-installed place. By adopting the method, the hot spot generation probability of the photovoltaic module at the to-be-installed site can be accurately determined based on the first information of the photovoltaic module and the second information of the to-be-installed site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation, a method, device and equipment for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy, the development and utilization of photovoltaic energy has received extensive attention. As the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system, the performance and life of photovoltaic modules are directly related to the stability and working efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power generation system.

[0003] However, in the long-term operation of photovoltaic modules, the hot spot effect has become one of the important factors affecting the power generation performance and life of photovoltaic modules. If photovoltaic modules work under hot spot conditions for a long time, it will not only affect the power generation performance and life of photovoltaic modules, but also cause safety hazards such as partial burning of photovoltaic modules if the heating temperature exceeds a certain limit. Obviously, it is crucial to assess the probability of hot spots in photovoltaic modules under outdoor conditions in advance. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a hot spot probability determination method, hot spot cause analysis method, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product that can accurately determine the probability of hot spot generation at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation, which is applied to a photovoltaic system, comprising:

[0006] Determine the PV modules and the locations where the PV modules are to be installed;

[0007] Determining first information of the photovoltaic component and second information of the location to be installed;

[0008] Determine the cell factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installation location causing heating of the photovoltaic module based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module due to abnormal installation at the installation location and the shielding factor causing heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information;

[0009] Based on cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors, the probability of hot spots occurring at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed is determined.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for analyzing the causes of hot spots, which is applied to photovoltaic systems and includes:

[0011] Identify installed PV panels and installed locations where PV panels have been installed;

[0012] Determining first information of installed photovoltaic components and second information of installed locations;

[0013] Determine the cell factor causing the installed photovoltaic assembly to heat up based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installed location causing the installed photovoltaic assembly to heat up based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the installed photovoltaic assembly to heat up due to abnormal installation at the installed location and the shielding factor causing the heat up due to shielding based on the first information and the second information;

[0014] Based on the cell factors of the installed PV modules, the environmental factors of the installed site, the abnormal installation factors between the installed PV modules and the installed site, and the shielding factors of the abnormal installation factors between the installed PV modules and the installed site, the causes of hot spots of the installed PV modules at the installed site are determined.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a device for determining the probability of hot spot generation, which is applied to a photovoltaic system, comprising:

[0016] A first determination module is used to determine the photovoltaic modules and the locations where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed;

[0017] A second determination module, used to determine first information of the photovoltaic assembly and second information of the location to be installed;

[0018] A third determination module is used to determine the cell factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installation location causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the installation location and the shielding factor causing the heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information;

[0019] The fourth determination module is used to determine the probability of hot spots occurring at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed based on the cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a device for analyzing the causes of hot spots, which is applied to a photovoltaic system and includes:

[0021] A first analysis module, for determining installed photovoltaic modules and installed locations of the installed photovoltaic modules;

[0022] A second analysis module is used to determine first information of installed photovoltaic components and second information of installed locations;

[0023] A third analysis module is used to determine the cell factor causing the heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installed location causing the heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the installed location and the shielding factor causing the heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information;

[0024] The fourth analysis module is used to determine the cause of hot spots of the installed photovoltaic components at the installation location based on the cell factors of the installed photovoltaic components, the environmental factors of the installation location, the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic components and the installation location, and the shielding factors of the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic components and the installation location.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements part or all of the steps described in any method of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application when executing the computer program.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements some or all of the steps described in any method of the second aspect of the present application.

[0027] In a seventh aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps described in any method of the first aspect of the present application.

[0028] In an eighth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps described in any method of the second aspect of the present application.

[0029] In a ninth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements part or all of the steps described in any method of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] In a tenth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements part or all of the steps described in any method of the second aspect of the present application.

[0031] The above-mentioned method for determining the probability of hot spot generation, method for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product determine the photovoltaic module and the location to be installed of the photovoltaic module; determine the first information of the photovoltaic module and the second information of the location to be installed; determine the cell factor that causes the photovoltaic module to generate heat based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the location to be installed that causes the photovoltaic module to generate heat based on the second information, and, based on the first information and the second information, determine the abnormal installation factor that causes the photovoltaic module to generate heat due to abnormal installation at the location to be installed and the shielding factor that causes the photovoltaic module to generate heat due to being shielded; determine the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic module at the location to be installed based on the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shielding factor. The method for determining the probability of hot spot generation provided by the embodiment of the present application can determine the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shielding factor that may cause the photovoltaic module to generate hot spots based on the first information of the photovoltaic module and the second information of the location to be installed, thereby accurately determining the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic module at the location to be installed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A diagram showing an application environment of a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of a device for determining the probability of hot spot generation in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of a device for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 is an internal structure diagram of a computer device in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0041] The method for determining the probability of hot spot generation provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to Figure 1 In the application environment shown, specifically, Figure 1 The application environment shown can be an application environment of a photovoltaic system. Among them, the terminal 102 communicates with the server 104 through the network. The data storage system can store the data that the server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated on the server 104, or it can be placed on the cloud or other network servers. Among them, the terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smart phones, tablet computers, Internet of Things devices and portable wearable devices. The Internet of Things devices can be smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart car devices, projection devices, etc. Portable wearable devices can be smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. The head-mounted device can be a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, smart glasses, etc. The server 104 can be an independent physical server, or it can be a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or it can be a cloud server that provides cloud computing services.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation is provided, which is applied to photovoltaic systems. Figure 1 The terminal in the example is used to illustrate, including the following steps 202 to 208. Among them:

[0043] Step 202, determining photovoltaic modules and locations where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed.

[0044] Among them, photovoltaic modules, also known as solar panels, are devices that convert sunlight into electrical energy. Photovoltaic modules are made up of multiple cells connected in series or parallel to provide the required voltage and current. Photovoltaic modules are the core components of solar power generation systems and are widely used in residential, commercial and large-scale power stations.

[0045] Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, are the basic energy conversion units in photovoltaic modules. Solar cells are made of semiconductor materials (for example, silicon). When light shines on the solar cells, the electrons in the semiconductor materials are excited, generating current. The working principle of solar cells is based on the photoelectric effect, that is, after the photon energy is absorbed by the semiconductor material, the excited electrons jump from the valence band to the conduction band, forming free electrons and holes, which in turn generate current in the circuit.

[0046] The site to be installed refers to a specific geographical location where the photovoltaic module is planned to be installed. Optionally, the site to be installed may be a roof, ground, wall or other structural surface of a building, or a photovoltaic array site specially designed for the purpose of installing photovoltaic modules.

[0047] Optionally, the photovoltaic system used in this embodiment can be an application system for comprehensive management of photovoltaic modules. Exemplarily, the photovoltaic system used in this embodiment can be used to determine the probability of hot spot generation of photovoltaic modules to be installed at the location to be installed, and can also be used to analyze the causes of hot spot generation of installed photovoltaic modules at the installed location, and can also be used to monitor the performance parameters of photovoltaic modules in operation in real time, and can also perform other management work on photovoltaic modules. Thus, the photovoltaic system can not only ensure that photovoltaic modules can provide clean energy, but also ensure that photovoltaic modules can operate with high efficiency, high safety and high reliability.

[0048] Step 204 , determining first information of the photovoltaic assembly and second information of the location to be installed.

[0049] The first information of the photovoltaic module refers to data information related to the characteristics of the photovoltaic module itself.

[0050] Exemplarily, the first information of a photovoltaic module may include photovoltaic module information such as cell characteristics and module structure; cell characteristics may include materials, efficiency, manufacturing defects, electrical performance parameters, etc. of the cells in the photovoltaic module; the module structure may include the physical structure, area size, cell arrangement, packaging materials, etc. of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] The second information of the site to be installed refers to data information related to the characteristics of the site to be installed of the photovoltaic module.

[0052] Exemplarily, the second information of the site to be installed may include geographical location, climatic conditions, solar radiation data, shading conditions and other information of the installation site; the geographical location may include longitude and latitude, altitude, topography, etc., the climatic conditions may include ambient temperature, precipitation, etc., the solar radiation data may include annual / daily average solar radiation, sunshine duration, solar radiation angle, etc., the shading conditions may include surrounding buildings, trees, bird droppings and other obstructions that may cause shading to the solar cells of the photovoltaic modules, as well as the duration and degree of shading.

[0053] Step 206, determining the cell factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module based on the first information, determining the environmental factor of the installation site causing heating of the photovoltaic module based on the second information, and determining the abnormal installation factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module due to abnormal installation at the installation site and the obstruction factor causing heating due to obstruction based on the first information and the second information.

[0054] Among them, the cell factor refers to the probability that the manufacturing process or electrical performance parameters of the cell itself in the photovoltaic module will cause the photovoltaic module to produce hot spots. The manufacturing process of the cell itself that causes the photovoltaic module to produce hot spots may include cracks, broken grids, black cores and other process conditions, and the electrical performance parameters of the cell itself that cause the photovoltaic module to produce hot spots may include the parameter conditions where the temperature of the hot spot caused by the concentrated leakage of the cell is higher than the preset temperature.

[0055] It is easy to understand that the cell factor is only inherently correlated with the photovoltaic module itself, but not with the location to be installed, that is, no matter where the photovoltaic module is installed, the cell factor of the photovoltaic module is the same. Therefore, the cell factor that causes the photovoltaic module to heat up is determined based on the first information of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] Environmental factors refer to the probability of hot spots in photovoltaic modules caused by the temperature and irradiation intensity conditions at the location where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed. The temperature and irradiation intensity conditions at the location where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed will affect the operating temperature and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic modules, and thus, will affect the probability of hot spots in the photovoltaic modules.

[0057] It is easy to understand that since the environmental factors are inherently related only to the site to be installed, but not to the photovoltaic modules, that is, any photovoltaic modules installed at the same site to be installed will have the same environmental factors. Therefore, the environmental factors that cause the photovoltaic modules to heat up are determined based on the second information of the site to be installed.

[0058] Abnormal installation factors refer to the probability of hot spots on photovoltaic modules due to various abnormal installation conditions that fail to comply with the installation requirements and conditions specified in national and industry standards during the installation of photovoltaic modules. Abnormal installation conditions may include, but are not limited to, inappropriate spacing between modules, inappropriate installation angles, non-compliant relative positions with surrounding structures, and the presence of buildings or environmental factors that may block the sunlight shining on photovoltaic modules. Abnormal installation conditions may cause the performance of photovoltaic modules to decline and increase the risk of hot spots, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of photovoltaic modules. Based on this, the size of abnormal installation factors is positively correlated with the probability of hot spots on photovoltaic modules.

[0059] The shielding factor refers to the probability of a photovoltaic module generating a hot spot during operation at the location to be installed, due to the solar cells in the photovoltaic module being shielded by shielding objects at the location to be installed. The shielding objects at the location to be installed may include trees, bird droppings, etc. at the location to be installed. These shielding objects themselves have a certain shielding area, and will produce different shielding effects on solar cells of different areas, thereby affecting the amount of light received by the photovoltaic module and causing the solar cells to generate local heating to form hot spots.

[0060] It is easy to understand that, since the abnormal installation factor and the shielding factor are correlated with the cell area of ​​the photovoltaic module, they are also correlated with the area of ​​the shielding at the installation site. That is to say, different photovoltaic modules installed in the same installation site will have different abnormal installation factors and shielding factors, and the same photovoltaic module installed in different installation sites will also have different abnormal installation factors and shielding factors. Therefore, the abnormal installation factor that causes the photovoltaic module to heat up due to abnormal installation at the installation site and the shielding factor that causes the photovoltaic module to heat up due to being shielded are jointly determined by the first information of the photovoltaic module and the second information of the installation site.

[0061] Step 208, based on the cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors, determine the probability of hot spots occurring at the location where the photovoltaic assembly is to be installed.

[0062] The probability of hot spot generation refers to the probability that some cells in a photovoltaic module will generate hot spots with a temperature higher than a preset temperature. Optionally, since a hot spot temperature higher than 180°C will have an adverse effect on the reliability and welding performance of the photovoltaic module, the preset temperature may be 180°C. It is easy to understand that the magnitude of the hot spot generation probability is negatively correlated with the safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0063] Optionally, the probability of hot spots occurring in photovoltaic modules at the location to be installed can be determined based on the product of cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shading factors, or can be determined based on the sum of cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shading factors.

[0064] Optionally, after determining the probability of hot spots occurring at the location where the photovoltaic components are to be installed, an installation optimization strategy for the photovoltaic components can be determined specifically based on the magnitude of the hot spot probability; further, an installation optimization strategy for the photovoltaic components can be determined specifically based on factors that lead to a higher probability of hot spots occurring, and the factors that lead to a higher probability of hot spots occurring may refer to the factor with the largest value among the cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shading factors, or may refer to at least one factor among the cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shading factors whose value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0065] Exemplarily, when the factor that leads to a high probability of hot spots is the factor with the largest value among the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shielding factor, then, when the cell factor is the factor with the largest value, the photovoltaic module is replaced with cells with different manufacturing processes or electrical performance parameters to reduce the size of the cell factor and avoid the risk of excessive probability of hot spots; when the environmental factor is the factor with the largest value, the installation site is changed to reduce the size of the environmental factor and avoid the risk of excessive probability of hot spots; when the abnormal installation factor is the factor with the largest value, the installation method of each cell in the photovoltaic module is optimized to reduce the size of the abnormal installation factor and avoid the risk of excessive probability of hot spots; when the shielding factor is the factor with the largest value, the installation site is changed or cells of different sizes are replaced to reduce the size of the shielding factor and avoid the risk of excessive probability of hot spots.

[0066] Exemplarily, when the factor that leads to a higher probability of hot spots is at least one factor among the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shading factor whose value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, then a corresponding installation optimization strategy may be adopted based on at least one factor whose value is greater than or equal to the first preset numerical threshold. For example, assuming that the cell factor and the environmental factor are both greater than or equal to the preset threshold, then when replacing the photovoltaic module with cells having different manufacturing processes or electrical performance parameters, the installation location is also changed to reduce the size of the environmental factors and avoid the risk of excessive probability of hot spots. The same is true for other situations and they are not elaborated here.

[0067] In the above-mentioned method for determining the probability of hot spot generation, the photovoltaic module and the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed are determined; first information of the photovoltaic module and second information of the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed are determined; the cell factor causing the photovoltaic module to generate heat is determined based on the first information, and the environmental factor of the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed that causes the photovoltaic module to generate heat is determined based on the second information; and, based on the first information and the second information, the abnormal installation factor causing the photovoltaic module to generate heat due to abnormal installation at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed and the shielding factor causing the photovoltaic module to generate heat due to being blocked are determined; based on the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shielding factor, the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic module at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed is determined. The method for determining the probability of hot spot generation provided in the embodiment of the present application can determine the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shielding factor that may cause the photovoltaic module to generate hot spots based on the first information of the photovoltaic module and the second information of the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed, thereby accurately determining the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic module at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-mentioned determining the cell factor of the photovoltaic assembly heating based on the first information includes:

[0069] Based on the first information, determining a proportion of first cells in the photovoltaic module whose hot spot temperature meets a preset temperature condition;

[0070] Based on the first cell ratio, a cell factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module is determined.

[0071] The preset temperature condition may be that the hot spot temperature is greater than or equal to 180° C. Thus, the hot spot temperature satisfying the preset temperature condition means that the hot spot temperature is greater than or equal to 180° C. Further, the first cell ratio may be the cell ratio of the hot spot temperature of the leakage collector in the photovoltaic module that meets the preset temperature condition.

[0072] Optionally, the first cell ratio can be determined based on the cell characteristics in the first information; the first cell ratio can also be obtained by actual test data of a hot spot experiment on the cells of the photovoltaic module. Since the actual test data of the photovoltaic module depends on the cell characteristics, it can be understood at this time that it is determined based on the cell characteristics in the first information.

[0073] It is easy to understand that the higher the hot spot temperature of the cell, the more likely the photovoltaic module will have a hot spot phenomenon. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between the first cell ratio and the cell factor.

[0074] For example, if the first battery cell ratio is 15%, the battery cell factor is 0.15 or 15%.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first cell ratio of the hot spot temperature in the photovoltaic module that meets the preset temperature condition is determined based on the first information, and then the cell factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic module is determined based on the first cell ratio. Thus, by accurately determining the cell factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic module, the accuracy and credibility of the determined probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic module at the location to be installed is ensured.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the environmental factors of the installation location that cause the photovoltaic assembly to generate heat, determined based on the second information, include:

[0077] Based on the second information, determining a first time proportion during which the ambient temperature of the installation location satisfies a preset temperature condition within one year, and determining a second time proportion during which the radiation intensity of the installation location satisfies a preset intensity condition within one year;

[0078] Based on the first time length ratio and the second time length ratio, environmental factors of the installation location that cause the photovoltaic assembly to heat up are determined.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the preset temperature condition is that the temperature is greater than or equal to 25° C., and the preset intensity condition is that the radiation intensity is greater than or equal to 900 W / m 2 .

[0080] Among them, the first duration ratio is determined by the site to be installed. Optionally, the first duration ratio can be determined based on the climate conditions in the second information of the site to be installed. Further, the climate conditions in the second information can be the approximate climate conditions obtained from the historical climate data of the site to be installed over a preset number of years. The second duration ratio is also determined by the site to be installed. Optionally, the second duration ratio can be determined based on the solar radiation data of the second information in the site to be installed. Further, the solar radiation data in the second information can be the approximate radiation data obtained from the historical radiation data of the site to be installed over a preset number of years. Exemplarily, the preset number of years can be 10 years.

[0081] Optionally, the first time ratio can be the ratio between the months in a year that meet the preset temperature conditions and the total months in a year, that is, the first time ratio = the months in a year in which the ambient temperature meets the preset temperature conditions / total months in a year, at this time, the ambient temperature refers to the average temperature within a month.

[0082] Optionally, the second duration ratio can be the ratio between the months in a year when the ambient temperature is higher than 25°C and the total months in a year, that is, the second duration ratio = the duration in which the radiation intensity meets the preset intensity condition in a year / total daytime duration throughout the year.

[0083] Specifically, since the higher the ambient temperature at the installation site, the photovoltaic modules will be more likely to produce hot spot phenomena, and therefore, there is a positive correlation between the first time ratio and environmental factors; similarly, since the greater the radiation intensity at the installation site, the photovoltaic modules will be more likely to produce hot spot phenomena, and therefore, there is a positive correlation between the second time ratio and environmental factors.

[0084] Optionally, the environmental factor of the installation site may be the product of the first duration ratio and the second duration ratio, that is, the environmental factor of the installation site=the first duration ratio*the second duration ratio.

[0085] Exemplarily, when the installation location is Tokyo, the months with an ambient temperature higher than 25°C in a year are June to September, and at this time the first time ratio = months with an ambient temperature higher than 25°C in a year / total months in a year = 4 / 12 = 0.33 (or expressed as 33%); when the installation location is Tokyo, there are 74 hours in a year when the radiation intensity is greater than or equal to 900W / m2, and at this time the second time ratio = time when the radiation intensity is greater than or equal to 900W / m2 in a year / total daytime hours throughout the year = 74h / (365*12h) = 0.0169 (or expressed as 1.69%); at this time, when the installation location is Tokyo, the environmental factors of the installation location = the first time ratio * the second time ratio = 0.33*0.0169 = 0.0056.

[0086] In the present embodiment, the environmental factors of the installation site that cause the photovoltaic components to heat up are determined by a first proportion of the time that the ambient temperature of the installation site meets the preset temperature condition within one year and a second proportion of the time that the radiation intensity of the installation site meets the preset intensity condition within one year. Thus, by accurately determining the environmental factors of the installation site that cause the photovoltaic components to heat up, the accuracy and credibility of the determined probability of hot spots occurring in the photovoltaic components at the installation site can be ensured.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-mentioned determination of abnormal installation factors that cause heating due to abnormal installation of photovoltaic components at the location to be installed and shielding factors that cause heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information includes:

[0088] Based on the first information, determining the arrangement of cells of the photovoltaic module;

[0089] Based on the second information, determining sunlight exposure conditions at the location to be installed;

[0090] Determine the proportion of second cells of the photovoltaic module that are not exposed to sunlight during a preset time period of the day based on the arrangement of cells of the photovoltaic module and the sunlight exposure at the location to be installed;

[0091] Based on the second cell ratio, determine the abnormal installation factors that cause the photovoltaic module to heat up;

[0092] Based on the first information and the second information, a shielding factor that causes heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to shielding at the location to be installed is determined.

[0093] The arrangement of the cells of the photovoltaic module includes the row-direction spacing of the cells in the row direction and the column-direction spacing of the cells in the column direction.

[0094] Optionally, the arrangement of cells of the photovoltaic module may be determined based on the module structure in the first information of the photovoltaic module.

[0095] Optionally, the sunlight exposure condition of the location to be installed may be determined based on the solar radiation data in the second information of the location to be installed.

[0096] Optionally, the preset time period may be a sunshine peak period in a day. Exemplarily, the preset time period may be a period from 9:00 to 15:00.

[0097] Specifically, the row and column spacings of the cells in the photovoltaic module should ensure that there is no blocking of each other from front to back and from left to right during the period of 9:00 to 15:00 every day. At the same time, the buildings in the installation site and the environmental landscape and green plantings around the buildings should not block the sunlight shining on the photovoltaic modules. Otherwise, there will be a probability of hot spots in the photovoltaic modules. This photovoltaic module installation method that leads to the probability of hot spots in the photovoltaic modules is non-standard and abnormal. Therefore, there is a negative correlation between the proportion of the second cell that is not exposed to sunlight and the abnormal installation factors.

[0098] Optionally, based on the arrangement of the cells of the photovoltaic module and the sunlight exposure at the location to be installed, the sunlight exposure of the photovoltaic module during a preset time period in a day can be simulated by sunlight exposure simulation software to determine the proportion of the second cells of the photovoltaic module that are not exposed to sunlight during the preset time period in a day. Exemplarily, the sunlight exposure simulation software can be PVsyst, pvLIB, SolarGIS, SketchUp with Sunlight Calculator or other software that can simulate the influence relationship between the sunlight exposure and the arrangement of the cells of the photovoltaic module.

[0099] In the present embodiment, the abnormal installation factors that cause heating of the photovoltaic module are based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic module cells and the sunlight exposure conditions at the installation site. Thus, by accurately determining the abnormal installation factors that cause heating of the photovoltaic module, the accuracy and credibility of the determined probability of hot spots occurring at the installation site of the photovoltaic module are ensured.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-mentioned determination of abnormal installation factors that cause heating due to abnormal installation of photovoltaic components at the location to be installed and shielding factors that cause heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information includes:

[0101] Based on the first information, determining the cell area and the cell aspect ratio of the photovoltaic module;

[0102] Based on the second information, determining the area distribution of the shielding objects at the location to be installed and the aspect ratio of the shielding objects;

[0103] When the area distribution satisfies the normal distribution condition and the aspect ratio of the obstruction is the same as the aspect ratio of the battery cell, the estimated area of ​​the obstruction is determined based on the normal distribution condition;

[0104] Based on the ratio between the estimated area of ​​the obstruction and the area of ​​the solar cell, determine the obstruction factor that causes the photovoltaic module to be blocked and cause heating at the location to be installed;

[0105] Based on the first information and the second information, an abnormal installation factor causing heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the location to be installed is determined.

[0106] The cell area and the cell aspect ratio of the photovoltaic module may be determined based on the module structure in the first information of the photovoltaic module.

[0107] Optionally, the area distribution of the shielding objects at the location to be installed and the aspect ratio of the shielding objects may be determined based on the shielding conditions at the location to be installed.

[0108] Optionally, the obstruction may be fallen leaves from trees at the location to be installed, bird droppings, or other objects that may obstruct the cells of the photovoltaic module.

[0109] For example, when the area distribution of the shielding objects at the installation site meets the normal distribution condition, it can be assumed that the mean of the estimated area of ​​the shielding objects is μ and the standard deviation is σ. In this way, the distribution of the estimated area of ​​the shielding objects can be described by the normal distribution.

[0110] Specifically, when some cells in a photovoltaic module are blocked by obstructions, the light received by these cells will be reduced, further leading to a decrease in the current and voltage they generate. As a result, these blocked cells need to consume the current generated by other cells that are not blocked by the obstructions like resistors. Furthermore, these blocked cells will generate heat and there is a probability of hot spots. Therefore, the ratio of the estimated area of ​​the obstruction to the cell area is positively correlated with the blocking factor.

[0111] It should be noted that if the number of cells blocked by the obstruction at the installation site is two or more, the reverse bias voltage will be divided at this time. Therefore, when the number of cells blocked is at least two, no hot spot phenomenon will occur. That is to say, the ratio between the estimated area of ​​the obstruction and the area of ​​the cell in this embodiment refers to the ratio between the estimated area of ​​the obstruction and the area of ​​a single cell blocked. That is to say, the obstruction factor in this embodiment refers to the probability of a single cell in a photovoltaic module being blocked.

[0112] In the present embodiment, the shielding factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module due to being blocked at the location to be installed is obtained by determining the estimated area of ​​the obstruction through the normal distribution condition and then determining it based on the ratio between the estimated area of ​​the obstruction and the area of ​​the battery cell, when the area distribution of the obstruction at the location to be installed satisfies the normal distribution condition and the aspect ratio of the obstruction is the same as the aspect ratio of the battery cell of the photovoltaic module. Thus, by accurately determining the shielding factor causing heating of the photovoltaic module due to being blocked at the location to be installed, the accuracy and credibility of the determined probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic module at the location to be installed is ensured.

[0113] In an exemplary embodiment, the above-mentioned determination of the probability of hot spots of photovoltaic modules at the location to be installed based on the cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors includes:

[0114] Based on the product of cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors, the probability of hot spots occurring at the location where the photovoltaic module is to be installed is determined.

[0115] Among them, the probability of hot spot generation = battery cell factor * environmental factor * abnormal installation factor * shielding factor.

[0116] Optionally, the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and occlusion factor may correspond to a cell weight, an environmental weight, an abnormal installation weight and an occlusion weight, respectively, so that by making reasonable weight allocations to the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and occlusion factor, the calculation process of the probability of hot spot generation may be made more targeted and flexible. Optionally, hot spot generation probability = (cell weight) (cell factor) * (environmental weight) (environmental factor) * (abnormal installation weight) (abnormal installation factor) * (occlusion weight) (occlusion factor).

[0117] In the present embodiment, the probability of hot spot generation of photovoltaic modules at the location to be installed is determined based on the product of cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors. Thus, the calculation of the probability of hot spot generation comprehensively considers the factors that may cause the photovoltaic modules to heat up, thereby ensuring that the determined probability of hot spot generation of photovoltaic modules at the location to be installed is accurate and reliable.

[0118] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0119] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a hot spot generation probability determination device for implementing the hot spot generation probability determination method involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above method, so the specific limitations in the embodiments of one or more hot spot generation probability determination devices provided below can refer to the limitations of the hot spot generation probability determination method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a device for determining the probability of hot spot generation is provided, which is applied to a photovoltaic system, and includes: a first determination module 302, a second determination module 304, a third determination module 306 and a fourth determination module 308, wherein:

[0121] A first determination module 302 is used to determine the photovoltaic components and the locations where the photovoltaic components are to be installed;

[0122] A second determination module 304 is used to determine first information of the photovoltaic assembly and second information of the location to be installed;

[0123] The third determination module 306 is used to determine the cell factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installation location causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the installation location and the shielding factor causing the heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information;

[0124] The fourth determination module 308 is used to determine the probability of hot spots occurring at the location where the photovoltaic assembly is to be installed based on the cell factors, environmental factors, abnormal installation factors and shielding factors.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment, the third determination module 306 is further used to determine the first cell ratio of the hot spot temperature in the photovoltaic module that meets the preset temperature condition based on the first information; based on the first cell ratio, determine the cell factor of the photovoltaic module heating.

[0126] In an exemplary embodiment, the third determination module 306 is also used to determine, based on the second information, a first time ratio during which the ambient temperature of the installation site meets the preset temperature condition within one year, and to determine a second time ratio during which the radiation intensity of the installation site meets the preset intensity condition within one year; based on the first time ratio and the second time ratio, determine the environmental factors of the installation site that cause the photovoltaic components to heat up.

[0127] In an exemplary embodiment, the preset temperature condition is that the temperature is greater than or equal to 25° C., and the preset intensity condition is that the radiation intensity is greater than or equal to 900 W / m 2 .

[0128] In an exemplary embodiment, the third determination module 306 is also used to determine the arrangement of cells of the photovoltaic module based on the first information; determine the sunlight exposure conditions at the installation site based on the second information; determine the proportion of second cells of the photovoltaic module that are not exposed to sunlight during a preset time period of the day based on the arrangement of cells of the photovoltaic module and the sunlight exposure conditions at the installation site; determine abnormal installation factors that cause heating of the photovoltaic module based on the proportion of second cells; and determine the shielding factors that cause heating of the photovoltaic module due to being blocked at the installation site based on the first information and the second information.

[0129] In an exemplary embodiment, the third determination module 306 is also used to determine the cell area and the aspect ratio of the photovoltaic module based on the first information; determine the area distribution of the obstruction and the aspect ratio of the obstruction at the installation site based on the second information; determine the estimated area of ​​the obstruction based on the normal distribution condition when the area distribution satisfies the normal distribution condition and the aspect ratio of the obstruction is the same as the aspect ratio of the cell; determine the obstruction factor causing the photovoltaic module to be blocked at the installation site and cause heat based on the ratio between the estimated area of ​​the obstruction and the cell area; determine the abnormal installation factor causing the photovoltaic module to be installed abnormally at the installation site and cause heat based on the first information and the second information.

[0130] In an exemplary embodiment, the fourth determination module 308 is further used to determine the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic assembly at the location to be installed based on the product of the cell factor, the environmental factor, the abnormal installation factor and the shielding factor.

[0131] Each module in the above-mentioned hot spot generation probability determination device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof. Each of the above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in a computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each of the above modules.

[0132] Based on the inventive concept corresponding to the method for determining the probability of hot spot generation provided in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation, which is applied to photovoltaic systems and can also be applied to Figure 1 In the application environment shown. Figure 4 As shown, this method is applied to Figure 1 The terminal in is taken as an example to illustrate, including the following steps 402 to 408. Among them:

[0133] Step 402 , determining installed photovoltaic modules and installed locations of the installed photovoltaic modules.

[0134] Among them, the installed photovoltaic modules have been installed in the installed location.

[0135] Step 404, determining the first information of the installed photovoltaic components and the second information of the installed location.

[0136] Step 406, determining the cell factor causing heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly based on the first information, determining the environmental factor of the installation location causing heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly based on the second information, and determining the abnormal installation factor causing heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the installation location and the obstruction factor causing heating due to obstruction based on the first information and the second information.

[0137] Step 408, based on the cell factors of the installed photovoltaic modules, the environmental factors of the installed location, the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic modules and the installed location, and the shielding factors of the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic modules and the installed location, determine the cause of the hot spots of the installed photovoltaic modules at the installed location.

[0138] Among them, the factor with the largest value among the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shading factor can be determined as the cause of the hot spot of the installed photovoltaic component at the installed location; or at least one factor among the cell factor, environmental factor, abnormal installation factor and shading factor whose value exceeds a second preset numerical threshold can be determined as the cause of the hot spot of the installed photovoltaic component at the installed location.

[0139] Optionally, the first preset numerical threshold may be the same as the second preset numerical threshold.

[0140] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, a hot spot generation cause analysis device is provided, which is applied to a photovoltaic system, and includes: a first analysis module 502, a second analysis module 504, a third analysis module 506 and a fourth analysis module 508, wherein:

[0141] A first analysis module 502 is used to determine installed photovoltaic components and installed locations of the installed photovoltaic components;

[0142] A second analysis module 504 is used to determine first information of installed photovoltaic components and second information of installed locations;

[0143] The third analysis module 506 is used to determine the cell factor causing the heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installed location causing the heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the heating of the installed photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the installed location and the shielding factor causing the heating due to shielding based on the first information and the second information;

[0144] The fourth analysis module 508 is used to determine the cause of hot spots of the installed photovoltaic components at the installation location based on the cell factors of the installed photovoltaic components, the environmental factors of the installation location, the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic components and the installation location, and the shielding factors of the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic components and the installation location.

[0145] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store photovoltaic module data. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation or a method for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation is implemented.

[0146] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit and an input device. Among them, the processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit and the input device are connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be implemented through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for determining the probability of hot spot generation or a method for analyzing the cause of hot spot generation is implemented. The display unit of the computer device is used to form a visually visible picture, which can be a display screen, a projection device or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device shell, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0148] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0149] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0150] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0151] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0152] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0153] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0154] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the probability of hot spot generation, characterized in that: Applied in a photovoltaic system, the method comprises: Determine the PV modules and the locations where the PV modules are to be installed; Determining first information of the photovoltaic assembly and second information of the location to be installed; Determine the cell factor causing the photovoltaic assembly to heat up based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installation location causing the photovoltaic assembly to heat up based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the photovoltaic assembly to heat up due to abnormal installation at the installation location and the shielding factor causing the photovoltaic assembly to heat up based on the first information and the second information; Based on the cell factor, the environmental factor, the abnormal installation factor and the shielding factor, the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic assembly at the location to be installed is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining the cell factor of the photovoltaic assembly heating based on the first information includes: Based on the first information, determining a proportion of first cells in the photovoltaic module whose hot spot temperature meets a preset temperature condition; Based on the first cell ratio, a cell factor causing heat generation of the photovoltaic module is determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, based on the second information, the environmental factors of the installation location that cause the photovoltaic assembly to generate heat, includes: Based on the second information, determining a first time proportion during which the ambient temperature of the location to be installed meets a preset temperature condition within one year, and determining a second time proportion during which the radiation intensity of the location to be installed meets a preset intensity condition within one year; Based on the first time ratio and the second time ratio, environmental factors of the installation location that cause the photovoltaic component to generate heat are determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The preset temperature condition is that the temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, and the preset intensity condition is that the radiation intensity is greater than or equal to 900W / m 2 .

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, based on the first information and the second information, of abnormal installation factors causing heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the location to be installed and shielding factors causing heating due to shielding, includes: Based on the first information, determining a cell arrangement of the photovoltaic module; Based on the second information, determining sunlight exposure conditions of the location to be installed; Based on the arrangement of the cells of the photovoltaic module and the sunlight exposure at the location to be installed, determining the proportion of the second cells of the photovoltaic module that are not exposed to sunlight during a preset time period within a day; Based on the second cell ratio, determining an abnormal installation factor causing heating of the photovoltaic assembly; Based on the first information and the second information, a shielding factor causing the photovoltaic component to be shielded at the location to be installed and cause heating is determined.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, based on the first information and the second information, of abnormal installation factors causing heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the location to be installed and shielding factors causing heating due to shielding, includes: Based on the first information, determining a cell area and a cell aspect ratio of the photovoltaic module; Based on the second information, determining the area distribution of the shielding objects at the location to be installed and the aspect ratio of the shielding objects; When the area distribution satisfies a normal distribution condition and the aspect ratio of the obstruction is the same as the aspect ratio of the battery cell, determining an estimated area of ​​the obstruction based on the normal distribution condition; Based on the ratio between the estimated area of ​​the shielding object and the area of ​​the solar cell, determining the shielding factor that causes the photovoltaic assembly to be shielded and generate heat at the location to be installed; Based on the first information and the second information, an abnormal installation factor is determined, which indicates that the photovoltaic component is abnormally installed at the location to be installed, resulting in heating.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The determining, based on the cell factor, the environmental factor, the abnormal installation factor, and the shielding factor, the probability of hot spots of the photovoltaic assembly at the location to be installed includes: Based on the product of the cell factor, the environmental factor, the abnormal installation factor and the shielding factor, the probability of hot spot generation of the photovoltaic assembly at the location to be installed is determined.

8. A method for analyzing the causes of hot spots, characterized in that: Applied in a photovoltaic system, the method comprises: Identify installed PV panels and installed locations where PV panels have been installed; Determining first information of the installed photovoltaic assembly and second information of the installed location; Determine the cell factor causing the installed photovoltaic assembly to generate heat based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installed location causing the installed photovoltaic assembly to generate heat based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the installed photovoltaic assembly to generate heat due to abnormal installation at the installed location and the shielding factor causing the heat due to being shielded based on the first information and the second information; Based on the cell factors of the installed photovoltaic assembly, the environmental factors of the installed location, the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic assembly and the installed location, and the shielding factors of the abnormal installation factors between the installed photovoltaic assembly and the installed location, the cause of the hot spot of the installed photovoltaic assembly at the installed location is determined.

9. A device for determining the probability of hot spot generation, characterized in that: Applied in a photovoltaic system, the device comprises: A first determination module is used to determine the photovoltaic modules and the locations where the photovoltaic modules are to be installed; A second determination module, used to determine first information of the photovoltaic assembly and second information of the location to be installed; A third determination module is used to determine the cell factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly based on the first information, determine the environmental factor of the installation location causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly based on the second information, and determine the abnormal installation factor causing the heating of the photovoltaic assembly due to abnormal installation at the installation location and the shielding factor causing the heating due to being shielded based on the first information and the second information; The fourth determination module is used to determine the probability of the photovoltaic assembly generating a hot spot at the location to be installed based on the cell factor, the environmental factor, the abnormal installation factor and the shielding factor.

10. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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