High and cold region power transformer fault simulation method and system based on VR technology

Abstract

The invention provides an alpine region power transformer fault simulation method and system based on a VR technology. The method belongs to the field of transformer fault simulation, and comprises the following steps: acquiring transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in an area with the temperature lower than a preset value to provide input data support, and performing modeling and optimization; receiving the data, and performing fault behavior analogue simulation on the model according to the data; the fault behavior simulation comprises simulation of electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of transformer components; the environment temperature is obtained, and if the environment temperature is lower than a preset value, an oil solidification fault is triggered; and presenting the simulation scene and the operation interface for direct interaction of the user. A training scene with high pertinence can be provided for trainees, safe and reliable operation of the power transformer under a low-temperature environment condition is ensured, and the safety of the trainees is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of transformer fault simulation, and more specifically, to a method and system for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology. Background Art

[0002] Transformers in high-cold areas will have some faults that are different from those in ordinary areas due to the influence of the local environment. The use conditions of transformers specified in GB1094.1-2013 do not involve low-temperature areas with ambient temperatures below -25°C. In most low-temperature areas, outdoor oil-immersed power transformers are used. Therefore, we face some special problems, such as how trainees can receive practical and operational training and ensure that power transformers can operate safely and reliably under low-temperature environmental conditions.

[0003] At present, in actual power construction training, the field training model used in the past is still used. It cannot guarantee that these power transformers can operate safely and reliably under low temperature conditions. When the power transformer leaks, it is easy for on-site trainees to get electric shock. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a virtual power transformer in high-altitude cold areas to simulate faults and provide safety training for trainees. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology, which can provide trainees with highly targeted training scenarios and ensure that power transformers can operate safely and reliably under low temperature conditions to protect the safety of trainees.

[0005] This application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology, comprising:

[0007] Collect transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value to provide input data support, and perform modeling and optimization; among them, transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes short circuit data and oil solidification data;

[0008] Accepting data, and simulating the fault behavior of the model according to the data; the fault behavior simulation includes simulating the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of transformer components; the transformer components include insulating materials, windings and oil tanks; and obtaining the ambient temperature, and if the ambient temperature is lower than a preset value, triggering the oil solidification fault;

[0009] Present simulation scenes and operation interfaces for direct user interaction.

[0010] Based on the first aspect, the temperature being lower than a preset value includes the temperature being lower than -30°C.

[0011] Based on the first aspect, collecting transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes collecting internal data and field data:

[0012] Collecting internal data includes extracting case data from the State Grid fault database, and collecting the above-mentioned on-site data includes manually recording on-site case data; the above-mentioned case data includes temperature, time, fault location, fault type, processing method and processing time, and the fault type includes short circuit fault and oil solidification fault;

[0013] It also includes: using MySQL or PostgreSQL to create a case data table to store data, whose fields include temperature, time, fault location, fault type, processing method and processing time; and using Python scripts or ETL tools to eliminate missing data and duplicate data to ensure data integrity and uniqueness, and define a standardized field format for the cleaned data, the defined field standardized format includes 01 for short circuit fault and 02 for oil solidification fault; the standardized data is automatically generated into a simulation scenario script for direct call during simulation.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, the standardized data is automatically generated into a simulation scenario script for direct call during simulation, including:

[0015] The script generator developed based on Python calls the case data in the SQL database and converts it into a JSON format compatible with the simulation system.

[0016] Based on the first aspect, the transformer operation data collected in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes:

[0017] The IoT sensors are used to collect transformer operating status parameters in real time. The real-time collected transformer operating data is stored based on the time series database. The transformer operating data is processed using a combination of batch processing and stream processing. The batch processing includes daily cleaning and archiving of accumulated data, and the stream processing includes real-time analysis of sudden anomalies, including overload and voltage fluctuations.

[0018] Based on the first aspect, modeling and optimization include:

[0019] Drawing a three-dimensional geometric shape based on transformer structural information, the transformer structural information including casing, windings and insulators;

[0020] Set material properties and apply textures to get the base model. Material properties include metal, rubber and glass.

[0021] Use polygon optimization algorithms to automatically reduce the number of polygons in the base model to generate a low-polygon model;

[0022] Subdivision surface technology is used to increase the mesh density of the basic model, and local details and hard surface details are sculpted. Local details sculpting includes using ZBrush's Alpha symbol to superimpose cloth textures and metal scratches on the model surface; hard surface details sculpting includes superimposing geometric shapes through Boolean operations to simulate the screw holes and connectors of the mechanical model to obtain a high-polygon model;

[0023] Through normal mapping technology, the details of high-polygon models are converted into maps, retaining high-precision visual effects in low-polygon models;

[0024] Set different LODs for the base model, and automatically switch between high-polygon and low-polygon models according to the user's viewing distance to improve rendering performance;

[0025] The base model uses lightmaps instead of real-time shadows for lighting and shadow optimization.

[0026] Based on the first aspect, simulation of the electrical, thermal and mechanical behavior of transformer components includes:

[0027] Define the boundary conditions of the base model, including:

[0028] Electric field: Set potential boundaries for the input / output windings of the transformer to ensure that the electric field distribution conforms to the actual situation;

[0029] Thermal field: set dynamic ambient temperature for the transformer insulation material and oil tank, and simulate the temperature difference between day and night;

[0030] Force field: Set mechanical stresses for the transformer’s insulation and tank;

[0031] Setting the solution method includes:

[0032] Electric field calculation: Select the static electric field solver to simulate the electric potential distribution and the risk points of insulation breakdown;

[0033] Thermodynamics: Enable transient thermal analysis to simulate the real-time impact of temperature changes on the transformer;

[0034] Use the multi-field coupling function of the FEA tool to integrate the electric field, thermal field and force field into the basic model to obtain a simulation model;

[0035] Convert the transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value into dynamic input parameters of the simulation model in real time to simulate the impact of the actual operating environment on the transformer;

[0036] When the discharge point of the specified electrical part in the simulation model is short-circuited, an arc is generated. The electrical part includes the winding interface and the damaged area of ​​the insulation material.

[0037] Set the dynamic color gradient of the arc, and the transparency gradually decreases over time to simulate the discharge decay process. Use a random offset algorithm to generate the dynamic emission direction and speed of the arc to enhance the randomness of the arc effect.

[0038] Based on the first aspect, it also includes: establishing transformer heat conduction, dynamically simulating heat propagation during short circuit and overload and the fault diffusion process caused by it, specifically including:

[0039] Set the heat conduction equation as:

[0040]

[0041] in:

[0042] ρ is the material density, c p is the specific heat capacity, k is the thermal conductivity, T is the temperature, and Q is the heat source term, i.e. the heat generated by the short circuit;

[0043] The electric field distribution equation is defined as:

[0044]

[0045] Where ∈ is the dielectric constant, V is the electric potential, and ρ is the charge density;

[0046] Set the current density and heat source linkage formula:

[0047] Q=J 2 ·ρ

[0048] Where J is the current density and ρ is the material resistivity;

[0049] Use thermal expansion formulas to simulate transformer component expansion, stress concentration, and mechanical damage caused by overheating:

[0050] The thermal expansion formula is:

[0051] σ=α(T-T0)

[0052] Where σ is stress, α is the thermal expansion coefficient, and T0 is the initial temperature.

[0053] In the second aspect, the present application provides a high-cold area power transformer fault simulation system based on VR technology, comprising:

[0054] The data layer is used to collect transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value to provide input data support, and to perform modeling and optimization to provide input data support for the business layer; among them, the transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes short circuit data and oil solidification data;

[0055] The business layer is used to receive data from the data layer and simulate the fault behavior of the model according to the data; the above fault behavior simulation includes simulating the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of transformer components; transformer components include insulation materials, windings and oil tanks;

[0056] The presentation layer is used to present simulation scenes and operation interfaces for direct user interaction.

[0057] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including:

[0058] A memory for storing one or more programs;

[0059] processor;

[0060] When the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the method is implemented.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0062] This application provides a method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology. By acquiring oil solidification faults unique to high-cold areas, a highly targeted simulation training scenario is created. By accepting data and simulating the fault behavior of the model according to the data, it can ensure that the power transformer can operate safely under low temperature conditions and provide a safe training environment for trainees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology in this application;

[0065] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of another embodiment of a method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology in this application;

[0066] Figure 3This is a flow chart of another embodiment of a method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology in this application;

[0067] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a power transformer fault simulation system in high-cold areas based on VR technology for this application;

[0068] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device of the present application.

[0069] icon:

[0070] 1. Data layer; 2. Business layer; 3. Presentation layer; 4. Processor; 5. Memory; 6. Communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0072] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0073] Example

[0074] The embodiment of the present application provides a method and system for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology, which can provide trainees with highly targeted training scenarios and ensure that power transformers can operate safely and reliably under low temperature conditions, thereby protecting the safety of trainees.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology, comprising:

[0076] S1: Collect transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value to provide input data support, and perform modeling and optimization; among them, transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes short circuit data and oil solidification data;

[0077] Specifically, the temperature below the preset value includes the temperature below -30℃. The collected data includes the real case fault data of the transformer and the operation data of the transformer. The collected data will serve as the input support for subsequent modeling and optimization. Modeling and optimization refers to using these data to build a model and optimizing this model to better predict or solve transformer problems. Short circuit data and oil solidification data are the two main types of faults. Especially in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value, the oil solidification problem is more prominent. In view of the oil solidification fault unique to high-altitude cold areas, which is not common in warm areas, targeted simulation training scenarios are created to improve the simulation capabilities of the model in high-altitude cold areas.

[0078] S2: receiving data, and simulating the fault behavior of the model according to the data; the above fault behavior simulation includes simulating the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of transformer components; the transformer components include insulating materials, windings and oil tanks; and obtaining the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is lower than a preset value, an oil solidification fault is triggered;

[0079] Specifically, the transformer real case fault data and operation data collected in step S1 are received. The received data is used to simulate the model. The goal of the simulation is to simulate the fault behavior of the transformer. The simulation covers the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of multiple key components of the transformer (such as insulating materials, windings and oil tanks). Electrical behavior includes current, voltage, electric field distribution, etc.; thermodynamic behavior includes temperature distribution, heat transfer, etc.; mechanical behavior includes stress, etc. Transformer components include insulating materials, windings and oil tanks: insulating materials are used to ensure that current flows in the correct path; windings are the core part of the transformer and are responsible for current conversion; the oil tank is used to store transformer oil and plays a role in cooling and insulation. If the obtained ambient temperature is lower than a preset value, for example, the temperature is lower than -30°C, the simulation system will trigger the simulation of oil solidification fault. By simulating various behaviors of transformer components, the performance of the transformer in a low temperature environment can be evaluated, thereby ensuring that it can operate safely under such conditions. Simulation can not only be used to evaluate the performance of the transformer, but also as a training tool to provide trainees with a safe and risk-free training environment. In this environment, trainees can learn how to operate a transformer, how to respond to faults, etc. without having to worry about the risks involved in actual operation.

[0080] S3: Present the simulation scene and operation interface for direct user interaction.

[0081] Specifically, simulation scenarios and operation interfaces are presented to users so that they can directly interact with these scenarios and interfaces. This interactivity provides users with more operational flexibility and control, allowing them to gain a deeper understanding of transformers in high-cold regions.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, collecting transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than a preset value includes collecting internal data and field data:

[0083] Collecting internal data includes extracting case data from the State Grid fault database, and collecting the above-mentioned on-site data includes manually recording on-site case data; the above-mentioned case data includes temperature, time, fault location, fault type, processing method and processing time, and the fault type includes short circuit fault and oil solidification fault;

[0084] Specifically, internal data and manually recorded field data are extracted from the State Grid fault database, as well as the key elements contained in these data. These data can be used to analyze the fault behavior of transformers in low temperature environments, formulate preventive measures, and improve fault handling efficiency.

[0085] It also includes: using MySQL or PostgreSQL to create a case data table to store data, whose fields include temperature, time, fault location, fault type, processing method and processing time; and using Python scripts or ETL tools to eliminate missing data and duplicate data to ensure data integrity and uniqueness, and define a standardized field format for the cleaned data, the defined field standardized format includes 01 for short circuit fault and 02 for oil solidification fault; the standardized data is automatically generated into a simulation scenario script for direct call during simulation.

[0086] Specifically, two relational database management systems (RDBMS) such as MySQL or PostgreSQL are used to create data tables for storing case data. The design of the data table takes into account the key elements of the case data, including fields such as temperature, time, fault location, fault type, treatment method, and treatment time. Its fields include temperature, time, fault location, fault type, treatment method, and treatment time, which define the fields that should be included in the data table. These fields correspond to the key information of the case data and ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. Python scripts or ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) tools are used to identify and delete missing data (i.e., incomplete data records) and duplicate data (i.e., duplicate records), ensuring that each data record contains all necessary field information and each data record is unique without duplication. The cleaned data fields are formatted and standardized. Standardization helps ensure the consistency and comparability of data and facilitates subsequent data analysis and simulation. Numerical codes (such as 01 and 02) are used to represent different fault types (such as short circuit faults and oil solidification faults). This standardized format helps simplify the process of data processing and simulation. The standardized data are converted into simulation scenario scripts for direct calling during simulation to simulate and analyze the fault behavior of the transformer.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the standardized data is automatically used to generate a simulation scenario script for direct call during simulation, including:

[0088] The script generator developed based on Python calls the case data in the SQL database and converts it into a JSON format compatible with the simulation system.

[0089] Specifically, the script generator is an automated program that can read standardized data and generate simulation scenario scripts according to preset rules and formats. First, the script generator calls the case data from the SQL database. These data have been cleaned and standardized and stored in the database. Then, the script generator converts these data into a JSON format that is compatible with the simulation system. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data exchange format that is easy for people to read and write, and is also easy for machines to parse and generate. The converted JSON format data will be used as part of the simulation scenario script for direct call by the simulation system.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, collecting transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than a preset value includes:

[0091] The IoT sensors are used to collect transformer operating status parameters in real time. The real-time collected transformer operating data is stored based on the time series database. The transformer operating data is processed using a combination of batch processing and stream processing. The batch processing includes daily cleaning and archiving of accumulated data, and the stream processing includes real-time analysis of sudden anomalies, including overload and voltage fluctuations.

[0092] Specifically, IoT sensors are used to monitor various operating status parameters of transformers, such as current, voltage, temperature, etc. A time series database is a type of database specifically used to store and manage time series data. Time series data refers to data arranged in chronological order, such as temperature changes, equipment operating status, etc. In this embodiment, the time series database is used to store transformer operating data collected in real time from IoT sensors for subsequent analysis and processing. This embodiment combines batch processing and stream processing to achieve comprehensive and efficient processing of transformer operating data. The above batch processing includes operations such as checking, correcting, and deleting duplicate or invalid data for all data collected within a day to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. Archiving refers to storing and managing the cleaned data according to certain rules and formats for subsequent analysis and query. Stream processing includes uninterrupted monitoring and analysis of real-time collected data to promptly discover and warn of abnormal conditions in transformers. Sudden abnormalities include overload (i.e., the current or voltage carried by the transformer exceeds its design capacity) and voltage fluctuation (i.e., the voltage value changes significantly in a short period of time).

[0093] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, modeling and optimization include:

[0094] S11: drawing a three-dimensional geometric shape according to the transformer structure information, where the transformer structure information includes a casing, a winding, and an insulator;

[0095] Specifically, by obtaining detailed structural information of the transformer, including the size, shape and position relationship of key components such as the casing, winding and insulator, 3DMAX and Blender are used to draw a geometric shape corresponding to the actual structure of the transformer in three-dimensional space.

[0096] S12: Setting material properties and applying textures to obtain a basic model, where the material properties include metal, rubber, and glass;

[0097] Specifically, in the field of 3D modeling or computer graphics, material properties such as metal, rubber, and glass are set for the created base model, and textures are applied to increase details and realism to obtain the final model. This improves the visual effect of the model, making it more realistic and in line with design requirements.

[0098] S13: Use polygon optimization algorithm to automatically reduce the number of polygons in the base model to generate a low-polygon model;

[0099] Specifically, a polygon optimization algorithm is used to automatically reduce the number of polygons in the base model, thereby generating a low-polygon model with a lower number of faces but still acceptable visual effects. This helps to improve the rendering speed and performance of the model, making it more suitable for real-time rendering scenes.

[0100] S14: Use subdivision surface technology to increase the mesh density of the basic model, and perform local detail carving and hard surface detail carving. Local detail carving includes using ZBrush's Alpha symbol to superimpose cloth textures and metal scratches on the model surface; hard surface detail carving includes superimposing geometric shapes through Boolean operations to simulate the screw holes and connectors of the mechanical model to obtain a high-polygon model;

[0101] Specifically, subdivision surface technology is a method of refining the mesh by inserting new vertices, edges, and faces while maintaining the overall shape of the model. Increasing the mesh density allows the model to accommodate more details, providing a basis for subsequent carving and detail addition. Local detail carving focuses on the soft or organic parts of the model, such as cloth texture, skin texture, etc. Hard surface detail carving focuses on the rigid parts of the model, such as mechanical structures, screw holes, connectors, etc. In the process of local detail carving, use the Alpha symbol in ZBrush, a professional carving software. Alpha symbol is a tool in ZBrush that allows users to add details to the model in the form of patterns or textures, such as cloth texture, metal scratches, etc. By applying Alpha symbols, users can quickly and accurately add various details to the model to improve the visual effect of the model. Add details such as cloth texture and metal scratches to the model surface in an overlapping manner to enhance the realism and visual effect of the model. In the process of hard surface detail carving, Boolean operations are used to superimpose geometric shapes. Boolean operations are a commonly used technique in 3D modeling that allows users to create complex geometric shapes through operations such as merging, subtracting, or intersecting. The addition of these details makes the model more realistic and complex, but also increases the number of polygons of the model, making it a high-polygon model.

[0102] S15: Through normal mapping technology, the details of high-polygon models are converted into maps, retaining high-precision visual effects in low-polygon models;

[0103] Specifically, the normal mapping technology can be used to convert the detail information on the high-polygon model into a map, and these maps can be applied to the low-polygon model, thereby maintaining a lower polygon count to improve rendering performance while still retaining the high-precision visual effects of the high-polygon model.

[0104] S16: Set different LODs for the base model, and automatically switch between high-polygon and low-polygon models according to the user's viewing distance to improve rendering performance;

[0105] Specifically, by setting different levels of detail (LOD) for the base model and automatically switching between high-polygon models and low-polygon models according to the viewing distance between the user and the model, the rendering performance can be significantly improved without reducing the visual quality.

[0106] S17: The base model uses lightmaps instead of real-time lighting and shadows for lighting and shadow optimization.

[0107] Specifically, light mapping is used to replace real-time light and shadow calculations. Real-time light and shadow calculations refer to the real-time calculation of the interaction between light and the surface of the model when rendering each frame to generate dynamic light and shadow effects. Compared with real-time light and shadow, light mapping does not require complex calculations in each frame, so it can significantly improve rendering performance.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments of the invention, simulating the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behavior of transformer components includes:

[0109] S21: Define the boundary conditions of the basic model, including:

[0110] Electric field: Set potential boundaries for the input / output windings of the transformer to ensure that the electric field distribution conforms to the actual situation; specifically, specify potential values ​​(i.e. voltage) for the input winding and output winding of the transformer in the electric field simulation. These potential boundary conditions will be used to simulate the distribution of the electric field inside the transformer and evaluate the ability of the insulation material to withstand the electric field strength to ensure that the electric field distribution conforms to the actual situation.

[0111] Thermal field: Dynamic ambient temperature is set for the insulation material and oil tank of the transformer, and the temperature difference between day and night is simulated; specifically, in the thermal field simulation, the temperature change of the transformer surrounding environment is considered, including dynamic factors such as the temperature difference between day and night. This requires setting time-varying temperature boundary conditions for key components such as insulation materials and oil tanks.

[0112] Force field: Set mechanical stress for the transformer's insulation material and oil tank; specifically, in the force field simulation, evaluate the stress distribution of the transformer when it is subjected to mechanical loads (such as weight, vibration, wind pressure, etc.). Set corresponding mechanical stress boundary conditions for components such as insulation materials and oil tanks.

[0113] S22: Set the solution method including:

[0114] Electric field calculation: Select the static electric field solver to simulate the electric potential distribution and the risk points of insulation breakdown. Specifically, the electric field simulation will be calculated using the static electric field theory, that is, the change of the electric field over time is not considered. The static electric field solver can simulate static characteristics such as electric potential distribution and electric field strength. The distribution of the internal electric potential of the transformer can be evaluated and the risk points of insulation breakdown can be identified.

[0115] Thermodynamics: Enable transient thermal analysis to simulate the real-time impact of temperature changes on the transformer; specifically, thermal field simulation will use transient thermal analysis technology, which takes into account the temperature change process over time. Transient thermal analysis can simulate the real-time impact of temperature changes on the internal structure and materials of the transformer. Through transient thermal analysis, the impact of temperature changes on transformer performance, such as temperature rise, thermal stress, thermal expansion, etc., can be evaluated to ensure that the transformer can work safely and reliably under the expected operating conditions.

[0116] S23: Use the multi-field coupling function of the FEA tool to integrate the electric field, thermal field and force field into the basic model to obtain a simulation model;

[0117] Specifically, FEA tools are computer programs that perform this analysis and can handle various physical phenomena, such as structural mechanics, heat conduction, electromagnetic fields, etc. The multi-field coupling function of FEA tools allows these interacting physical fields to be considered simultaneously, thereby more accurately reflecting the actual behavior in the simulation. By integrating multiple physical fields into the basic model and applying appropriate boundary conditions and solution settings, a comprehensive simulation model is finally obtained.

[0118] S24: Transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value are converted into dynamic input parameters of the simulation model in real time to simulate the impact of the actual operating environment on the transformer;

[0119] Specifically, it is preferred to input the real case fault data and transformer operation data in the area with temperature below -30℃ into the simulation model in real time or near real time as the dynamic input parameters of the model. These parameters will be used to simulate the actual operating state and environmental conditions of the transformer. Through the simulation model, various situations encountered by the transformer in the actual operating environment can be simulated, such as temperature changes, load fluctuations, short circuit faults, etc.

[0120] S25: When the discharge point of the specified electrical part in the simulation model is short-circuited, an arc is generated. The electrical part includes the winding interface and the insulation material damage area;

[0121] Specifically, when discharge points short-circuit at key parts of the transformer (such as winding interfaces and insulation material damage areas), these short-circuit points will generate arcs, leading to failure or damage. By simulating and analyzing these situations through simulation models, users can identify potential fault points.

[0122] S26: Set the dynamic color gradient of the arc, and the transparency gradually decreases over time to simulate the discharge decay process. Use a random offset algorithm to generate the dynamic emission direction and speed of the arc to enhance the randomness of the arc effect.

[0123] Specifically, by setting the arc's dynamic color gradient, the transparency gradually weakening over time, and using a random offset algorithm to generate arc dynamic emission direction and speed and other visual effects, the arc discharge decay process is simulated and the randomness of the arc effect is enhanced, making the arc visual effect more realistic.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes: establishing transformer heat conduction, dynamically simulating heat propagation during short circuit and overload and the fault diffusion process caused by it, specifically including:

[0125] Set the heat conduction equation as:

[0126]

[0127] in:

[0128] ρ is the material density, c p is the specific heat capacity, k is the thermal conductivity, T is the temperature, and Q is the heat source term, i.e. the heat generated by the short circuit;

[0129] The electric field distribution equation is defined as:

[0130]

[0131] Where ∈ is the dielectric constant, V is the electric potential, and ρ is the charge density;

[0132] Set the current density and heat source linkage formula:

[0133] Q=J 2 ·ρ

[0134] Where J is the current density and ρ is the material resistivity;

[0135] Use thermal expansion formulas to simulate transformer component expansion, stress concentration, and mechanical damage caused by overheating:

[0136] The thermal expansion formula is:

[0137] σ=α(T-T0)

[0138] Where σ is stress, α is the thermal expansion coefficient, and T0 is the initial temperature.

[0139] Specifically, by setting the heat conduction equation, electric field distribution equation, current density and heat source linkage formula and thermal expansion formula, the heat conduction process of the transformer under short circuit and overload conditions and the fault diffusion caused by this are simulated.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 4 The present application provides a high-cold area power transformer fault simulation system based on VR technology, comprising:

[0141] Data layer 1 is used to collect transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value to provide input data support, and to perform modeling and optimization to provide input data support for the business layer; among them, transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes short circuit data and oil solidification data;

[0142] Business layer 2, used for receiving data from the data layer, and simulating the fault behavior of the model according to the data; the above fault behavior simulation includes simulating the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behavior of transformer components; transformer components include insulation materials, windings and oil tanks;

[0143] The presentation layer 3 is used to present simulation scenes and operation interfaces for direct user interaction.

[0144] It should be noted that for the specific implementation of the power transformer fault simulation system in high-cold areas based on VR technology, please refer to the specific implementation of the power transformer fault simulation method in high-cold areas based on VR technology, and no further details will be given here.

[0145] Please refer to Figure 5 , the present application provides an electronic device, including:

[0146] Memory 5, used to store one or more programs;

[0147] Processor 4; processor 4 is connected to memory 5 via communication interface 6;

[0148] When the one or more programs are executed by the processor 4, all or part of the method is implemented.

[0149] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present application. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology, characterized in that: include: Collect transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value to provide input data support, and perform modeling and optimization; among them, transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes short circuit data and oil solidification data; receiving data, and simulating fault behavior of the model according to the data; the fault behavior simulation includes simulating electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of transformer components; the transformer components include insulating materials, windings and oil tanks; and obtaining ambient temperature, and triggering oil solidification fault if the ambient temperature is lower than a preset value; Present simulation scenes and operation interfaces for direct user interaction.

2. According to the VR technology-based method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Temperatures below a preset value include temperatures below -30°C.

3. According to the VR technology-based method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Collecting transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes collecting internal data and field data: Collecting internal data includes extracting case data from the State Grid fault database, and collecting the field data includes manually recording the field case data; the case data includes temperature, time, fault location, fault type, processing method and processing time, and the fault type includes short circuit fault and oil solidification fault; It also includes: using MySQL or PostgreSQL to create a case data table to store data, whose fields include temperature, time, fault location, fault type, processing method and processing time; and using Python scripts or ETL tools to eliminate missing data and duplicate data to ensure data integrity and uniqueness, and define a standardized field format for the cleaned data, the defined field standardized format includes 01 for short circuit fault and 02 for oil solidification fault; the standardized data is automatically generated into a simulation scenario script for direct call during simulation.

4. According to the VR technology-based method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas of claim 3, it is characterized in that: The standardized data is automatically generated into simulation scenario scripts for direct call during simulation, including: The script generator developed based on Python calls the case data in the SQL database and converts it into a JSON format compatible with the simulation system.

5. According to the VR technology-based method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The transformer operation data collected in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value include: The transformer operating status parameters are collected in real time through IoT sensors. The real-time collected transformer operating data is stored based on the time series database. The transformer operating data is processed using a combination of batch processing and stream processing. The batch processing includes cleaning and archiving the accumulated data every day, and the stream processing includes real-time analysis of sudden anomalies, which include overload and voltage fluctuations.

6. The method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Modeling and optimization include: Drawing a three-dimensional geometric shape based on transformer structural information, the transformer structural information including casing, windings and insulators; Set material properties and apply textures to get the base model. Material properties include metal, rubber and glass. Use polygon optimization algorithms to automatically reduce the number of polygons in the base model to generate a low-polygon model; Subdivision surface technology is used to increase the mesh density of the basic model, and local details and hard surface details are sculpted. Local details sculpting includes using ZBrush's Alpha symbol to superimpose cloth textures and metal scratches on the model surface; hard surface details sculpting includes superimposing geometric shapes through Boolean operations to simulate the screw holes and connectors of the mechanical model to obtain a high-polygon model; Through normal mapping technology, the details of high-polygon models are converted into maps, retaining high-precision visual effects in low-polygon models; Set different LODs for the base model, and automatically switch between high-polygon and low-polygon models according to the user's viewing distance to improve rendering performance; The base model uses lightmaps instead of real-time shadows for lighting and shadow optimization.

7. The method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Simulate the electrical, thermal and mechanical behavior of transformer components including: Define the boundary conditions of the base model, including: Electric field: Set potential boundaries for the input / output windings of the transformer to ensure that the electric field distribution conforms to the actual situation; Thermal field: set dynamic ambient temperature for the transformer insulation material and oil tank, and simulate the temperature difference between day and night; Force field: Set mechanical stresses for the transformer’s insulation and tank; Setting the solution method includes: Electric field calculation: Select the static electric field solver to simulate the electric potential distribution and the risk points of insulation breakdown; Thermodynamics: Enable transient thermal analysis to simulate the real-time impact of temperature changes on the transformer; Use the multi-field coupling function of the FEA tool to integrate the electric field, thermal field and force field into the basic model to obtain a simulation model; Convert the transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value into dynamic input parameters of the simulation model in real time to simulate the impact of the actual operating environment on the transformer; When the discharge point of the specified electrical part in the simulation model is short-circuited, an arc is generated. The electrical part includes the winding interface and the damaged area of ​​the insulation material. Set the dynamic color gradient of the arc, and the transparency gradually decreases over time to simulate the discharge decay process. Use a random offset algorithm to generate the dynamic emission direction and speed of the arc to enhance the randomness of the arc effect.

8. The method for simulating power transformer faults in high-cold areas based on VR technology according to claim 7 is characterized in that: It also includes: establishing transformer heat conduction, dynamically simulating heat propagation during short circuit and overload and the fault diffusion process caused by it, including: Set the heat conduction equation as: in: ρ is the material density, c p is the specific heat capacity, k is the thermal conductivity, T is the temperature, and Q is the heat source term, i.e. the heat generated by the short circuit; The electric field distribution equation is defined as: Where ∈ is the dielectric constant, V is the electric potential, and ρ is the charge density; Set the current density and heat source linkage formula: Q=J 2 ·ρ Where J is the current density and ρ is the material resistivity; Use thermal expansion formulas to simulate transformer component expansion, stress concentration, and mechanical damage caused by overheating: The thermal expansion formula is: σ=α(T-T0) Where σ is stress, α is the thermal expansion coefficient, and T0 is the initial temperature.

9. A VR-based power transformer fault simulation system for high-cold areas, characterized in that: include: The data layer is used to collect transformer real case fault data and transformer operation data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value to provide input data support, and to perform modeling and optimization to provide input data support for the business layer; among them, the transformer real case fault data in areas where the temperature is lower than the preset value includes short circuit data and oil solidification data; The business layer is used to receive data from the data layer and simulate the fault behavior of the model according to the data; the fault behavior simulation includes simulating the electrical, thermodynamic and mechanical behaviors of transformer components; transformer components include insulating materials, windings and oil tanks; and obtaining the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is lower than a preset value, an oil solidification fault is triggered; The presentation layer is used to present simulation scenes and operation interfaces for direct user interaction.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory for storing one or more programs; processor; When the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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