Three-dimensional visual analysis method for stockpiling quality of earthwork storage yard

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional visualization method for stockpiling quality of an earthwork storage yard. The three-dimensional visualization method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a storage yard terrain; s2, building a storage yard platform; s3, building a storage yard side slope; s4, building a storage yard intercepting ditch, a blind ditch, a retaining wall and a filter pool; s5, establishing a three-dimensional color difference diagram of the storage yard; s6, outputting a storage yard cross-section diagram; and S7, outputting the earthwork stockpiling and material engineering quantity of the storage yard. Compared with a square grid method, the method has the advantages that any cross-section diagram of the storage yard can be output, the material use amount of storage yard structures such as catchers can be output, data in the middle process are clear and complete, the three-dimensional visualization effect is good and the like, and the method is suitable for dotted earthwork backfill engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for three-dimensional visualization analysis of the stockpile quality of a stockpile, and in particular to a method for three-dimensional visualization analysis of the stockpile quality of an earthwork stockpile. Background Art

[0002] Classic earthwork volume calculation methods include the cross-section method, the grid method, and the geometric area method. Earthwork yards are point-type earthwork backfill projects, and the grid method is generally used to calculate backfill earthwork. The grid method is intuitive, easy to understand, and simple to calculate, and is suitable for earthwork calculations on relatively flat sites. The calculation principle is: divide the site into several square grids, measure or interpolate the elevations of the four corner points of each grid in the site, calculate the earthwork of each grid surface (tetragonal prism method), and the sum of the earthwork volume of each grid is the total earthwork volume.

[0003] For earthwork yards with simple terrain, the grid method is more suitable; for complex terrain, in order to ensure the calculation accuracy, the calculation grid needs to be encrypted, which is a lot of work. The grid method is used to analyze the stockpile quality of earthwork yards, but there are obvious shortcomings such as the inability to output the cross-section diagram of earthwork stockpile formation, poor integrity of intermediate process data, and poor visualization effect. Therefore, the development of efficient and accurate earthwork quantity technology methods is the focus of the current industry.

[0004] Patent CN118313049A discloses a three-dimensional visualization control method for the excavation quality of the cross-construction area, which specifically establishes a terrain surface formed by the excavation of the cross-construction area; then establishes a channel design interface for the cross-construction area; uses a three-dimensional model to analyze over-excavation, under-excavation and flatness, and ensures that the intermediate process data is clear and complete under the condition of ensuring the calculation accuracy, with good visualization effect, greatly reducing a large number of repetitive work generated by interpolation calculation of cross-section lines, avoiding complex calculation processes, and improving calculation efficiency, but the technical approach of this method is still relatively complex;

[0005] Patent document CN112861222A discloses a method for calculating earthwork quantity that can distinguish soil quality. Specifically, it constructs an intermediate data standard through tensors based on the concept of field, and solves the tolerance and mesh quality degradation problems existing in traditional three-dimensional graphics methods by rasterizing the three-dimensional geological digital model. At the same time, a mapping rule for converting the rasterized model to the tensor model is set to calculate the current earthwork excavation volume, which is convenient for quantitative analysis of engineering geology, but this method is still relatively complicated. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the earthwork yard design construction drawings were used to establish the earthwork yard model, and the stockpile quantity output tool and cross-section analysis tool were developed to realize the quantitative three-dimensional visual analysis of the stockpile quality of the earthwork, including: the elevation, plane coordinates, quantity, three-dimensional shape of the stockpile, the stockpile situation of any section, etc. It is suitable for any form of earthwork yard and has the advantages of simple operation and good visualization effect.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Establish the yard terrain;

[0010] S2. Establish a yard design platform;

[0011] S3. Establishing a design slope model for the storage yard;

[0012] S4. Establish the model of intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall and filter pool in the yard;

[0013] S5, establishing a three-dimensional color difference map of the storage yard;

[0014] S6. Output the yard cross-section diagram;

[0015] S7. Earthwork storage and material quantity at the output yard.

[0016] Furthermore, the step S1 includes:

[0017] S11. Import the earthwork yard design and construction drawing, and use the layers and element types to select the elevation points and contour lines;

[0018] S12. Create a yard terrain using the elevation points and the contour lines.

[0019] Furthermore, the step S2 includes:

[0020] S21. Use the yard design construction drawing to select the yard design boundary line and establish the yard design platform.

[0021] The step S3 comprises:

[0022] S31. Establishing a design slope template;

[0023] S32, stretching formwork, respectively establish the yard slope model.

[0024] Furthermore, the step S3 includes:

[0025] S31. Establishing a design slope template;

[0026] S32, stretching formwork, respectively establish the yard slope model.

[0027] Further, the step S4 includes:

[0028] S41. Build templates for intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filter pools;

[0029] S42. Set up intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and the center line of the filter pool;

[0030] S43, stretching formwork, respectively building intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool models;

[0031] S44. Import the yard terrain and establish a yard model.

[0032] Furthermore, the step S5 comprises:

[0033] S51, dividing the soil pile elevation into intervals, assigning a corresponding color to each interval, and generating a three-dimensional color block map of the pile yard;

[0034] S52. Use the three-dimensional color block map of the yard combined with the soil pile elevation value to indicate the soil pile elevation of the yard.

[0035] Further, the step S6 includes:

[0036] S61, setting a straight line for outputting a section on the yard model;

[0037] S62. Select a straight line and output the cross-sectional view formed by the earth stockpile.

[0038] Furthermore, the step S7 includes:

[0039] S71, converting the original terrain of the stockpile yard and the terrain after the earthwork is stored into a digital terrain model DTM;

[0040] S72, setting the center line of the storage engineering quantity output area on the storage yard model;

[0041] S73, selecting the center line of the engineering quantity output area, setting boundary conditions such as width and elevation, and outputting the earthwork stockpile engineering quantity and material engineering quantity of the area;

[0042] S74. Material quantity for intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls and filter ponds in the output yard.

[0043] Further claimed material quantities include the material quantities of intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filtration pools.

[0044] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) Any cross-section of the yard can be output. By using the yard model and setting the boundary conditions of the calculation area, not only can the stockpile quantity and cross-section be output, but also the material quantity of the yard structures such as the check ditches can be output. (3) The three-dimensional visualization effect is good. The stockpile situation of the earthwork yard is intuitively displayed in a three-dimensional form, so that relevant personnel can quickly and accurately grasp the overall shape of the yard, the distribution of the pile, the stockpile height in different areas and other information. Through the three-dimensional color difference map on the yard model, the earthwork stacking situation in the yard and the layout of the yard structures such as the ditches can be intuitively analyzed. (4) It has strong applicability and is suitable for any form of earthwork storage projects, including earthwork storage projects with large terrain changes. At the same time, the three-dimensional visualization model constructed based on precise measurement data and advanced modeling technology can accurately reflect the actual situation of the earthwork yard. When conducting stockpile quality analysis, it can provide reliable basic data, making the calculation of parameters such as the pile volume more accurate, providing a scientific basis for quality assessment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 4-1 is a topographical diagram of the storage yard of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the storage yard design platform of the present invention 4-1;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slope design for the storage yard 4-1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the template for the intercepting ditch in the yard 4-1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intercepting ditch model of the storage yard 4-1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the storage yard model 4-1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional color block diagram of the storage yard 4-1 of the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 9 Output 4-1 of the present invention is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of earthwork storage in a storage yard;

[0055] Fig.10 Output 4-1 schematic diagram of earthwork stockpiling engineering quantity in a local area of ​​the yard for the present invention;

[0056] Fig.11Output 4-1 yard retaining wall material quantity schematic diagram for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention and its beneficial effects will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods and accompanying drawings, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0058] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0059] Taking the Pinglu Canal waterway as an example, the Pinglu Canal waterway section 1 is 19,723 meters long, with starting and ending pile numbers from K0+000m to K19+723m. The construction content includes channel excavation, revetment laying, water comprehensive service area, anchorage, 10 external waste earthwork dumps and other projects, of which the channel excavation earthwork is 21.59 million cubic meters, and the designed stockpile project volume is 25.42 million cubic meters.

[0060] The basic steps of calculating the earthwork volume of a storage yard using the grid method are: importing terrain data, drawing the boundary of the calculation area, setting the design surface and grid width, and outputting the earthwork volume. The grid method can quickly obtain the calculation results, but it has the following shortcomings: (1) It is impossible to output the cross-sectional diagram of earthwork storage and earthwork excavation, and the cross-sectional diagram must be obtained using the cross-sectional method; (2) It is impossible to calculate the engineering volume of storage yard structures such as intercepting ditches and retaining walls; (3) For storage yards with large terrain changes, the grid needs to be encrypted to ensure the calculation accuracy, which has poor applicability; (4) The three-dimensional visualization effect is poor, and it is impossible to intuitively show the earthwork storage situation of the storage yard.

[0061] In view of the above problems, this embodiment uses the yard design construction drawing to establish the yard design surface platform, design slope, intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool, import the yard terrain, and generate the yard model. Convert any two phases of the yard terrain into DTM (Digital Terrain Model); develop engineering quantity output tools and cross-section analysis tools to output the cross-section diagram and engineering quantity formed by earthwork storage; produce a three-dimensional color difference map attached to the yard terrain and the terrain elevation difference, and intuitively and quantitatively analyze the overall storage situation of the yard in three-dimensional visualization.

[0062] The embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) First, establish the topography of the storage yard; specifically, include:

[0064] Import the 4-1 yard design construction drawing, and use the layers and element types to filter out elevation points and contour lines.

[0065] Specifically, after importing the construction drawing, open the layer manager (this function is available in most drawing software). Carefully review the layer structure in the 4-1 yard design construction drawing to understand what each layer represents. Usually, different design elements (such as buildings, roads, yard areas, terrain, etc.) are drawn on different layers. In addition to layers, you also need to be familiar with the types of various elements in the construction drawing. These element types may include points, lines, polygons, text annotations, etc. For elevation points and contour lines, they usually belong to specific element types. For example, elevation points may be point elements, while contour lines are line elements.

[0066] In the Layer Manager, try to identify the layers that may contain spot elevations and contours by looking at the layer name, color, or other identifying information. Some design teams create layers according to certain naming conventions, such as layer names that include the words "spot elevation" or "contour". Once you have identified the possible layers, set them to visible and temporarily hide other irrelevant layers to reduce visual noise.

[0067] If you cannot accurately filter out elevation points and contour lines only through layers, you can use the element selection tool of the drawing software. Set the selection filter according to the element type characteristics of elevation points and contour lines. For example, set the software to select only point elements (for elevation points) and line elements (for contour lines), and then perform the screening operation within the entire construction drawing.

[0068] After you have finished filtering, do a visual check of the results. Make sure that the elements you have filtered are indeed the elevation points and contours, and that no other irrelevant elements have been missed or mistakenly selected. If you find any errors, go back and readjust the filter conditions until you get accurate results.

[0069] Use elevation points and contour lines to create 4-1 yard terrain, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0070] Specifically, first, carefully check the integrity of the acquired elevation point data. Make sure that each elevation point has accurate plane coordinates (X, Y values) and corresponding elevation values ​​(Z values). Perform preliminary cleaning of the data to remove possible duplicate data points or obviously erroneous data points (for example, data with elevation values ​​outside a reasonable range). Check the distribution density of the elevation point data. If it is found that the distribution of elevation points in certain areas is too sparse or dense, consider whether additional collection or appropriate interpolation processing is needed to ensure the accuracy and rationality of subsequent terrain creation.

[0071] For contour data, confirm that each contour has a clear contour interval mark. Check the closure of the contours to ensure that there are no unclosed contours, as this may cause errors in the terrain creation process. Similarly, check whether the contour data overlaps, crosses, or otherwise does not conform to the terrain logic. If such problems are found, they need to be manually adjusted or repaired through data processing software.

[0072] Before using contour lines to create terrain, you may need to perform some preprocessing on the contour lines. For example, if the contour line data is complex or there are some tiny line segments, you can simplify the contour lines to reduce the amount of data and improve processing efficiency, but be careful not to over-simplify and cause terrain distortion.

[0073] Choose the appropriate method to create terrain based on contour lines according to the software's capabilities. Some software can directly convert contour lines into terrain surfaces, while some software may need to convert contour lines into 3D polylines first, and then generate terrain from these 3D polylines.

[0074] Set the terrain creation parameters related to contour lines. This includes specifying contour data as the data source, setting the contour interval properties of the contour lines (if the software does not automatically recognize them), and determining how to generate the terrain surface based on the shape and elevation relationship of the contour lines (for example, when constructing the terrain through a triangulated network, set parameters such as the maximum side length of the triangle).

[0075] If two terrain surfaces are created based on elevation points and contour lines respectively, they need to be merged. Find the terrain fusion function in the software and merge the two terrain surfaces into a complete 4-1 yard terrain. During the fusion process, pay attention to the discontinuity or mutation problems that may occur at the junction of the two terrain surfaces to ensure a smooth transition of the terrain.

[0076] Optimize and check the created terrain. Check whether there are unreasonable bumps or depressions on the terrain surface, which may be caused by data errors or improper parameter settings. If such problems are found, you can regenerate the terrain by adjusting the terrain creation parameters, or use the terrain editing tools in the software (such as local smoothing, interpolation adjustment, etc.) to manually correct the terrain.

[0077] Check whether the accuracy of the terrain meets the design requirements of 4-1 yard terrain. If the accuracy is not enough, consider increasing the density of elevation point data or using finer contour lines to recreate the terrain, or further refine the existing terrain.

[0078] Compare and verify the created terrain with the actual 4-1 yard terrain data (such as field measurement data, design drawings, etc.). You can select some feature points on the terrain, compare the difference between their elevation values ​​and the actual values, calculate the error range of the terrain, and ensure the accuracy of the terrain. If there is a large error, analyze the cause and make corresponding adjustments. This may involve rechecking the data, adjusting the terrain creation parameters, or re-collecting data.

[0079] When you are satisfied with the created 4-1 yard terrain, output it according to subsequent application requirements.

[0080] (2) Then establish a yard design platform; specifically including:

[0081] Using the 4-1 yard design construction drawing, select the yard design boundary line and establish the 4-1 yard design platform, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0082] The specific method is to determine the scope and boundary of the 4-1 yard design platform based on the yard design boundary line. Create a new design platform file or project in the software and set the basic properties of the platform, such as name, number, description, etc. Define the coordinate system and elevation benchmark of the design platform. These settings should be consistent with the coordinate system of the construction drawing and the overall elevation benchmark of the project to ensure that the design and analysis work performed on the platform has accurate spatial reference.

[0083] Use the modeling or drawing function in the software to construct the outline of the 4-1 yard design platform according to the selected yard design edge line. Accurately import the edge line data into the design platform as the boundary basis of the platform. According to the actual needs of the yard design, add other necessary design elements to the platform, such as entrance and exit locations, drainage facilities, and ancillary buildings. These elements should be reasonably arranged according to the design specifications and construction requirements, and maintain the correct spatial relationship with the yard design edge line.

[0084] Verify the data of the established 4-1 yard design platform. Check whether the platform's geometry is correct, whether the edges are closed, and whether there are conflicts or unreasonable spatial relationships between the design elements within the platform.

[0085] According to the verification results, the design platform is improved and optimized. For example, the unclosed edges are repaired and the positions and sizes of the design elements are adjusted to ensure that the design platform meets the design intent and construction requirements of the 4-1 yard.

[0086] (3) Establish the design slope of the storage yard, including:

[0087] First, establish the 4-1 yard design slope template; then stretch the template and establish the yard slope model respectively, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0088] (4) Establish intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls and filter ponds in the storage yard; specifically include:

[0089] First, build the templates for the 4-1 yard intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool. Figure 5 Then set the center lines of the 4-1 yard intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool in the template; stretch the templates of the 4-1 yard intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool along their respective center lines to establish the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool models, as shown in the figure below. Figure 6 Finally, import the 4-1 yard terrain and build the 4-1 yard model, as shown in the figure below: Figure 7 shown.

[0090] (5) Establish a three-dimensional color difference map of the stockpile; divide the 4-1 stockpile terrain elevation into intervals, and assign corresponding colors to each elevation interval, as shown in Table 1. Use different colors and elevation values ​​to represent the thickness of the earth stockpile, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0091] Table 1 Elevation color correspondence table

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] (6) Output the cross-section diagram of the storage yard; specifically including:

[0095] In the 4-1 yard model, set the straight line for which the cross-section diagram needs to be output. Then select the straight line and output the cross-section diagram of the 4-1 yard at the corresponding position of the straight line, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0096] (7) The earthwork storage and material engineering quantity at the final output yard. Specifically including:

[0097] Convert the original terrain of the 4-1 yard and the terrain after earthwork storage into DTM (Digital Terrain Model); then set the center line of the output area of ​​the stockpile engineering quantity on the 4-1 yard model; select the center line, set the width, elevation and other boundary conditions of the calculation area, and output the earthwork storage engineering quantity of the designated area of ​​the 4-1 yard, such as Fig.10 Output 4-1 The material quantity of the intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall and filter pool in the yard, such as Fig.11 shown.

[0098] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure cannot be limited thereto. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, it will be easy for those skilled in the art to think of other embodiments of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptive change of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the technical field that are not recorded in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Establish the yard terrain; S2. Establish a yard design platform; S3. Establishing a design slope model for the storage yard; S4. Establish the model of intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall and filter pool in the yard; S5, establishing a three-dimensional color difference map of the storage yard; S6. Output the cross-section of the yard; S7. Earthwork storage and material quantity at the output yard.

2. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S11. Import the earthwork yard design and construction drawing, and use the layers and element types to select the elevation points and contour lines; S12. Create a yard terrain using the elevation points and the contour lines.

3. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S21. Using the yard design construction drawing, select the yard design boundary line and establish a yard design platform. The step S3 comprises: S31. Establishing a design slope template; S32, stretching formwork, respectively establish the yard slope model.

4. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: S31. Establishing a design slope template; S32, stretching formwork, respectively establish the yard slope model.

5. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: S41. Build templates for intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and filter pools; S42. Set up intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls, and the center line of the filter pool; S43, stretching formwork, respectively building intercepting ditch, blind ditch, retaining wall, and filter pool models; S44. Import the yard terrain and establish a yard model.

6. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S5 comprises: S51, dividing the soil pile elevation into intervals, assigning a corresponding color to each interval, and generating a three-dimensional color block map of the pile yard; S52. Use the three-dimensional color block map of the yard combined with the soil pile elevation value to indicate the soil pile elevation of the yard.

7. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step S6 comprises: S61, setting a straight line for outputting a section on the yard model; S62. Select a straight line and output the cross-sectional view formed by the earth stockpile.

8. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S7 comprises: S71, converting the original terrain of the stockpile yard and the terrain after the earthwork is stored into a digital terrain model DTM; S72, setting the center line of the storage engineering quantity output area on the storage yard model; S73, selecting the center line of the engineering quantity output area, setting boundary conditions such as width and elevation, and outputting the earthwork stockpile engineering quantity and material engineering quantity of the area; S74. Material quantity for intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls and filter ponds in the output yard.

9. The three-dimensional visualization analysis method for earthwork yard stockpile quality according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The material quantity includes the material quantity of intercepting ditches, blind ditches, retaining walls and filtration pools.

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