Intelligent self-adaptive current limiting device and current limiting control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent self-adaptive current limiting device and a current limiting control method, and the current limiting device comprises a processor which is used for carrying out circuit control; the current detection module is used for collecting and comparing the real-time current value of the current and comparing the real-time current value with a preset current threshold value; the first electronic switch is connected with the processor and the current detection module and is controlled by the processor to be switched on so as to supply power to the current detection module or switched off so as to turn off the current detection module; the second electronic switch is connected with the processor and is controlled by the processor to be switched on or switched off; and the third electronic switch is connected with the second electronic switch and the current detection module, and the third electronic switch is connected to a downstream circuit. According to the invention, the response speed can be effectively improved, the electric appliance is protected from overload damage, and the current limiting precision is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power protection, and in particular to an intelligent adaptive current limiting device and a current limiting control method. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, not only the safe operation of electrical equipment, but also the safe operation of some key circuits is crucial. When abnormal conditions such as short circuit and overload occur in the circuit, if timely measures are not taken, it will cause equipment damage, circuit board burnout and other adverse conditions, and even cause fires in serious cases. Traditional current limiting methods mostly use fuses or thermal magnetic circuit breakers to achieve circuit on and off, but these methods have problems such as slow response speed, irreversibility, and low accuracy. In addition, they cannot monitor the circuit in real time and dynamically adjust the current limit value, making it difficult to meet the current intelligent control needs of smart homes and industrial automation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent adaptive current limiting device and a current limiting control method, which have the advantages of being able to achieve fast and accurate current limiting.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an intelligent adaptive current limiting device, comprising: A processor for performing circuit control; A current detection module, used to collect a real-time current value of the current and compare the real-time current value with a preset current threshold; A first electronic switch, connected to the processor and the current detection module, and controlled by the processor to be turned on to supply power to the current detection module or turned off to shut down the current detection module; A second electronic switch, connected to the processor and controlled by the processor to be turned on or off; a third electronic switch connected to the second electronic switch and the current detection module, and connected to a downstream circuit, the third electronic switch being controlled by the second electronic switch to be turned on so that the current limiting device works normally, or being controlled by the second electronic switch to be turned off so that the current limiting device is disconnected and stops supplying power to the downstream circuit; When the current detection module determines that the real-time current value exceeds the preset threshold, the processor controls the second electronic switch to be turned off, and the third electronic switch turns off the current limiting device in response to the second electronic switch being turned off.

[0005] In some exemplary embodiments, the first electronic switch and the third electronic switch are field effect transistors, and the second electronic switch is a triode; The processor realizes the conduction or cut-off of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch by configuring the potential of the control terminal to be high / low.

[0006] In some exemplary embodiments, the current detection module includes a current comparator.

[0007] In some exemplary embodiments, when the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, the processor is further used to determine whether the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value, and to keep the second electronic switch in an on state when the real-time current value is determined to be an instantaneous peak value.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments, the processor is further configured to: when the real-time current value is lower than a preset current threshold again, control the second electronic switch to be turned on again so as to restart the current limiting device.

[0009] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a current limiting control method is provided. The method is implemented based on the intelligent adaptive current limiting device according to the first aspect, and includes: Obtaining real-time current value and comparing it with a preset current threshold; If the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, determine whether the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value, if so, control the second electronic switch to remain in the on state, if not, control the second electronic switch to be turned off so that the third electronic switch is turned off; otherwise, keep the second electronic switch in the on state; After the real-time current value recovers to be lower than the preset current threshold, the second electronic switch is controlled to be turned on again to restart the current limiting device, or a reset prompt message is generated.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments, before obtaining the real-time current value and comparing it with the preset current threshold, the method further includes: The delay time is configured, and the delay time is used to delay the second electronic switch from being turned off when the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value to perform instantaneous peak value judgment.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises: Obtain and record the overload condition, and if the number of overloads exceeds a predetermined threshold value within a preset time period, reconfigure the preset current threshold value according to the overload condition.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises: Determine the current load mode based on the acquired working data; An overload situation is estimated according to the load pattern based on the acquired historical data, and an overload prevention strategy is generated.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises: If the real-time current value reaches the current warning threshold after the delay time, an alarm message is generated.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent adaptive current limiting device and a current limiting control method. The processor controls the first electronic switch to be turned on or off through the potential of its control terminal. When the first electronic switch is turned on, power can be supplied to the current detection module. The current detection module collects the real-time current value and compares it with the preset current threshold value, and performs current limiting according to the preset current threshold value. When the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value, the current is judged to be abnormal. At this time, the processor controls the second electronic switch to be turned off through its control terminal, and the third electronic switch is turned off in response to the turning off of the second electronic switch, so that the current limiting device is disconnected, and the power supply to the downstream circuit is stopped, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly cutting off the circuit to protect the downstream equipment, effectively improve the response speed, protect the electrical appliance from overload damage, and the current limiting accuracy is higher; and when the fault is eliminated and the current returns to normal, the processor controls the second electronic switch and the third electronic switch to be turned on again, and the downstream circuit is powered again, and the normal operation of the circuit is restored to realize intelligent control. At the same time, when the current comparison is performed, it is first judged whether the current is an instantaneous peak value, and the shutdown is delayed through the delayed shutdown mechanism, thereby reducing unnecessary power outages and improving user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 4 is a circuit diagram of an intelligent adaptive current limiting device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 Flow chart of the current limiting control method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The numbers and letters in the figure represent the corresponding component names: 10. Processor; 20. Current detection module; Q8. First electronic switch; Q1. Second electronic switch; Q2. Third electronic switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent adaptive current limiting device, including: a processor 10, used for circuit control; a current detection module 20, used for collecting a real-time current value of the current and comparing the real-time current value with a preset current threshold; a first electronic switch Q8, connected to the processor 10 and the current detection module 20, and controlled by the processor 10 to be turned on to power the current detection module 20 or turned off to turn off the current detection module 20; a second electronic switch Q1, connected to the processor 10, and controlled by the processor 10 to be turned on or off; The third electronic switch Q2 is connected to the second electronic switch Q1 and the current detection module 20, and the third electronic switch Q2 is connected to the downstream circuit. The third electronic switch Q2 is controlled by the second electronic switch Q1 to be turned on so that the current limiting device can work normally, or is controlled by the second electronic switch Q1 to be turned off so that the current limiting device is disconnected and stops supplying power to the downstream circuit. When the current detection module 20 determines that the real-time current value exceeds the preset threshold, the processor 10 controls the second electronic switch Q1 to be turned off, and the third electronic switch Q2 responds to the second electronic switch Q1 being turned off to turn off the current limiting device.

[0020] Specifically, the first electronic switch Q8 and the third electronic switch Q2 use field effect tubes, and the second electronic switch Q1 is a triode; the processor 10 configures the potential of the control terminal to be high / low to achieve the conduction or cutoff of the first electronic switch Q8 and the second electronic switch Q1, and the current detection module 20 includes a current comparator.

[0021] In a specific example, the IO1 control terminal of the processor 10 is connected to the G pole of the first electronic switch Q8, the D pole of the first electronic switch Q8 is connected to the current detection module 20, and the S pole of the first electronic switch Q8 is connected to the power supply terminal; the IO2 control terminal of the processor 10 is connected to the base of the second electronic switch Q1, the emitter of the second electronic switch Q1 is grounded, the collector of the second electronic switch Q1 is connected to the G pole of the third electronic switch Q2, the S pole of the third electronic switch Q2 is connected to the first input terminal of the current detection module 20, the D pole of the third electronic switch Q2 is connected to the downstream current and then grounded, the second input terminal of the current detection module 20 is connected to the power supply terminal, and the output terminal of the current detection module 20 is connected to the data receiving port of the processor 10.

[0022] The processor 10 may include, for example, a microcontroller unit (MCU), a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor 10 (microprocessor), a digital signal processor 10 (DSP), a programmable controller, a programmable logic device (PLD) or other similar devices or a combination of these devices, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, in some embodiments, the various functions of the processor 10 may be implemented by a plurality of coding programs, which are stored in a storage medium and executed by the processor 10. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the various functions of the processor 10 may be implemented by one or more circuits, and the present invention is not limited to implementing the various functions of the processor 10 by software or hardware. In this embodiment, the processor 10 preferably uses an MCU.

[0023] It can be understood that the first electronic switch Q8, the second electronic switch Q1, the third electronic switch Q2 and the current detection module 20 are all configured with corresponding peripheral circuits, such as: the G pole of the first electronic switch Q8 is connected in parallel with the control terminal IO1 of the processor 10 to the resistor R84, the D pole of the first electronic switch Q8 is connected to the capacitor C43 and then grounded; the base of the second electronic switch Q1 is connected to the control terminal IO2 of the processor 10 to the resistor R2, the base and the emitter of the second electronic switch Q1 are connected to the resistor R1, the collector of the second electronic switch Q1 and the G pole of the third electronic switch Q2 are connected to the resistor R3; the G pole and the D pole of the third electronic switch Q2 are connected in parallel to the capacitor C1 and the resistor R4.

[0024] During control, when the control terminal IO1 of the processor 10 is set to a high potential, the first electronic switch Q8 is turned off; when the control terminal IO1 of the processor 10 is set to a low potential, the first electronic switch Q8 is turned on to supply power to the current detection module 20; when the control terminal IO2 of the processor 10 is set to a high potential, the second electronic switch Q1 is turned on, and then the third electronic switch Q2 is turned on, so that the current limiting device is in a conducting state; when the control terminal IO2 of the processor 10 is set to a low potential, the second electronic switch Q1 is turned off, and then the third electronic switch Q2 is turned off, so that the current limiting device is disconnected, interrupting the current flow to prevent overload.

[0025] Furthermore, when the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, the processor 10 is also used to determine whether the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value, and keep the second electronic switch Q1 in an on state when the real-time current value is determined to be an instantaneous peak value. When some devices are started, their instantaneous current is relatively large. For example, when a motor is started, the current can return to normal after reaching the instantaneous peak value. Therefore, when it is determined to be an instantaneous peak value, the second electronic switch Q1 is still kept in an on state to prevent unnecessary power outages. The judgment of the instantaneous peak value can be achieved through a delay mechanism, that is, by setting a delay time. When the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value, if it returns to a normal value after reaching the delay time, it is judged to be an instantaneous peak value. If the real-time current value continues to exceed the preset current threshold value, it is judged not to be an instantaneous peak value.

[0026] At the same time, the processor 10 is also used to: when the real-time current value is lower than the preset current threshold again, control the second electronic switch Q1 to turn on again so that the current limiting device can be restarted, that is, after the fault is eliminated, the processor 10 automatically controls the current limiting device to restart, and the starting method is to set the control terminal IO2 of the processor 10 to a high potential.

[0027] In some embodiments, the current limiting device may also be configured with a communication module, which may be various communication interfaces or a wireless communication module for communicating with external communication equipment, displays, etc., so that users can set preset current thresholds, view working status and historical data, etc. locally or remotely.

[0028] The processor 10 controls the first electronic switch Q8 to be turned on or off through the potential of its control terminal. When the first electronic switch Q8 is turned on, power can be supplied to the current detection module 20. The current detection module 20 collects the real-time current value and compares it with the preset current threshold value, and limits the current according to the preset current threshold value. When the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value, the current is judged to be abnormal. At this time, the processor 10 controls the second electronic switch Q1 to be turned off through its control terminal, and the third electronic switch Q2 is turned off in response to the second electronic switch Q1 being turned off, so that the current limiting device is disconnected, and the power supply to the downstream circuit is stopped, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly cutting off the circuit to protect the downstream equipment, effectively improve the response speed, protect the electrical appliances from overload damage, and the current limiting accuracy is higher; and when the fault is eliminated and the current returns to normal, the processor 10 controls the second electronic switch Q1 and the third electronic switch Q2 to be turned on again, and the downstream circuit is powered again, and the normal operation of the circuit is restored to realize intelligent control. At the same time, when comparing and judging the current, it is first judged whether the current is an instantaneous peak value, and the shutdown is delayed through the delayed shutdown mechanism, thereby reducing unnecessary power outages and improving user experience.

[0029] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a current limiting control method, which is implemented based on the intelligent adaptive current limiting device of the first aspect, and includes: S100, obtaining the real-time current value and comparing it with the preset current threshold. The real-time current value is acquired by the current detection module in real time. Since the current detection module adopts a current comparator, after the real-time current value is acquired, the current detection module automatically compares it with the built-in preset current threshold for judgment.

[0030] Before obtaining the real-time current value and comparing it with the preset current threshold, it also includes: S101. Configure the delay time. The delay time is used to delay the second electronic switch from being turned off when the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value to make an instantaneous peak value judgment. The delay time can be set to 1-5s, for example. Of course, when configuring the delay time, parameters such as the preset current threshold value can be configured synchronously.

[0031] S200: If the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, determine whether the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value.

[0032] S201. If so, control the second electronic switch to remain in the on state. When some devices are started, their instantaneous current is relatively large. For example, when a motor is started, the current can return to normal after reaching an instantaneous peak value. Therefore, when it is judged to be an instantaneous peak value, the second electronic switch is still kept in the on state to prevent unnecessary power outages. The judgment of the instantaneous peak value can be achieved by triggering a delay mechanism by setting a delay time. When the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, if it returns to normal after the delay time is reached, it is judged to be an instantaneous peak value. If the real-time current value continues to exceed the preset current threshold value, it is judged not to be an instantaneous peak value.

[0033] S202, if not, control the second electronic switch to be cut off to turn off the third electronic switch, thereby disconnecting the current limiting device, interrupting the current flow, and preventing overload; at the same time, if the real-time current value reaches the current warning threshold after the delay time, an alarm message is generated. The current warning threshold can be consistent with the preset current threshold, or it can be greater than the preset current threshold. By sending the alarm message to the user's communication device, the user is prompted to handle the exception in time.

[0034] S203 , otherwise, if the real-time current value does not exceed the preset current threshold, the second electronic switch continues to be in the on state.

[0035] S300, after the real-time current value recovers to be lower than the preset current threshold, the second electronic switch is controlled to be turned on again to restart the current limiting device, or a reset prompt message is generated; the automatic control of the second electronic switch to be turned on is achieved by setting the control terminal IO2 of the processor to a high potential, and a reset prompt message can also be generated and sent to the user's communication device to prompt the user to perform a manual reset, thereby improving the continuity and reliability of system use.

[0036] Furthermore, the method further comprises: S400, obtaining and recording the overload condition. If the number of overloads exceeds a predetermined threshold within a preset time period, reconfiguring the preset current threshold according to the overload condition; recording an overload each time the current limiting device is disconnected. If the overload condition recurs within the preset time period, it means that the preset current threshold is set to a low value. At this time, the preset current threshold can be reset according to the current value of each overload, so that the current limit can be adjusted adaptively, and it can adapt to different application scenarios more intelligently.

[0037] Furthermore, in some real-time modes, the method further comprises: S501. Determine the current load mode based on the acquired working data. The working data may include, for example, real-time current value, instantaneous peak times, and current changes. Usually, the load mode is identified and the load condition is analyzed by configuring a machine learning algorithm.

[0038] S502. Estimate the overload situation based on the acquired historical data according to the load pattern, and generate an overload prevention strategy. The overload prevention strategy may be, for example, the load amount to be reduced or the size of the preset current threshold to be adjusted according to the predicted overload situation, so as to prompt users to take preventive measures in advance.

[0039] The present invention controls the first electronic switch to be turned on or off by the processor through the potential of its control terminal. When the first electronic switch is turned on, power can be supplied to the current detection module. The current detection module collects the real-time current value and compares it with the preset current threshold value, and limits the current by the preset current threshold value. When the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value, the current is judged to be abnormal. At this time, the processor controls the second electronic switch to be turned off through its control terminal, and the third electronic switch is turned off in response to the turning off of the second electronic switch, so that the current limiting device is disconnected, and the power supply to the downstream circuit is stopped, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly cutting off the circuit to protect the downstream equipment, effectively improve the response speed, protect the electrical appliance from overload damage, and the current limiting accuracy is higher; and when the fault is eliminated and the current returns to normal, the processor controls the second electronic switch and the third electronic switch to be turned on again, and the downstream circuit is powered again, the normal operation of the circuit is restored, and intelligent control is realized. At the same time, when the current comparison is performed, it is first judged whether the current is an instantaneous peak value, and the shutdown is delayed by the delayed shutdown mechanism, thereby reducing unnecessary power outages and improving user experience.

[0040] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which are equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent adaptive current limiting device, characterized in that: include: A processor for performing circuit control; A current detection module, used to collect a real-time current value of the current and compare the real-time current value with a preset current threshold; A first electronic switch, connected to the processor and the current detection module, and controlled by the processor to be turned on to supply power to the current detection module or turned off to shut down the current detection module; A second electronic switch, connected to the processor and controlled by the processor to be turned on or off; a third electronic switch connected to the second electronic switch and the current detection module, and connected to a downstream circuit, the third electronic switch being controlled by the second electronic switch to be turned on so that the current limiting device works normally, or being controlled by the second electronic switch to be turned off so that the current limiting device is disconnected and stops supplying power to the downstream circuit; When the current detection module determines that the real-time current value exceeds the preset threshold, the processor controls the second electronic switch to be turned off, and the third electronic switch turns off the current limiting device in response to the second electronic switch being turned off.

2. The intelligent adaptive current limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electronic switch and the third electronic switch are field effect transistors, and the second electronic switch is a triode; The processor realizes the conduction or cut-off of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch by configuring the potential of the control terminal to be high / low.

3. The intelligent adaptive current limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current detection module includes a current comparator.

4. The intelligent adaptive current limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, the processor is further configured to determine whether the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value, and to keep the second electronic switch in an on state when determining that the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value.

5. The intelligent adaptive current limiting device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The processor is further configured to: when the real-time current value is lower than a preset current threshold again, control the second electronic switch to be turned on again so as to restart the current limiting device.

6. A current limiting control method, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the intelligent adaptive current limiting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: Obtaining real-time current value and comparing it with a preset current threshold; If the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold, determine whether the real-time current value is an instantaneous peak value, if so, control the second electronic switch to remain in the on state, if not, control the second electronic switch to be turned off so that the third electronic switch is turned off; otherwise, keep the second electronic switch in the on state; After the real-time current value recovers to be lower than the preset current threshold, the second electronic switch is controlled to be turned on again to restart the current limiting device, or a reset prompt message is generated.

7. The current limiting control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before obtaining the real-time current value and comparing it with the preset current threshold, the method further includes: The delay time is configured, and the delay time is used to delay the second electronic switch from being turned off when the real-time current value exceeds the preset current threshold value to perform instantaneous peak value judgment.

8. The current limiting control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: Obtain and record the overload condition, and if the number of overloads exceeds a predetermined threshold value within a preset time period, reconfigure the preset current threshold value according to the overload condition.

9. The current limiting control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: Determine the current load mode based on the acquired working data; An overload situation is estimated according to the load pattern based on the acquired historical data, and an overload prevention strategy is generated.

10. The current limiting control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: If the real-time current value reaches the current warning threshold after the delay time, an alarm message is generated.

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