Space electromagnetic field dynamic regulation wireless power supply system based on inductance design

Abstract

The invention provides a space electromagnetic field dynamic regulation and control wireless power supply system based on inductance design. The wireless power supply system comprises an electric energy transmission conversion module, a coupling resonance module, a load matching module and an information control module. The electric energy transmission module converts direct current into high-frequency alternating current; the coupling resonance module comprises a transmitting device and a receiving end, and the transmitting device is formed by mutually orthogonally splicing three transmitting ends; the load matching module meets different load electricity demands; the information control module comprises a detection module, a data module and a regulation and control module. The beneficial effects of the system are that the system can intelligently adjust the inductance of the transmitting end according to the coupling position relation of the transmitting end and the receiving end based on the attenuation characteristic that the near-field electromagnetic field changes along with the spatial distance, thereby achieving the regulation and control of the electric field energy and magnetic field energy, and efficiently utilizing the near-field electromagnetic field energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of omnidirectional wireless power transmission in space, and in particular to a wireless power supply system for dynamic regulation of a space electromagnetic field based on an inductor design. Background Art

[0002] Omnidirectional wireless power transmission generally uses the near-field electromagnetic field to achieve wireless transmission, but the magnetic field coupling method generated by the coil current will sharply decrease the transmission effect as the distance increases, while the electric field coupling method has better distance characteristics, but because the dielectric constant of the electrode plate is very low, the equivalent capacitance value of the transmitting and receiving side plates is very small, which also leads to the low transmission power density of the existing capacitive coupling wireless power transmission system. There are also some safety hazards caused by the excessively high working voltage between the electrode plates.

[0003] At the same time, both magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling only use a single field to transmit energy, and do not make full use of the electromagnetic field in space. Therefore, wireless power transmission combining magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling is proposed, but this does not efficiently utilize the electromagnetic field in the near field area, because as the spatial transmission distance changes, the attenuation curves of the electric field and magnetic field are different, so the magnetic field energy and electric field energy absorption capacity corresponding to the different coupling position relationship between the transmitter and the receiver are also different. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a wireless power supply system for dynamic regulation of spatial electromagnetic fields based on inductance design.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A wireless power supply system for dynamic regulation of space electromagnetic fields based on inductance design includes a power transmission and conversion module, a coupling resonance module, a load matching module and an information control module.

[0007] Further, the power transmission module converts the direct current into high-frequency alternating current;

[0008] The coupled resonance module includes a transmitting device and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting device is a three-dimensional device composed of three transmitting ends orthogonal to each other;

[0009] The load matching module includes a load and a load conversion circuit, which can meet the power requirements of different loads;

[0010] The information control module includes a detection module, a data module and a control module; the detection module is used to detect the coupling position relationship between the transmitter and the receiver; the data module is a database of the coupling position relationship between the transmitter and the receiver and the optimal magnetic field energy and electric field energy ratio established based on the attenuation characteristics of the electromagnetic field spatial distance in the near field area; the control module adjusts the ratio of magnetic field energy and electric field energy by changing the inductance of the transmitter.

[0011] Furthermore, two circuits were designed to adjust the ratio of magnetic field energy and electric field energy by adjusting inductance.

[0012] Circuit 1: A combination circuit of variable inductance and variable capacitance is used. The inductance of the transmitting coil is changed by adjusting the variable inductance, which affects the electric field energy and magnetic field energy provided by the transmitting coil and the transmitting plate, thereby adjusting the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy in the near field.

[0013] Circuit 2: A coupled transformer structure is used to change the proportion of electric energy distributed between the transmitting coil and the transmitting plate by adjusting the proportion of both sides of the transmitting inductance, thereby adjusting the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy in the near field.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmitting end is composed of a transmitting coil, a transmitting pole plate, a magnetic shielding layer and an acrylic plate, and the structure of the receiving end is the same as that of the transmitting end; the transmitting coil is a Leeds coil, and the pole plate is composed of two sub-pole plates; the transmitting coil surrounds the pole plate to form a multi-turn coil, and the pole plate is located in the center of the transmitting coil; the magnetic shielding layer is a ferrite material, and is located on the back of the transmitting coil to perform magnetic shielding on the densely wound transmitting coil.

[0015] Furthermore, the coil adjusts the inductance value in the equivalent connection circuit topology by adjusting the number of turns, radius, and turn spacing; the plate group adjusts the capacitance value in the equivalent connection circuit topology by adjusting the facing area, shape, and series-parallel connection. The inductance and capacitance in the equivalent connection circuit topology are all provided by the coil equivalent inductance and the plate group equivalent capacitance.

[0016] Furthermore, based on this three-orthogonal structure transmitting device, a combination of multiple transmitting devices is provided to achieve wireless power transmission within a region or even space.

[0017] Furthermore, the system is not limited to transmitting devices with three orthogonal structures, but is applicable to a variety of wireless power transmitting devices that mix magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] (1) The present invention provides a combined use method of three orthogonal transmitting devices, which realizes wireless power transmission within a region or even space to a greater extent.

[0020] (2) The present invention can intelligently adjust the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy to achieve an optimal ratio according to the relative position of the coupling space between the transmitting end and the receiving end, efficiently utilize the electromagnetic near-field space energy, and improve the efficiency of wireless power transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall function of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0023] Figure 2 The basic current element and its field component orientation described in the embodiment of the present invention

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the coupling position of the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0025] Figure 4 Flow chart of optimal control of electric field energy and magnetic field energy according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmitting device and transmitting end according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0027] Figure 6 The topology diagram of the adjustable transmitting inductor circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows

[0028] Figure 7 The topology diagram of the circuit with adjustable ratio on both sides of the inductor according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the device and topology according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0030] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a multi-transmitter assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0031] Figure symbols and descriptions: Lp: transmitting coil, Ls: receiving coil, P1 and P2: transmitting plates, P3 and P4: receiving plates, L0: primary inductance; C0: primary capacitance; L: continuously adjustable inductance, C: variable resonance compensation capacitance, La: proportion adjustable inductance, L1: coil inductance of transmitting end 1, L2: coil inductance of transmitting end 2, L3: coil inductance of transmitting end 3, C11: upper sub-plate of the emitter plate of transmitting end 1, C12: lower sub-plate of the emitter plate of transmitting end 1, C21: upper sub-plate of the emitter plate of transmitting end 2, C22: lower sub-plate of the emitter plate of transmitting end 2, C31: upper sub-plate of the emitter plate of transmitting end 3, C32: lower sub-plate of the emitter plate of transmitting end 3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, the wireless power supply system for dynamic regulation of space electromagnetic field based on inductor design includes:

[0034] The power transmission conversion module converts direct current into high-frequency alternating current, wherein the adjustable frequency range of the power supply includes the resonant frequency of the transmitting device;

[0035] The coupled resonance module includes a transmitter and a receiver, and transmits electromagnetic energy from the transmitter to the receiver based on the principle of electromagnetic induction;

[0036] The load matching module can meet the loads with different power requirements and improve the flexibility of wireless power transmission;

[0037] The information control module can detect the coupling spatial position relationship between the transmitting end and the receiving end and determine the optimal electric field energy and magnetic field energy ratio based on the database, and then control the circuit to adjust the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy; efficiently utilize the electromagnetic field energy in the near field area to improve the efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0038] To determine the optimal magnetic field energy and electric field energy ratio based on the coupling position relationship between the transmitter and the receiver, we must first analyze the attenuation characteristics of the electromagnetic field in space with distance, and the electromagnetic field generated by the coil can be equivalent to a closed surface. Within the spatial range of any closed surface, the relationship between the coil and the field radiated by the coil can be described by the integral form of the Maxwell equations. Maxwell's equations are linear equations. Within a given closed surface with known boundary conditions, the electromagnetic field inside it satisfies the linear superposition principle. Therefore, the field generated by a finite transmitting coil in space at a distance of R1 can be the superposition of the fields generated by an infinite number of basic current elements on the coil in space at a distance of R1. The analysis of the radiation field and field area of ​​the entire transmitting coil can be equivalent to the analysis of the radiation field and field area of ​​a single basic current element.

[0039] Assume that the basic current element is a line element of length dz, on which the currents I are of equal amplitude and phase. Figure 2 The spatial coordinate system established with the basic current element as the center is shown. Magnetic field components Perpendicular to the electric field component E r and E θ , E is not considered in this analysis θ Quantity. represents the phase constant, λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, θ represents the angle between the current element axis and the r axis, and η represents the wave impedance in the medium.

[0040] Inductive near field area (kR1<<1):

[0041] Radiated near field (kR1 ≥ 1):

[0042] Finally, for a finite antenna, the total field at a given position P is the superposition of the radiation fields of the elementary current elements at point P:

[0043]

[0044] E=θ∫dE θ +r∫dE r

[0045] In order to accurately describe the coupling relationship between the transmitter and the receiver in the cooperative working mode, the coupling coefficient k with universal significance is considered. e It can be expressed as shown below.

[0046]

[0047] Where E and H represent the electric field and magnetic field strength, subscripts 1 and 2 indicate the transmitting end and the receiving end, ε and μ represent the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, and v represents the volume. By simplification, the coupling coefficient can be equivalent to the result of the combined effect of the magnetic field coupling coefficient and the electric field coupling coefficient.

[0048] Through the above formula, a database of the optimal magnetic field energy and electric field energy ratio when the receiving end and the transmitting end are in different coupling spatial positions is established. The coupling spatial position relationship is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, d represents the vertical distance between the middle axis of the transmitter and the receiver, a and b represent the offset between the transmitter and the receiver, and the product of a and b represents the projection area. At the same time, a minimum projection area value is set. When the projection area of ​​the receiver on the transmitter is less than this value, it is considered that the receiver and the transmitter are perpendicular and cannot receive the electromagnetic energy emitted by the transmitter.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown: direct current is converted into high-frequency alternating current through the power transmission change module and provided to the transmitting device, and the electromagnetic energy is transmitted to the receiving device based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The information control module detects the coupling position relationship between the receiving end and the transmitting end, determines the optimal proportion of the corresponding magnetic field energy and electric field energy according to the database, adjusts the inductance of the transmitting end to realize intelligent control of the magnetic field energy and electric field energy, and makes full use of the near-field space energy of the electromagnetic field to achieve efficient wireless power transmission.

[0050] like Figure 5As shown: the transmitting device is a three-dimensional device formed by three identical transmitting ends connected orthogonally to each other. The three orthogonal transmitting ends are used to effectively avoid the situation that any receiving end cannot be parallel to the three orthogonal transmitting ends at the same time: that is, it is guaranteed that the receiving end can receive the electromagnetic energy emitted by the transmitting end at any position (within a certain spatial area). The transmitting coil forms a multi-turn coil around the pole plate, and the two sub-pole plates are located in the center of the transmitting coil. The transmitting coil, the transmitting pole plate, and the magnetic shielding layer are insulated from each other, and there may be a space gap. When the wireless power transmission system with unified control of inductive magnetic field coupling and capacitive electric field coupling is working, the reactive energy in the inductor and the reactive energy in the capacitor will all be used for spatial transmission coupling. The invention has both an electric field energy transmission channel and a magnetic field energy transmission channel, which improves the spatial energy density and comprehensively utilizes the electromagnetic near-field spatial energy.

[0051] The transmitting coil is a multi-turn coil formed by surrounding the plate, and its shape includes but is not limited to circular, rounded, square, elliptical, etc. There is a lead wire at each end of the transmitting coil, and each of the two sub-plates of the emitter plate has a lead wire.

[0052] Compared with the transmitting coil and the transmitting plate being controlled by the AC current source and the AC voltage source respectively, the ratio of the magnetic field energy and the electric field energy can be adjusted by simply adjusting the ratio of the input power supply voltage and current. The circuit for regulating the ratio of the electric field energy and the magnetic field energy based on the inductor design requires relatively complex circuit elements and topological structures.

[0053] The first inductance control circuit is as follows Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the transmitting plate is connected in parallel with the transmitting coil, and the receiving coil is connected in parallel with the receiving plate. The variable resonant compensation capacitor C, the continuously adjustable inductor L, the transmitting coil Lp and the equivalent transmitting end self-capacitance of the four-pole plate system constitute the primary resonant circuit; the receiving coil Ls and the equivalent receiving end self-capacitance of the four-pole plate system constitute the secondary resonant circuit. By adjusting the value of the inductance L at the transmitting end, the inductance value of the transmitting coil is changed, and then the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy is adjusted. At the same time, when the inductance value of the transmitting coil changes, the variable resonant compensation capacitor C will also change accordingly, so that the circuit is always in a resonant state. Maintaining resonance can reduce additional circuit losses and improve the efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0054] Another inductance control circuit. Figure 7As shown, at this time, the emitter plate is connected in series with the transmitting coil, and the receiving coil is connected in series with the receiving plate. The primary inductance L0 and the primary capacitance C0 resonate in series, and the proportion of the adjustable inductance La, the transmitting coil inductance Lp and the equivalent transmitting end self-capacitance of the four-pole plate system resonate in series. The receiving coil inductance Ls resonates in series with the equivalent receiving end self-capacitance of the four-pole plate system, and the resonant frequencies of the three are consistent and within the adjustable resonance range of the power supply. By adjusting the transformation ratio of the two sides of the inductance La, the electric energy distributed between the transmitting coil and the emitter plate is changed, thereby realizing the proportion control of the electric field energy and the magnetic field energy.

[0055] When the three transmitting ends of a transmitting device are provided with high-frequency AC power by a power transmission module, the connection is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. The three transmitting terminals of the transmitting device are connected in series or in parallel. At this time, the transmitting coil inductance is equivalent to the inductance of the transmitting coils of transmitting terminal 1, transmitting terminal 2 and transmitting terminal 3 connected in series or in parallel, and the equivalent self-capacitance of the emitter plate is equivalent to the equivalent self-capacitance field of the sub-plates of the emitter plates of transmitting terminal 1, transmitting terminal 2 and transmitting terminal 3 connected in series or in parallel. When three transmitting terminals are controlled by three power transmission modules respectively, the electric field energy and magnetic field energy of three loads in different directions can be intelligently controlled at the same time, realizing multi-directional and efficient wireless power transmission.

[0056] The transmitting device based on this three-orthogonal structure provides two free combination modes (not limited to these two combinations) to achieve efficient wireless power transmission in the region or even in space.

[0057] like Fig. 9As shown, when two transmitting devices are used, and the two transmitting devices are placed in alignment. When the receiving device is located in area 1 and is parallel to the transmitting end 1, transmitting end 2 or transmitting end 3 of transmitting device A (there is a projection on only one transmitting end), the information control module will detect the coupling position relationship between the receiving end and the transmitting end 1, 2 or 3, determine the corresponding optimal proportion of magnetic field energy and electric field energy according to the database, and adjust the inductance of transmitting end 1, 2 or 3 to achieve intelligent regulation of magnetic field energy and electric field energy; when the receiving end is not parallel to any transmitting end, projections will be generated on multiple transmitting ends, and the information control module will detect the coupling position relationship between the receiving end and the transmitting end, determine the corresponding optimal proportion of magnetic field energy and electric field energy according to the database, and adjust the inductance of the corresponding multiple transmitting ends to achieve intelligent regulation of magnetic field energy and electric field energy, and efficiently utilize the energy in the near field of the electromagnetic field. Similarly, when the receiving device is located in area 4, the transmitting end of transmitting device B is intelligently regulated; when the receiving device is located in area 2 and is parallel to the transmitting end 1 of transmitting device A or the transmitting end 4 of transmitting device B. The information control module will automatically detect the coupling position relationship between the receiving end and the transmitting end 1 or 4, determine the corresponding optimal proportion of magnetic field energy and electric field energy according to the database, and adjust the inductance of the transmitting end 1 or 4 to realize intelligent control of magnetic field energy and electric field energy. When the receiving end is not parallel to any transmitting end, a projection area will be generated on the transmitting end 1 and the transmitting end 4. The information control module will automatically detect the coupling position relationship between the receiving end and the transmitting end 1 and 4, determine the corresponding optimal proportion of magnetic field energy and electric field energy according to the database, and adjust the inductance of the transmitting end 1 and 4 to realize intelligent control of magnetic field energy and electric field energy. Similarly, when the receiving device is located in area 3, it is similar to area 2. The information control module will automatically detect the coupling position relationship between the receiving end and the transmitting end, determine the corresponding optimal proportion of magnetic field energy and electric field energy according to the database, and adjust the corresponding transmitting end inductance to realize intelligent control of magnetic field energy and electric field energy, so as to realize efficient wireless power transmission in the entire area. When four transmitting devices are placed as shown in the figure, the magnetic field energy and electric field energy of wireless power transmission in the entire space can be intelligently controlled, greatly improving the degree of freedom and efficiency of wireless power transmission.

[0058] The transmitting device of the present system is not limited to this three-orthogonal structure, and is applicable to a variety of electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling hybrid wireless power transmitting devices.

[0059] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and method steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0060] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of the units described above is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The above-mentioned units may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The wireless power supply system with dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design is characterized by: It includes an electric energy transmission and conversion module, a coupling resonance module, a load matching module and an information control module; The power transmission and conversion module converts direct current into high-frequency alternating current; The coupled resonance module includes a transmitting device and a receiving end; The load matching module includes a load conversion circuit and a load module; The information control module includes a detection module, a data module and a control module.

2. The wireless power supply system for dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transmitting device is a three-dimensional device consisting of three transmitting ends orthogonal to each other; The detection module is used to detect the location information of the transmitting end and the receiving end; The data module is a database of the coupling position relationship between the transmitting end and the receiving end and the optimal magnetic field energy and electric field energy ratio established based on the attenuation characteristics of the electromagnetic field in the near field zone that varies with the spatial distance; The control module adjusts the ratio of magnetic field energy to electric field energy by adjusting the inductance of the transmitting end.

3. The wireless power supply system for dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Based on inductance, two circuits were designed to control the ratio of magnetic field energy and electric field energy. Circuit 1: A combination circuit of variable inductance and variable capacitance is used. The inductance of the transmitting coil is changed by adjusting the variable inductance, which affects the electric field energy and magnetic field energy provided by the transmitting coil and the transmitting plate, thereby adjusting the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy in the near field. Circuit 2: A coupled transformer structure is used to change the electric energy distributed between the transmitting coil and the transmitting plate by adjusting the proportion of both sides of the transmitting inductance, thereby adjusting the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy in the near field.

4. The wireless power supply system for dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmitting end is composed of a transmitting coil, a transmitting plate, a magnetic shielding layer and an acrylic plate; the receiving end has the same structure as the transmitting end; The transmitting coil is a Litz coil, which is wound around a plate to form a multi-turn coil, and the plate is composed of two sub-plates; The magnetic shielding layer is made of ferrite material and is located at the back of the transmitting coil to perform magnetic shielding on the densely wound transmitting coil.

5. The wireless power supply system for dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design according to claim 3 is characterized in that: This system can adjust the inductance of the transmitter according to the relative position of the coupling space between the transmitter and the receiver, thereby changing the proportion of electric field energy and magnetic field energy in the near field area and efficiently utilizing the energy of the electromagnetic near field space.

6. The wireless power supply system for dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Based on three orthogonal transmitting devices, this system provides a variety of combined use methods to achieve wireless power transmission within a region or even space.

7. The wireless power supply system for dynamic control of space electromagnetic field based on inductance design according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmitting device of the present system is not limited to this three-orthogonal structure, and is applicable to a variety of wireless power transmitting devices that are a mixture of magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling.

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